CN106223265A - A kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method - Google Patents
A kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106223265A CN106223265A CN201610704715.4A CN201610704715A CN106223265A CN 106223265 A CN106223265 A CN 106223265A CN 201610704715 A CN201610704715 A CN 201610704715A CN 106223265 A CN106223265 A CN 106223265A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method, its step: A, regional choice；B, the broken smooth compacting in face；C, eco-concrete build, and river sand, rubble, cement, water, admixture and chemical addition agent stir mixing in proportion and build；D, improvement soil processing, red soil is mixed into mineral and chip；Substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem below E, ordinary water level, lay eco-concrete component；Substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem between F, ordinary water level and flood level, lay cast-in-place eco-concrete；The above substrate improvement of G, flood level and restoration of the ecosystem, lay stone；It is implanted into soil at concrete hole and stone gap and plants vegetation；H, embankment bottom substrate are improved and restoration of the ecosystem, lay sandy loam and plant vegetation；I, maintenance and management.Easy to operate, investment and operational management low cost, it is achieved firm embankment, Afforestation Landscape, retain the multiple effects such as pollution, there is important environment, Social and economic benef@.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological restoration of lakes field, be more particularly to a kind of substrate for windward side embankment and improve with raw
The method that state is repaired, is suitable for lake, river, reservoir, the substrate improvement of Deng Ju windward side, pond embankment and restoration of the ecosystem.
Background technology
Domestic at water body water front many structures hard embankment that is that have windward side or that have bigger scouring capability, its objective is to prevent
The effect of stormy waves causes the soil matrix within embankment to suffer erosion, naughty sky even subsides, it is ensured that the steadiness of embankment.But,
Hard embankment is difficult to the growth of vegetation and the breeding of meiofauna, thus causes vegetation rare, and species diversity is relatively low, ecosystem
System fragility, ecoscape weak effect, almost nil to the buffer capacity of the pollutant flowing through embankment, thus affect shore bank band water body
Water quality and ecosystem.The total development trend of embankment is engineering protection and vegetation repair to be combined, wherein for slope body surface
Face local buckling, easily slip the side slope collapsed, easily wash away, the most all use three-dimensional earthwork, GSZ, geonet, geotechnical grid
Combine with the engineering measures such as mortar flag stone sash skeleton and vegetative protection.For deep layer unstability, easily produce the side slope on landslide,
Then use armored concrete to form framework, combine with slope vegetation protection with the engineering measure of anchor pole or anchor cable reinforcing side slope, but dike
Often there is contradiction in the steadiness of bank and phytoremediation.The novel embankment grown up with eco-concrete for important carrier at present
Technology is extensively applied, and has an advantage in that possessing wind wave prevention washes in a pan erosion, high water-permeability and porosity, high-stability, plants natural disposition, easily
In forming microbial film, being prone to plant root system development growth etc., can be while stable embankment, the most beneficially growth of vegetation is numerous
Grow.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the side that there are provided a kind of substrate improvement for water body windward side embankment with restoration of the ecosystem
Method, is optimized improvement to traditional eco-concrete formula, gives full play to the cast-in-place respective advantage with module of eco-concrete,
Thus improve the materialization of eco-concrete largely and plant natural disposition energy.Simultaneously to the base in eco-concrete hole or module
Matter is improved, the organic original position soil that activity is high and adsorption site is many of screening and can effectively absorb phosphorus and root system or residuum has
Help the indigenous vegetation pattern of Denitrification.On this basis, take into account between eco-concrete, original position soil, vegetation three
Mutual relation, three's reasonably optimizing is combined and is applied to windward side embankment difference height of water level and break the Ecological Restoration Project in face
In, fully demonstrate features such as planting natural disposition, steadiness, view, harmony.The method is applied to windward side embankment both can consolidate dike
Bank, can afforest again embankment, and it is low effectively to intercept nutrition, construction costs and maintenance cost, has important application value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method, the steps include:
1, regional choice.Engineering construction region should select stormy waves relatively big (4-6 level wind) or wash away stronger embankment (lake, water
Storehouse, river etc.), possess engineering construction condition near embankment: the embankment gradient between 15-55 degree, possess work car (trucd mixer,
