CN104973990A - Method for preparing saline-alkali soil improvement material by utilizing biological waste and application process - Google Patents
Method for preparing saline-alkali soil improvement material by utilizing biological waste and application process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104973990A CN104973990A CN201510346503.9A CN201510346503A CN104973990A CN 104973990 A CN104973990 A CN 104973990A CN 201510346503 A CN201510346503 A CN 201510346503A CN 104973990 A CN104973990 A CN 104973990A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil improvement material by utilizing biological waste. The method comprises the following steps: mixing biogas residue with the crushed grain size of 5-10 mm and surplus sludge according to the weight ratio of 3-4: 1, adding calcined lime or plant ash accounting for 2% to 3% of the weight of the biogas residue, and adjusting the C/N of the mixture to be 25-30: 1, the moisture content to be 40% to 60% and the pH to be 6-8; composting the mixture into strips with the widths of 2 m and the heights of 1.2 m, mixing uniformly, supplying oxygen by adopting the combined manner of forced ventilation and artificial turning, and composting for 60 days to obtain a high-temperature aerobic composting product of biogas residue and sludge; naturally air-drying the high-temperature aerobic composting product of biogas residue and sludge, removing water content, crushing, and packaging in bags to obtain a finished saline-alkali soil improvement material product. The invention also discloses an application process for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing the biological waste. The method and the application process have the obvious advantages that the soil salt content, degree of alkalization, pH, soil nutrients and soil microbial activity can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilize bio-waste to prepare alkaline land improving material method and application process.
Background technology
Saltings is the general name of saline-alkali soil, salinization soil and alkali soil, and at present, global saltings area has reached 9.55 hundred million hm
2, account for 25% of the land total area, the distribution of China's saline-alkali soil almost spreads all over the country, modern salinization soil area about 3693.3 ten thousand hm
2, remaining salinization soil about 4486.7 ten thousand hm
2, potential salinization soil is 1733.3 ten thousand hm
2, all kinds of saltingss area amounts to 9913.3 ten thousand hm
2, mainly concentrate on the Huang-Huai-Hai in North China, the major part arid of the Three River Plain in northeast and the Northwest, semiarid zone, and the coastal region in east China.
The salinization in soil, makes surface vegetation reduce, and steam output increases, and cause partial area humidity to decline, arid is formed, and big area desert is formed and land resources is lost, and the eubiosis is destroyed, and physical environment is changed.
Alkaline land improving technology and measure mainly contain physics, chemistry, water conservancy, biological four aspects.Physical measure mainly adopts draining, rinse, loosen the soil and apply fertilizer, spread husky mode such as pressure alkali, stalks mulching etc. improves saline-alkali soil; Chemical mainly utilizes acid-base neutralisation principle, and apply the soil improvement agent that can improve Soil structure, nutrient, reduction salinity, basicity, pH, the chemical improvement agent as conventional has the materials such as gypsum, calcium superphosphate, humic acids and ferrous sulfate; Water resources industry utilizes brackish water irrigation technology, makes soil salt content lower than the tolerance of salinity of crop, crop is grown in normality threshold; Biological control measure uses ecology recovering principle to utilize saline alkali tolerant plant to carry out ecological recovery to saltings.
Excess sludge is the waste being rich in organic matter, nitrogen phosphorus that sewage work produces in sewage treatment process.Except containing except above-mentioned plant nutrient, also containing objectionable impuritiess such as various heavy, organic pollutant, sex pheromone and parasitic ovums, must process it and dispose, conventional disposal options has the recycling of sanitary landfill, burning and various ways.
