CN104272380A - 在具有适应性噪音消除(anc)的个人音频设备中的频率和方向相关周围声音处理 - Google Patents

在具有适应性噪音消除(anc)的个人音频设备中的频率和方向相关周围声音处理 Download PDF

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CN104272380A
CN104272380A CN201380024591.XA CN201380024591A CN104272380A CN 104272380 A CN104272380 A CN 104272380A CN 201380024591 A CN201380024591 A CN 201380024591A CN 104272380 A CN104272380 A CN 104272380A
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signal
frequency
microphone signal
adaptive filter
microphone
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CN104272380B (zh
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杰弗里·奥尔德森
J·D·亨德里克斯
D·周
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Cirrus Logic Inc
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Abstract

一种个人音频设备例如无线电话，包括适应性噪音消除电路W(z)，其从参考麦克风信号(ref)适应性地产生抗噪音信号，并且将该抗噪音信号注入到扬声器或其他变换器输出以导致周围音频声音的消除。误差麦克风(err)也可以提供在扬声器附近以测量变换器的输出以便控制抗噪音信号的调适并且以估计从噪音消除电路穿过变换器的电声路径(SE)。执行适应性噪音消除(ANC)功能的处理电路还检测在周围声音中的频率相关特征(54)和/或方向相关特征并且响应于此改变噪音消除电路的调适。

Description

在具有适应性噪音消除(ANC)的个人音频设备中的频率和方向相关周围声音处理
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及包括噪音消除的个人音频设备例如无线电话，并且更具体地，涉及一种个人音频设备，在该个人音频设备中检测在周围声音中的频率和方向相关特征并且响应于此在抗噪音信号上采取动作。
背景技术
无线电话例如移动电话/蜂窝式电话、无绳电话及其他消费性语音设备例如mp3播放器以及耳机或耳塞应用广泛。可通过使用麦克风测量周围声事件及随后使用信号处理将抗噪音信号插入至设备的输出中以消除周围声事件，来提供噪音消除从而改进这些设备在清晰度方面的性能。
因为取决于存在的噪音源以及设备自身的位置，在个人音频设备例如无线电话周围的声环境会急剧改变，所以期望调适噪音消除以结合考虑这种环境改变。然而，适应性噪音消除可能是无效的或者可能给某些周围声音提供不利结果。
因此，期望提供一种个人音频设备包括无线电话，其在存在的某些周围声音中提供有效的噪音消除。
发明内容
在一种个人音频设备、一种操作方法及一种集成电路中完成提供个人音频设备的上述目的，个人音频设备在存在的某些周围声音中提供噪音消除。所述方法是一种个人音频设备和可以结合在个人音频设备中的集成电路的操作方法。
个人音频设备包含外壳，其中变换器安装在外壳上用于重现包含用于对听者回播的源音频及用于抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号。至少一个麦克风安装在外壳上以提供指示周围音频声音的麦克风信号。个人音频设备还包含在外壳内的适应性噪音消除(ANC)处理电路，用于从麦克风信号适应性地产生抗噪音信号以便抗噪音信号导致在变换器处的周围音频声音的基本消除。误差麦克风被包括用于控制抗噪音信号的调适以消除周围音频声音以及用于补偿从处理电路的输出穿过变换器的电声音路径。ANC处理电路检测具有频率相关特征的周围声音并且对ANC电路的调适采取动作以避免产生击穿的、无效的或者甚至损害性能的抗噪音。
在另一个特征中，ANC处理电路通过检测或不检测频率相关特征，检测周围声音的方向，并且还对ANC电路的调适采取动作以避免产生干扰的、无效的或者其他损害性能的抗噪音。
如附图所示，从本发明的较佳实施例的下列更具体描述中，本发明的上述及其他目的、特征及优点将变得清晰。
附图说明
图1为示例性无线电话10的视图。
图2为在无线电话10内的电路的方框图。
图3A-图3C为描述可以使用来实施图2的CODEC集成电路20的ANC电路30的各种示例性ANC电路的信号处理电路和功能模块的方框图。
图4为描述可以实施在CODEC集成电路20内的方向检测电路的方框图。
图5为图解方向确定模块56的操作的信号波形图。
图6为描述在CODEC集成电路20内的信号处理电路和功能模块的方框图。
具体实施方式
公开了可在个人音频设备例如无线电话中实施的噪音消除技术及电路。个人语音设备包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路，其测量周围声环境并产生注入扬声器(或其他变换器)输出中以消除周围声事件的信号。然而，对于某些声事件或方向性，ANC电路的常规操作会导致不正确调适和错误操作。下面所示的示例性个人音频设备、方法及电路检测具有特定频率特征或方向的周围音频声音并且在ANC电路的调适上采取动作以避免不利操作。具体地，由于在变换器、测量变换器输出的误差麦克风及用户耳朵之间的耦合的高频响应中的未知情况，高频含量例如在机动车环境下的马达嘶嘶声不能很好地消除。低频含量例如汽车噪音隆隆声在某些频率以下不容易被消除，变换器在这些频率下再现抗噪音信号的能力减小，并且低频响应在这些频率下取决于是否正在使用无线电话的头戴耳机或内置扬声器减少。
图1表示邻近人耳朵5的示例的无线电话10。所示无线电话10为可采用根据本发明的实施例的技术的设备的一实例，但是应了解并非需要所示无线电话10或后续图解中所描绘的电路中所体现的元件或配置的全部。无线电话10包含变换器例如扬声器SPKR，其重现无线电话10所接收的远端语音，连同其他本端音频事件例如铃声、所储存的音频程序材料、近端语音、来自网页的源或由无线电话10所接收的其他网络通信、以及音频指示例如电池低及其他系统事件通告。提供近端语音麦克风NS以捕捉从无线电话10传输至其他会话参与者的近端语音。
