CN102792802A - Method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge - Google Patents
Method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN102792802A CN102792802A CN2012102795466A CN201210279546A CN102792802A CN 102792802 A CN102792802 A CN 102792802A CN 2012102795466 A CN2012102795466 A CN 2012102795466A CN 201210279546 A CN201210279546 A CN 201210279546A CN 102792802 A CN102792802 A CN 102792802A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge and relates to a method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil, and the method is used for solving the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, inconvenience in operation, pollution of atmospheric environment and waste of dewatered sludge resources when disposing of the dewatered sludge produced by sewage treatment plant. The method for modifying the soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: I, selecting land and digging a drainage ditch; II, applying the dewatered sludge from an urban sewage treatment plant to the soda saline-alkali soil land and planting alfalfa; III, turning over and pressing the alfalfa utilized as green manure on the soda saline-alkali soil land to be modified and applying the dewatered sludge from the urban sewage treatment plant for the second time; and IV, continuously repeating the steps II and III for two years for modification to finish the modification process of the soda saline-alkali soil land. The method disclosed by the invention can be applied to the field of urban sewage treatment engineering or the modification engineering of soda saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the method for soda type saline-alkali soil.
Background technology
The soda type saline-alkali soil that song-Nen plain extensively distributes has the double grading of salinization and alkalization, has had a strong impact on local agricultural production, and the improvement difficulty, has also wasted valuable land resources.The history of administering saline-alkali soil both at home and abroad is of long duration, and traditional reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method mainly contains physically improved method, chemical modifying method, biological modification method.Physically improved through draining flushing, measures such as soil moved in to improve the original improvement, chiselling earth, surface coverage, the separation layer structure of improving the soil, but the river construction measure that often need set up the investment costliness, and the expense that is used to safeguard is also very high.Chemical modifying mainly is to utilize chemical reagent to change the composition of soil colloid adsorptivity ion, mainly is that exchange causes the sodium ion of salinization of soil, thereby improves the physicochemical property of soil; Main modifying agent has gypsum, ferrous sulfate; Aluminum sulfate, humic acids, water-soluble polyacrylamide, physiological phenomenon fertilizer etc.; Though the chemical amendments instant effect has engineering cost height, effect can not wait shortcoming lastingly.Biological modification is generally believed it is valid approach the most; Biological modification is through proportion of crop planting, afforestation and green manuring herbage; Enlarging surface vegetation covers; Change the physical characteristic of soil gradually, increase the quantity of beneficial microbe population simultaneously, but the recovery of ecotope needs a very long process.
Utilizing trade waste improvement salt affected soil is the focus of paying close attention in the last few years; Like brown coal ore deposit by product (sulfur acid iron; A small amount of sulphur, gypsum and 35% organic matter), the waste residue of coal smoke desulfurization waste residue, phosphate fertilizer, or ettle, flyash, furfural dregs etc.; Not only improved effect is better, has also realized the recycling of refuse.As municipal sewage plant's accessory substance excess sludge just increase day by day along with the continuous increase of sewage treatment capacity; The safe disposal excess sludge has become the focus of concern; Also realize the resource of mud when the soil of excess sludge is utilized in disposing sludge, become the research focus and the important outlet of current Treatment of Sludge.
Wastewater treatment in China factory anaerobic digestion techniques is also immature, and main Treatment of Sludge mode is a mechanical dehydration, and the disposal of a large amount of dewatered sludges exists problems.First-selected at present method is through the biology aerobic composting technology with dewatered sludge; Process biological organic fertilizer and directly be used for the restoration of the ecosystem of farmland, orchard, afforestation or mine degraded land; But aerobic compost technology energy consumption is higher, and service condition control is complicated, thereby application is restricted; The method of next is a landfill disposal; Therefore the method also need drop into a large amount of freights and labour cost owing to can cause secondary pollution to need suitable place and transportation condition easily, and because dewatered sludge moisture content height; Be generally 75% ~ 85%, mechanically actuated is got up very inconvenient; Method once more is a burning disposal, and the method can produce a large amount of carbonic acid gas and toxic gas, and pollutant atmosphere is unfavorable for environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the dewatered sludge of existing sewage treatment plant generation when disposing, to have energy consumption height, expense height, operation inconvenience, pollutant atmosphere and waste dewatered sludge problem of resource, improves the method that threo form is beaten saline-alkali soil and propose a kind of dewatered sludge.