Natural pond liquid, natural pond slag are the residues after all kinds of agricultural wastes and livestock and poultry breeding industry waste form anaerobic fermentation methane, containing materials such as the plant nutrients such as N P and K and amino acid, various trace elements, VITAMIN, at raising soil nutrient, promote that soil aggregate is formed, improve soil physical property, promote all have unusual effect in soil microbial activity etc.Be mainly used in the aspect such as cultivation feed liquid use of fertilizer utilization, feed utilisation, biological pesticide and soilless culture at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method utilizing bio-waste to prepare alkaline land improving material, and it significantly can improve salinized soil and to harden situation and physico-chemical property.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method utilizing bio-waste to prepare alkaline land improving material, it is characterized in that, comprising: natural pond ground-slag being broken to particle diameter is 5-10mm; Mixed by weight 3-4:1 with excess sludge by natural pond slag after pulverizing, add the unslaked lime or plant ash that account for natural pond slag weight 2%-3% simultaneously, the C/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) regulating mixture is 25-30:1, and water ratio 40-60%, pH are 6-8; Mixture heap is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, mix, adopt the mode oxygen supply that forced ventilation and artificial turning combine, after composting 60d, obtain natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product; By described natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product natural air drying, remove moisture, pulverizing, packed, obtain alkaline land improving finished material.
Another object of the present invention is to the application process that a kind of alkaline land improving material is provided, it is characterized in that, comprising: natural pond ground-slag being broken to particle diameter is 5-10mm; Mixed by weight 3-4:1 with excess sludge by natural pond slag after pulverizing, add the unslaked lime or plant ash that account for natural pond slag weight 2%-3% simultaneously, the C/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) regulating mixture is 25-30:1, and water ratio 40-60%, pH are 6-8; Mixture heap is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, mix, adopt the mode oxygen supply that forced ventilation and artificial turning combine, after composting 60d, obtain natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product; By described natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product natural air drying, remove moisture, pulverizing, packed, obtain alkaline land improving finished material; Described alkaline land improving finished material is sprinkling upon uniformly the surface, saltings that smooth good water watered, consumption adopts 8-20kg/m according to practical situation
2, utilize rotary cultivator modifying agent and soil layer surface 20-30cm soil fully to be mixed; Doubly being filled with by natural pond liquid dilution 5-10 imposes in saline-alkali soil, and consumption is according to practical situation 2-15L/m
2, fill with every 3-5 day and execute once, amount to filling and execute 3-5 time.
The present invention has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant progress relative to prior art:
First, the excess sludge mentioned in invention and natural pond slag are the bio-wastes being rich in organic matter, plant nutrition key element, if do not carry out innoxious, stabilization treatment and direct entered environment, can work the mischief to ecotope, destroy ecosystem balance, therefore need to carry out subsequent disposal to it.Excess sludge and natural pond slag are carried out aerobic composting process by the present invention, make two kinds of wastes reach the effect simultaneously processed, and its processing costs is significantly less than two kinds of waste individual curing disposal costs sums.
The second, excess sludge and natural pond slag are passed through aerobic compost by the present invention, not only make waste obtain harmless treatment, can obtain the higher compost product of nutrient content simultaneously.Adopt method described in invention, the pH value of the alkaline land improving material prepared after utilizing excess sludge and natural pond slag aerobic compost is between 6.64 ~ 7.97, quality of organic matter mark is higher than 30%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition total amount, higher than 50g/kg, can be used as the material of Land_use change.
3rd, the present invention utilizes excess sludge and natural pond slag aerobic compost after product as alkaline land improving material, not only makes waste be able to recycle, simultaneously for alkaline land improving provides new way, for expanding soil tilth area, reducing desertification risk provides new approaches.