无线电话10包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路及特征，它们将抗噪音信号注入至扬声器SPKR中以改进远端语音及扬声器SPKR所重现的其他语音的清晰度。提供参考麦克风R，其用于测量周围声环境且定位为远离使用者的嘴部的典型位置，以便近端语音在参考麦克风R所产生的信号中最小化。提供第三麦克风，误差麦克风E，以当无线电话10紧邻耳朵5时，通过提供与靠近耳部5的扬声器SPKR所重现的音频信号合成的周围音频的测量来进一步改进ANC操作。在无线电话10内的示例性电路14包含语音CODEC集成电路20，其接收来自参考麦克风R、近端语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E的信号并与其他集成电路例如含有无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12对接。在本发明的其他实施例中，本文所揭示的电路及技术可结合到单个集成电路，该单个集成电路含有用于实施整个个人音频设备，例如片上MP3播放器集成电路的控制电路及其他功能。
一般而言，本发明的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R上的环境声事件(与扬声器SPKR和/或近端语音的输出相对)，并且还通过测量撞击在误差麦克风E上的相同环境声事件，所示无线电话10的ANC处理电路调适从参考麦克风R的输出产生的抗噪音信号以具有使存在于误差麦克风E上的环境声事件的振幅最小化的特性。因为声路径P(z)从参考麦克风R延伸至误差麦克风E，所以ANC电路本质结合去除电声路径S(z)的影响来估计声路径P(z)。电声路径S(z)代表CODEC集成电路(IC)20的音频输出的响应及包含特定声环境中在扬声器SPKR与误差麦克风E之间的耦合的扬声器SPKR的声/电转换函数。当无线电话未牢固地压至耳朵5时，电声路径S(z)受耳朵5和其他实物的近接性和结构、以及可能邻近无线电话10的人头部结构的影响。虽然所示无线电话10包含具有第三近端语音麦克风NS的双麦克风ANC系统，但是不包含单独误差麦克风及参考麦克风的其他系统可以执行上述的技术。替代地，近端语音麦克风NS可以使用来执行在上述系统中的参考麦克风R的功能。最后，在仅设计用于音频回播的个人音频设备中，将通常不包括近端语音麦克风NS，并且在下文更详细描述的电路中的近端语音信号路径可省略。
现参考图2，在无线电话10内的电路展示在方框图中。CODEC集成电路20包括：模数转换器(ADC)21A，其用于接收参考麦克风信号并且产生参考麦克风信号的数字表示ref；ADC21B，其用于接收误差麦克风信号并且产生误差麦克风信号的数字表示err；以及ADC21C，其用于接收近端语音麦克风信号并且产生近端语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns。CODEC IC 20从放大器A1产生用于驱动扬声器SPKR或耳麦的输出，该放大器A1放大接收合成器26的输出的数模转换器(DAC)23的输出。头戴耳机式检测器27经由控制信号hptype提供关于头戴设备是否连接以及可选地连接的头戴设备的类型的信息给ANC电路30。可以使用来实施头戴耳机式检测器27的头戴耳机式检测技术的细节公开在题目为“HEADSET TYPE DETECTION AND CONFIGURATION TECHNIQUES(头戴耳机式检测和配置技术)”的美国专利申请序列号No.13/588,021中，其公开在此通过参考并入本文。合成器26合成来自内部音频源24的音频信号ia、由ANC电路30所产生的抗噪音信号anti-noise，其根据约定具有与参考麦克风信号ref中的噪音相同的极性且因此被合成器26减除。附加地，合成器26还合成近端语音信号ns的一部分，以便无线电话10的使用者听到其自己与接收自射频(RF)集成电路22的下行链路语音ds成适当关联的语音。在示例性电路中，下行链路语音ds被提供给ANC电路30。下行链路语音ds和内部音频ia提供给合成器26以提供源音频(ds+ia)，以便源音频(ds+ia)可以存在来利用在ANC电路30中的次级路径适应性滤波器估计声路径S(z)。近端语音信号ns还被提供至RF集成电路22且作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT传输给服务提供者。
图3A表示可以使用来实施图2的ANC电路30的ANC电路30A的细节的一个示例。适应性滤波器32接收参考麦克风信号ref并且在理想情况下将它的转换函数W(z)调适为P(z)/S(z)以产生抗噪音信号anti-noise，其被提供到将抗噪音信号与由变换器重现的音频信号合成的输出合成器，例如由图2的合成器26示例。适应性滤波器32的系数由W系数控制模块31控制，该W系数控制模块31使用两个信号的相关性确定适应性滤波器32的响应，该适应性滤波器32通常在最小均方意义上使存在于误差麦克风信号err中的参考麦克风信号ref的那些分量之间的误差最小化。由W系数控制模块31处理的信号为如通过滤波器34B所提供的路径S(z)的响应的估计的拷贝塑形的参考麦克风信号ref以及包含误差麦克风信号err的另一信号。通过用路径S(z)的响应(响应SECOPY(z))的估计的拷贝变换参考麦克风信号ref，并且在去除由于源音频的回播的误差麦克风信号err的分量之后，将误差麦克风信号err最小化，适应性滤波器32调适到P(z)/S(z)的期望响应。滤波器37A，其具有如下更详细解释的响应CX(z)，处理滤波器34B的输出并且提供到W系数控制模块31的第一输入。到W系数控制模块31的第二输入由具有响应Ce(z)的另一个滤波器37B处理。响应Ce(z)具有与滤波器37A的响应CX(z)匹配的相位响应。到滤波器37B的输入包含误差麦克风信号err和已通过滤波器响应SE(z)处理的相反数量的下行链路音频信号ds，其中响应SECOPY(z)是一拷贝。响应Ce(z)和CX(z)被塑形来执行各种功能。响应Ce(z)和CX(z)的其中一种功能是去除将导致不正确操作以及在ANC系统中无使用目的的低频分量和偏移量，由于抗噪音信号的响应受到变换器SPKR的响应的限制。响应Ce(z)和CX(z)的另一种功能是在较高频率处偏置ANC系统的调适，在较高频率处消除根据情况会有效或无效。
