CN104396558A - Calabash stubble based corn planting earthing drought-resisting seedling-protecting farming method - Google Patents
Calabash stubble based corn planting earthing drought-resisting seedling-protecting farming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396558A CN104396558A CN201410822635.XA CN201410822635A CN104396558A CN 104396558 A CN104396558 A CN 104396558A CN 201410822635 A CN201410822635 A CN 201410822635A CN 104396558 A CN104396558 A CN 104396558A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a calabash stubble based corn planting earthing drought-resisting seedling-protecting farming method. The method comprises the following steps: (A) stubble cleaning, namely removing calabash stubble while reserving soil surfaces with width of 120cm and furrows with width of 40cm, and performing shallow rotary cultivation or artificial stubble cleaning for 6-7cm; (B) ditching, namely transversely ditching seeding ditches with depth of about 6cm in the soil surface, wherein the line spacing is 40cm; (C) seeding, namely uniformly grain-seeding along the seeding ditches, wherein the number of final singling is about 4500-5000 per mu after seedlings are in full stand; (D) watering, namely sufficiently applying bottom water in the seeding ditches; (E) seed covering, namely immediately covering seeds by using fine soil when water is inexistent in the seeding ditches, wherein the thickness of the fine soil on the corn seeds is about 4cm; (F) earthing, namely covering with fine soil till wet soil cannot be seen on the seeding ditches on the soil surfaces, wherein the thickness of the fine soil on the core seeds is about 5cm; (G) seedling-protecting, namely preventing tender seedlings from being damaged by insects, hares, wild pigeons and the like before/after the corn seedlings are in full stand; (H) moisture preserving, namely covering the earth surface with fine soil every 5 days in principle after seeding, timely covering the soil surface with fine soil when the soil after raining is suitable for cultivating so as to reduce moisture evaporation, and covering the earth surface with fine soil for 4-5 times within 20 days after seeding, wherein the thickness of the fine soil is about 0.8cm each time; and (I) managing, namely completing daily field management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, particularly relate to south China hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, the methods of cultivation of cucurbit stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.
Background technology
Corn is important cereal crops, and the sowing area of China is only second to paddy rice, wheat comes in third.Corn, by sowing time, can be divided into spring corn, summer corn and autumn corn.China has a large population and ploughs less, and grain-production can study not complete problem.When exploring existing crop allocation, cropping system, raise the multiple-cropping index, expand maize sown area and output, finding suitable crop succession, bringing up stable cropping system is prerequisite, the farming technique of supporting high and stable yields is crucial, walks to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production.
At present, cucurbit stubble maize planting irrigates the keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, and concrete grammar comprises the following steps:
1, stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July after cucurbit listing, cleans out field rattan, weeds, mulch film etc., rises stubble and retains the wide furrow face of 120cm and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm afterwards;
2, irrigate, under fine day high temperature and drought, after the field flood irrigation of cucurbit plate, discharge field internal water accumulation in time;
3, beat cave, furrow face is suitable beats cave, dark about the 7cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm when ploughing, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
4, sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, every bunch planting 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
5, lid kind, earthing lid kind, the thick 5-6cm of blinding;
6, seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
7, drought resisting, runs into damage caused by a drought, and irrigate through furrow night keeping crop seedling from drought;
8, manage, carry out intertill and clean tillage, topdress, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Above-mentioned cucurbit stubble maize planting, adopts the methods of cultivation of irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought, there is following defect:
1, cucurbit stubble maize planting, it is successful for irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought paddy field, and corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.But the economic benefit of paddy planting corn is high less than rice cultivation, the tradition of also producing paddy rice with southern paddy field does not conform to;
2, paddy field cucurbit stubble maize planting, flood irrigation, furrow irrigation drough-relief method cannot be applied in nonirrigated farmland, can not change southern hills mountain region, cucurbit stubble volt in nonirrigated farmland, Plain ploughs the present situation of lying fallow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is cucurbit stubble maize planting, overcome high temperature on the hot summer days, arid, the weather condition of the easy seed decay and seedling death of corn, strives Qi Miao and saves seedling from damage, provides a kind of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, the methods of cultivation of high and stable yields.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of cucurbit stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation comprise the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in cucurbit listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally open up seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow; About Qi Miaohou every mu final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, in hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, after cucurbit stubble corn seeding, dark furrow ditch, soil crushing, covers fine earth, cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.Facts have proved, select the early ripening maize that breeding time is short, mid or late July sows neat seedling than the corn high and stable yields sowing neat seedling about early June, because the corn sowed about early June, in nonirrigated farmland, hilly and mountainous land Plain, running into high temperature and drought weather cannot irrigate drought resisting, and often the underproduction is even had no harvest.And mid or late July insemination and emergence corn, adopt the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, degree of safety can cross the weather of high temperature and drought, obtain the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest more than 80%, corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.Under present invention achieves the weather condition of high temperature and drought on the hot summer days, the cropping system of cucurbit stubble maize planting high and stable yields, change nonirrigated farmland, southern hills upland plain, cucurbit stubble volt ploughs the present situation of leisure, walk to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu are improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Cucurbit stubble beats the field of cave maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, stubble is risen in cucurbit listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) beat cave, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe and beat cave, dark about the 6cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
C) sow, the early ripening maize kind selecting breeding time short, every bunch planting kind 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
D) water, Nei Jiao vola, cave water, guarantees the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in cave without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of blinding;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, can't see the soil that sowing cave has print wet, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed after earthing;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each fine earth about 0.8cm that covers realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Embodiment 2:
Wide furrow cucurbit stubble maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in cucurbit listing, retains the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that centre stays 40cm wide, change the furrow face that every furrow 120cm is wide into.Break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally ward off seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, when becoming a fine day after rain that furrow ditch soil is suitable to be ploughed, furrow face covers fine earth in time, reduces water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (1)
1. cucurbit stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in cucurbit listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, through stubble-cleaning whole ground, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch, for earthing provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, while break soil block limit into pieces to ward off ditch, furrow face is laterally warded off seed furrow or is released seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of fine earth on maize seed;
F) earthing, while break soil block limit into pieces to cover fine earth, accomplishes furrow face seed furrow to be can't see the wet soil of print, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed;
G) keep a full stand of seedings, before and after the neat seedling of corn, the tender seedlings of injury such as control insect, hare, rock dove;
H) moisturizing, after emergence of corn, covers a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, after rain, soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting covers fine earth in time, and reduce water evaporates, in after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out daily field management.
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| CN201410822635.XA CN104396558A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Calabash stubble based corn planting earthing drought-resisting seedling-protecting farming method |
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| CN101822162A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-08 | 甘肃省农业技术推广总站 | Full film double-furrow seeding method |
| CN102150553A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-08-17 | 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Method for culturing maize |
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| CN101822162A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-08 | 甘肃省农业技术推广总站 | Full film double-furrow seeding method |
| CN102150553A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-08-17 | 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Method for culturing maize |
| CN103392476A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-20 | 长阳土家族自治县高山蔬菜研究所 | Method for cultivating sweet corn by plastic film mulching |
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Application publication date: 20150311 |