4th, the present invention improves saltings by the improved materials after applying dewatered sludge and natural pond slag compost fermentation and natural pond liquid, saltings is after improvement, and the increase aspect of the reduction aspect of soil compaction situation, saltiness, pH value, basicity and unit weight, porosity and soil nutrient is all improved.After the field experiment result in the suburbs, Central Nei Monggol Baotou shows to improve, soil pH value drops to 7.24 by 9.42, and solvable salt content reduces by 35.05%, Na
+content reduces 88.12%, and Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus content increases by 35%, and basicity reduces to 17.34% by 56.53%; After improvement, Functional diversities of soil microbial communities index raises, and wherein Shannon index raises 1.86%, Simpson index and raises 0.21%; After improvement, soil extract makes flax percentage of germination bring up to 79.33% by 13.67%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and to make those skilled in the art the present invention may be better understood and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Utilize excess sludge and natural pond slag to carry out aerobic compost and prepare alkaline land improving material, carry out according to the following steps: one, utilize pulverizer to pulverize natural pond slag, powder particle diameter is 5-10mm; Two, after pulverizing, natural pond slag mix with dewatered sludge, and mixed weight, than being 3:1, adds the unslaked lime accounting for natural pond slag weight 2% simultaneously, and adjustment mixture C/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) is 25-30:1, water ratio be 40-60%, pH is 6-8; Three, mixture heap in step 2 is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, adopt the mode of forced ventilation and artificial turning to carry out logical oxygen, after composting 60d, complete compost; Four, by compost finished product natural air drying, pulverizing, pack, make alkaline land improving finished material.
Utilize alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid to improve the application process in saltings, carry out according to the following steps: one, by alkaline land improving homogenize material be sprinkling upon smooth mistake, surface, saltings that water watered, consumption is 8kg/m
2, utilize rotary cultivator to be mixed with soil layer surface 25cm soil by improved materials; Two, natural pond liquid is diluted 5 times, fill with and impose in saline-alkali soil, consumption is 4L/m
2, filled with every 3 days and execute once, amount to filling and execute 5 times.
Embodiment 2
Utilize excess sludge and natural pond slag to carry out aerobic compost and prepare alkaline land improving material, carry out according to the following steps: one, utilize pulverizer to pulverize natural pond slag, powder particle diameter is 5-10mm; Two, after pulverizing, natural pond slag mix with dewatered sludge, and mixed weight, than being 4:1, adds the unslaked lime accounting for natural pond slag weight 3% simultaneously, and adjustment mixture C/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) is 25-30:1, water ratio be 40-60%, pH is 6-8; Three, mixture heap in step 2 is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, adopt the mode of forced ventilation and artificial turning to carry out logical oxygen, after composting 60d, complete compost; Four, by compost finished product natural air drying, pulverizing, pack, make alkaline land improving finished material.
Utilize alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid to improve the application process in saltings, carry out according to the following steps: one, by alkaline land improving homogenize material be sprinkling upon smooth mistake, surface, saltings that water watered, consumption is 10kg/m
2, utilize rotary cultivator to be mixed with soil layer surface 30cm soil by improved materials; Two, natural pond liquid is diluted 10 times, fill with and impose in saline-alkali soil, consumption is 8L/m
2, filled with every 5 days and execute once, amount to filling and execute 5 times.
Embodiment 3
Utilize excess sludge and natural pond slag to carry out aerobic compost and prepare alkaline land improving material, carry out according to the following steps: one, utilize pulverizer to pulverize natural pond slag, powder particle diameter is 5-10mm; Two, after pulverizing, natural pond slag mix with dewatered sludge, and mixed weight, than being 3.5:1, adds the plant ash accounting for natural pond slag weight 3% simultaneously, and adjustment mixture C/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) is 25-30:1, water ratio be 40-60%, pH is 6-8; Three, mixture heap in step 2 is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, adopt the mode of forced ventilation and artificial turning to carry out logical oxygen, after composting 60d, complete compost; Four, by compost finished product natural air drying, pulverizing, pack, make alkaline land improving finished material.
Utilize alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid to improve the application process in saltings, carry out according to the following steps: one, by alkaline land improving homogenize material be sprinkling upon smooth mistake, surface, saltings that water watered, consumption is 15kg/m
2, utilize rotary cultivator to be mixed with soil layer surface 25cm soil by improved materials; Two, natural pond liquid is diluted 8 times, fill with and impose in saline-alkali soil, consumption is 6L/m
2, filled with every 5 days and execute once, amount to filling and execute 5 times.