Transport vehicle etc.) Active workings and road (generally individually can)；
2, the broken smooth compacting in face.Finishing embankment is domatic, reaches smooth purpose, embankment soil is carried out ground compacting, really simultaneously
Soil conservation earth breaks face and consolidates, and the embankment gradient is preferred with 1:2-1:1；
3, eco-concrete builds.Mixing match, each composition and ratio is carried out according to component ratio each in eco-concrete
For: river sand 300-350kg, particle diameter is the rubble 900-1000kg of 10-20mm, cement (P.O42.5R) 180-200kg, water 40-
50L, admixture 45-50kg, select flyash and slag etc., chemical addition agent 30-35kg, select polymerized emulsion, sulfomethylated lignin
Hydrochlorate, molasses etc..By stirring and evenly mixing rear section (concrete ratio roots such as river sand, rubble, cement, water, admixture, chemical addition agents
Depending on eco-concrete component and cast-in-place eco-concrete institute expense) add in the spherical prefabricated section of eco-concrete, ball
It is attached with Φ 18 reinforcing bar after molding, between spheroid, forms the square hole of length about 98-102mm, after ecological concrete setting
Remove prefabricated section, naturally dry, maintenance more than 30 days, less than 50 days, form eco-concrete component.Partly (specifically than
Depending on example is according to eco-concrete component and cast-in-place eco-concrete institute expense) eco-concrete of stirring and evenly mixing continues to employ making
Cast-in-place eco-concrete；
4, improvement soil processing.The local original position soil of screening, such as red soil, brown-red soil, yellow earth etc., and changes original position soil
Good, interpolation is a small amount of, and (soil with ore quality ratio is: 10-30:1) natural crystal (based on iron content, manganese, aluminum, calcium etc.), such as square solution
Stone, ferrimanganic granule, zeolite, Kaolin etc., add that a small amount of (soil and chip mass ratio be: 50-150:1) organic debris simultaneously
(based on plant refuse), such as straw chip, wood flour, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse etc., by original position soil, natural minerals and chip
Example (100-150:5-10:1-2) in mass ratio mixes stand-by；
5, (0.8-1.0m) substrate improvement below ordinary water level and restoration of the ecosystem.Ecological coagulation is laid in the following water bottom of ordinary water level
Soil component, a length of 1-3m, before laying, improvement soil need to be implanted in eco-concrete component, and insert water-retaining agent, delay
Electuary, organic fertilizer and trace element etc., implantation depth is 10-20cm, plants vegetation in eco-concrete in advance simultaneously
In component, kind is phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, again power are colored, Canna generalis Bailey is therein a kind of or the combination in any etc. of two to four kinds, treats that vegetation is raw
When length is stable and root system is connected as a single entity with soil and eco-concrete, re-lay eco-concrete component；At eco-concrete structure
The corner of part and embankment lays large-scale stone, a length of 0.5-1m, and the macro that development can grow on rock, such as bristle
Algae, filamentous algae, water silk floss etc.；
Described organic fertilizer is mainly derived from plant and (or) animal, and imposing on soil to provide plant nutrient is its major function
Carbonaceous material.Through biological substance, animals and plants garbage, plant residue processing, rich in a large amount of benefit materials, can not only be
Crops provide full nutrition, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and update the soil organism, promote microbial reproduction, improve soil
Physicochemical property and biological activity, be the Main Nutrients of pollution-free food production, main source is that human and animal excreta, straw, animal are residual
Body, slaughterhouse garbage etc., kind includes cake fertilizer (rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, soybean cake, sesame-send cake, Semen Ricini cake, tea seed cake etc.), heap
Fertile, make compost, barnyard manure, natural pond fertilizer, green manure etc..
Described trace element is that relative Main elements (such as N P and K etc.) divides, mainly include ferrum, boron, arsenic, manganese,
The elements such as copper, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, source mainly trace-element fertilizer, such as boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, copper fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer or compound fertilizer.
Described water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, and it is the functional high molecule material that a kind of water absorbing capacity is the strongest.Nothing
Poison is harmless, repeatedly releases water, water suction, and the most agriculturally people liken " miniature reservoir " to it.Meanwhile, it can also absorb fertilizer,
Pesticide also slowly discharges, and increases fertilizer efficiency, drug effect.Super absorbent resin is widely used in agricultural, forestry, gardening, construction material；?
Industrial aspect can be widely applied to petrochemical industry, cable, papermaking, sensor, fire extinguishing appliance, fibre, cosmetics, food guarantor
Fresh, expansion toy etc..