除误差麦克风信号err以外，与滤波器34B的输出一起由W系数控制模块31处理的另一信号包括其包含已通过滤波器响应SE(z)处理的相反数量的源音频(ds+ia)，其包括下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia，其中响应SECOPY(z)是一拷贝。通过注入相反数量的源音频，防止适应性滤波器32调适为误差麦克风信号err中所存在的相对较大量的源音频。通过用路径S(z)的响应的估计变换下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia的反向拷贝，在处理前从误差麦克风信号err去除的源音频应该与在误差麦克风信号err重现的源音频(ds+ia)的预期版本匹配。源音频(ds+ia)去除的部分匹配存在于误差麦克风信号err中的源音频(ds+ia)，因为S(z)的电路径及声路径为下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia到达误差麦克风E所采用的路径。滤波器34B本身不是滤波器，而是具有被调谐来匹配适应性滤波器34A的响应的可调节响应，以便滤波器34B的响应追踪适应性滤波器34A的调适。为了实施上述内容，适应性滤波器34A具有由SE系数控制模块33控制的系数，该SE系数控制块33在合成器36去除已经由适应性滤波器34A滤波以代表从误差信号e递送至误差麦克风E的预期源音频的上述已滤波源音频(ds+ia)之后，处理源音频(ds+ia)和误差麦克风信号err。适应性滤波器34A因此被调适来从下行链路音频信号ds和内部音频ia产生误差信号e，该误差信号e在被从误差麦克风信号err中减去时，包含误差麦克风信号err不归因于源音频(ds+ia)的含量。
为了避免在周围音频声音包含不能由ANC电路30有效消除的频率相关特征时的无效或通常是干扰的ANC操作，ANC电路30包括快速傅立叶变换(FFT)模块50，其将参考麦克风信号ref滤波为多个离散频率仓，以及幅度检测模块52，其提供在每个仓中的参考麦克风信号的能量指示。幅度检测模块52的输出提供给频率特征确定逻辑54，其确定能量是否存在于参考麦克风信号ref的一个或多个频带中，在一个或多个频带中ANC操作可以被预期为无效的或者导致错误的调适或噪音消除。可以根据个人音频设备10的各种配置编程或选择关注哪些频带。例如，可以依赖于指示哪种类型的头戴设备连接到个人音频设备10的控制信号hptype来选择不同的频带，或者如果头戴设备被连接，可以禁止周围声音频率特征检测。依赖于所选或预定频率特征是否存在于参考麦克风信号ref中，频率特征确定逻辑54采取动作来阻止ANC电路的不正确调适/操作。特别地，在图3A给出的示例中，频率特征确定逻辑54通过确认控制信号haltW暂停W系数控制模块31的操作。替代地，或者合成地，控制信号haltW可以用速率控制信号rate取代或补充，速率控制信号rate在频率特征确定逻辑54指示在周围声音中已经检测到特定频率相关特征时降低W系数控制模块31的更新速率。作为另一个替代，频率特征确定逻辑54可以通过从多个响应之间选择滤波器37B的响应Ce(z)和滤波器37A的响应CX(z)，改变适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)的调适，以便，依赖于在参考麦克风r接收的实际周围信号的频率相关特征，系数控制模块31在特定频率处的响应可以改变，以便可以依赖于由ANC电路30A检测的周围声音的频率含量增加或降低调适。虽然图示示例使用参考麦克风信号ref的分析来检测周围声音的频率相关特征，但是也可以使用近端语音麦克风NS，只要实际近端语音情况被正确处理，并且替代地，在某些情况下或在用户耳朵不能阻挡周围声音的频率下可以使用误差麦克风E。并且，多种麦克风，包括成双参考麦克风，可以使用来提供到快速傅立叶变换(FFT)模块50的输入，其替代地可以使用其他滤波/分析技术例如离散傅立叶变换(DFT)或者一组并列的滤波器例如无限脉冲响应(IIR)带通滤波器。
现在参考图3B，可以替代地使用来实施图3的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30B的细节。ANC电路30B与图3A的ANC电路30A相似，所以下面仅描述在ANC电路30B与ANC电路30A之间的差别。在ANC电路30B中，不是采用适应性滤波器来执行在ANC电路30B中的响应W(z)，而是由滤波器32A提供固定响应WFIXED(z)，并且由适应性滤波器32B提供响应WADAPT(z)的适应性部分。滤波器32A和32B的输出由合成器36合成来提供具有固定部分和适应性部分的总响应。W系数控制模块31具有可控泄漏响应，即响应是时间可变的，以便响应随着时间是趋于平坦频率响应，或者另一个预定初始频率响应以便通过随着时间不做调适来校正任何错误的调适。在滤波器32B中，频率特征确定逻辑54利用控制信号leakage控制泄漏的水平，其可以仅具有两种状态，即使能或禁止泄漏，或者可以具有控制应用来将WADAPT(z)恢复为初始响应的时间常量或泄漏更新速率的值。
现在参考图3C，根据另一个示例性电路示出可以使用来实施图2中的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30C的细节。ANC电路30C与图3A的ANC电路30A相似，所以下面仅描述在ANC电路30C与ANC电路30A之间的差别。ANC电路30C包括如在图3A的ANC电路30A和图3B的ANC电路30B的频率特征确定元件，即FFT模块50和幅度检测52，但还包括估计到达的周围声音从其过来的方向确定模块56。合成的频率和方向确定逻辑59产生在适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)的调适上采取动作的控制输出，其可以是控制信号haltW或如图所示暂停或改变由W系数控制模块31产生的系数的更新速率的控制信号rate。其他输出可以如在图3A的ANC电路30A和ANC电路30B中附加地或替代地控制滤波器32的响应W(z)的调适，例如如在图3A的ANC电路30A中选择滤波器37B的响应Ce(z)和滤波器37A的响应CX(z)，或如在ANC电路30B中调节响应W(z)的泄漏。为了测量过来的周围声音的方向，需要两个麦克风，其可以由参考麦克风R结合另一个麦克风例如近端语音麦克风NS或误差麦克风E来提供。然而，为了避免从周围声音区分实际近端语音、以及在个人音频设备10抵靠用户耳朵时误差麦克风E对周围环境的不同响应的问题，提供两个参考麦克风用于产生如图所示两个参考麦克风信号ref1和ref2作为到图3C的ANC电路30C的输入是有用的。参考加权模块57由频率和方向确定逻辑59提供的控制信号refmix ctrl控制，其可以通过在参考麦克风信号ref1和ref2之间选择或者以不同的增益合成它们来提高ANC电路30C的性能，以提供周围声音的最佳测量。
