CN105324810B - 通过偏置抗噪音水平进行适应性噪音消除的系统和方法 - Google Patents

通过偏置抗噪音水平进行适应性噪音消除的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN105324810B
CN105324810B CN201480034746.2A CN201480034746A CN105324810B CN 105324810 B CN105324810 B CN 105324810B CN 201480034746 A CN201480034746 A CN 201480034746A CN 105324810 B CN105324810 B CN 105324810B
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CN105324810A (zh
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C·H·雍
杰弗里·D·奥尔德森
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American Sirui Logic Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种处理电路可以包括适应性滤波器，其具有从参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应；次级路径估算滤波器，其建模源音频信号的电声路径；偏置部，其通过应用比例缩放因子和次级路径估算滤波器的响应到抗噪音信号产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；以及系数控制模块，其通过调适适应性滤波器的响应与参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地塑形适应性滤波器的响应以使在误差麦克风信号中的周围音频声音最小化，其中回播校正误差基于在误差麦克风信号与源音频信号之间的差值，已修改回播校正误差信号基于在回播校正误差与比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。

Description

通过偏置抗噪音水平进行适应性噪音消除的系统和方法
相关申请
本发明要求2013年4月17日提交的美国临时专利申请号No.61/812,842的优先权，其通过参考以它的整体并入本文。
本发明要求2013年7月16日提交的美国非临时专利申请号No.13/943,454的优先权，其通过参考以它的整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及与声变换器有关的适应性噪音消除，并且更具体地，涉及检测和消除存在于声变换器附近的周围噪音，包括对由适应性噪音消除产生的抗噪音信号偏置抗噪音水平。
背景技术
无线电话例如移动电话/蜂窝式电话、无绳电话及其他消费性音频设备例如mp3播放器应用广泛。可通过使用麦克风测量周围声事件及随后使用信号处理将抗噪音信号插入至设备的输出中以消除周围声事件，来提供噪音消除从而改进这些设备在清晰度方面的性能。
因为在个人音频设备例如无线电话周围的声环境会取决于存在的噪音源和设备自身的位置而显著变化，因此期望调适噪音消除以考虑该环境变化。例如，许多适应性噪音消除系统利用误差麦克风，用于感测靠近电声变换器(例如，扩音扬声器)的输出的声压力，并且产生指示变换器的声输出和在变换器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。当变换器靠近听者的耳朵时，误差麦克风信号可以接近在听者耳鼓(称为鼓参考点的位置)处的实际声压力。然而，因为在鼓参考点与误差麦克风(称为误差参考点)之间的距离，误差麦克风信号仅是接近值并且不是在鼓参考点处的声压力的最佳指示。因此，因为噪音消除试图减少存在于误差麦克风信号中的周围音频声音，所以当在鼓参考点与误差参考点之间的距离较小时，噪音消除系统的性能可以是最大。当距离增大(例如，变换器以较低压力抵靠耳朵)时，噪音消除系统的性能会下降，部分因为从误差参考点到鼓参考点的转移函数的增益随着该增大距离而下降。在传统适应性噪音消除系统中不考虑该下降。
发明内容
根据本发明的教导，可以减少或消除与适应性噪音消除的现有方法相关的缺点和问题。
