CN104276882A - Combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium bacteria and preparation method and application of combined fertilizer synergist - Google Patents
Combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium bacteria and preparation method and application of combined fertilizer synergist Download PDFInfo
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- CN104276882A CN104276882A CN201410446633.5A CN201410446633A CN104276882A CN 104276882 A CN104276882 A CN 104276882A CN 201410446633 A CN201410446633 A CN 201410446633A CN 104276882 A CN104276882 A CN 104276882A
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- solubilizing bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium bacteria. The combined fertilizer synergist comprises the following components in proportion: phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacteria and polyglutamic acid at the mass ratio of (0.1-1) to (0.1-1) to (0.001-0.1). The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the fertilizer synergist. The phosphate solubilizing bacteria disclosed by the invention are capable of effectively releasing phosphate anions (PO4<3+>) in soil or fertilizer; the potassium bacteria are capable of effectively releasing potassium ions (K<+>) in the soil or fertilizer; after being compounded with the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium bacteria, the polyglutamic acid not only can provide a good growth environment for survival of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium bacteria, but also can fully chelate nutrient elements released by the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the potassium bacteria; and due to the synergistic effect, the effect of solubilizing phosphate and potassium is relatively outstanding, therefore the combined fertilizer synergist can be cooperatively used together with fertilizers, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, and the combined fertilizer synergist can also be directly fertilized as a bacterial manure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria and its preparation method and application, belong to biologic product technology field.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer plays more and more important effect in modern agricultural production.China is fertilizer application big country, and annual consumption more than 5,000 ten thousand tons, is agricultural development and increases in grain production, has made important contribution.But the chemical fertilizer of Use out of range not only causes a large amount of financial loss, bring many adverse consequencess, as problems such as soil compaction, pollution of agricultural products, water pollution and Greenhouse effect also to our living environment simultaneously.How effectively to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer application amount and become emphasis problem in the urgent need to address in China's agricultural development.
Fertilizer synergist is that one can regulate soil physico-chemical property, improves the Novel rural chemical preparation that crop absorbs fertilizer nutrient, utilizes, and it has long-lasting, the steady validity of fertilizer and the building performance of micro-fertilizer of bio-fertilizer.In recent years, the research of polymkeric substance as fertilizer synergist is got more and more.High molecular polymer fertilizer synergist has the advantages such as addition is few, use cost is low, growth-promoting successful.
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria can decompose the indissoluble Phosphate minerals in soil, and the organic matter discharging phosphorus wherein or decompose in soil, becomes the inorganic phosphorus that plant can absorb by organophosphorus, thus provides available phosphorus element for crop.
Potassium solubilizing bacteria is isolated a kind of bacterium that can break up aluminosilicate and phosphorus ash stone mineral from soil, can as microbial fertilizer, can the insoluble aluminosilicate inorganic mineral substance such as decomposing of potassium feldspar, phosphatic rock, promote that the nutrient element such as potassium, phosphorus, silicon, magnesium of insoluble changes into soluble nutrient, increase the content of available nutrient in soil, promote crop growth, improve output.
Polyglutamic acid contains terminal amine and multiple COO
-group, the NH of nitrogenous fertilizer
4 +, the PO in phosphate fertilizer
4 3+, K in potash fertilizer
+, the Ca of element fertilizer
2+, Mg
2+, Zn
2+etc. directly and the carboxyl site of polyglutamic acid and amide group site bonding, water miscible, stable polyglutamate being formed, slowly for plant growth provides nutrition.Phosphate solubilizing bacteria effectively can discharge the PO in soil or fertilizer
4 3+, potassium solubilizing bacteria effectively can discharge the K in soil or fertilizer
+collaborative reciprocal effects can be produced after polyglutamic acid and phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria compound, more good growing environment can not only be provided for the existence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, can also the abundant nutritive element that discharges of chelating phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, make phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect more outstanding.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
The technical problem that the present invention also will solve is to provide the preparation method of aforesaid combination type fertilizer synergist.