附加地，图3C图示用于改变适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)的调适的又另一种技术，其可以可选地包括在图3A的ANC电路30A和图3B的ANC电路30B任意一个中。不是调节响应W(z)的泄漏或调节到W系数控制模块31的输入的响应，ANC电路30C利用噪音产生器37注入噪音信号n(z)，其被供应到由适应性滤波器32C提供的适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)的拷贝WCOPY(z)。合成器36C将噪音信号noise(z)添加到适应性滤波器34B的输出，其被提供给W系数控制31。噪音信号n(z)，在由滤波器32C塑形时，由合成器36D从合成器36的输出减去以便噪音信号n(z)被非对称地添加至到W系数控制31的校正输入，结果适应性滤波器32的相应W(z)被完全矫正的噪音信号n(z)的注入所偏置，注入是到W系数控制31的每个校正输入中。因为注入的噪音直接出现在到W系数控制31的参考输入处，不出现在误差麦克风信号err中，并且经由合成器36D在滤波器32C的输出处合成已滤波噪音，仅出现在到W系数控制31的其他输入处，所以W系数控制31将调适响应W(z)以衰减存在于噪音信号n(z)中的频率。噪音信号n(z)的含量不出现在抗噪音信号中，但仅出现在适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)中，其将具有在噪音信号n(z)在其中具有能量的频率/频带处下降的幅度。依赖于到达个人音频设备10的周围声音的频率含量和方向，频率和方向确定逻辑59可以改变控制信号noise adjust来选择由噪音产生器37注入的频谱。
现在参考图4，示出ANC电路30C的示例性方向确定模块56的细节。方向确定模块56还可以使用为替代地具有或结合有在ANC电路30A或ANC电路30B中的频率特征确定电路。方向确定模块56通过使用两个麦克风确定关于周围声音的方向的信息，两个麦克风可以是一对参考麦克风，或者参考麦克风R、误差麦克风E及近端语音麦克风NS任意两个或更多个的合成。在麦克风信号上执行交叉交互关联，例如示例性麦克风信号mic1和mic2，其可以是上述麦克风的任意合成的输出。交叉相互关联被用计算延迟可信因子，其是指示在存在于两个麦克风信号mic1和mic2中的周围声音之间的延迟的波形。延迟可信因子定义为(T)*ρmic1*mic2(T)，其中ρmic1*mic2(T)是麦克风信号mic1和mic2的交叉相关，并且T＝arg maxT[ρmic1*mic2(T)]，其是麦克风信号mic1和mic2的交叉相关ρmic1*mic2(T)的值处于最大值的时刻。延迟估计电路62从交叉相关函数的结果估计实际延迟，并且确定逻辑模块59依赖于已检测周围声音的方向确定是否在ANC电路的调适上采取动作。确定逻辑模块59可以附加地从图3B的频率特征确定逻辑54接收输入以便可以使用频率相关特征和方向信息的合成来确定是否采取动作，例如暂停W(z)调适，增加在图3B的示例中的泄漏，或给在图3A的示例中的滤波器37B的响应Ce(z)和滤波器37A的响应CX(z)选择替代响应。
现在参考图5，示出了在如图4所描述的电路内的信号的信号波形图。在时刻t1，周围声音已经到达参考麦克风R，并且出现中参考麦克风信号ref中，其是第一麦克风信号mic1的示例。在时刻t2，相同的周围声音已经到达误差麦克风E，并且出现在误差麦克风信号err中，其是第二麦克风信号mic2的示例。图示出了误差麦克风信号err和参考麦克风信号ref的延迟可信因子(T)*ρref*err(T)。延迟可信因子(T)*ρref*err(T)在时刻t3的峰值指示在参考麦克风R和误差麦克风E的到达时间之间的延迟。因此，对于在图5的示图中的第一周围声音，方向是指向参考麦克风，并且因此可以期望ANC电路能够有效地消除周围声音，除非来自频率特征确定逻辑54或另一个问题检测源的任何相反指示。然而，如图5所示的第二周围声音在时刻t4到达误差麦克风E，并且然后在时刻t5到达参考麦克风R，并且可能不能由ANC系统有效消除，尤其是如果周围声音的频率含量接近ANC效果的上限。在延迟可信因子(T)*ρref*err(T)的相反极性指示方向。因此，在时刻t6，当周围声音正来自变换器和误差麦克风E而不是参考麦克风R的方向的足够可信时，确定逻辑64确认控制信号haltW以暂停更新响应W(z)的系数。替代地，响应于检测这种情况，可以执行其他动作例如增加泄漏或者为滤波器37B的响应Ce(z)和滤波器37A的响应CX(z)选择不同的响应。如图4和图5所示的示例仅为图示性的，并且通常，可以执行关于重复性或较长的周围声音的观察以有效地识别会成为问题并且需要在ANC系统中干预的周围声音的方向。具体地，因为处理和电声路径延迟影响ANC电路反作用到或消除输入周围声音的能力，所以通常需要应用一标准，如果在周围声音到达误差麦克风之前，周围声音以小于预定时间周期到达参考麦克风，那么ANC电路可以响应于这种情况确定不改变ANC行为。
现在参考图6，示出ANC系统的方框图，其用于实施如图3描述的ANC技术，并且具有如可以实施在图2的CODEC集成电路20中的处理电路40。处理电路40包括联接到存储器44的处理器核42，在存储器44中存储包括计算机程序产品的程序指令，其实施上面所述ANC技术的一些或全部，以及其他信号处理。可选地，专用数字信号处理(DSP)逻辑46可以被提供用来实施由处理电路40提供的ANC信号处理的一部分，或替代地全部。处理电路40还包括ADC 21A－21C，分别用于接收来自参考麦克风R、误差麦克风E和近端语音麦克风NS。DAC 23A和放大器A1也由处理电路40提供用于提供变换器输出信号，包括如上所述的抗噪音。
虽然已特别参考本发明的优选实施例展示及描述本发明，但是本领域的技术人员理解可在不脱离本发明的精神及范围的情况下在其中作出上述及其他形式及细节的改变。

Claims (72)

1.一种个人音频设备
个人音频设备壳体；
安装在所述壳体上的变换器，用于再现包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号；
安装在所述壳体上的至少一个麦克风，用于提供指示周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其利用适应性滤波器与所述至少一个麦克风信号一致地产生所述抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路检测所述至少一个麦克风的其中一个的频率相关特征，并且与所述频率相关特征的检测结果一致地改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
