CN103214321B - Method for adjusting and restoring seashore saline soil by brackish water - Google Patents
Method for adjusting and restoring seashore saline soil by brackish water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214321B CN103214321B CN201310190676.7A CN201310190676A CN103214321B CN 103214321 B CN103214321 B CN 103214321B CN 201310190676 A CN201310190676 A CN 201310190676A CN 103214321 B CN103214321 B CN 103214321B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of coastal shoals and in particular relates to a method for adjusting and restoring seashore saline soil by brackish water. The method for adjusting and restoring the seashore saline soil by the brackish water comprises the following steps of: adding 2000kg-2600kg of phosphogypsum, 33m<3>-67m<3> of corn straws, 34m<3>-47m<3> of organic fertilizers, 200kg-300kg of high-activity humic acid and 200kg-300kg of zinc sulfate to every mu of soil after smoothing the soil; ploughing deeply for 30cm-35cm for sufficiently mixing the materials; uniformly irrigating underground brackish water with a degree of mineralization of not being more than 2g/l and a PH value of being 8.30-8.65 to the surface of the soil by adopting a drop-irrigation method, wherein the flow rate of a dripper is 0.5L per hour and the soil irrigation amount per mu is 190 m<3>-200m<3>. The method for adjusting and restoring seashore saline soil by brackish water not only can be used for adjusting the salt-alkali content of the soil, but also can be used for providing nutrient elements needed for the plant growth to improve the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, so that the barren land of the coastal shoals reaches the soil environment which is suitable for the plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coastal tidal ecological reestablishment field, a kind of method that specifically marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control.
Background technology
At present, coastal tidal restoration of the ecosystem is " global problem " of generally acknowledging in the world, and the researcher of alkaline land improving aspect has carried out research practice for many years both at home and abroad, has also proposed some saline-alkali soil modifying agents or method, for example:
Publication number CN1346865A discloses a kind of efficient improver of salinized soil, and this modifying agent had both contained the salinized soil improvement conventional materials such as sulphur, gypsum, organic peat and borax, contained again the high molecular weight water soluble polymer that can activate these materials.This matrix material can have new and improved dose that fast and effeciently reduces pH value and harmful salinity of salinized soil and can improve the soil texture and fertility.
Publication number CN1048212A discloses a kind of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, it is the characteristic according to salt affected soil, by natural zeolite with contain the organic and mud coal of humic acids and appropriate nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer and mix, and added the trace element zinc of a small amount of plant-growth needs, and applied in salt affected soil, can change Soil structure, reduce the harm of harmful ion to plant in soil, and can fertilizer conservation, the effect of water conservation, general crop yield 15-30%.
Publication number CN1174872A relates to a kind of soil conditioner, it is mainly added water and is formed by poly-maleic acid, alkylbenzene sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate or copper sulfate, uses the present invention can make alkaline land improving become arable land, and the alkali that desalts is effective, the output high yield that makes Saline, effect of increasing production is at 10-20%.
Publication number CN1854245A discloses a kind of improvement of vegetative salt alkaline land soil, it is characterized in that utilizing the harmless derivative phosphoric acid gypsum producing in secondary calcium phosphate production process, the auxiliary agricultural crop straw of executing, is affixed by a certain proportion of corps nutrient element humic acids, borax, zinc fertilizer, improvement salinized soil.Use this nutritive soil modifier, soluble salt content exceeded 1.0% soil after 1 year, and soil soluble salts contg drops to 0.6-0.4%, and output of cotton is 45 kilograms of per mu yield gined cottons.
Application number 200810153822.8 is openly invented a kind of saline-alkali soil restoration agent, and it is made up of with 60-70:25-35:1-4:3-6 weight ratio desulfurated plaster, natural organic matter, microorganism fertilizer and inorganic nutrients; In desulfurated plaster, sulfate dihydrate calcium contents is more than 80%; Natural organic matter is made up of with the weight ratio of 1.0:0.93 weathered coal and the peat composed of rotten mosses; In microorganism fertilizer effectively bacterial content be 2.0 hundred million/gram; Inorganic nutrients is made up of with the weight ratio of 1.0:2.42:0.75 urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K.Renovation agent of the present invention can reduce salinity and the basicity in soil, also improves calcium and element sulphur for crop provides, and the nutritive element such as a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, makes crop normal growth.
Application number 200910260179.3 discloses a kind of amendment of improveing saltings, by magnesium sulfate and calcium sulfate according to the ratio fiat pulvis misce of 10-30:70-90.This amendment, to adjusting salt affected soil pH value successful, has certain improving effect to saltings.
Application number 201010160226.x discloses a kind of method of improving nutritive saline-alkali land soil, comprises and ploughs deeply soil; Deep layer is used stalk; Sand is covered on top layer, and the method can improve saltings growth quality.