The method of a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil among the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
One, selects the saline and alkaline soil of soda type, after leveling land, respectively at the horizontal and vertical excavation drain ditch in this soil; The lateral separation is 5m, and longitudinal separation is 4m, and furrow width is 8cm ~ 12cm; Ditch depth 18cm ~ 22cm, with the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer;
Two, spring, get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 52% ~ 59%, presses 9.5kg/m
2~ 11.5kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land, plant the pale reddish brown lucerne of salt tolerant type green manure crop place then;
Three, gathered in preceding 30 days in finishing in current growth season, and 1/8 ~ 1/4 pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure is turned over pressure on the spot, and then apply sewage treatment plant dewater sludge to this saline and alkaline soil of piece soda type, amount of application is 4kg/m
2~ 6kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery and dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land mastery of passing the winter;
Four, next 2 years, repeating step two and step 3 were accomplished the improved, process to the saline and alkaline soil of soda type.
The dewatered sludge that theoretical foundation among the present invention produces for 1. municipal sewage plant is rich in the indispensable element C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, B, Mo of effective bioenergy and green manure plant growing etc.; Can improve soil nutrient, promote plant growing; 2. after green manure crop is manured into soil, also can directly increase soil nutrient, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping performance, strengthen soil buffer action, quicken desalination.3. contain organic matter, calcium ion, humic acid in the mud; Soil chemistry upgrade materials such as polyacrylamide can effectively reduce soil pH value and exchangeable sodium content, thereby the physicochemical property, the promotion soil microaggregate that improve soil form; Strengthen water retention in soil, avoid hardening; 4. the beneficial microbe colony in the mud can improve soil microbial activities; 5. improving sludge saline-alkali soil itself is an energy-conservation relatively processing mode, makes mud return the natural world material circulation, thus reduced to landfill space take and to second environmental pollution.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect:
One, adopt the inventive method Treating Municipal Sewage treatment plant dewatered sludge, energy consumption is low, expense is low, easy to operate, little to air environmental pollution, and the time is of short duration;
Two, contain organic matter, calcium ion, humic acid in the dewatered sludge that utilizes sewage treatment plant to produce; Soil chemistry upgrade materials such as polyacrylamide; Can effectively reduce soil pH value and exchangeable sodium content; Thereby the physicochemical property, the promotion soil microaggregate that improve soil form, and strengthen water retention in soil, avoid hardening;
Three, this method had both improved soda type saline-alkali soil, and the dewatered sludge that makes sewage treatment plant produce is again returned the natural world material circulation, effectively utilizes the dewatered sludge resource, reduced to landfill space take and to second environmental pollution.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the combination in any between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
One, selects the saline and alkaline soil of soda type, after leveling land, respectively at the horizontal and vertical excavation drain ditch in this soil; The lateral separation is 5m, and longitudinal separation is 4m, and furrow width is 8cm ~ 12cm; Ditch depth 18cm ~ 22cm, with the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer;
Two, spring, get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 52% ~ 59%, presses 9.5kg/m
2~ 11.5kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land, plant the pale reddish brown lucerne of salt tolerant type green manure crop place then;
Three, gathered in preceding 30 days in finishing in current growth season, and 1/8 ~ 1/4 pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure is turned over pressure on the spot, and then apply sewage treatment plant dewater sludge to this saline and alkaline soil of piece soda type, amount of application is 4kg/m
2~ 6kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery and dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land mastery of passing the winter;
Four, next 2 years, repeating step two and step 3 were accomplished the improved, process to the saline and alkaline soil of soda type.