2.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括参考麦克风信号，并且其中所述处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，并且其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
3.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括参考麦克风信号，并且其中所述处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述至少一个麦克风包括靠近所述变换器安装在所述壳体上的误差麦克风，用于提供指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号，其中所述处理电路还实施为具有塑形所述源音频的次级路径响应的次级路径滤波器和从所述误差麦克风信号去除所述源音频以提供指示被输送到听者的合成的抗噪音和周围音频声音的误差信号的合成器，并且其中所述适应性滤波器与所述误差信号及所述参考麦克风信号一致地产生所述抗噪音信号。
4.根据权利要求3所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
5.根据权利要求3所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路检测所述误差麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
6.根据权利要求3所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路还实施为非适应性滤波器，其具有用于塑形到所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入的固定响应，以便所述适应性滤波器的调适灵敏度在一个或多个频率处或在一个或多个频带中由固定响应改变，并且其中通过改变所述非适应性滤波器的所述固定响应执行所述适应性滤波器的所述调适的所述改变。
7.根据权利要求6所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路与检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征的结果一致地从多个预定频率响应之间选择所述固定响应。
8.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号的一个或两个的所述频率相关特征。
9.根据权利要求8所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号两者的所述频率相关特征，并且确定周围音频声音产生所述频率相关特征的方向，并且其中所述处理电路与所述周围音频声音的所述方向一致地选择性改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
10.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括安装在所述壳体上的近端语音麦克风，用于提供指示听者的语音和所述周围音频声音的近端语音麦克风信号，其中所述处理电路检测所述近端语音麦克风的所述频率相关特征。
11.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路通过测量所述至少一个麦克风的一个或多个频率或者频带的幅度来检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
12.根据权利要求11所述的个人音频设备，其中所述一个或多个频率或者频带是可选择的。
13.根据权利要求11所述的个人音频设备，还包括：
头戴连接器，用于连接外部头戴设备；以及
头戴式检测电路，用于检测所述外部头戴设备的类型，并且其中所述处理电路与所述外部头戴设备的所述已检测类型一致地选择所述一个或多个频率或者频带。
14.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路响应于检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征，暂停所述适应性滤波器的调适。
15.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述检测检测低频含量是否存在。
16.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述检测检测高频含量是否存在。
17.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述改变改变所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的更新率。
18.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路利用泄漏特征控制所述适应性滤波器的频率响应的可变部分，泄漏特征以特定改变率将所述适应性滤波器的所述响应恢复为预定响应，并且其中所述处理电路与所述频率相关特征的检测结果一致地改变所述特定改变率。
19.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路通过改变被注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变所述适应性滤波器的所述响应的调适。
20.一种由个人音频设备抵抗周围音频声音的作用的方法，该方法包括：
利用适应性滤波器与所述至少一个麦克风信号一致地适应性产生抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在；
将所述抗噪音信号与源音频合成；
提供合成的结果给变换器；
检测所述至少一个麦克风的其中一个的频率相关特征，以及