Method physics, chemistry, biological that above-mentioned known technology generally adopts, reduce P in soil H value and reduce soil salt, although these methods have certain effect to improvement alkaline land soil, at certain area, saltings agriculture production and Saline-alkali Field Control are produced to certain usefulness, but the reparation research for marine solonchak is less, utilize the technical study of slightly salty regulation and control marine solonchak salt alkali content to there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the vegetation growth bottleneck problems such as coastal beach marine solonchak salt content is high, pH value is high, Soil structure is poor, nutrient content is low, and provide not only adjustable soil salt and alkali content of one, and can provide required nutritive element for plant-growth, improve soil physical and chemical property, the method that marine solonchak is repaired in the slightly salty regulation and control that make coastal tidal barren land reach the edatope of suitable for plant growth.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves described problem employing is:
The method that marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control, carry out in the steps below:
A. after land smoothing, by every mu of soil, apply phosphogypsum 2000～2600 kg, 33～67 cubic metres of maize straws, 33～47 cubic metres of fertilizers, high-activity humic acid 200～300 kg, zinc sulfate 200～300 kg, deep ploughing 30-35cm fully mixes it;
B. adopt drip irrigation method, with the underground slightly salty of salinity≤2g/l, pH value 8.30～8.65, evenly water soil surface, water dropper flow 0.5L per hour, 190～200 cubic metres of every mu of soil irrigation amounts.
Further, described maize straw is cut into 1.0～2.0cm pipe nipple before applying.
Further, described phosphogypsum is industrial waste desulfurated plaster, and main component is CaSO
4.
Further, described fertilizer is cow dung or pig manure, organic content >=56%.
Further, organic butt >=56% of described high-activity humic acid, humic acids butt >=38%.
Adopt the present invention of technique scheme, compared with prior art, its outstanding effect is:
The present invention, by applying the nutritional type marine solonchak renovation agent being made up of maize straw, phosphogypsum, fertilizer, high-activity humic acid, zinc sulfate, improves micro-ecologic structure of marine solonchak, improves soil nutrient content; Utilize slightly salty pouring to apply the soil of nutritional type marine solonchak renovation agent, regulate marine solonchak salt content and pH value, marine solonchak, heavily saltedization soil are repaired to the edatope for vegetation suitable growth.Warp is to the coastal marine solonchak repairing test in Cangzhou, Hebei, and result shows, applies after the present invention, and Muddy Bottoms marine solonchak leaching speed is obviously accelerated, and Soil structure fluffs loose, and soil total salt content and pH value reduce, ion Na+, Cl-, the HCO harmful to plant-growth
3 -content significantly reduces, and useful ion increases, and soil nutrient elements N, P and organic content significantly promote.Concrete effect is as follows:
1. the impact of soil aggregate is seen the following form.
Adopt artificial point sieve method to soil coacervate content analysis at different levels before and after processing, result shows, before reparation, the macrostructure content of >0.25mm is 13.15%, < 0. 25 mm microstructure content are 86.85%, Soil structure extreme difference; After reparation, the macrostructure content of >0.25mm is that 49.55%, <, 0. 25 mm microstructure content are 50.45%, and microstructure reduces 41.91%, and macrostructure increases, and Soil structure changes obviously.
2. the impact of solonchak total salt content and pH value is seen the following form.
Utilize the slightly salty of salinity 1.92g/l to carry out leaching test to the marine solonchak of using after nutritional type marine solonchak renovation agent, result shows, along with the increase of drip irrigation amount, soil total salt content declines by a big margin, and P in soil H value also declines to some extent; Desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching irrigation amount is with 190 side/mus, and salinity decline 83.69%, PH reduces by 0.2 unit, in the time that drip irrigation amount reaches every mu of 226 side, soil total salt content 0.51%, declines although salt content contrasts to some extent, and pH value raises rapidly, reach the pH value that affects plant-growth, therefore,, to the saline and alkaline drip washing of marine solonchak, irrigation amount can not be too high, with desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching irrigation amount 190 side/mus of the present invention, desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching best results.
3. the impact of marine solonchak ion content is seen the following form.
Marine solonchak Na
+, Cl
-content is higher, waters leaching after using renovation agent by slightly salty, and the proportional generation of ionic group variation in various degree affects the harmful ion Na of plant-growth
+, Cl
-, HCO
3 -content significantly reduces, and has reduced respectively 84.2%, 82.7%, 35.0%; The ion content useful to plant-growth raises, wherein Ca
2+, Mg
2+, SO
4 2-content has increased respectively 48%, 91.3%, 91.6%.
4. the impact of soil nutrient elements content is seen the following form.
After marine solonchak is repaired, soil nutrient elements N, P and organic matter all have raising in various degree, and K decreases, and N improves 161.04%, 420%, 111.03%, only has the P element that content is higher slightly to reduce.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and object is only to understand better content of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
New district, the Bohai Sea, Hebei (38 ° 27 ' 40 of north latitude ", 117 ° of 38 ' 26 ") marine solonchak vegetation rehablitation project of east longitude.Original soil: 30cm soil total salt content 2.86%, pH value 8.37.
