CN102612887A - Rapid construction method of vegetations of sea reclamation area - Google Patents
Rapid construction method of vegetations of sea reclamation area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid construction method of vegetations of a sea reclamation area. The method comprises the following steps: 1, salt is removed by concealed conduits, wherein the distance of the concealed conduits is 2-3 m, the depths of the concealed conduits for plating herbs, flowers and ground cover plants are 70-80 cm, the depths of the concealed conduits for planting undershrubs and large shrubs are 90-105 cm and the depths of the concealed conduits for planting trees with shallow roots and trees with deep roots are 135-150 cm, if different types of plants are combined, the maximum required depth in all plants is taken as a reference; 2, reclamation sea mud is doped with sea sand and acetylene sludge, and garden waste fragments or plant straw fragments or mixtures thereof are added and uniformly mixed; 3, after doping, salt water, brackish water and fresh water are used for irrigation and salt elimination; and 4, salt resistant pastures or/and halophytic vegetations are sown to biologically modify the soil, meanwhile, 4-8 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each square meter, and at last, the plant is planted and managed. The rapid construction method of the vegetations of the sea reclamation area, provided by the invention, solves the problem of using the reclamation sea mud as a greening soil source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the greening method of a kind of Hai Chuitianqu of enclosing, particularly a kind of silt coast band that is primarily aimed at encloses the method that extra large hydraulic reclamation epeirogenetic district vegetation makes up fast.
Background technology
For realizing the good and fast development of regional economy society, a series of great strategic measures all marine resources and the powerful engine of advantage in geography as promotion this area socio-economic development, have been launched respectively in the coastal area in recent years.Nuclear power, iron and steel, heavily national major project such as change is one after another to coastal gathering, and industry chain (supply chain) constantly extends, and various places are strengthened the exploitation dynamics of ocean suddenly." coastal five one lines " strategic plan has been made in Liaoning, Hebei proposes to build " Cao Feidian and newly developed area, the Bohai Sea, Cangzhou ", Tianjin quickening enforcement " the Binhai New District exploitation is open "; The development model of " one body two wings adds marine economy " is made great efforts to advance in Shandong; " exploitation of ring economic zone, the North Sea is open " in " the building west-bank economic region " in " the northern Suzhou coastal development " in Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangxi, and the strong strategic plan that economizes of the construction marine economy in Zhejiang, Guangdong and Hainan.But because urban land resource is rare day by day, coastal cities are invested eye one after another and are reclaimed fields from the sea.Reclaim fields from the sea and to solve the nervous problem in soil to some extent.But then, we must see reclaiming fields from the sea and have also directly or indirectly caused the degeneration of the coastal region ecosystem, destroy the natural quality of beach wetland and the natural landscape of littoral zone beach uniqueness; New soil building ground is owing to the restriction that receives ecological factors such as water, soil, salt, weather, is mainly reflected in that subterranean water level is higher, the degree of mineralization of ground water is greater than 30g/L, is equivalent to the seawater salinity.Total salt content (is belonging to the solonchak category) more than 1%, and general plant is difficult to into alive.All more than 8.5, soil belongs to strong basicity to soil acidity or alkalinity.The soil texture is sticking heavily, structure is poor, the degree of packing is high, and osmotic coefficient is low, is unfavorable for the soil desalination; Soil depletion; Liquid manure gas heat is inharmonious, is unfavorable for plant growing, and the large tracts of land bare area has become the important source of coastal region dust pollution simultaneously; Nature desalination and vegetation form and succession needs for a long time, can't adapt to the demand of economic development and human living.Therefore how make up land vegetation ecological system on the ground enclosing extra large barged-in fill, creating the ecotope that is suitable for human living and socio-economic development demand has become the major issue that these regionl development construction are faced.