According to soil physico-chemical property and the local climate condition of saltings reality, select suitable crop species; According to different agrotypes, sowing amount, the natural pond liquid extension rate of alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid, natural pond liquid applies the time and number of times can be adjusted accordingly.
Test
Test site is located in the suburbs, Baotou in the middle part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, sea level elevation 1067.2 meters, belong to the continental monsoon climate in semiarid middle temperate zone, spring arid be windy, summer is concentrated compared with short rainfall, the sunshine duration in autumn is long, frost compared with early occurring, winter is few compared with long cold sleet.Annual precipitation 295.8 millimeters, the bimester of mainly concentrating on 7,8, precipitation variable is 30%, easily occurs drought and waterlogging, annual mean wind speed 3.1m/s, year sunshine time 3115.5 hours, mean annual humidity is 50%, year steam output be 2265.7 millimeters.
Salinized soil pH 9.42, soluble salt content 18.4ms/cm, basicity 56.53%, full nitrogen 1.412mg/g, full phosphorus 0.223mg/g.After improvement, soil pH value drops to 7.24 by 9.42, and solvable salt content reduces by 35.05%, Na
+content reduces 88.12%, and Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus content increases by 35%, and basicity reduces to 17.34%; After improvement, Functional diversities of soil microbial communities index raises, and wherein Shannon index raises 1.86%, Simpson index and raises 0.21%; After improvement, soil extract makes flax percentage of germination bring up to 79.33% by 13.67%.
Test site can the farm crop such as maize planting, Sunflower Receptacle, rotten another name for Sichuan Province, paddy rice, flax, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn.1., when maize planting and Sunflower Receptacle, the method for application of alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid is: one, by alkaline land improving homogenize material be sprinkling upon smooth mistake, surface, saltings that water watered, consumption is 15kg/m
2, utilize rotary cultivator to be mixed with soil layer surface 25cm soil by improved materials; Two, natural pond liquid is diluted 2 times, fill with and impose in saline-alkali soil, consumption is 12L/m
2, filled with every 3 days and execute once, amount to filling and execute 2 times.When 2. planting flax, the method for application of alkaline land improving material and natural pond liquid is: one, by alkaline land improving homogenize material be sprinkling upon smooth mistake, saltings that water watered is surperficial, consumption is 25kg/m
2, utilize rotary cultivator to be mixed with soil layer surface 30cm soil by improved materials; Two, natural pond liquid is diluted 2 times, fill with and impose in saline-alkali soil, consumption is 12L/m
2, filled with every 3 days and execute once, amount to filling and execute 5 times.
Test-results: excess sludge, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid three kinds are rich in organic matter by the present invention, the bio-waste of plant nutrition key element is applied to alkaline land improving, not only reduce waste treatment expense, waste is transferred to harmless, that fertilizer efficiency is higher soil improvement agent simultaneously, make waste be able to recycling.In alkaline land improving, not only improve soil compaction situation, basicity, saltiness, increase soil nutrient simultaneously, strengthen microbial activity.
The above embodiment is only that protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto in order to absolutely prove the preferred embodiment that the present invention lifts.The equivalent alternative or conversion that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. utilize bio-waste to prepare a method for alkaline land improving material, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Natural pond ground-slag being broken to particle diameter is 5-10mm;
Mixed by weight 3-4:1 with excess sludge by natural pond slag after pulverizing, add the unslaked lime or plant ash that account for natural pond slag weight 2%-3% simultaneously, the carbon-nitrogen ratio regulating mixture is 25-30:1, and water ratio 40-60%, pH are 6-8;
Mixture heap is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, mix, adopt the mode oxygen supply that forced ventilation and artificial turning combine, after composting 60d, obtain natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product;
By described natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product natural air drying, remove moisture, pulverizing, packed, obtain alkaline land improving finished material.
2. utilize bio-waste to prepare the method for alkaline land improving material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described natural pond slag is residue after cattle manure anaerobic fermentation.