1. after prepartion of land, apply nutritional type marine solonchak repair materials: phosphogypsum 2000kg/ mu (desulfurated plaster, main component is CaSO, fertilizer plant buys), cow dung 34 side/mus (organic content 60%, pH value 7.69), containing the high-activity humic acid of NPK, (west of Inner Mongolia is covered the production of science, industry and trade group, humic acids butt 38%, organic butt 56%) 250kg/ mu, maize straw 33 side/mus, zinc sulfate (ZnSO
4) 200kg evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs 30cm.
2. slightly salty drip irrigation: carry out waterways, lay drip irrigation facility, carry out drip irrigation, dripping irrigation water salinity 1.97g/l, irrigation quantity control 200 side/mus, drip irrigation speed 0.5L per hour with underground slightly salty.After drip irrigation completes, soil salt reaches 0.35%, and pH value drops to 8.02.Place 5 days, carry out salt-tolerant plant and plant, 2 years raw seedlings 100% of the dish surviving rate that nourishes heart, matrimony vine shoot survival percent 95%, Taraxacum mongolicum seeds seedling rate 80% ， Han dish transplanted seedling surviving rate 100%.
Embodiment 2:
Area of Hebei Caofeidian ecological city (39 ° 6 ' 12 of north latitude ", east longitude is repaired by 118 ° of 27 ' 06 ") Muddy Bottoms marine solonchak vegetation.Original soil: 30cm soil total salt content 3.2%, pH value 8.5.
1. 3～April, apply nutritional type marine solonchak repair materials: phosphogypsum 2600kg/ mu, pig manure 47 side/mu (organic content 56%, pH value 7.69), high-activity humic acid (cover science, industry and trade group and produce by west of Inner Mongolia, humic acids butt 40%, organic butt 60%) 200kg/ mu, maize straw 45 side/mus, zinc sulfate (ZnSO
4) 300kg evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields, and ploughs 35cm.
2. utilize underground water drip irrigation, dripping irrigation water salinity 1.2g/l, irrigation quantity control 200 side/mus, drip irrigation speed 0.5L per hour.After drip irrigation completes, soil total salt content drops to 0.45%, and pH value drops to 8.02.
October investigation, the annual strand of the plantation salt tolerant vegetation surviving rates 100% such as dish, bamboo willow, Tamarix hispida, lotus certain herbaceous plants with big flowers that nourish heart, vegetation coverage is more than 60%.
Claims (4)
1. the method that marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control, is characterized in that, it carries out in the steps below:
A. after land smoothing, by every mu of soil, apply: phosphogypsum 2000～2600 kg; 33～67 cubic metres of maize straws; 33～47 cubic metres of fertilizers, described fertilizer is cow dung or pig manure, organic content >=56%; High-activity humic acid 200～300 kg; Zinc sulfate 200～300 kg; Deep ploughing 30-35cm fully mixes it;
B. adopt drip irrigation method, with the underground slightly salty of salinity≤2g/l, pH value 8.30～8.65, evenly water soil surface, water dropper flow 0.5L per hour, 190～200 cubic metres of every mu of soil irrigation amounts.
2. the method that marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before described maize straw applies, is cut into 1.0～2.0cm pipe nipple.
3. the method that marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described phosphogypsum is industrial waste desulfurated plaster, and main component is CaSO
4.
4. the method that marine solonchak is repaired in slightly salty regulation and control according to claim 1, is characterized in that organic butt >=56% of described high-activity humic acid, humic acids butt >=38%.
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| RU2544381C1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-20 | Эльвира Батыревна Дедова | Method of rice cultivation on saline lands |
| CN105474823A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 无锡市绿化建设有限公司 | Drainage salt-washing method for green belt of heavy saline-alkali land development region in coastal area |
| CN106045613B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-09-12 | 扬州大学 | A kind of beach saline-alkali ground soil fertilizer special for organic and its preparation method and application |
| CN106134559A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of root control salt method using shell filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil midget crabapple is planted thereof |
| CN106134558A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of root control salt method using bagasse filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil Herba Scutellariae Barbatae is planted thereof |
| CN106165566A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-30 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of root control salt method using zeolite filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil winged euonymus is planted thereof |
| CN106068752A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-09 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of desulfurated plaster coordinates the method for straw improvement alkaline land soil |
| CN107155595A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥助航生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of shed for pepper |
| CN107258267A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥助航生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of plastic tent cucumber |
| CN108077029B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2020-02-28 | 中国农业大学 | Brackish water underground drip irrigation cultivation method for oil sunflowers in saline-alkali soil |
| CN108752127A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-06 | 天津市德宇生物工程技术有限公司 | A kind of biomass castoff soil conditioner in improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN114271063A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for comprehensively improving saline-alkali soil by combining deep-buried straws and shallow-buried drip irrigation |
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| CN101507403A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Saline-land salt-water drip-irrigation medlar cultivation method |
| CN102273335A (en) * | 2011-06-18 | 2011-12-14 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | Treatment and utilization method of muddy seashore saline soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507403A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Saline-land salt-water drip-irrigation medlar cultivation method |
| CN102273335A (en) * | 2011-06-18 | 2011-12-14 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | Treatment and utilization method of muddy seashore saline soil |
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Granted publication date: 20141008 Termination date: 20180522 |