Described buffer agent can be used to control under high-temperature high-pressure state, or under normal temperature and pressure, gas or liquid fugacity
Solid compositions, it can be solid-state can also be liquid.Buffer agent in Chemical Engineering is frequently referred to ph stability agent, and one
As be salt, such as strong acid weak base or weak acid strong alkali salt class, gradually disengage the acid in salt or alkali to keep steady in reaction or in preserving
Fixed pH-value.
6, substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem between ordinary water level (0.8-1.0m) and flood level (3.8-4.0m).Ordinary water level with
Lay cast-in-place eco-concrete, a length of 3-5m between flood level, leave when eco-concrete is cast-in-place or manufacture hole, will change
Good soil and water-retaining agent, buffer agent, organic fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed are implanted in the hole of cast-in-place eco-concrete,
Implantation depth is 10-20cm, and vegetation type has phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, Bermuda grass, horse Flos Nelumbinis one therein or combination in any etc.；
7, flood level above substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem.More than flood level laying stone-laying stone, a length of 4-10m, stone stitches
Gap is implanted into improvement soil, organic fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed etc., vegetation type have Fructus Lycii, Flos Lonicerae, Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis, thousand
Bend the therein a kind of or combination in any of two to eight kinds such as dish, Herba Erigerontis aceris grass, Hemarthria compressa, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, annual bluegrass；
8, embankment bottom substrate is improved and restoration of the ecosystem.Local sandy loam two sections is laid at embankment top on the basis of original soil,
A length of 1-3m, lays granular-type road, a length of 1-2m between sandy loam.On sandy loam plant Flos Jasmini Nudiflori, Flos Celosiae Cristatae, yellow flag,
Flos Chrysanthemi Indicis etc. are therein a kind of or the ornamental flower of the combination in any of two to four kinds, simultaneously granular-type road planted on two sides willow,
Cortex Populi dividianae, Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng etc. have the plant of happiness water characteristic；
9, maintenance and management.Take certain maintenance management measure: 1) make regular check on (monthly) and safeguard that embankment breaks the steady of face
Solidity；2) structural intergrity of regular (once a year) Inspection and maintenance eco-concrete, has seen whether cracking or broken situation；
3) the regular soil in (once a year) maintenance module or hole, whether observation soil has disappearance；4) periodically (monthly) ties up
Pillar reason vegetation, guard key insect and the anthropic factor destruction to vegetation.After vegetation is become feeble and die, harvesting is arranged to remove.
The enforcement of the method is expected to reach that windward side bank structure is solid and reliable, vegetation coverage and multiformity is high, pollute
The multipurposes such as interdiction capability is strong, landscape effect is good, it is achieved windward side embankment plant natural disposition, steadiness, view, harmony complete
U.S. unified, and construction investment is low, is easy to implement, operation expense almost can be disregarded, and has important application prospect.The party
Method is applied on the embankment of Country Garden Residential Quarter, Chaohu and little Zhe Gao He, and current bank structure consolidates, and does not occurs that breakage is caved in
Etc. situation, eco-concrete structural integrity, dependable performance, vegetation coverage reaches more than 90%, and biodiversity index improves
50%.
The present invention has the advantage that and effect compared with the prior art:
1, eco-concrete physical and chemical performance is increased dramatically.This eco-concrete is by low alkalinity cement, coarse aggregate, water conservation material
Material etc. is made according to special process, has good continuous water-permeable and air permeable, it is ensured that aqueous vapor circulates.The porous of its structure is true
Protect excellent drainage permeable performance, plant natural disposition energy and the performance that purifies water, be conducive to root system of plant the most raw in conjunction with its low alkalinity
Length is shuttled back and forth in the space of eco-concrete.Although comparing its hardness of normal concrete and intensity be the poorest, but this not affecting ecology
Concrete is at the steadiness of windward side.The durability of this eco-concrete is confirmed, does not finds disrepair phenomenon so far.With
Time, the water-permeable and air permeable of this eco-concrete and improvement the fertile of soil make microorganism, aufwuch, microbial film and petty action
Thing lives in its rough surface or continuous gap or in soil, maintains diversity of organism, has the most raw
State effect；
2, eco-concrete pollution interception function emerges from.Eco-concrete has less aperture and bigger specific surface area,
Therefore having good filtration and adsorption function, the rainwater flowed through is purified.Can be with the hydrogen-oxygen of dissolution in eco-concrete