The technical problem that the present invention finally will solve is to provide the application of aforesaid combination type fertilizer synergist in fertilizer technique and agricultural planting.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Containing a combined fertilizer synergist for polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, it comprises the component of following proportioning: phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and polyglutamic acid, and weight ratio is 0.1 ~ 1:0.1 ~ 1:0.001 ~ 0.1;
Wherein, described phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum, its Classification And Nomenclature is Bacillus subtilis JT-1, is preserved in China typical culture collection center (being called for short CCTCC), preservation address: Wuhan University, postcode: 430072.Culture presevation number is CCTCC M 2014367, and preservation date is on August 5th, 2014.This bacterial strain is the bacterial strain of contriver's seed selection in the phosphorus ore soil sample in Chinese fir a strip of land between hills phosphorus ore area, Yichang, Hubei Province.Efficient phosphate-solubilizing bacterium of the present invention is at 30 DEG C, and shaking culture 7d under 150rpm condition, can by 5.0g/L Ca
3(PO
4)
2phosphorus decomposing, water-soluble phosphorus content is 682.43-725.28mg/L.
Bacterial strain JT-1 has following character:
1, colonial morphology feature:
On peptone nutrient agar, 30 DEG C are cultivated microscopic examination after 2 ~ 3 days is unicellular, shaft-like to vegetative cell, 0.5 ~ 3 × 0.5 ~ 3 μm, has oval gemma.In above-mentioned substratum, 30 DEG C of cultivation 12h thalline can raised growth.Bacterium colony is in white, circular, smooth surface, sticky shape, intermediate projections.
2, physiology and biochemistry characteristic:
(1) culture temperature: 25 ~ 38 DEG C, optimum temperuture is 30-32 DEG C;
(2) grow in the scope of pH5.0 ~ 9.0;
(3) gramstaining: positive;
(4) VP reaction: positive;
(5) Starch Hydrolysis test: positive;
(6) nitrate reduction reaction: positive;
(7) citric acid utilizes: positive;
(8) gelatine liquefication: positive;
(9) phenylpropionic acid desaminase test: negative;
(10) M.R.: negative;
(11) urease test: negative;
(12) propionic salt utilizes: negative;
3,16S rDNA sequential analysis:
Record 16S rDNA major part sequence 1418bp, as shown in SEQ ID No:1.By the row that check order compare from the relevant kind GeneBank database, build the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA complete sequence.Result shows: bacterial strain and subtilis reach 100% homology.So assert that the present invention uses subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), be specially subtilis Bacillus subtilis JT-1.
Wherein, described potassium solubilizing bacteria, its Classification And Nomenclature is Bacillus subtilis JT-2, and this bacterial strain is preserved in China typical culture collection center (being called for short CCTCC), preservation address: Wuhan University, postcode: 430072.Culture presevation number is CCTCC M 2014368, and preservation date is on August 5th, 2014.This bacterial strain is the bacterial strain of contriver's seed selection in ore deposit, Zijinshan Area, the Linxian County, Shanxi Province soil being rich in potassium ore.Potassium solubilizing bacteria of the present invention processes potassium breeze, and after 37 DEG C of cultivation 25d, the water-soluble potassium ion content decomposited is 118 ~ 132mg/L.
Bacillus subtilis JT-2 has following character:
1, colonial morphology feature:
On peptone nutrient agar, 30 DEG C are cultivated microscopic examination after 2 ~ 3 days is unicellular, shaft-like to vegetative cell, 0.5 ~ 3 × 0.5 ~ 3 μm, has oval gemma.In above-mentioned substratum, 30 DEG C of cultivation 12h thalline can raised growth.Bacterium colony is in white, circular, smooth surface, sticky shape, intermediate projections.
2, physiology and biochemistry characteristic:
(1) culture temperature: 25 ~ 38 DEG C, optimum temperuture is 30-32 DEG C;
(2) grow in the scope of pH5.0 ~ 9.0;
(3) gramstaining: positive;
(4) VP reaction: positive;
(5) Starch Hydrolysis test: positive;
(6) nitrate reduction reaction: positive;
(7) citric acid utilizes: positive;
(8) gelatine liquefication: positive;
(9) phenylpropionic acid desaminase test: negative;
(10) M.R.: negative;
(11) urease test: negative;
(12) propionic salt utilizes: negative;
3,16S rDNA sequential analysis:
Record 16S rDNA major part sequence 1413bp, as shown in SEQ ID No:2.By the row that check order compare from the relevant kind GeneBank database, build the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA complete sequence.Result shows: bacterial strain and subtilis reach 100% homology.So assert that the present invention uses subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), be specially Bacillus subtilis JT-2.
