CN104335001A - 用于可堆叠结构反应器的线材支座 - Google Patents

用于可堆叠结构反应器的线材支座 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104335001A
CN104335001A CN201380028708.1A CN201380028708A CN104335001A CN 104335001 A CN104335001 A CN 104335001A CN 201380028708 A CN201380028708 A CN 201380028708A CN 104335001 A CN104335001 A CN 104335001A
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China
Prior art keywords
reactor
wire rod
rod bearing
packing ring
parts
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CN201380028708.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
W·A·惠滕伯杰
J·W·惠滕伯杰
B·L·戴维斯
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Johnson Matthey PLC
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Johnson Matthey PLC
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Priority to CN201910268244.0A priority Critical patent/CN109954450B/zh
Publication of CN104335001A publication Critical patent/CN104335001A/zh
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    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/2485—Monolithic reactors
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Abstract

描述了一种适于在诸如转化管的管状反应器中使用的线材支座。线材支座包括位于外部反应器管和管内的一个或多个反应器部件之间的部分或区段。通过放置线材支座，防止反应器部件和外管彼此直接接触。线材支座可在其端部之一处被固定到反应器部件或位于堆叠的反应器部件之间的垫圈。防止反应器部件接触外管会促进流体流通过反应器并可提高热传递和反应器效率，以便执行催化反应。

Description

用于可堆叠结构反应器的线材支座
技术领域
本发明涉及具有提高的效率和生产率的改进的可堆叠结构反应器，具体地，涉及具有用于提高热传递和反应器效率的一个或多个线材支座装置的改进的可堆叠结构反应器。
背景技术
用于执行催化反应的反应器部件，诸如用于产生合成气和氢气的反应器部件，可总体接触暴露于热源(例如锅炉)的反应器管以支持反应。相反，其他类型的反应，诸如放热反应，需要冷却源，诸如冷却套。反应器管可加载有部件的各种布置，诸如，扇形结构、翅片、泡沫、线圈或整体柱形式的箔片支撑或构造的催化剂。在一些例子中，反应器部件可以是可膨胀的，诸如由箔片形成的部件，例如，扇形结构。
为了改进通过反应器的热传递和流体流，可改进箔片支撑催化剂的配合。在反应器管中，可膨胀的催化剂涂覆的反应器部件可被放置为用以增加热传递，诸如被放置在暴露于加热源或冷却源的反应器壁附近。因此，期望使反应器与附件配合以促进增加的热传递和反应器效率，诸如产生通过反应器部件的流体湍流的特征。本文论述用于改进反应器性能的线材支座及其布置的各个实施例。
发明内容