与所述频率相关特征的检测结果一致地适应性改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述至少一个麦克风包括用于测量所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风，其中所述至少另一个麦克风信号包括从所述参考麦克风的输出产生的参考麦克风信号，其中所述方法还包括通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，并且其中所述检测检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
22.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述至少一个麦克风包括用于测量所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风，以及用于测量所述周围音频声音和所述变换器的声输出的误差麦克风，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括从所述参考麦克风信号的输出产生的参考麦克风信号和从指示所述变换器的声输出和在所述变换器处的周围音频声音的所述误差麦克风的输出产生的误差麦克风信号，其中所述适应性产生从所述参考麦克风信号和指示所述变换器的所述声输出和所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述方法还包括：
利用由次级路径适应性滤波器提供的次级路径响应塑形所述源音频；以及
从所述误差麦克风信号去除被塑形源音频以产生所述误差信号。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中所述检测检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
24.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中所述检测检测所述误差麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
25.根据权利要求22所述的方法，还包括利用具有固定响应的非适应性滤波器塑形到所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入，以便所述适应性滤波器的所述调适的灵敏度在一个或多个频率处或在一个或多个频带中由所述固定响应改变，并且其中所述改变通过改变所述非适应性滤波器的所述固定响应改变所述适应性滤波器的所述调适。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法，还包括与检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征的结果一致地从多个预定频率响应之间选择所述固定响应。
27.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述检测检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号的一个或两个的所述频率相关特征。
28.根据权利要求27所述的方法，其中所述检测检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号两者的所述频率相关特征，并且其中所述方法还包括确定周围音频声音产生所述频率相关特征的方向，并且其中所述改变与所述周围音频声音的确定的所述方向一致地选择性改变所述适应性滤波器的所述调适。
29.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述至少一个麦克风包括安装在所述壳体上的近端语音麦克风，用于提供指示听者的语音和所述周围音频声音的近端语音麦克风信号，其中所述检测检测所述近端语音麦克风的所述频率相关特征。
30.根据权利要求20所述的方法，所述检测通过测量所述至少一个麦克风的一个或多个频率或者频带的幅度来检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
31.根据权利要求30所述的方法，还包括从多个预定频率或频带之间选择所述一个或多个频率或频带。
32.根据权利要求30所述的方法，还包括：
连接外部头戴设备到所述个人音频设备；
检测所述外部头戴设备的类型；以及
与所述外部头戴设备的所述已检测类型一致地选择所述一个或多个频率或者频带。
33.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述暂停响应于检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征，暂停所述适应性滤波器的调适。
34.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述检测检测低频含量是否存在。
35.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述检测检测高频含量是否存在。
36.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述改变改变所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的更新率。
37.根据权利要求20所述的方法，还包括：
利用泄漏特征控制所述适应性滤波器的频率响应的可变部分，泄漏特征以特定改变率将所述适应性滤波器的所述响应恢复为预定响应；以及
与所述频率相关特征的所述检测结果一致地改变所述特定改变率。
38.根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中所述改变通过改变被注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变所述适应性滤波器的所述响应的调适。
39.一种用于实施个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路，包括：
输出，用于给输出变换器提供包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的输出信号；
至少一个麦克风输入，用于接收指示周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其利用适应性滤波器与所述至少一个麦克风信号一致地产生抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路检测所述至少一个麦克风的其中一个的频率相关特征，并且与所述频率相关特征的检测结果一致地改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