Wherein, described polyglutamic acid is polyglutamic acid sterling or polyglutamate sterling or polyglutamic acid fermented liquid or the dry thing of polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, and the molecular-weight average of polyglutamic acid is 5-3000KDa.The addition of polyglutamic acid calculates with contained polyglutamic acid in polyglutamic acid sterling or polyglutamate sterling or polyglutamic acid fermented liquid or the dry thing of polyglutamic acid fermented liquid.
Polyglutamate sterling comprises the polyglutamate of one or more elements such as chelating Na, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe.
Polyglutamic acid solution comprises the aqueous solution of polyglutamic acid gel solution, polyglutamic acid or polyglutamate sterling.
Pulvis containing polyglutamic acid comprises powdery dry thing, polyglutamic acid sterling or the polyglutamate sterling of polyglutamic acid fermented liquid and the formulated combination pulvis of other adjunct ingredients.
The fermenting culture comprising polyglutamic acid comprises and includes polyglutamic acid production bacterial strain and the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid of fermention medium, the concentrated solution of polyglutamic acid fermented liquid or dry thing.
The related products of above-mentioned polyglutamic acid all can be bought from market or conventionally prepare.
The preferred gamma-polyglutamic acid-of polyglutamic acid of the present invention.
Wherein, combined fertilizer synergist adds auxiliary material, and described auxiliary material is any one or a few in wilkinite, xanthohumic acid, rhombspar, feldspar in powder, calcium phosphate and Paris white, and auxiliary material weight accounts for the 5%-40% of combined fertilizer synergist gross weight.
Wherein, combined fertilizer synergist is paste, watery or powdery.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, it comprises the steps:
(1) phosphate solubilizing bacteria is prepared into microbial inoculum as follows:
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria activation of being preserved on inclined-plane, is inoculated on activation medium, cultivates 18 ~ 24h; Bacterial classification on picking activation medium, is inoculated in fermention medium, 30 ~ 35 DEG C, cultivates 12 ~ 24h, obtains fermented liquid or fermented liquid is carried out drying treatment to obtain pulvis;
(2) potassium solubilizing bacteria is prepared into microbial inoculum as follows:
The potassium solubilizing bacteria activation of being preserved on inclined-plane, is inoculated on activation medium, cultivates 18 ~ 24h; Bacterial classification on picking activation medium, is inoculated in fermention medium, 30 ~ 35 DEG C, cultivates 12 ~ 24h, obtains fermented liquid or fermented liquid is carried out drying treatment to obtain pulvis;
(3) microbial inoculum that microbial inoculum step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain and polyglutamic acid mix by weight 0.1 ~ 1:0.1 ~ 1:0.001 ~ 0.1.
In step (1) and (2), described activation medium is LB substratum, and described fermention medium component is: carbon source 10-100g/L, nitrogenous source 1-40g/L, inorganic salt 0.01-50g/L, and solvent is water, pH5.0 ~ 9.0.
Wherein, described carbon source is any one or a few the combination in glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, wood sugar, fructose, lactic acid, citric acid, glycerine, starch and molasses; Described nitrogenous source is yeast powder, extractum carnis, peptone, yeast extract paste, corn steep liquor, soybean cake powder, cottonseed meal, urea, (NH
4)
2sO
4, NH
4cl, (NH
4)
2hPO
4and NH
4nO
3in any one or a few combination; Described inorganic salt are the combination of one or more in vitriol, phosphoric acid salt, dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen disalt and hydrochloride.
In the fermented liquid obtained in step (1) and (2), thalline quantity can reach 1 × 10
10-9 × 10
12cFU/ml.
Step can add auxiliary material in (3), and described auxiliary material is any one or a few in wilkinite, xanthohumic acid, rhombspar, feldspar in powder, calcium phosphate and Paris white, and auxiliary material weight accounts for the 5%-40% of combined fertilizer synergist gross weight.
The application of the above-mentioned combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria in crop growth is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Wherein, described combined fertilizer synergist and nitrogenous fertilizer and or potash fertilizer and or phosphate fertilizer with the use of, or described combined fertilizer synergist is directly used as bacterial manure.
