CN104314068B - A kind of method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand, and first chooses the blue-green algae with solidification, and algae kind is placed in appropriate media enrichment culture; Then well-grown algae liquid uniform stirring is added the algae liquid that appropriate cationic metal compound obtains having solidification, again enrichment is obtained algae liquid and be evenly sprayed on sandy soil surface several times, experiment is stopped after cultivating a couple of days under the sandy soil being sprayed with algae liquid are placed in natural drying environment, blue-green algae by cementing for the grains of sand on sandy soil surface fixing, makes the top layer grains of sand to move by solidification.The method is easy and simple to handle, be easy to control, and cost is low, can be widely used in arid biogeographic zone and move the fixing of half migrating dune.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand, belong to bioenvironment engineering field.
Background technology
Desertification is a worldwide ecological environment problem.China is one of country that desert area is larger, distributed more widely, desertification hazard is serious in the world.According to the desertification findings of the survey in the 1994-1996 whole nation, national desert and the desertification gross area account for 17.85% of territory total area.For a long time due to the aggravation of drought and mankind's activity, the unreasonable use in soil, to the deficiency that desertification treatment drops into, causes serious land deterioration.According to investigations, from the fifties to the seventies, desertification land increases by 1560 square kilometres every year on average; The mid-1970s is to the mid-80, and desertification land increases by 2100 square kilometres every year on average, and from the mid-80 to the nineties, desertification land increases by 2460 square kilometres every year on average.At present still in the trend continuing to expand, in the north ten thousand on dust storm line, the large dust storm day of annual more than 8 grades is 30 ~ 100 days, also often occur strong chromatic number, China three Norths shelter-forest area, comprises portion of Western China Beijing University, North of North China and West of The Northeast China, there are a large amount of farmland and grassland every year by hazards of sand storms,, thousands of reservoirs and large quantities of feed ditch are attacked by dust storm, and more than 800 kilometer of railway and thousands of miles highway are often subject to the invasion and attack of dust storm and pressure is buried.
Desertification is constantly expanded, and sandstorm is more and more frequent, not only causes very big destruction to production and construction, and brings heavy losses to people's lives and properties.Desertification destroyed land resource, makes to utilize soil to reduce, Quality Down, causes the agriculture-stock production underproduction even to have no harvest.Destroy the production basis such as traffic, water conservancy facility, restriction economic development.Desertification exacerbates peasants and herdsmen's poverty degree, affects social stability and national unity, and desertification makes environment for human survival worsen, and arable land, grassland, forest land etc. can utilize land resources Quality Down or productivity to lose, and destroy and produce and living facilities; Desertification makes living beings quantitative change bad, and species abundance reduces, and constitutes a serious threat to bio-diversity.Therefore, desertification is the key factor of arid, semiarid zone generation poverty.
Current China actively renovates desertification, and the gratifying situation that people enters sand and moves back has been there is in some areas, but all in all or sand enters people and moves back, Desertification Soil people is in continuous expansion, arable land, grassland are reduced, environment worsens, and serious constrains the national economic development, and desertification situation is very severe.At present, fix the sand that common technology mainly contains that engineering (or physical/mechanical) is fixed the sand, sand consolidation with biologic, chemical sand-fixing and comprehensively fix the sand.
Engineering sand control mainly takes mechanical path, by the resistance to dust storm, defeated, lead, solid engineering reaches and alleviates eolian action, prevents the object of hazards of sand storms.Two large classes are comprised at present: (1) lays straw checkerboard barrier, sets up three-dimensional fence, arranges the dune work technology of various material web with the engineering sand control technology had; (2) water diversion for sand removal, technology of reclaiming land by sand control.It is the water source utilizing river, sea (lake), reservoir, and artesian diversion or machinery draw water, and draws sand dune, both eliminated sand damage, and expanded again the way in arable land with waterpower punching.This is the invention of the husky district masses of North Shaanxi Province of China, and has the place at water source to apply at other.