一种包括外管的反应器，外管容纳一个或多个反应器部件和线材支座。一个或多个反应器部件可具有圆直径并具有外周面，使得一个或多个反应器部件的外径表面不直接接触外管。线材支座可包括其一部分，该部分位于外管的内壁表面和一个或多个反应器部件的外径表面之间。如所布置的，线材支座防止一个或多个反应器部件触及外管的内壁表面，但线材自身可与管壁及一个或多个反应器部件直接接触。线材支座可被固定到一个或多个反应器部件或同样位于外管中的一个或多个垫圈。
一种在反应器中使用的线材支座。线材支座可以是金属丝。金属丝可具有位于外管和反应器的反应器部件之间的部分，其中，反应器部件位于外管中。当被布置在反应器中时，防止外管接触反应器部件的金属丝部分自身可与外管和反应器部件直接接触。金属丝可具有限定其终端的第一端部和第二端部。金属丝的第一端部可被固定到反应器部件或容纳在反应器中的垫圈。类似地，第二端部可被固定到反应器部件或反应器的垫圈。为了将金属丝的任一端部固定到垫圈，金属丝可具有钩子。金属丝可包括具有用于将金属丝固定到反应器部件(诸如扇形结构)的平直区段的端部，其中，端部向内延伸到反应器部件中并经过其外周面。
附图说明
以下附图图示了本发明的一个或多个实施例的各个方面，但并非意在使本发明受限于所示实施例。
图1示出具有多个线材支座的反应器管的剖视图，多个线材支座沿反应器部件的外径面布置并且被布置在外管和部件之间。
图2示出具有沿反应器部件的外径面布置的多个线材支座的堆叠的反应器部件的立体图，其中，线材支座横跨多个部件的表面。
图3示出被布置在垫圈上的线材支座的剖视图，用于将线材支座固定在垫圈上。
图4示出被布置在垫圈上的线材支座的剖视图，用于将线材支座固定在垫圈上。
图5示出具有沿反应器部件的外径面布置的多个线材支座的堆叠的反应器部件的立体图。
图6示出被布置在垫圈上的线材支座的剖视图，用于将线材支座固定在垫圈上。
图7示出被布置为通过垫圈中的开口的线材支座的剖视图，用于将线材支座固定在垫圈上。
图8示出具有沿反应器部件的外径面布置的多个线材支座的堆叠的反应器部件的立体图。
图9示出具有用于将线材支座固定到反应器部件或垫圈的钩子端的线材支座的立体图。
图10示出具有沿反应器部件的外径面布置的多个线材支座的堆叠的反应器部件的立体图。
图11示出具有曲折图案的线材支座的立体图，线材支座的端部具有用于将线材支座固定到反应器部件的平直区段。
图12示出具有沿反应器部件的外径面布置的多个线材支座的堆叠的反应器部件的立体图。
图13示出具有用于将线材支座固定到一个或多个反应器部件的平直端的线材支座的立体图。
具体实施方式
如在此使用的，当给出诸如5-25的范围时，这表示至少或大于5，并且单独地和独立地，小于或不大于25。所有反应器部件或部分反应器部件(诸如，催化剂支撑件、扇形结构、整体柱、线圈、垫圈以及内和外管)的构造材料如在此论述地可包括现有技术中已知的任何合适的材料，例如，金属、有色金属、金属箔、钢、不锈钢、合金、箔、诸如塑料或玻璃的非金属、陶瓷或其组合。
在此描述的反应器，有时被称作可堆叠结构反应器(“SSR”)，可包括围绕中心支撑件(诸如，中心棒、心轴、管子或支柱等)布置或堆叠在中心支撑件上的多个催化剂支撑部件，以便形成大体环形剖面(当沿流体流过反应器的方向观看时)的整体柱。整体柱或堆叠的催化剂支撑件可占据两个同心布置的管(诸如反应器或外管与内管)之间的全部或部分环形空间。或者，反应器部件可在有或没有中心支撑件的情况下填充反应器管，从而使得在同心管之间不会形成中心中空部段。如在此描述的，反应器和相关反应器部件的各种修改和实施例可结合线材支座使用以提高热传递和反应器效率。
具有内壁面和外壁面的外管3(诸如转化管)可容纳被布置在中心棒1上的一个或多个反应器部件2(诸如竖直堆叠的扇形结构2)。外管3的直径优选沿其整个长度恒定。反应器部件2(诸如扇形结构)可被构造为具有用于接纳中心棒1的中心开口或缺口12，从而使得部件可在中心棒上滑动并可位于外管中。例如，圆柱形棒1可如图所示地用于支撑具有中心圆形开口12的反应器部件2。圆柱形棒1的直径可与反应器部件中的开口12的直径相同或稍小。中心棒1可具有与外管3的长度相适应的长度。
中心棒1可还包括支架、套管和基板等，用于提供止动配件，因而部件不会滑离中心棒。基板可定位在中心棒的下端处或附近并且可具有允许容易地安装在外管中的形状和直径或尺寸。例如，止动板可具有直径等于或小于外管的内径的圆形形状。在被插入外管中之前，中心棒可预加载有任何数量的反应器部件或垫圈。