40.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，并且其中处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，并且其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
41.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号以及指示所述周围音频声音和在所述变换器处的声输出的误差麦克风信号，其中所述处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述处理电路还实施为具有塑形所述源音频的次级路径响应的次级路径滤波器和从所述误差麦克风信号去除所述源音频以提供指示被输送到听者的合成抗噪音和周围音频声音的误差信号的合成器，并且其中所述适应性滤波器与所述误差信号及所述参考麦克风信号一致地产生所述抗噪音信号。
42.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
43.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路检测所述误差麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
44.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路还实施为非适应性滤波器，其具有用于所述塑形到适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入的固定响应，以便所述适应性滤波器的调适灵敏度在一个或多个频率处或在一个或多个频带中由固定响应改变，并且其中通过改变所述非适应性滤波器的所述固定响应执行所述适应性滤波器的所述调适的所述改变。
45.根据权利要求44所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路与检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征的结果一致地从多个预定频率响应之间选择所述固定响应。
46.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号中的一个或两者的所述频率相关特征。
47.根据权利要求46所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路检测所述参考麦克风信号和所述误差麦克风信号两者的所述频率相关特征，并且确定周围音频声音产生所述频率相关特征的方向，并且其中所述处理电路与所述周围音频声音的所述方向一致地选择性改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
48.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括指示听者的语音和所述周围音频声音的近端语音麦克风信号，其中所述处理电路检测所述近端语音麦克风的所述频率相关特征。
49.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过测量所述至少一个麦克风的一个或多个频率或者频带的幅度来检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征。
50.根据权利要求49所述的集成电路，其中所述一个或多个频率或者频带是可选择的。
51.根据权利要求49所述的集成电路，还包括头戴式检测电路，用于检测联接到所述输出的外部头戴设备的类型，并且其中所述处理电路与所述外部头戴设备的所述已检测类型一致地选择所述一个或多个频率或者频带。
52.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路响应于检测所述至少一个麦克风信号的所述频率相关特征，暂停所述适应性滤波器的调适。
53.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述检测检测低频含量是否存在。
54.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述检测检测高频含量是否存在。
55.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述改变改变所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的更新率。
56.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路利用泄漏特征控制所述适应性滤波器的频率响应的可变部分，泄漏特征以特定改变率将所述适应性滤波器的所述响应恢复为预定响应，并且其中所述处理电路与所述频率相关特征的检测结果一致地改变所述特定改变率。
57.根据权利要求39所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过改变被注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变所述适应性滤波器的所述响应的调适。
58.一种个人音频设备，
个人音频设备壳体；
安装在所述壳体上的变换器，用于再现包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号；
安装在所述壳体上的至少两个麦克风，用于提供指示周围音频声音的至少两个麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其使用适应性滤波器与所述两个麦克风信号的至少一个一致地产生所述抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的所述周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路从所述至少两个麦克风信号确定被检测周围音频声音的方向，并且其中所述处理电路与所述被检测周围音频声音的方向一致地选择性改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