The method that makes up fast in this type of regional vegetation is to adopt traditional farmland soil moved in to improve the original mode to carry out at present, but there is the phenomenon of destroying the ecological environment of another place when building side's ecological environment in this kind method, has obviously run counter to sustainable development idea; Or after hydraulic fill sea mud is by nature drainage and natural precipitation desalination; Improve by halophitic vegetation natural deduction mode again; This mode is to meet ecological rule, but needs the cycle oversize, can't adapt to socio-economic development and human settlement and build the requirement to the time; We also once mixed alkaline residue in hydraulic fill sea mud; Flyash changes the physicochemical property of bay mud; Improve infiltration rate; And bury hidden pipe underground; The fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching; Carry out afforestation construction achieving success (patent No. 96100711.7) then; But this kind mode cost is high; Particularly big to the fresh water demand; Be subjected to alkaline residue simultaneously; Fly ash and region restriction; And because technological progress; The flyash multi-processing is that the higher material of added value uses; Be difficult at present the improvement material that flyash is used as hydraulic fill sea mud, must have sought the substitute of other discarded objects, applied also being restricted; Also lack the corresponding techniques parameter for different vegetation types such as hydraulic fill sea mud engineering improving technology and the tall filling of plantation grass, like blind pipe buried depth and spacing.The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and enclose extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation economy and fast construction method.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses is provided.The present invention is directed to the fundamental property and greening requirement of hydraulic fill sea mud; In conjunction with the discarded object present situation; A kind of fast greening technology mode in extra large hydraulic reclamation district is being enclosed in proposition; Technology mode of the present invention is to use different discarded objects such as carbide slag, extra large sand and gardens deadwood chip to change the construction of fostering and apply fertilizer-afforest of hydraulic fill sea mud character-salt water, brackish water desalination-salt-tolerant plant biological modification-fertilizer; Use chemistry, physics, biological method to realize discarded object and salt water, brackish water comprehensive utilization, reduce cost, realize the benign cycle of ecotope.At first be to the hydraulic fill sea mud physicochemical property and the water salt characteristics of motion, proposed desalination and the control accumulation of salt in the surface soil and corresponding hidden pipe buried depth and the spacing combination of plantation herbage flower, ground cover plant, undershrub, big shrub and shallow root arbor; The concrete ratio of a kind of industrial waste carbide slag and gardens organic waste and agricultural crop straw Combination application is proposed; Salt water and the brackish water Combination application in the hydraulic fill sea mud desalination; Plant the salt tolerant leguminous plant at last and carry out soil melioration and measures for building, solved hydraulic fill sea mud as the native source problem of greening.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses comprises the steps:
1), hidden pipe salt discharge: the desalination of hydraulic fill sea mud engineering improvement is 2m-3m with the hidden pipe spacing of the control accumulation of salt in the surface soil; The plantation herbage flower is or/and the hidden pipe buried depth of ground cover plant is 70-80cm; The plantation undershrub is or/and the hidden pipe buried depth of big shrub is 90-105cm; Plantation shallow root arbor is or/and dark root arbor hidden pipe buried depth is 135-150cm, if variety classes plant society pattern then is as the criterion with demand depth capacity in all plants;
2), mix the physicochemical property of extra large sand, carbide slag change hydraulic fill sea mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud; Mixing volume ratio is hydraulic fill sea mud: extra large sand: carbide slag=0.5-0.55 part: 0.25-0.40 part: 0.05-0.25 part; And, mix evenly according to mixing afterwards amount adding garden waste chip or straw chip or both mixtures of the 5%-10% of its volume;
3), mixed after; Use 3-6g/L irrigation with saline water desalination earlier; Drop to 6g/kg when following when mixing back hydraulic fill sea mud 0-60cm soil body salinity; Adopt the 1-3g/L brackish water to irrigate desalination; When 0-60cm soil body salinity drops to 3g/kg when following, use fresh water to irrigate and continue desalination once or twice;
4), sow salt tolerant herbage then or/and halophytes carries out biological modification to soil; When the plantation phytomass reaches the highest season, turn over to be pressed in the soil and improve the soil as green manure; Every square meter is used the 4-8kg fertilizer simultaneously, carries out ornamental plant plantation and management at last.
Preferably, the volume parts ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud, extra large sand, carbide slag is said step 2): hydraulic fill sea mud: extra large sand: carbide slag=0.55: 0.40: 0.05 or 0.5: 0.25: 0.25.
Preferably, the garden waste said step 2) is one or more the mixture in deadwood, fallen leaves or the grass bits.
Preferably, said step 4) salt tolerant herbage is one or more the combination in clover, sainfoin, coronule flower, sweet clover, lomax, witloof, sesbania, the Grain Production of Amaranthus.
Preferably, the fertilizer used of said step 4) is the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that meets industry standard NY525-2002.