Sand consolidation with biologic is by fencing, builds the means such as plant, reaches control desert, stablizes oasis, improve a kind of technical measures of husky district environmental quality and productive potentialities.Mainly contain following several sand fixing technology: the protection of (1) natural vegetation and Appropriate application technology (i.e. fencing technology), this is the main approach protecting natural vegetation and bio-diversity thereof at present; (2) plant seeds by airplane sand control technology, is utilize aircraft to carry out the mechanization method of forestation sowed in husky district or arid area, is suitable for the improvement in underpopulated remote husky district, and plant seeds by airplane sand control area is large, and effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is good; (3) build forests for windbreak and sand-fixation technology, forest belt China the prevents and control sandy storm huge engineering corroded that what China built in three northern areas of China check winds and fix drifting sand, existing oneself begins to take shape, and plays a good role to preventing dust storm erosion; (4) Planting Grass and Pasture improvement technology; (5) agricultural protection forest network technology; (6) fruticeta's technology is built; The technology of defending and controlling sand of (7) five band one, sets up envelope sand-base cultivation straw cord, resistance sand ribbon, forward position, grass barrier vegetational zone, irrigates afforestation band, fixes the sand fire belt, the way adopting plant sand block and mechanical sand barrier to combine, builds up firm system of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, is mainly used in railway, both sides of highway.As the blue railway of bag through Tengger desert, be with at In Shapotou of Ningkia one and adopt this technology to establish at the sea of sand green screen that reaches more than 30 kilometer, pinned drift sand, ensure that the unimpeded of the blue railway of bag.
Chemical sand-fixing is under wind sand environment, utilize chemical material and technique, the sand dune of commute generation sand damage or sandy earth's surface are built one deck and can be prevented and treated wind-force and blow the bonding course raised and have and keep moisture and improvement sand ground character, control to reach and improve sand damage environment, improving the technical measures of sand ground productivity.Chemical sand-fixing technology, contain sand ground concretion technology and the large content of water conservation getting fat two, it and vegetative sand control combine and greatly can improve the survival rate of plant.External chemical sand-fixing research starts from the thirties in 20th century, domesticly start from the sixties in 20th century, existing 46 countries develop 100 number of chemical preparations in the world, for the reclamation of drift sand, mainly contain following four large classes: the sand fixation materials such as cement paste, water glass class, oil product class and high molecular polymer super absorbent resin lipid.
Various single Sand-fixing Measures has its feature and limitation, though engineering is fixed the sand effective fast, cost high and with biotic environment poor compatibility; Though sand consolidation with biologic has good ecological environmental protection effect, because of desert or sand ground harsh climate hydrologic condition, cannot survive after usually making plant plant or to plant; Though chemical sand-fixing is with low cost, quick and convenient, good biocompatibility of constructing, the cycle of usually fixing the sand is shorter; With regard to large area is administered, modern sediment control structure requires high efficiency low cost, quick and convenient.
A large amount of scientific research proves, algae has the biological group of special meaning in biological evolution history as a class, in the desertification comprehensive regulation, have special effect.Algae as planting a colony biology, growth and reproduction in the harsh and unforgiving environments cannot can not only survived in most life form, but also affect with its distinctive life, metabolic way and improve natural environment.Algae bio skinning is being checked winds and fixed drifting sand, is being prevented from, in the soil erosion and change moisture distributing state etc., play important role.In today that desertification is day by day serious, utilize desert algae to improve soil, check winds and fix drifting sand, there is positive meaning.The scientific and technical personnel of China are from long-term production practices, after finding that moving dunes are fixing, it is that sand ground forms complete skinning cortex that ecological environmental condition the most significantly changes, and skinning cortex has an impact in the reallocation of near surface and the structure composition of phytobiocoenose to precipitation simultaneously.Desert algae, as the pioneer in desert, can change the material recycle in desert soil, promotes the growth of soil heterotrophic microorganism, changes the bio-diversity in habitat, desert, changes its soil texture and moisture distributing state, thus promotes the growth of soil.The polysaccharide that simultaneously desert algae secretes in growth course not only provides the energy, and is checking winds and fixing drifting sand and soil ecology During Succession has important effect.
The comprehensive sand fixing technology of desert algae is exactly utilize the fixing sand table of desert algae biological breadcrust and weather-proof effect, combine with traditional sand control with biological measures measure, between the strain (OK) desert algae being inoculated into higher plant, survived by maintenance, biological breadcrust is formed between the strain (OK) of higher plant, formation due to biological breadcrust secures husky surface, for other plant settle down and growth creates condition, herbosa between the strain (OK) of higher plant also grows formation rapidly, final formation algae, draft, the stable vegetation ecosystem that shrub (arbor) combines, cover whole husky surface, play the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, substantially increase effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.Desert algae kind belongs to Azotica, for soil algae is as micro-sheath algae (Microcoleus), and Scytonema arcangelii (Scytonema), nostoc (Nostoc), seat algae (Phormidium) etc.It is slow that research proves to form speed at the algae skinning of arid, the natural formation in semiarid Desert Area, and the Desert algal crust of artificial culture can complete the biological breadcrust process that natural process needs just can complete for 13 years in one-year age.Desert biological breadcrust artificial infection sand fixing technology be utilize desert algae plant a colony sand fixation, artificial infection desert algae in traditional sand-fixing vegetation band, promote the formation of desert algae biological breadcrust, and set up the comprehensive sand control technology that the stable complex ecosystem of dissimilar algae, draft, shrub, arbor is target with suiting measures to local conditions, open up the new way of desertification treatment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of new method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand, first the method carries out enrichment culture to the blue-green algae chosen; Then algae liquid uniform stirring enrichment culture obtained, and the algae liquid adding that cationic metal compound obtains having solidification; Finally, algae liquid enrichment obtained evenly is sprayed on sandy soil surface several times, stop experiment after cultivating a couple of days under the sandy soil being sprayed with algae liquid are placed in natural drying environment, blue-green algae by cementing for the grains of sand on sandy soil surface fixing, makes the top layer grains of sand to move by solidification.The method is easy and simple to handle, be easy to control, and cost is low, can be widely used in arid biogeographic zone and move the fixing of half migrating dune.