Wherein, described grain crops crop, greengrocery crop or melon or fruit type crops.
Wherein, embodiment be water planting, foliage-spray, filling root or spread manuer in holes.
Polyglutamic acid contains terminal amine and multiple COO
-group, the NH of nitrogenous fertilizer
4 +, the PO in phosphate fertilizer
4 3+, K in potash fertilizer
+, the Ca of element fertilizer
2+, Mg
2+, Zn
2+etc. directly and the carboxyl site of polyglutamic acid and amide group site bonding, water miscible, stable polyglutamate being formed, slowly for plant growth provides nutrition.Phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1 effectively can discharge the PO in soil or fertilizer
4 3+, potassium solubilizing bacteria JT-2 effectively can discharge the K in soil or fertilizer
+collaborative reciprocal effects can be produced after polyglutamic acid and phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1, potassium solubilizing bacteria JT-2 compound, more good growing environment can not only be provided for the existence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1, potassium solubilizing bacteria JT-2, can also the abundant nutritive element that discharges of chelating phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1, potassium solubilizing bacteria JT-2, make phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect more outstanding.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1 of the present invention has comparatively strong solution inorganic phosphorus ability, and this phosphate solubilizing bacteria can improve biological effectiveness and the phosphate fertilizer utilising efficiency of indissoluble phosphorus in soil, and the fertile volume increase of joint, improves Soil structure.
2, potassium solubilizing bacteria JT-2 of the present invention has comparatively strong solution potassium capability, and it is active that this bacterium has stronger potassium decomposing, can improve Soil Micro-environment, Promoting plant growth.
3, polyglutamic acid is that fermentable produces, and is formed, have nontoxic, biodegradable and advantages of environment protection by D-Glu and Pidolidone monomer by the homopolymerization of glutamine key, has and improves plant to effects such as the absorptions of nutrient.
4, collaborative reciprocal effects can be produced after phosphate solubilizing bacteria of the present invention, potassium solubilizing bacteria and polyglutamic acid compound.This combined fertilizer synergist can use with fertilizer, improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer, also directly can use as bacterial manure.
5, the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria of the present invention, can significantly improve the output 25-65% of the cash crop such as melon and fruit class and autumn tea such as the leaf vegetables such as the food crop such as wheat, paddy rice and rape, muskmelon, grape.When ensureing the crop yield not underproduction, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of using 20-40% quality can be reduced.Vc content in the content of albumen, starch in food crop seed and leaf vegetables crop can also be significantly improved, reduce the content of nitrate, improve the content of various sugar in melon or fruit type crops, change tealeaves flavor substances content, improve crop quality.Also improve the expression amount of plant anti-oxidation enzyme and anti contravariance related gene simultaneously, enhance the anti-adversity ability of plant, thus promote the growth of plant.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of the present invention as follows:
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria Bacillus subtilis JT-1 that 4 DEG C of inclined-planes are preserved is activated, is inoculated on eggplant shape culturing bottle substratum (i.e. activation medium), cultivate 18-24h.Be transferred in fermention medium by the bacterial classification grown, 30-35 DEG C, cultivate 12-24h, obtain fermented liquid or the dry thing of fermented liquid, the thalline quantity in microbial inoculum can reach 1 × 10
10-9 × 10
12cFU/g.
Substratum in described eggplant shape culturing bottle is LB substratum, and fermention medium component is: glucose 10g/L, (NH
4)
2sO
40.5g/L, NaCl 0.3g/L, MnSO
44H
2o 0.03g/L, KH
2pO
41g/L, pH are 6.0-8.0.
In the fermentation culture process of above-described production tank, the air flow of sterile air is 0.6-0.8vvm, and stirring velocity is 180-200rpm.
Embodiment 2: the dissolving P capacity of bacterial strain measures.