如图所示，扇形结构2可一个在另一个上面地竖直堆叠以形成多层反应器部件2。尽管在此示出了竖直地堆叠反应器部件，但是可以用替代性方式(诸如水平地)布置部件以适应反应器的定向或某些技术要求。如下所述，垫圈4可根据需要被插在一个或多个反应器部件2(例如扇形结构)之间，例如，每个扇形结构可被垫圈分开，其中，垫圈在部件之间形成开口空间。环形形状的垫圈4可用作间隔片，并且反应器部件和垫圈可布置为交替序列。堆叠的反应器部件可根据需要被竖直地布置，例如，在0.5至4英尺的范围内，以产生子组件。多个子组件可在反应器中堆叠在一起，例如，可堆叠1至60个子组件。堆叠的子组件可具有在2至60英尺范围内的高度。
诸如气体或液体的待反应流体10大体竖直地流过(根据需要上升流10a或下降流10b)外管3并流过布置在中心棒1上的每个部件2。反应器部件2沿其它非竖直方向引导流体流以增加热传递，例如，扇形结构朝向外管壁径向地(垂直于总体竖直方向)引导或导引流体流。扇形结构可接触或靠近外管3的内壁表面，这将热量从反应器外部有效地传递到反应器部件2和容纳在其中的流体10。优选地，位于外管内的扇形结构的直径小于反应器管的内径，以在扇形结构的外周面和外管的内壁表面之间产生间隙或自由空间7。扇形结构的外周面和外管的内壁表面之间的间隙7可为至少0.5、1、2、3、5、10或15mm，并且优选在0.5至6的范围内，更优选为1至3mm。间隙7促进热传递并迫使流体流朝向反应器壁的内壁表面行进，以被引导返回反应器内部。
反应器部件2的堆叠布置被设计用以促进用于执行催化剂反应的热传递，从而使得反应器部件2和垫圈4可被涂覆以催化剂，以有效地分布催化剂使其与流过反应器的大多数流体10接触。用于涂覆反应器部件的催化材料是本领域已知的并且可包括但不限于镍、钯、铂、锆、铑、钌、铱、钴以及铝、铈和锆的氧化物。
如下所述，线材支座5可具有各种设计和配置并且可相对于反应器部件2和垫圈4以许多方式定位和布置。参照附图，图1示出具有线材支座5的反应器，线材支座5被布置在外管3内，用于防止反应器部件和垫圈接触外管的内壁表面。如图所示，反应器部件2以堆叠方式竖直布置，并且交替的垫圈位于外管3内。反应器部件被布置在横穿外管的长度的中心棒1上。为了防止堆叠的反应器部件和垫圈向下滑离中心棒，止动板6定位在中心棒1的下端处或附近。流体10可流过反应器部件2并向下/向上流过外管1。流体10接触催化剂支撑件，以便在外管中进行反应。
被固定到垫圈4或反应器部件2，线材支座5围绕部件2或垫圈4的外径表面放置。线材支座5可由任何合适的材料制成，诸如，金属、钢、不锈钢、诸如镍和/或铬的合金、箔片以及诸如塑料的非金属材料。例如，线材支座可以是金属丝、缆线、绳索或细丝。优选地，线材支座5是柔性的，从而使得可进行合适的结构修改以改变线材支座使其适应特定的反应器部件。线材支座5可优选由沿线材的整个长度具有恒定直径的圆形直径的柔性线材制成。线材支座可具有至少0.25、0.5、0.75、1、1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5、5、6、7、8、9或10mm的圆直径，优选在0.25至5mm的范围内，更优选为0.5至2mm。可选地，根据需要，正方形或其他剖面形状可用于制成线材支座。
线材支座5可被设计为沿如图所示的一个或多个反应器部件2的外径面2a纵长地(诸如竖直地)延伸。在一些例子中，线材支座5可竖直地横跨至少一个反应器部件，或在其他情形中，基本横跨堆叠部件的整个反应器套筒。通过横跨一个或多个反应器部件2的外径表面2a，线材支座5防止一个或多个反应器部件以及堆叠中的任何垫圈4直接接触外管3。如剖视图中所示，多个线材支座5可被布置为，确保反应器部件和垫圈的外径面和外管的内壁表面之间的基本恒定的环形间隙7。可使用任何数量的线材支座来确保环形间隙，例如，可使用1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个线材支座。反应器部件和垫圈的外径面和外管3的内壁表面之间的由线材支座产生的间隙7可以为至少0.25、0.5、1、2、3、4、5或10mm，优选在0.5至6的范围内，更优选为1至3mm。
线材支座5可具有在每端(第一和第二)处的面向内端部5a，从而使得面向内端部如图所示地弯曲或延伸到反应器部件2或围绕垫圈4，这可防止线材支座5的端部5a在安装或操作期间卡住反应器管3。线材支座具有两个端，第一端或端部和第二端或端部。图1示出了线材支座的端部5a，其具有用于将端部5a固定到垫圈4的钩子。线材支座的端部5a的钩子可具有在70至180度范围内的弯曲角。如图所示，线材支座的端部可向内延伸通过反应器部件2(诸如扇形结构)的外径表面平面2a、在垫圈4的上表面上延伸并围绕垫圈4的内径面4a向下弯曲约90度角以固定线材支座5。在此布置中，线材支座的端部5a具有用于将线材支座固定到垫圈的90度钩子。