A kind of new method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand of the present invention, follows these steps to carry out:
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture 7-30 days under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition, final algae liquid is 0.2-2 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid step a enrichment culture obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 30-120 minute under 500-2000 rev/min of condition, adds cationic metal compound Mg Cl
2or MnCl
2, be mixed with the mixed algae liquid that metal cation concentration is 0.1-2 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 4-11, then mixed algae liquid is sprayed on sandy soil top layer, after cultivating 7-15 days under sandy soil after sprinkling algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray identical algae liquid 1-3 time, experiment is stopped after being placed in natural environment natural air drying, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
Sandy soil selected in step c are arid-desert area surface layer sandy soil, and after blue-green algae effect, sandy soil top layer can form the biological breadcrust of certain degree of hardness, can resistance to wind speed be 5-25 meter per second.
A kind of new method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand of the present invention, the blue-green algae chosen in the method, Classification And Nomenclature: starfish nostoc, latin name:
nostoclinckia(FACHB-103), buy from Chinese Academy of Sciences's algae kind storehouse, the time buying: on October 15th, 2013.
Sandy soil selected in the method for the invention are Bei Shawo top layer, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions sandy soil, and after blue-green algae effect, sandy soil top layer can form one deck biological breadcrust, can resistance to wind speed be 5-25 meter per second; Selected blue-green algae can adapt to the arid desert environment of high salinity height ultra-violet radiation.
A kind of new method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand of the present invention, the major advantage of the method:
employing has the blue-green algae fixed dune surface of solidification, and its mechanism is that blue-green algae inducing metal cation forms mineral precipitation, and form stable biological breadcrust on grains of sand surface, its sand-fixing effect is stablized and environmental protection;
stationary applications drought environment being moved to half migrating dune is extensive, simple to operate, cost-saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the original sandy soil of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 design sketch;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 design sketch.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention is not restricted to following examples;
Embodiment 1
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition 7 days, final algae liquid is 0.2 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid enrichment culture in step a obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 30 minutes under 500 revs/min of conditions, adds cationic metal compound Mg Cl
2, be mixed with metal cation Mg
2+concentration is the mixed algae liquid of 2 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 4, then 20 milliliters of mixed algae liquid are sprayed on 100g and do sandy soil top layer, Bei Shawo earth's surface, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, after cultivating 7 days under sandy soil after sprinkling mixed algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray same mixture algae liquid 1 time, experiment is stopped, Mg in system after being placed in natural environment natural air drying
2+saturation state is in relative to the growth of wherein frustule, blue-green algae induction carbonic acid magnesium precipitate, simultaneously under the effect of blue-green algae extracellular polymeric, sandy soil top layer can form the biological breadcrust of certain degree of hardness, can resistance to wind speed be 5 meter per seconds, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
Embodiment 2
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition 15 days, final algae liquid is 1.0 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid enrichment culture in step a obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 60 minutes under 1000 revs/min of conditions, adds cationic metal compound MnCl
2, be mixed with metal cation Mn
2+concentration is the mixed algae liquid of 1 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 7, then 30 milliliters of mixed algae liquid are evenly sprayed on sandy soil top layer, Bei Shawo earth's surface, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, 100g Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, after cultivating 10 days under sandy soil after sprinkling mixed algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray same mixture algae liquid 2 times, experiment is stopped, Mn in system after being placed in natural environment natural air drying
2+saturation state is in relative to the growth of wherein frustule, blue-green algae induction manganese carbonate precipitation, simultaneously under the effect of blue-green algae extracellular polymeric, sandy soil top layer forms metastable biological breadcrust, its tolerance wind speed is 10 meter per seconds, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
Embodiment 3
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition 20 days, final algae liquid is 1.5 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid enrichment culture in step a obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 90 minutes under 1500 revs/min of conditions, adds cationic metal compound Mg Cl
2, be mixed with metal cation Mg
2concentration is the mixed algae liquid of 0.1 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 10, then 20 milliliters of mixed algae liquid are sprayed on sandy soil top layer, Bei Shawo earth's surface, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, 100g Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, after cultivating 12 days under sandy soil after sprinkling mixed algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray same mixture algae liquid 3 times, experiment is stopped, Mg in system after being placed in natural environment natural air drying