In 500mL triangular flask, add 100mL inorganic phosphorus liquid nutrient medium respectively, medium component is glucose 10g/L, (NH
4)
2sO
41g/L, MgSO
47H
2o 0.3g/L, NaCl 0.3g/L, FeSO
47H
2o 0.03g/L, MnSO
44H
2o 0.03g/L, Ca
3(PO
4)
25.0g/L.Inoculate 1mL bacteria suspension Bacillus subtilis JT-1, do simultaneously and do not inoculate contrast (adding 1mL sterilized water in substratum), all process are carried out 3 times and are repeated.At 30 DEG C, 150rpm is shaking culture 7d respectively, and by nutrient solution centrifugal 20min under 6000rpm, measuring phosphorus decomposing amount (water-soluble phosphorus content) by molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method is 682.43-725.28mg/L, and phosphorus decomposing rate is 68.2%-72.5%.Phosphate solubilizing bacteria JT-1 has higher dissolving P capacity.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare potassium decomposing microbial inoculum of the present invention as follows:
The Bacillus subtilis JT-2 that 4 DEG C of inclined-planes are preserved is activated, is inoculated on eggplant bottle substratum (i.e. activation medium), cultivate 24h.Bacterial classifications a large amount of on picking eggplant bottle, is inoculated in fermention medium, 30 DEG C, cultivates 16h, and obtain fermented liquid or the dry thing of fermented liquid, the thalline quantity in microbial inoculum can reach 1 × 10
10-9 × 10
12cFU/g.
Substratum in described eggplant shape culturing bottle is LB substratum, and fermention medium component is: glucose 8-12g/L, (NH
4)
2sO
40.05-1g/L, NaCl 0.1-1g/L, MnSO
44H
2o 0.1-0.5g/L, KH
2pO
40.5-2.0g/L, pH are 6.0-8.0.
In the fermentation culture process of above-described production tank, the air flow of sterile air is 0.6 ~ 0.8vvm, and stirring velocity is 180 ~ 200rpm, culture temperature 30 ~ 32 DEG C, and incubation time is 12 ~ 16h.
Embodiment 4: the ability of dissolving potassium of bacterial strain measures.
Preparation potassium decomposing substratum (without water-soluble potassium ion) is by 95mL packing and add potassium breeze that 0.5g accurately takes in 250mL triangular flask, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, bacteria suspension Bacillus subtilis JT-2 to be measured accesses shaking flask bacterial classification with the inoculum size of 5%, each bacterial classification do three parallel, establish simultaneously without inoculation contrast.37 DEG C of water are washed one's hair after 25d cultivated by shaking table and are terminated to cultivate, nutrient solution is through 4 DEG C of centrifugal 5min of 1000r/min, fully mix by pipette, extract 4mL centrifuged supernatant and 4mL6mmoL/LiCl, flame spectrophotometer method is utilized to survey potassium, show that water-soluble potassium ion content is 118 ~ 132mg/L, potassium decomposing rate reaches 45.4%-50.8%, has stronger ability of dissolving potassium.
Embodiment 5:
Be prepared as follows the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria of the present invention:
1) the fermented liquid drying that embodiment 1 prepares obtains phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum.
2) the fermented liquid drying that embodiment 2 prepares obtains potassium decomposing microbial inoculum.
3) polyglutamic acid used is the wettable powder containing polyglutamic acid, and prepared by the drying of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, wherein polyglutamic acid content is 25%-30%, and molecular weight is 500-2000kDa.
4) by polyglutamic acid (calculating with pure polyglutamic acid), phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum, potassium decomposing microbial inoculum and auxiliary material (being mixed by 1:1 by rhombspar and Paris white) composition 0.05:1:1:0.8 by weight, the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria of the present invention is mixed with.
Embodiment 6: combined fertilizer synergist has more excellent effect
In the present embodiment, the preparation of phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum, potassium decomposing microbial inoculum, polyglutamic acid is with embodiment 5.Be that experimental subjects carries out plot experiment with paddy rice, 4 process are established in test, and each process repeats for 3 times, zone leader 8m, wide 3m, plot area 24m
2, community surrounding arranges protection row, and concrete test process is as table 1.Each process is all used as base manure, and Common compound fertilizer consumption is 450kg/hm
2, use after synergistic agent (in phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, polyglutamic acid one or more) and composite fertilizer's blending, synergistic agent addition is pressed shown in table 1.