与端部5a分离地，线材支座5具有位于反应器部件的外径面2a和外管3的内壁表面之间的另一部分，诸如，中间部段或部分。线材支座5可根据需要围绕垫圈4的直径且沿如图所示地位于上方和/或下方的其他垫圈径向地分隔开，以为反应器部件提供外周覆盖。
图2示出横跨堆叠的反应器部件2的外径表面对角地放置的两个线材支座5。每个反应器部件具有用于容纳中心棒的开口12，中心棒用于将部件以堆叠布置放置在外管中。具有外径4b、平坦主体部段和内径4a的环形垫圈4定位在每个反应器部件2之间。两个线材支座5的第一端部和第二端部5a被固定到最上侧的垫圈和最下侧的垫圈。线材支座的第一端部和第二端部朝向反应器部件的中心向内延伸并横跨每个垫圈4的平坦主体部段的顶部。如在最下侧垫圈处可见的，线材支座的端部5a在垫圈的内径4a附近弯曲，从而使得端部向下弯曲以钩住垫圈的内径4a。如上所示，线材支座5可具有用于将线材固定到垫圈的钩子部分，其中，钩子部分可具有在70至180度范围内的弯曲。
当被布置在外管中时，扇形结构2具有用于引导流体流10通过反应器的多个径向流体管道2b、2c。如图所示，径向流体管道为近似三角形形状并且从中心开口12向外延伸，以形成环形剖面(当从扇形结构2的顶部观看时)。径向流体管道沿每个扇形结构的外径面终止，以形成面向外管的内壁表面的三角形开口。当沿流体流的向下方向观看时，流体在堆叠的扇形结构2的一个端部10a中，朝向扇形结构2的外径面径向地通过开口地面向上的三角形管道2b以便接触反应器管，围绕扇形结构2的外径面流入开口地面向下的三角形管道2c，径向地朝向扇形结构2的中心并以相同方式流到下一扇形结构和/或芯上，直到流体离开另一端10b处的扇形结构堆叠。在一个布置中，例如，如图2所示，扇形结构2可被堆叠为使一个扇形结构的开口地面向上的近似三角形管道2b与位于正上方或下方的扇形结构2的开口地面向下的近似三角形管道2c竖直地对齐的布置。
在每个线材支座5的两个端部5a之间是定位在外管和反应器部件2的外表面之间的部分，以防止部件与外管(未示出)接触。用于确保外管和反应器部件之间的间隙的中间部分可如图所示地沿扇形结构的外径面对角地横穿，或根据需要沿另一方向或图案横穿，例如，竖直方向或弯曲图案(诸如，“C”形、螺旋形、波纹形或曲折图案)。线材支座5的中间部段可以以在5至70度的范围内的角度对角地放置。多个线材支座可围绕堆叠扇形结构2的外径表面布置，以提供对堆叠部件的360度覆盖，从而确保在部件周围和外管的内壁之间保持特定的间隙。尽管示出了三个部件，但堆叠可包括更多个部件，并且线材支座可具有适应任何数量的部件的长度。
线材支座5的端部5a和中间部分可以以若干不同方式被固定到垫圈4或反应器部件2。在此描述的线材支座可具有一个或多个固定特征。例如，线材支座的每个端部5a可具有不同的固定特征，诸如钩子，并且该支座的中间部分可还包括固定特征的另一实施例。可根据需要选择线材支座的固定特征的选择范围和种类。线材支座的固定特征优选与支座构造一体形成。例如，金属丝可弯曲或被操纵以在任一端或中间部分处形成钩子或凹口，用于将线材支座固定到垫圈或反应器部件。
图3示出用于将线材支座5的端部5a固定到垫圈4的一个实施例。如图所示，垫圈4的剖视图使得线材支座5的端部5a在垫圈的主体部段顶部上沿其宽度延伸。在垫圈4的内径4a处，线材支座的端部5a具有约90度角的弯曲部，从而使得弯曲端形成配合在垫圈的内径4a上的钩子。钩子防止线材支座5在反应器的安装或操作期间滑离或被拉离垫圈4。可通过拉力将钩子固定在垫圈上。例如，可在垫圈上屈曲或推动线材支座，以迫使钩子围绕垫圈4的内径4a。线材支座5的端部5a可被焊接，例如定位点焊或激光焊接，在垫圈4上以将线材支座永久地焊接到垫圈上。
图4示出将金属线支座5固定到垫圈4的另一实施例。金属线支座5的端部5a可具有形成近似180度的弯曲的钩子部分，用于将端部钩住在垫圈的内径4a周围。如图所示，垫圈的内径与端部的钩子的内表面直接接触。钩子的弯曲角可小于180度，例如，至少120、130、140、150、160或170度。