59.根据权利要求58所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路通过改变被注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变所述适应性滤波器的所述响应的调适。
60.根据权利要求59所述的个人音频设备，其中所述至少两个麦克风信号包括产生参考麦克风信号的参考麦克风以及产生误差麦克风信号的误差麦克风，其中所述处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述误差麦克风靠近所述变换器地安装到所述壳体上，以便所述误差麦克风信号指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音，其中所述处理电路还实施为具有塑形所述源音频的次级路径响应的次级路径滤波器和从所述误差麦克风信号去除所述源音频以提供指示被输送到听者的合成抗噪音和周围音频声音的误差信号的合成器，其中所述适应性滤波器与所述误差信号及所述参考麦克风信号一致地产生所述抗噪音信号，并且其中所述处理电路确定所述被检测周围音频声音在到达所述参考麦克风之后以小于预定时间周期到达所述误差麦克风，并且在响应中，改变适应性滤波器的调适以去加重在所述适应性滤波器的所述响应中的较高频率。
61.根据权利要求58所述的个人音频设备，其中所述处理电路通过加权至少两个麦克风每个的贡献，与所述被检测的周围声音的方向一致地改变所述调适。
62.根据权利要求61所述的个人音频设备，其中所述加权禁止所述至少两个麦克风的至少一个对所述确定所述被检测的周围声音的所述方向的贡献。
63.一种由个人音频设备抵抗周围音频声音的作用的方法，该方法包括：
与至少两个使用适应性滤波器的麦克风信号的至少一个一致地适应性产生抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在；
将所述抗噪音信号与源音频合成；
提供合成的结果给变换器；
利用提供相应至少两个麦克风信号的至少两个麦克风测量周围音频声音；
从所述至少两个麦克风信号确定被检测周围音频声音的方向；以及
与所述被检测的周围音频声音的所述方向一致地选择性改变适应性滤波器的调适
64.根据权利要求63所述的方法，其中所述改变通过改变被注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变所述适应性滤波器的所述响应的调适。
65.根据权利要求64所述的方法，其中所述至少一个麦克风包括用于测量所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风，以及用于测量所述周围音频声音和所述变换器的声输出的误差麦克风，其中所述至少一个麦克风信号包括从所述参考麦克风信号的输出产生的参考麦克风信号和从指示所述变换器的声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音的所述误差麦克风的输出产生的误差麦克风信号，其中适应性产生从所述参考麦克风和指示所述变换器的所述声输出和所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述方法还包括：
利用由次级路径适应性滤波器提供的次级路径响应塑形所述源音频；以及
从所述误差麦克风信号去除所述被塑形源音频以产生所述误差信号，并且其中所述确定确定所述被检测周围音频声音在到达所述参考麦克风之后以小于预定时间周期到达所述误差麦克风，并且其中所述改变改变所述适应性滤波器的调适以削弱在所述适应性滤波器响应中的较高频率。
66.根据权利要求63所述的方法，其中所述改变通过加权至少两个麦克风每个的贡献，与所述被检测的周围声音的方向一致地改变所述调适。
67.根据权利要求66所述的方法，其中所述加权禁止所述至少两个麦克风的至少一个对所述确定所述被检测的周围声音的所述方向的贡献。
68.一种用于实施个人音频设备的至少一部分的集成电路，包括：
输出，用于给输出变换器提供包括回播给听者的源音频和抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的输出信号；
至少两个麦克风输入，用于接收指示周围音频声音的至少两个麦克风信号，以及
处理电路，其使用适应性滤波器与所述至少两个麦克风信号的至少一个一致地适应性产生抗噪音信号以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路从所述至少两个麦克风信号确定被检测周围音频声音的方向，并且其中所述处理电路与所述被检测的周围音频声音的所述方向一致地选择性改变所述适应性滤波器的调适。
69.根据权利要求68所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过改变注入来塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应的信号的特征来改变适应性滤波器的响应的调适。
70.根据权利要求69所述的集成电路，其中所述至少两个麦克风输入包括参考麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，以及误差麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号，其中所述处理电路通过提供所述参考麦克风信号到所述适应性滤波器的输入来从所述参考麦克风信号产生所述抗噪音信号，其中所述处理电路还实施为具有塑形所述源音频的次级路径响应的次级路径滤波器和从所述误差麦克风信号去除所述源音频以提供指示被输送到听者的所述合成抗噪音和周围音频声音的误差信号的合成器，其中所述适应性滤波器与所述误差信号及所述参考麦克风信号一致地产生所述抗噪音信号，并且其中所述处理电路确定所述被检测的周围音频声音在到达所述参考麦克风之后以小于预定时间周期到达所述误差麦克风，并且在响应中，改变所述适应性滤波器的调适以去加重在所述适应性滤波器的所述响应中的较高频率。
71.根据权利要求68所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过加权至少两个麦克风每个的贡献，与所述被检测的周围声音的所述方向一致地改变所述调适。
72.根据权利要求70所述的集成电路，其中所述加权禁止所述至少两个麦克风的至少一个对所述确定所述被检测的周围声音的所述方向的贡献。
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