3. utilize bio-waste to prepare the method for alkaline land improving material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described excess sludge is town domestic sewage treatment plant desliming workshop dehydrated sludge.
4. an application process for alkaline land improving material, is characterized in that, comprising:
Natural pond ground-slag being broken to particle diameter is 5-10mm;
Mixed by weight 3-4:1 with excess sludge by natural pond slag after pulverizing, add the unslaked lime or plant ash that account for natural pond slag weight 2%-3% simultaneously, the carbon-nitrogen ratio regulating mixture is 25-30:1, and water ratio 40-60%, pH are 6-8;
Mixture heap is made wide 2m, high 1.2m rectangular, mix, adopt the mode oxygen supply that forced ventilation and artificial turning combine, after composting 60d, obtain natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product;
By described natural pond slag and Sewage Sludge in Composting product natural air drying, remove moisture, pulverizing, packed, obtain alkaline land improving finished material;
Described alkaline land improving finished material is sprinkling upon uniformly the surface, saltings that smooth good water watered, consumption adopts 8-20kg/m according to practical situation
2, utilize rotary cultivator modifying agent and soil layer surface 20-30cm soil fully to be mixed;
Doubly being filled with by natural pond liquid dilution 5-10 imposes in saline-alkali soil, and consumption is according to practical situation 2-15L/m
2, fill with every 3-5 day and execute once, amount to filling and execute 3-5 time.
5. the application process of alkaline land improving material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described natural pond slag is residue after cattle manure anaerobic fermentation.
6. the application process of alkaline land improving material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described natural pond liquid is residue after cattle manure anaerobic fermentation.
7. the application process of alkaline land improving material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described excess sludge is town domestic sewage treatment plant desliming workshop dehydrated sludge.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105601383A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-25 | 南京农业大学 | Novel saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106045762A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 扬州大学 | Beach saline-alkali soil conditioner with both soil improvement and fertilizer efficiency and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106187586A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent compositions based on desulfurated plaster and application process thereof |
| CN107197636A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-09-26 | 内蒙古中恒材料技术股份有限公司 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method |
| CN108650924A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-16 | 上海绿地环境科技股份有限公司 | The method for building the salt-soda soil soil body is disposed in green plants waste sorting |
| CN108738452A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-06 | 铜仁学院 | A method of the uncultivated heavy saline of improvement and plantation pioneer crop |
| CN111408604A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-14 | 扬州大学 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by biological two-stage harmless treatment of domestic sludge |
| WO2023222070A1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-11-23 | 同济大学 | Method for improving alkaline soil and enhancing carbon capture by using sludge stabilization product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105601383A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-25 | 南京农业大学 | Novel saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106045762A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 扬州大学 | Beach saline-alkali soil conditioner with both soil improvement and fertilizer efficiency and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106045762B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-09-12 | 扬州大学 | Have beach saline-alkali land soil agent for improving the soil with fertilizer efficiency function and its preparation method and application concurrently |
| CN106187586A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent compositions based on desulfurated plaster and application process thereof |
| CN107197636A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-09-26 | 内蒙古中恒材料技术股份有限公司 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method |
| CN108738452A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-06 | 铜仁学院 | A method of the uncultivated heavy saline of improvement and plantation pioneer crop |
| CN108738452B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-29 | 铜仁学院 | Method for improving barren heavy saline-alkali soil by planting pioneer crops |
| CN108650924A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-16 | 上海绿地环境科技股份有限公司 | The method for building the salt-soda soil soil body is disposed in green plants waste sorting |
| CN108650924B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2023-05-26 | 上海绿地环境科技(集团)股份有限公司 | Method for constructing saline-alkali soil body by classifying and disposing greening plant wastes |
| CN111408604A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-14 | 扬州大学 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by biological two-stage harmless treatment of domestic sludge |
| WO2023222070A1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-11-23 | 同济大学 | Method for improving alkaline soil and enhancing carbon capture by using sludge stabilization product |
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Application publication date: 20151014 |