Changing calcium, aluminium hydroxide etc. is a kind of inorganic coagulant, and the de-steady rear flocculation postprecipitation of the colloidal substance in water can be made to get off.Ecological
The loose structure of concrete provides the living environment being suitable to growth of microorganism, has substantial amounts of antibacterial to perch on its surface and inside
Procreation, aerobic and the Anaerobic Bacteria such as including nitrifier, methane backeria, denitrifier, contribute to interception and the removal of nutrition；
3, original position soil improvement is substantially improved and plants natural disposition and pollute interdiction capability.Original position soil screening Phos composition is low and organic
Red soil that matter is higher, brown-red soil, yellow earth etc., and it is aided with natural adsorption ore and natural organic debris, this had both reduced Phos and had entered
Enter the probability of water body, increase again phosphorus adsorption site and effectiveness, strengthen the ability of denitrification denitrogenation simultaneously, reach at utmost
Intercept nutrition and enter the effect in lake；
4, the feature that the prominent original inhabitants of vegetation screening and nutrition are cut down.In the screening of vegetation, based on original inhabitants vegetation, take into account and have
Strong alimentation and the function of denitrification denitrogenation, embody the effects such as property, landscape effect, nutrition reduction in situ；
5, the complex optimum application of multiple different field technology.The method be integrated with substrate improving environment, eco-concrete technology,
Technology, technology for recovering vegetation etc. are cut down in substrate nutrition, give full play to the steadiness of eco-concrete and water-permeable and air permeable, substrate
Plant natural disposition and nutrition reduction technology, the water purification technology of vegetation, efficient coupling eco-concrete-three kinds of original position soil-vegetation
Between relation, reach firm and plant the multiple effect that raw and nutrition is cut down；
6, first eco-concrete improvement-original position soil improvement-revegetation integrated technology is applied to the embankment that stormy waves is bigger
In.The existing more report of eco-concrete bulkhead tech application at home and abroad, but be mostly for highway, hill slope, river
In the region that stormy waves is less, seldom it is applied in the embankment that stormy waves is bigger.The present invention abundant windward side embankment stormy waves washes in a pan more greatly erosion
Serious feature, carries out improved treatment to traditional eco-concrete performance so that it is possesses wind wave prevention and washes in a pan erosion, high water-permeability and hole
Porosity, high-stability, plant many performances such as natural disposition, take into full account between eco-concrete, original position soil, vegetation three simultaneously
Relation is optimized combination application；
7, the present invention applies on Country Garden Residential Quarter, Chaohu (superannuated ship length is to Wang family's mouth) and the embankment of little Zhe Gao He, the most every
Index operational excellence and stable, bank structure consolidates, and does not occurs that breakage such as is caved at the situation, eco-concrete structural integrity, performance
Reliably, vegetation coverage reaches more than 90%, and biodiversity index improves 50%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method schematic diagram.
Wherein: in 1-eco-concrete component, 2-eco-concrete component on vegetation, the large-scale stone of 3-, the large-scale stone of 4-
Vegetation, 7-stone-laying stone, 8-stone-laying stone seam in attachment vegetation, the cast-in-place eco-concrete of 5-, 6-cast-in-place eco-concrete hole
Vegetation, 13-granular-type road on vegetation, 11-sandy loam, 12-sandy loam on vegetation, 9-sandy loam, 10-sandy loam in gap.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
1 couple of present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of substrate improvement for windward side embankment and ecological restoring method, the steps include:
1, regional choice.Engineering construction region should select stormy waves relatively big or wash away stronger embankment (lake, reservoir, river etc.),
Possess engineering construction condition near embankment: the embankment gradient between 15 or 20 or 25 or 30 or 35 or 40 or 45 or 50 or 55 degree,
Possess work car (trucd mixer, transport vehicle etc.) Active workings and road；
2, the broken smooth compacting in face.Finishing embankment is domatic, reaches smooth purpose, embankment soil is carried out ground compacting, really simultaneously
Soil conservation earth breaks face and consolidates, and the embankment gradient is preferred with 1:2-1:1；
3, eco-concrete builds.Mixing match, each composition and ratio is carried out according to component ratio each in eco-concrete
For river sand 300 or 310 or 320 or 330 or 340 or 350kg, particle diameter be 10 13 or the rubble 900 of 15 or 18 or 20mm or
940 or 980 or 1000kg, cement (P.O42.5R) 180 or 185 or 190 or 195 or 200kg, water 40 or 45 or 50L, admixture
45 or 48 or 50kg, it is main for selecting flyash and slag, to improve intensity and the basicity in reduction hole of eco-concrete.Chemistry