The dewatered sludge that theoretical foundation among the present invention produces for 1. municipal sewage plant is rich in the indispensable element C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, B, Mo of effective bioenergy and green manure plant growing etc.; Can improve soil nutrient, promote plant growing; 2. after green manure crop is manured into soil, also can directly increase soil nutrient, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping performance, strengthen soil buffer action, quicken desalination.3. contain organic matter, calcium ion, humic acid in the mud; Soil chemistry upgrade materials such as polyacrylamide can effectively reduce soil pH value and exchangeable sodium content, thereby the physicochemical property, the promotion soil microaggregate that improve soil form; Strengthen water retention in soil, avoid hardening; 4. the beneficial microbe colony in the mud can improve soil microbial activities; 5. improving sludge saline-alkali soil itself is an energy-conservation relatively processing mode, makes mud return the natural world material circulation, thus reduced to landfill space take and to second environmental pollution.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect:
One, adopt the inventive method Treating Municipal Sewage treatment plant dewatered sludge, energy consumption is low, expense is low, easy to operate, little to air environmental pollution, and the time is of short duration;
Two, contain organic matter, calcium ion, humic acid in the dewatered sludge that utilizes sewage treatment plant to produce; Soil chemistry upgrade materials such as polyacrylamide; Can effectively reduce soil pH value and exchangeable sodium content; Thereby the physicochemical property, the promotion soil microaggregate that improve soil form, and strengthen water retention in soil, avoid hardening;
Three, this method had both improved soda type saline-alkali soil, and the dewatered sludge that makes sewage treatment plant produce is again returned the natural world material circulation, effectively utilizes the dewatered sludge resource, reduced to landfill space take and to second environmental pollution.
Embodiment two: what this embodiment and embodiment one were different is that furrow width is 9cm ~ 11cm in the step 1, ditch depth 19cm ~ 21cm, with the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what this embodiment and embodiment one were different is that furrow width is 10cm in the step 1, ditch depth 20cm, with the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: what this embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to three is to get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge in the step 2, and air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 54% ~ 58%.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: what this embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to three is to get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge in the step 2, and air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 56%.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment six: what this embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to four is by 10kg/m in the step 2
2~ 11kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment seven: what this embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to four is by 10.5kg/m in the step 2
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment eight: this embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to six is in the step 3 1/7 ~ 1/5 pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure to be turned over pressure on the spot.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment nine: this embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to eight is that the amount of application of dewatered sludge in the step 3 is 4.5kg/m
2~ 5.5kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: this embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to eight is that the amount of application of dewatered sludge in the step 3 is 5kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention, carried out following experiment:
Experiment one: a kind of method of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
Improve the soil and the green hill town head is sent out village's severe soda type saline-alkali soil for Harbin City, Heilungkiang Songbei District, in the dark soil of 0cm ~ 20cm, the unit weight that records soil is 1.625g/cm
3, moisture content is 13.75%, and the pH value is 9.33, and when the volume of soil quality/water=1/5, electrical conductivity EC is 1.43ms/cm, and cation exchange capacity is 13.08cmol/kg, [CO
3 2-]+[HCO
3 -]/[Cl
-]+[SO
4 2-]=0.58, the content of organic matter are 3%, and total nitrogen content is 0.07%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 80.69mg/kg, and total phosphorus content is 493.33mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 15.89mg/kg, and total potassium content is 20473.958mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 332.89mg/kg.
One, selects the 50m * saline and alkaline soil of 40m soda type, after leveling land, respectively at the horizontal and vertical excavation drain ditch in this soil; The lateral separation is 5m, and longitudinal separation is 4m, and furrow width is 10cm; Ditch depth 20cm, with the soil layer between the following 20cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer;
Two, spring, get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 56%, presses 10kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 20cm in the face of land to the face of land, plant the pale reddish brown lucerne of salt tolerant type green manure crop place then;
Three, gathered in preceding 30 days in finishing in current growth season, and 1/5 pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure is turned over pressure on the spot, and then apply sewage treatment plant dewater sludge to this saline and alkaline soil of piece soda type, amount of application is 5kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery and dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 20cm in the face of land to the face of land mastery of passing the winter;
Four, next 2 years, repeating step two and step 3 were accomplished the improved, process to the saline and alkaline soil of soda type.
Through the soil each item index of improvement after 1 year be: the bulk density of soil is 1.30g/cm
3, the pH value is 8.57, EC is 1.31ms/cm; Exchangeable sodium (ESP) content is 2213.23mg/kg, and cation exchange capacity is 15.21cmol/kg, and the content of organic matter is 3.3%; Total nitrogen content is 0.13%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 144.34mg/kg, and total phosphorus content is 513.79mg/kg; Available phosphorus contents is 49.12mg/kg, and total potassium content is 21721.22mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 374.75mg/kg.