Table 1 rice test designs
Table 2 respectively processes the impact on the Yield and its components factor of paddy rice
Note: numeric representation is mean+SD, shows significant difference (P<0.05) with lowercase alphabet different after column data
As shown in Table 2, polyglutamic acid and common fertilizer be mixed to be executed and conciliates phosphobacterin, potassium decomposing microbial inoculum and common fertilizer and mix to execute and all can improve paddy rice number of productive ear, thousand seed weight and rice yield, and only executes common fertilizer and contrasts, volume increase 20.0% and 22.2% respectively.When using combined fertilizer synergist, rice yield 55.1% can be significantly improved.This illustrate combined fertilizer synergist use separately than wherein all synergistic components after superposition effect of increasing production also remarkable.
Embodiment 7: combined fertilizer synergist can reduce the chemical fertilizer used.
In the present embodiment, the preparation of the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria used is with embodiment 5.With potted plant Plantula Brassicae chinensis for experimental subjects, 3 process are established in test, and wherein processing 1 is experimental control common fertilizer, and process 2 is common fertilizer+combined fertilizer synergist, and process 3 is for subtracting the common fertilizer+combined fertilizer synergist executing 30% quality.The fertilizer applied is every kilogram of native 150mg.
The combined fertilizer synergist of table 3 is on the impact of potted plant Growth of Cabbage characteristic and output
Mix containing the combined fertilizer synergist of polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and fertilizer in the present invention and execute, the growth of Plantula Brassicae chinensis root can be promoted, make root increase thick, increase, have obvious promoter action to Plantula Brassicae chinensis plant plant height, underground part fresh weight, overground part fresh weight, can 46.8% be increased production.When subtracting the fertilizer executing 30% quality, still can to Chinese cabbage output increased 14.9%, this illustrates in the present invention effectively can reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer containing the combined fertilizer synergist of polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Embodiment 8: combined fertilizer synergist significantly improves utilization rate of fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation of the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria used is with embodiment 5.
Take corn as experimental subjects, carry out community corn trials.Test design 3 process, process 1 is not for apply fertilizer, and process 2 is for using Common compound fertilizer, and processing 3 is common fertilizer+combined fertilizer synergist.Zone leader 8m, wide 2.5m, plot area 20m
2, community surrounding arranges protection row.The fertilizer applied is 1050kg/hm
2, the consumption containing the combined fertilizer synergist of polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria is 80kg/hm
2.
By the absorbed dose of plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium after contrast harvest corn and the sowing amount of the front nitrogenous fertilizer of sowing, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, in calculating the present invention, combined fertilizer synergist is to the utilization ratio of fertilizer, and test-results is as follows:
The combined fertilizer synergist of table 4 is on the impact of utilization rate of fertilizer
As shown in Table 4, in the present invention, combined fertilizer synergist is compared with Common compound fertilizer, improves 41.8%, 29.3%, 41.2% respectively to the utilization ratio of corn N, P, K.Therefore in the present invention, combined fertilizer synergist can significantly promote that food crop are increased production, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer.
Embodiment 9: combined fertilizer synergist significantly improves the quality of farm crop.
In the present embodiment, the preparation of the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria used is with embodiment 5.
Take muskmelon as experimental subjects, 3 process are established in test altogether, repeat for 3 times.Process 1 is for applying Common compound fertilizer (450kg/ha
2), process 2 is for applying Common compound fertilizer (450kg/ha
2)+combined fertilizer synergist, process 3 is reduce the Common compound fertilizer+combined fertilizer synergist (315kg/ha using 30% quality
2), muskmelon management is daily administration.
The combined fertilizer synergist of table 5 is on the impact of muskmelon Vc and nitrate content
Compared with process 1, combined fertilizer synergist can carry high Vc content 46.3%, reduces nitrate content 22.5%.When the composite fertilizer of 30% quality is used in minimizing, combined fertilizer synergist can carry high Vc content 26.8%, reduces nitrate content 31.3%, improves the quality of muskmelon.Test-results shows, the combined fertilizer synergist in the present invention not only can reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer, and can also significantly improve the quality of muskmelon.
Embodiment 10: combined fertilizer synergist significantly improves the anti-adversity ability of plant
In the present embodiment, the preparation of the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria used is with embodiment 5.