Additive 30 or 33 or 35kg, selects and has efficient diminishing and the polymerized emulsion of adhesion-promoting toughening effect, lignosulfonates, molasses
Deng, to improve the gelatinization results of cementing material.After the stirring and evenly mixings such as river sand, rubble, cement, water, admixture, chemical addition agent
Partly add eco-concrete to (depending on concrete ratio is according to eco-concrete component and cast-in-place eco-concrete institute expense)
In spherical prefabricated section, single bulb diameter 250 mm, in ball, the through hole of reserved three-dimensional, (need to prevent with Φ 18 reinforcing bar after ball forming
Corrosion processes) it is attached, form the square hole of length about 98 or 100 or 102 mm between spheroid, after ecological concrete setting
Remove prefabricated section, naturally dry, maintenance more than 30 days, less than 50 days, form eco-concrete component 1.After maintenance, ecology is mixed
Solidifying soil comprcssive strength is up to 15 or 20 or 25 or 30 MPa, and porosity is up to 20 or 24 or 28 or 30%, and coefficient of permeability reaches 1.5
Or 2 or 2.4 or 2.7 or 3.0 cm/s, there is good water penetration and breathability.The interpolation of admixture makes inside eco-concrete
PH value between 8 or 9 or 10, for low alkalinity ecological concrete.Partly (concrete ratio is according to eco-concrete component and cast-in-place
Depending on eco-concrete institute expense) eco-concrete of stirring and evenly mixing continues to employ the cast-in-place eco-concrete 5 of making；
4, improvement soil processing.The local organic original position soil that activity is high and adsorption site is many of screening, as red soil, brown-red soil,
Yellow earth etc., and original position soil is improved, add a small amount of (soil with ore quality ratio is: 10 or 15 or 20 or 25 or 30:1)
Natural crystal, such as calcite, ferrimanganic granule, zeolite, Kaolin etc., add simultaneously a small amount of (soil with chip mass ratio is: 50 or
70 or 90 or 110 or 130 or 150:1) organic debris, such as one therein such as straw chip, wood flour, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse or
The combination in any of two to four kinds, mixes original position soil, natural minerals and chip example in mass ratio (100-150:5-10:1-2)
Stand-by；
5, ordinary water level (0.8-1.0m) following substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem.Ecology is laid mixed in ordinary water level less than 14 water bottom
Solidifying soil component 1, a length of 1 or 1.5 or 2 or 2.6 or 3m, before laying, improvement soil need to be implanted to eco-concrete component
In, and insert water-retaining agent, buffer agent, organic fertilizer and trace element etc., implantation depth is 10 or 15 or 20cm, will plant simultaneously
Being planted in advance in eco-concrete component by 2, vegetation 2 kind is the one therein such as phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, again power flower, Canna generalis Bailey
Or the combination in any of two to four kinds, when vegetation growth is stable and root system is connected as a single entity with soil and eco-concrete, re-lay
Eco-concrete component 1, water-bed concrete component can effectively prevent the stormy waves impact to water bottom, treat on eco-concrete
Can purify the pollutant in water body after forming biomembrane, the loose structure of eco-concrete can be zooplankton simultaneously
Suitable living environment and vivosphere is provided etc. aquatic animal；Lay big at eco-concrete component 1 with the corner of embankment
Type stone 3, a length of 0.5-1m, Main Function is the substrate landing preventing upper strata, and the vegetation 4 at this selects to give birth on rock
Long macro, such as bristle algae etc.；
6, substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem between ordinary water level (0.8-1.0m) and flood level (3.8-4.0m).At ordinary water level 14 and flood
Cast-in-place eco-concrete 5, a length of 3 or 3.5 or 4 or 4.6 or 5m(is laid according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION between water level 15), mix in ecology
Solidifying native cast-in-place time leave or manufacture hole, will improvement soil and water-retaining agent, buffer agent, organic fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed
Being implanted in the hole of cast-in-place eco-concrete 5, implantation depth is 10 or 15 or 20cm, and the kind of vegetation 6 selects from bottom to top
There are the therein a kind of or combination in any of two to four kinds such as phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, Bermuda grass, horse Flos Nelumbinis；
7, flood level above substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem.Flood level more than 15 lays stone-laying stone 7, a length of 4 or 5 or 6 or 7
Or 8 or 9 or 10m(according to embankment length), stone gap is implanted into improvement soil, organic fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed
Deng, vegetation 8 kind has the one therein such as Fructus Lycii, Flos Lonicerae, Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Herba Erigerontis aceris grass, Hemarthria compressa, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, annual bluegrass
Or the combination in any of two to eight kinds, grass fills and combines；
8, embankment bottom substrate is improved and restoration of the ecosystem.Embankment top lays local sandy loam 9 and sand on the basis of original soil