通过将金属线支座的端部5a插入位于垫圈4中(例如，主体部段中)的开口或缺口14中，可将金属线支座5固定到位于外管中的垫圈4。垫圈4可具有用于容纳金属线支座的端部5a的一个或多个开口14。例如，垫圈4可具有用于固定金属线支座的1、2、3、4、5、6或更多个开口14。开口可根据需要沿垫圈的主体部段间隔开并且可被选定容纳金属线支座，以覆盖堆叠的反应器部件的整个表面。开口14可以是任何形状并具有大于金属线支座的端部的直径或横截面积的尺寸。例如，垫圈开口14可以是圆形并且具有至少1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20或25mm的圆直径。
图5示出横跨两个竖直堆叠的扇形结构2的外径面对角地放置的金属线支座5，其中，金属线支座具有延伸通过垫圈4中的开口14的两个端部5a，第一和第二端部。端部5a可通过具有在70至180度范围内的弯曲部而形成钩子。可迫使钩子通过垫圈中的开口14以固定金属线支座。图7示出向下延伸通过垫圈4中的开口14的金属线支座5的端部5a。端部具有弯曲角度约为90度的钩子。
在将金属线支座固定到垫圈的另一实施例中，图5示出中间部分具有钩子或凹口5b(形成开口狭槽)的金属线支座。钩子或凹口5b可以是沿金属线支座5的长度的凹入部分，例如，在位于外管和反应器部件之间的部分中。一个或多个凹口5b可位于沿金属线支座长度的任何位置以与期望的反应器部件2对齐。例如，垫圈4可定位或嵌入钩子5b的开口狭槽中，用于将金属线支座固定到垫圈。可在垫圈4的内径4a周围屈曲或压迫金属线支座，以滑动中间部分的开口狭槽使其套在垫圈上，以便固定金属线支座。金属线支座的其余两个端部5a可包括在此论述的固定特征，诸如，弯曲角度在70至180度范围内的钩子。图6示出位于具有凹口5b的金属线支座的中间部分的开口狭槽中的垫圈4的剖视图。如图所示，垫圈的内径面4a与金属线支座中的凹口5b形成的开口狭槽直接接触。期望在金属线支座的两个端部5a之间具有一个或多个开口狭槽钩子5b，以便将支座固定到垫圈4的竖直结构。多个开口狭槽可为位于外管和反应器部件的外径面之间的线材支座的部分提供结构完整性和刚性。
图8示出线材支座5的另一实施例。线材支座可被设计为具有V形的中间部分。V形形状的角度可以在30至90度的范围内。中间部分的V形形状可如图所示地向上布置，或向下布置，以便横跨一个或多个堆叠的反应器部件的外径面。或者，多个V形线材支座可围绕反应器部件的外径面以向上/向下的交替图案布置，以为部件的外径面提供360度的覆盖，从而确保反应器部件不与外管接触。可使用任何数量的线材支座来包围一个或多个反应器部件的外径面。V形部分可覆盖至少1、2、3、4或更多个反应器部件，诸如扇形结构。
如图9所示，V形线材支座5的两个端部5a可具有用于将支座固定到垫圈的钩子。钩子可具有在70至180度范围内的弯曲角。钩子可形成用于嵌入垫圈的凹口，或或者，端部可具有延伸通过垫圈中的开口的钩子。
在另一实施例中，线材支座可被固定到反应器部件。线材支座的端部5a可以是没有钩子的平直部段。平直的端部可通过外周面向内延伸到至少一个反应器部件2中，例如，延伸到流体通道或管道2b、2c。例如，如图10所示，端部5a的平直部段或区段可延伸到扇形反应器部件2的流通道2b、2c中。可通过焊接或由屈曲线材支座5以将端部配合在流通道2b、2c中而产生的拉力，将端部固定到反应器部件。线材支座的相反端部可被类似地固定到反应器部件，或或者，它可如上所述地被固定到垫圈。
图10示出了在被固定到反应器部件的两个端部5a之间的线材支座的中间部分可具有成交替的“Z”图案的一系列曲折结构。可使用具有曲折图案的多个线材支座包围一个或多个反应器部件2的外径面。当被布置在反应器部件的外径面上时，线材支座可具有至少3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或更多个反应器部件的高度或4至30英寸的高度。
图11示出用于放置在外管和一个或多个反应器部件之间的具有曲折图案的中间部分的线材支座。线材支座5的每个端部5a具有用于朝向反应器的中心向内延伸的平直部段或脚。端部的平直部段应该足够长，以防止线材支座在安装期间脱离反应器部件。线材支座的端部的平直部分可在20至80mm的范围内。
可通过屈曲或弯曲支座来将线材支座5放置在反应器部件2的外径面上，以将两个端部与一个或多个扇形结构中的流通道对齐。一旦就位，就可以释放线材支座以提供非屈曲状态，由此在两个端部处产生拉力。端部5a可在流通道处按压和提供拉力配合，以便将线材支座固定到一个或多个反应器部件。如上所示，线材支座的端部5a可被焊接到反应器部件2的流通道2b、2c，以便固定它们。