Take Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve as experimental subjects, carry out potted plant, 3 process are established in experiment altogether, repeat for 3 times.Water control method adopts Hsiao (1973) mesophyte gradation of moisture partitioning, process 1 is contrast 75%-80% (accounting for the percentage ratio of maximum water holding capacity), process 2 coerces 40%-45% for moderate, and processing 3 is severe water stress 30%-35%.Carry out normal management to potted plant Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve, control moisture before test observation, when reaching 3 gradations of moisture, add combined fertilizer synergist in process 2, process 3, applied amount is every kilogram of native 200mg.Every day period measures volumetric water content of soil, the moisture that the supplementary same day loses, and makes each processing horizontal reach the water content of setting.
Experimental result is in table 6:
The combined fertilizer synergist of table 6 is on the impact of Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve chlorophyll and fresh weight
Result shows: under the envrionment conditions of mild drought, by applying combined fertilizer synergist, compared with control group, Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve can increase production 18.7%, under the envrionment conditions of Severe drought, by applying combined fertilizer synergist, Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve output compared with control group without significant difference.Experimental result shows, combined fertilizer synergist can improve the drought-resistant ability of plant, thus promotes the growth of plant.
Claims (10)
1., containing a combined fertilizer synergist for polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, it is characterized in that, it comprises the component of following proportioning: phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and polyglutamic acid, and weight ratio is 0.1 ~ 1:0.1 ~ 1:0.001 ~ 0.1;
Wherein, described phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum, its Classification And Nomenclature is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacterial strain number is JT-1, be preserved in China typical culture collection center, culture presevation number is CCTCC M 2014367, and preservation date is on August 5th, 2014.
Wherein, described potassium solubilizing bacteria, its Classification And Nomenclature is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacterial strain number is JT-2, be preserved in China typical culture collection center, culture presevation number is CCTCC M 2014368, and preservation date is on August 5th, 2014.
2. the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described polyglutamic acid is polyglutamic acid sterling or polyglutamate sterling or polyglutamic acid fermented liquid or the dry thing of polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, and the molecular-weight average of polyglutamic acid is 5-3000KDa.
3. the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, combined fertilizer synergist adds auxiliary material, described auxiliary material is any one or a few in wilkinite, xanthohumic acid, rhombspar, feldspar in powder, calcium phosphate and Paris white, and auxiliary material weight accounts for the 5%-40% of combined fertilizer synergist gross weight.
4. the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, combined fertilizer synergist is paste, watery or powdery.
5. the preparation method of the combined fertilizer synergist containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) phosphate solubilizing bacteria is prepared into microbial inoculum as follows:
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria activation of being preserved on inclined-plane, is inoculated on activation medium, cultivates 18 ~ 24h; Bacterial classification on picking activation medium, is inoculated in fermention medium, 30 ~ 35 DEG C, cultivates 12 ~ 24h, obtains fermented liquid or fermented liquid is carried out drying treatment to obtain pulvis;
(2) potassium solubilizing bacteria is prepared into microbial inoculum as follows:
The potassium solubilizing bacteria activation of being preserved on inclined-plane, is inoculated on activation medium, cultivates 18 ~ 24h; Bacterial classification on picking activation medium, is inoculated in fermention medium, 30 ~ 35 DEG C, cultivates 12 ~ 24h, obtains fermented liquid or fermented liquid is carried out drying treatment to obtain pulvis;
(3) microbial inoculum that microbial inoculum step (1) obtained and step (2) obtain and polyglutamic acid mix by weight 0.1 ~ 1:0.1 ~ 1:0.001 ~ 0.1.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, auxiliary material is added in step (3), described auxiliary material is any one or a few in wilkinite, xanthohumic acid, rhombspar, feldspar in powder, calcium phosphate and Paris white, and auxiliary material weight accounts for the 5%-40% of combined fertilizer synergist gross weight.
7. the application of combined fertilizer synergist in crop growth containing polyglutamic acid, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria according to claim 1.
8. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described combined fertilizer synergist and nitrogenous fertilizer and or potash fertilizer and or phosphate fertilizer with the use of, or described combined fertilizer synergist is directly used as bacterial manure.
9. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described grain crops crop, greengrocery crop or melon or fruit type crops.
10. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that, embodiment is water planting, foliage-spray, filling root or spread manuer in holes.
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