Earth 11, length is respectively 2 or 2.5 or 3m and 1 or 1.5 or 2m, lays granular-type road 10, length between sandy loam 9 and sandy loam 11
It is 1 or 1.5 or 2m.Plant vegetation 10 and vegetation 12 on sandy loam, kind be Flos Jasmini Nudiflori, Flos Celosiae Cristatae, yellow flag, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici etc. wherein
A kind of or combination in any ornamental flower of two to four kinds, have in granular-type road 13 planted on two sides willow, Cortex Populi dividianae, Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng etc. simultaneously
The plant of water characteristic in the family way, the root system of they prosperities consolidating sandy loam granule increases the stability of embankment；
9, maintenance and management.Take certain maintenance management measure: 1) make regular check on (monthly) and safeguard that embankment breaks the steady of face
Solidity；2) structural intergrity of regular (once a year) Inspection and maintenance eco-concrete, has seen whether cracking or broken situation,
If pinpointing the problems, change in time；3) the regular soil in (once a year) maintenance module or hole, whether observation soil has scarce
Lose, if lacking moisture or nutrition etc., if pinpointing the problems, supplementing in time；4) regular (monthly) maintenance management vegetation, emphasis
Taking precautions against the insect destruction to vegetation, in the insect pest multiple phase, periodically laxative (Bravo, Mancozeb, triadimefon, phoxim baythion etc.) is prevented
Insect pest.Avoid extraneous anthropic factor to the destruction of vegetation and damage simultaneously.After vegetation is become feeble and die, harvesting is arranged to remove.
The enforcement of the method is expected to solve the problem that windward side embankment easily subsides and species diversity is poor, reaches windward side
Bank structure is solid and reliable, vegetation coverage and multiformity high, pollute the multipurposes such as interdiction capability is strong, landscape effect is good, reality
The perfect unity of natural disposition, steadiness, view, harmony planted by existing windward side embankment, and construction investment is low, is easy to implement, and runs
Maintenance cost almost can be disregarded, and has important application prospect.
Claims (1)
1., for substrate improvement and the ecological restoring method of windward side embankment, the steps include:
A, regional choice: engineering construction region should select stormy waves 4-6 level wind or the embankment washed away, possess engineering real near embankment
Executing condition, the embankment gradient, between 15-55 degree, possesses work car Active workings and road；
B, the broken smooth compacting in face: finishing embankment is domatic, reaches smooth, embankment soil is carried out ground compacting, it is ensured that soil simultaneously
Broken face consolidates, and the embankment gradient is with 1:2-1:1；
C, eco-concrete build: carry out mixing match, each composition and ratio according to component ratio each in eco-concrete
For: river sand 300-350kg, particle diameter is the rubble 900-1000kg of 10-20mm, cement 180-200kg, water 40-50L, admixture
45-50kg, selects flyash and slag, chemical addition agent 30-35kg, selects polymerized emulsion, lignosulfonates, molasses, will
Add in the spherical prefabricated section of eco-concrete after river sand, rubble, cement, water, admixture, chemical addition agent stirring and evenly mixing, ball
It is attached with Φ 18 reinforcing bar after molding, between spheroid, forms the square hole of length 98-102mm, tear open after ecological concrete setting
Except prefabricated section, naturally dry, maintenance more than 30 days, less than 50 days, form eco-concrete component, the ecology of stirring and evenly mixing
The cast-in-place eco-concrete of making continued to employ by concrete；
D, improvement soil processing: screening original position soil: red soil, brown-red soil, yellow earth, and original position soil is improved, add sky
So Ore: calcite, ferrimanganic granule, zeolite, Kaolin, simultaneously added with machine chip: straw chip, wood flour, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Slag, mixes original position soil, natural minerals and chip example 100-150:5-10:1-2 in mass ratio；
Substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem below e, ordinary water level: lay eco-concrete component in the following water bottom of ordinary water level, long
Degree is 1-3m, before laying, is implanted in eco-concrete component by improvement soil, and inserts water-retaining agent, buffer agent, fertilizer
Material and trace element, implantation depth is 10-20cm, is planted in advance in eco-concrete component by vegetation simultaneously, and kind is
Phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, again power are colored, Canna generalis Bailey is therein a kind of or the combination in any of two to four kinds, treat that vegetation growth is stable and root system with
Soil and eco-concrete are connected as a single entity, and re-lay eco-concrete component；Corner at eco-concrete component Yu embankment
Lay stone, a length of 0.5-1m；
Substrate improvement and restoration of the ecosystem between f, ordinary water level and flood level: between ordinary water level and flood level, lay cast-in-place ecology mix