The beneficial effect that the present invention had is:
Desalination proposed by the invention and the control accumulation of salt in the surface soil and corresponding hidden pipe buried depth and the spacing combination of plantation herbage flower, cover plant, undershrub, big shrub and shallow root arbor; Solved the difficult and secondary salinization problem of salt discharge; Adopt different hidden pipe buried depth and spacing to different plants simultaneously; Solve the middle blindness of engineering design, also saved construction costs; The physical property that a kind of trade waste and agricultural wastes applied in any combination have changed hydraulic fill sea mud is proposed; Improve its infiltration rate; Accelerate desalination; Shortened the desalination period of prior art greatly; Improve the service efficiency of desalination water simultaneously; The structure that changes hydraulic fill sea mud with suppress problem such as desalination alkalization, the direct improvement utilization of eliminating salinity and to the influence of plant be hydraulic fill sea mud and hydraulic reclamation district vegetation structure fast provide condition.Combination application salt water and brackish water in the hydraulic fill sea mud desalination reduce the fresh water usage amount, plant the salt tolerant leguminous plant at last and carry out soil melioration and foster and apply fertilizer, and solve that the hydraulic fill sea mud structure is poor, fertility is low, and reduce other organic manure application rates, reduce and improve cost.The present invention quickens its desalination processes and has suppressed its strong alkalinization through research and technical combinations; For the vital movement of plant and edaphon has been created condition; Quicken the slaking process of hydraulic fill sea mud, avoided soil moved in to improve the original land resources and ecological balance damage; Eliminated pollution that the transportation soil moved in to improve the original causes to surrounding environment and to the damage of road; And with the dissolving of discarded object, resource; The each side such as negative effect that the city ecology construction and " soil moved in to improve the original " method that overcomes are brought organically combine, and reduce the ecological construction cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further specified, but do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Binhai New Area in Tianjin hydraulic fill sea mud foundry loam content is high, and plasticity is strong, salt content is high, osmotic coefficient is little, earlier hydraulic reclamation district afforested areas is laid blind pipe at the 90cm soil layer on request in early November, and the hidden pipe spacing is made as 2-3m; Through freeze winter with melt spring after, add carbide slag, extra large sand, wherein hydraulic fill sea mud to hydraulic fill sea mud: extra large sand: carbide slag (volume ratio)=0.55: 0.40: 0.05, and add gardens deadwood chip, and mixing evenly according to 5% the amount that mixes its volume of back; After having mixed; Use earlier 3-6g/L irrigation with saline water desalination, drop to 6g/kg when following, adopt the 1-3g/L brackish water to irrigate desalination when mixing back hydraulic fill sea mud 0-60cm soil body salinity; When 0-60cm soil body salinity drops to 3g/kg when following; Use fresh water to irritate once permeable, sow clover and sesbania (salt tolerant herbage) carries out biological modification, when biomass reaches the highest season, turn over to be pressed in the soil and improve the soil as green manure April; Simultaneously every square meter is used the 8kg fertilizer (meeting industry standard NY525-2002) that becomes thoroughly decomposed and is done the 50cm degree of depth and mix, and carries out ornamental plant plantation and management at last.
The follow-up investigation result is following in the field:
(1) average daily desalination speed is 0.32%-0.35%, and the hydraulic fill sea mud district desalination hardly of unmodified;
(2) greatly shortened the hydraulic fill sea mud desalination time, generally in 30 days, accomplished (needing the 5-10 year under the natural conditions);
(3) the particle diameter composition is main with fine sand mainly, and hydraulic fill sea mud is main with thick clay mainly;
(4) ion is made up of original Na
+, Ca
2+, Cl
-, CO
3 2-Type transfers Ca to
2+, SO
4 2-Type, and Cl
-, Na
+The solution-off rate is all more than 98%, Ca
2+The solution-off rate is 85%, CO
3 2-The solution-off rate is more than 99%, and the tester hydraulic fill sea mud is 0;
(5) plantation sesbania, the equal well-grown of clover reduce the bulk density of soil, increase soil moisture content, increase the soil total porosity, have increased the ground covering, have suppressed the content of the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, the increase soil organic matter and available nutrient.Microbial count has increased by 7.8 times; The quantity of 0cm-5cm bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi has increased by 3.4 times, 9.4 times and 1.5 times respectively; 5cm-20cm bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi have increased by 2.4 times, 40.7 times and 2.7 times respectively, and 20cm-40cm bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi have increased by 8.1 times, 46 times and 3.5 times respectively.
(6) the present technique cost is low, and every square meter greenery patches cost reduces by 25 yuan than soil moved in to improve the original improvement greening cost, can satisfy the requirement and the regional sustainable development of The development in society and economy simultaneously, also can not cause negative effect to environment.