2+saturation state is in relative to the growth of wherein frustule, blue-green algae induction carbonic acid magnesium precipitate, simultaneously under the effect of blue-green algae extracellular polymeric, sandy soil top layer can form the biological breadcrust of certain degree of hardness, can resistance to wind speed be 15 meter per seconds, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
Embodiment 4
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture 7-30 days under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition, final algae liquid is 2 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid enrichment culture in step a obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 120 minutes under 2000 revs/min of conditions, adds cationic metal compound MnCl
2, be mixed with metal M n
2concentration is the mixed algae liquid of 1.5 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 11, then 30 milliliters of mixed algae liquid are evenly sprayed on sandy soil top layer, Bei Shawo earth's surface, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, 100g Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, after cultivating 15 days under sandy soil after sprinkling mixed algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray identical algae liquid 3 times, experiment is stopped, Mn in system after being placed in natural environment natural air drying
2+saturation state is in relative to the growth of wherein frustule, blue-green algae induction manganese carbonate precipitation, simultaneously under the effect of blue-green algae extracellular polymeric, sandy soil top layer forms metastable biological breadcrust, its tolerance wind speed is 25 meter per seconds, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
By the method for the invention, show through nest experiment husky in north, ancient capital Xi'an Fukang, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions: all can reach sand-fixing effect.
Claims (2)
1. the method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand, is characterized in that following these steps to carry out:
A, choose the blue-green algae with solidification
nostoclinckiafACHB-103, adopt conventional liquid JM culture medium to be 25 DEG C in temperature, intensity of illumination is 45 micromoles/m
2carry out enrichment culture 7-30 days under/s phosphorescent quantum yields condition, final algae liquid is 0.2-2 at the absorbance of 680 nanometers;
B, algae liquid step a enrichment culture obtained are placed on low-speed agitator, and rotating speed is stir 30-120 minute under 500-2000 rev/min of condition, adds cationic metal compound Mg Cl
2or MnCl
2, be mixed with the mixed algae liquid that metal cation concentration is 0.1-2 mol/L;
In c, regulating step b, enrichment obtains the pH of solidification mixed algae liquid is 4-11, then mixed algae liquid is sprayed on sandy soil top layer, after cultivating 7-15 days under sandy soil after sprinkling algae liquid are placed in daily dry environment, again spray identical algae liquid 1-3 time, experiment is stopped after being placed in natural environment natural air drying, blue-green algae is able to fixing sandy soil top layer by solidification, stops top layer sandy soil migration.
2. the method utilizing blue-green algae to fix the sand according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sandy soil selected in step c are arid-desert area surface layer sandy soil, after blue-green algae effect, sandy soil top layer can form the biological breadcrust of certain degree of hardness, can resistance to wind speed be 5-25 meter per second.
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| CN105145327A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-16 | 王广升 | Raising dust control method via desert alga |
| CN106638339B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Algae blanket and preparation method thereof |
| CN108702886A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-26 | 湖南农业大学 | The method for being passivated rice field external source import heavy metal using manganese salt-biological breadcrust |
| CN110305809A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-08 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of mechanizable artificial cyanobacteria skinning culture construction technology |
| CN110819577A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-21 | 梁钧 | Blue algae culture method with desert soil moisturizing function |
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| CN1515648A (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2004-07-28 | 四川大学 | Method for treating and controlling desertificated land |
| CN1654596A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2005-08-17 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for improving desert and semi-desert soil by soil algae |
| CN1734021A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2006-02-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | The new method that terrestrial nitrogen-fixing blue alga fixes the sand |
| CN1833484A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-20 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method of united fixing desert barren sand by utilizing thallose |
| CN102757792A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-31 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Compound ecological stand stabilizing agent prepared from sewage sludge as well as preparation method and application of compound ecological stand stabilizing agent |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1515648A (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2004-07-28 | 四川大学 | Method for treating and controlling desertificated land |
| CN1654596A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2005-08-17 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for improving desert and semi-desert soil by soil algae |
| CN1833484A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-20 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method of united fixing desert barren sand by utilizing thallose |
| CN1734021A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2006-02-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | The new method that terrestrial nitrogen-fixing blue alga fixes the sand |
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