图12和13示出可被固定到反应器部件2的线材支座5的另一实施例。线材支座的每个端部5a可具有可延伸到反应器部件2中的平直部段。平直部段可沿基本垂直于反应器部件的外周面和外管的内周面的方向延伸到反应器部件中。在每个线材支座的两个端部5a之间是位于外管和反应器部件的外表面之间的部分，以防止部件与外管接触。如图所示，用于确保外管和反应器部件之间的间隙的线材支座的中间部分可以是基本平直的并且对角地横跨部件的表面。
线材支座的中间部段可以以在5至70度的范围内的角度对角地放置。多个线材支座可围绕堆叠扇形结构的外径表面布置，以提供对堆叠部件的360度覆盖，从而确保在部件周围和外管的内壁之间保持特定的间隙。尽管示出了三个部件，但堆叠可包括更多个部件，并且线材支座可具有适应任何数量的部件的长度。
尽管已经示出和描述了根据本发明的各个实施例，但是应该理解，本发明不限于此，并且如本领域技术人员已知的容易进行许多改变和修改。因此，本发明不受限于本文示出和描述的细节，并且包括所附权利要求的范围涵盖的所有这类改变和修改。

Claims (15)

1.一种反应器，包括：
a)外管；
b)一个或多个反应器部件，所述一个或多个反应器部件具有外周面，所述一个或多个反应器部件位于外管中；
c)线材支座，所述线材支座的一部分位于外管和所述一个或多个反应器部件之间，以防止所述一个或多个反应器部件接触外管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的反应器，所述线材支座具有在0.25至10mm范围内的直径。
3.根据前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的反应器，所述一个或多个反应器部件的外周面与外管间隔开至少0.25至10mm。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的反应器，所述线材支座被固定到所述一个或多个反应器部件中的至少一个。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的反应器，所述线材支座包括具有平直区段的端部，该端部通过所述至少一个反应器部件的外周面向内延伸到所述至少一个反应器部件中。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的反应器，位于外管和所述一个或多个反应器部件的外周面之间的线材支座的部分与外管和所述一个或多个反应器部件直接接触。
7.根据前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的反应器，还包括位于外管中的垫圈，线材支座被固定到垫圈。
8.根据权利要求7所述的反应器，所述线材支座具有端部，该端部被固定到垫圈。
9.根据权利要求8所述的反应器，所述线材支座的端部具有用于将该端部固定到垫圈的钩子，线材支座的端部的钩子具有在70至180度范围内的弯曲角。
10.根据权利要求7所述的反应器，所述垫圈具有用于固定线材支座的开口，线材支座具有端部，该端部延伸通过垫圈中的开口，以便将线材支座固定到垫圈。
11.根据权利要求7所述的反应器，所述线材支座具有形成开口狭槽的钩子，垫圈定位在钩子的开口狭槽中，以便将线材支座固定到垫圈。
12.一种在反应器中使用的线材支座，包括：
金属丝，金属丝具有位于外管和反应器的反应器部件之间的部分，从而使得该部分与外管和反应器部件直接接触，并且外管和反应器部件彼此不直接接触；
具有第一端部和第二端部的金属丝，金属丝的第一端部和第二端部被固定到位于外管内的反应器部件或垫圈。
13.根据权利要求17所述的线材支座，所述金属丝具有形成开口狭槽的钩子，垫圈定位在钩子的开口狭槽中，以便将金属丝固定到垫圈。
14.根据权利要求17所述的线材支座，所述金属丝的第一端部具有用于将第一端部固定到垫圈的钩子。
15.根据权利要求17所述的线材支座，所述反应器部件具有外径表面平面，金属丝的第一端部通过反应器部件的外周面向内延伸到反应器部件中，以便将第一端部固定到反应器部件。
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