Embodiment 2
These demonstration project area 10,000 square meters; Initial salt content is 30.6g/kg, and the blind pipe buried depth is 135cm, and all the other improvement flow processs are with embodiment 1; Plantation Suaeda salsa (halophitic vegetation) carries out biological modification; Plant ornamental plants such as silk tree, locust tree, Chinese scholar tree, Luan Shu, Tianjin Chinese wax, thousand Chinese toons, torch tree, the rose of Sharon, shrubby flase indigo, moundlily, Chinese small iris, gold leaf common bluebeard, winter jasmine, clover then, plant survival rate reaches more than 98%, grows fine.
The above; It only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; Be not that technical scheme of the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is enclosed extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1), hidden pipe salt discharge: the desalination of hydraulic fill sea mud engineering improvement is 2m-3m with the hidden pipe spacing of the control accumulation of salt in the surface soil; The plantation herbage flower is or/and the hidden pipe buried depth of ground cover plant is 70-80cm; The plantation undershrub is or/and the hidden pipe buried depth of big shrub is 90-105cm; Plantation shallow root arbor is or/and dark root arbor hidden pipe buried depth is 135-150cm, if variety classes plant society pattern then is as the criterion with demand depth capacity in all plants;
2), mix the physicochemical property of extra large sand, carbide slag change hydraulic fill sea mud in the hydraulic fill sea mud; Mixing volume ratio is hydraulic fill sea mud: extra large sand: carbide slag=0.5-0.55 part: 0.25-0.40 part: 0.05-0.25 part; And, mix evenly according to mixing afterwards amount adding garden waste chip or straw chip or both mixtures of the 5%-10% of its volume;
3), mixed after; Use 3-6g/L irrigation with saline water desalination earlier; Drop to 6g/kg when following when mixing back hydraulic fill sea mud 0-60cm soil body salinity; Adopt the 1-3g/L brackish water to irrigate desalination; When 0-60cm soil body salinity drops to 3g/kg when following, use fresh water to irrigate and continue desalination once or twice;
4), sow salt tolerant herbage then or/and halophitic vegetation carries out biological modification to soil; When the plantation phytomass reaches the highest season, turn over to be pressed in the soil and improve the soil as green manure; Every square meter is used the 4-8kg fertilizer simultaneously, carries out ornamental plant plantation and management at last.
2. a kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the volume parts ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud, extra large sand, carbide slag is said step 2): hydraulic fill sea mud: extra large sand: carbide slag=0.55: 0.40: 0.05 or 0.5: 0.25: 0.25.
3. a kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the garden waste said step 2) is one or more the mixture in deadwood, fallen leaves or the grass bits.
4. according to each described a kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: said step 4) salt tolerant herbage is one or more the combination in clover, sainfoin, coronule flower, sweet clover, lomax, sesbania, witloof, the Grain Production of Amaranthus.
5. according to each described a kind of extra large hydraulic reclamation district vegetation fast construction method that encloses of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer that said step 4) is used is the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that meets industry standard NY525-2002.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102792802A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge |
| CN103355073A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-10-23 | 镇江和博生态农业有限公司 | Fruit and vegetable high yield method based on crop rotation and inoculant symbiosis |
| CN103609386A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-05 | 天津泰达园林规划设计院有限公司 | Muddy coastal zone plant groove or plant hole afforestation method |
| CN103828506A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 天津港环保卫生管理中心 | Method for improving dredger fill into greening soil |
| CN104094693A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-15 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Greening method for controlling and discharging salt stepwise in coastal saline area |
| CN104885741A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for biologically improving hardened and salinized soil through intercropping and interplanting of sainfoin and four-wing saltbush |
| CN105638015A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 华东师范大学 | Method for recovering intertidal zone salt marsh wetland |
| CN108142029A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 北京碧青园生态环境科技有限公司 | Coastal beach is retired the method for returning to the field |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102792802A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge |
| CN103828506A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 天津港环保卫生管理中心 | Method for improving dredger fill into greening soil |
| CN103355073A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-10-23 | 镇江和博生态农业有限公司 | Fruit and vegetable high yield method based on crop rotation and inoculant symbiosis |
| CN103609386A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-05 | 天津泰达园林规划设计院有限公司 | Muddy coastal zone plant groove or plant hole afforestation method |
| CN104094693A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-15 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Greening method for controlling and discharging salt stepwise in coastal saline area |
| CN104094693B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-24 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of greening method of beach saline land staged control salt discharge |
| CN104885741A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for biologically improving hardened and salinized soil through intercropping and interplanting of sainfoin and four-wing saltbush |
| CN105638015A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 华东师范大学 | Method for recovering intertidal zone salt marsh wetland |
| CN108142029A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 北京碧青园生态环境科技有限公司 | Coastal beach is retired the method for returning to the field |
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| CN102612887B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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