Solidifying soil, a length of 3-5m, leaves when eco-concrete is cast-in-place or manufactures hole, by improvement soil and water-retaining agent, buffer agent, having
Machine fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed are implanted in the hole of cast-in-place eco-concrete, and implantation depth is 10-20cm, vegetation kind
Class has phragmites communis, Herba Typhae, Bermuda grass, horse Flos Nelumbinis one therein or combination in any；
The above substrate improvement of g, flood level and restoration of the ecosystem: more than flood level laying stone-laying stone, a length of 4-10m, stone stitches
Gap be implanted into improvement soil, organic fertilizer, trace element, vegetation seed, vegetation type have Fructus Lycii, Flos Lonicerae, Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis, thousand bend
Dish, Herba Erigerontis aceris grass, Hemarthria compressa, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, annual bluegrass be therein a kind of or the combination in any of two to eight kinds；
H, embankment bottom substrate are improved and restoration of the ecosystem: embankment top lays sandy loam two sections, length on the basis of original soil
For 1-3m, between sandy loam, lay granular-type road, a length of 1-2m, sandy loam is planted Flos Jasmini Nudiflori, Flos Celosiae Cristatae, yellow flag, Herba Dendranthematis indici
Spend the therein a kind of or combination in any of two to four kinds, granular-type road planted on two sides willow, Cortex Populi dividianae, the plant of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng；
J, maintenance and management: take maintenance management measure: 1) make regular check on: monthly, safeguard that embankment breaks the steadiness in face；2)
The structural intergrity of annual Inspection and maintenance eco-concrete, observes cracking or broken situation；3) annual maintenance module
Or the soil in hole, observe soil disappearance；4) monthly maintenance management vegetation, takes precautions against insect and anthropic factor to vegetation
Destroy, after vegetation is become feeble and die, arrange harvesting to remove.
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| CN107915370A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-17 | 浙江海逸环境治理技术有限公司 | A kind of river and lake water environment pollution in-situ remediation method |
| CN107996058A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-08 | 合肥郑国生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for recovering the economic vegetation of protective embankments in lakeside areas ditch pool system ecology |
| CN108252267A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 河海大学 | Hard concrete canal ecology remodeling method and its ecological hard concrete canal |
| CN108374391A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-07 | 北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司 | One kind is for river flood plain section LP blades bank protection method |
| CN109168384A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to carry out arid and semi-arid lands's prevention and control of soil erosion method using ornamental plant |
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| CN111188221A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-22 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Felt mat for improving coastal saline soil, preparation method of felt mat and improvement method of coastal saline soil |
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| CN107915370A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-17 | 浙江海逸环境治理技术有限公司 | A kind of river and lake water environment pollution in-situ remediation method |
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| CN108252267A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 河海大学 | Hard concrete canal ecology remodeling method and its ecological hard concrete canal |
| CN108374391A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-07 | 北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司 | One kind is for river flood plain section LP blades bank protection method |
| CN109168384A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to carry out arid and semi-arid lands's prevention and control of soil erosion method using ornamental plant |
| CN109168384B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-11-16 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating water and soil loss in arid and semi-arid regions by using garden plants |
| CN109328515A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A kind of south rice soil undisturbed relocation and corresponding restorative procedure |
| CN111188221A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-22 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Felt mat for improving coastal saline soil, preparation method of felt mat and improvement method of coastal saline soil |
| CN111188221B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-05-06 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Felt mat for improving coastal saline soil, preparation method of felt mat and improvement method of coastal saline soil |
| CN115688636A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江远算科技有限公司 | Atmospheric environmental pollution remediation simulation method and system based on computational fluid dynamics |
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