Through the soil each item index of improvement after 2 years be: the improvement back bulk density of soil is 1.23g/cm3, and the pH value is 8.41, and EC is 1.31ms/cm; Exchangeable sodium (ESP) content is 2009.67mg/kg, and cation exchange capacity is 15.77cmol/kg, and the content of organic matter is 3.5%; Total nitrogen content is 0.15%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 273.22mg/kg, and total phosphorus content is 566.35mg/kg; Available phosphorus contents is 55.39mg/kg, and total potassium content is 21988.73mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 389.26mg/kg.
Through the soil each item index of improvement after 3 years be: the bulk density of soil is 1.19g/cm
3, the pH value is 8.02, EC is 1.275ms/cm; Exchangeable sodium (ESP) content is 1933.32mg/kg, and cation exchange capacity is 16.44cmol/kg, and the content of organic matter is about 3.9%; Total nitrogen content is 0.17%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 358.51mg/kg, and total phosphorus content is 598.26mg/kg; Available phosphorus contents is 69.77mg/kg, and total potassium content is 22311.34mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 408.83mg/kg.
Can find out; After soda type saline-alkali soil being carried out the transformation in 3 years with dewatered sludge; The bulk density of soil and soil pH value obviously descend, and exchangeable sodium (ESP) content also descends to some extent, and cation exchange capacity increases; The content of organic matter, total phosphorus content and total potassium content all obviously improve, and improved soil can be planted alkali tolerance crops such as Chinese sorghum.
Claims (10)
1. the method for dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil is characterized in that it realizes through following steps:
One, selects the saline and alkaline soil of soda type, after leveling land, respectively at the horizontal and vertical excavation drain ditch in this soil; The lateral separation is 5m, and longitudinal separation is 4m, and furrow width is 8cm ~ 12cm; Ditch depth 18cm ~ 22cm, with the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer;
Two, spring, get sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 52% ~ 59%, presses 9.5kg/m
2~ 11.5kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land, plant the pale reddish brown lucerne of salt tolerant type green manure crop place then;
Three, gathered in preceding 30 days in finishing in current growth season, and 1/8 ~ 1/4 pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure is turned over pressure on the spot, and then apply sewage treatment plant dewater sludge to this saline and alkaline soil of piece soda type, amount of application is 4kg/m
2~ 6kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery and dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 15cm ~ 20cm in the face of land to the face of land mastery of passing the winter;
Four, next 2 years, repeating step two and step 3 were accomplished the improved, process to the saline and alkaline soil of soda type.
2. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that furrow width is 9cm ~ 11cm in the step 1, ditch depth 19cm ~ 21cm, with the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer.
3. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that furrow width is 10cm in the step 1, ditch depth 20cm, with the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land as the improvement soil layer.
4. like the method for claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil, it is characterized in that getting in the step 2 sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 54% ~ 58%.
5. like the method for claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil, it is characterized in that getting in the step 2 sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, air-dry airing to dewatered sludge water content is 56%.
6. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that in the step 2 by 10kg/m
2~ 11kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land.
7. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that in the step 2 by 10.5kg/m
2Amount of application, dewatered sludge is put on this soda type saline-alkali soil on the ground, adopt machinery to turn over mixing method dewatered sludge turned over to the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land.
8. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that in the step 3 that the pale reddish brown lucerne Su Zuowei green manure with 1/7 ~ 1/5 turns over pressure on the spot.
9. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 8, the amount of application that it is characterized in that dewatered sludge in the step 3 is 4.5kg/m
2~ 5.5kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 17cm ~ 19cm in the face of land to the face of land.
10. the method for a kind of dewatered sludge improvement soda type saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 8, the amount of application that it is characterized in that dewatered sludge in the step 3 is 5kg/m
2, and turn over mixing method with machinery dewatered sludge is turned over to the soil layer between the following 18cm in the face of land to the face of land.
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CN103641518A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 上海老港废弃物处置有限公司 | Compounded sludge for planting fresh flowers |
CN104718835A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-24 | 河北联合大学 | Method for assisting in ecological restoration of tailings through alfalfa green manure and planting alfalfa |
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