根据本发明的实施例，一种个人音频设备，可以包括个人音频设备壳体，变换器，参考麦克风，误差麦克风，和处理电路。变换器可以耦合到该壳体用于再现包括用于回播给听者的源音频信号和用于抵抗在变换器的声输出中的周围音频声音的作用的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号。参考麦克风可以安装到壳体上并且可以配置为提供指示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。误差麦克风可以安装到该壳体靠近变换器并且可以配置为提供指示变换器的声输出和在变换器处的周围音频声音。处理电路可以包括可以适应性滤波器，其具有从参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应；次级路径估算滤波器，其配置为建模源音频信号的电声路径并且具有从源音频信号产生次级路径估算的响应；偏置部，其通过应用比例缩放因子和次级路径估算滤波器的响应到抗噪音信号产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；以及系数控制模块，其通过调适适应性滤波器的响应与参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地塑形适应性滤波器的响应以使在误差麦克风信号中的周围音频声音最小化，其中回播校正误差基于在误差麦克风信号与源音频信号之间的差值，已修改回播校正误差信号基于在回播校正误差与比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
根据本发明的这些和其他实施例，一种用于消除在个人音频设备的变换器附近的周围音频声音的方法可以包括利用参考麦克风测量周围音频声音以产生参考麦克风信号。该方法还可以包括利用误差麦克风测量变换器的输出以及在变换器处的周围音频声音。该方法可以附加地包括产生回播给听者的源音频信号。该方法还可以包括从利用参考麦克风进行的测量的结果适应性地产生抗噪音信号，通过与参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地调适滤波参考麦克风信号的适应性滤波器的响应抵抗周围音频声音在变换器的声输出处的作用以使在误差麦克风中的周围音频声音最小化。该方法还可以包括通过利用建模源音频信号的电声路径的次级路径估算滤波器滤波源音频信号来从源音频信号产生次级路径估算。该方法可以附加地包括通过应用比例缩放因子和次级路径估算滤波器的响应到抗噪音信号产生比例缩放抗噪音信号。该方法可以还包括将抗噪音信号与源音频信号组合以产生提供给变换器的音频信号。回播校正误差可以基于在误差麦克风信号与源音频信号之间的差值，已修改回播校正误差信号可以基于在回播校正误差与比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
根据本发明的这些和其他实施例，一种用于实施至少一部分个人音频设备的集成电路，可以包括输出，参考麦克风输入，误差麦克风输入，以及处理电路。该输出可以配置为给变换器提供信号，该信号包括用于回播给听者的源音频信号和用于抵抗在变换器的声输出中的周围音频声音的作用的抗噪音信号两者。参考麦克风输入可以配置为接收指示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。误差麦克风输入可以配置为接收指示变换器的输出和在变换器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号。处理电路可以包括适应性滤波器，其具有从参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应；次级路径估算滤波器，其配置为建模源音频信号的电声路径并且具有从源音频信号产生次级路径估算的响应；偏置部，其通过应用比例缩放因子和次级路径估算滤波器的响应到抗噪音信号产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；以及系数控制模块，其通过调适适应性滤波器的响应与参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地塑形适应性滤波器的响应以使在误差麦克风信号中的周围音频声音最小化，其中回播校正误差基于在误差麦克风信号与源音频信号之间的差值，已修改回播校正误差信号基于在回播校正误差与比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
从本文包括的附图、说明书和权利要求，本领域的技术人员可以容易清楚本发明的技术优点。实施例的目的和优点将至少由在权利要求中特别指出的元件、特征和组合实现和完成。
应该理解前面的总体描述和后面的详细描述是示例性和解释性的，并且不限制在本发明中提出的权利要求。
附图说明
参考下面在关联附图考虑时的详细描述，可以获得对当前实施例和优点的更完整认识，其中相同参考标记指示相同特征，并且其中：
图1为根据本发明实施例的示例无线移动电话的示意图；
图2为根据本发明实施例的在图1所描述的无线电话内的选定电路的方框图。
图3为描述根据本发明实施例的在图3的编码器解码器(CODEC)集成电路的示例适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路内的选定信号处理电路和功能模块的方框图。
具体实施方式
本发明包括可在个人音频设备例如无线电话中实施的噪音消除技术及电路。个人语音设备包含ANC电路，其可以测量周围声环境并产生注入扬声器(或其他变换器)输出中以消除周围声事件的信号。可以提供参考麦克风以测量周围声环境，并且可以包括误差麦克风用于控制抗噪音信号的调适以消除周围音频声音以及用于校正从处理电路的输出通过变换器的电声路径。
现在参考图1，如根据本发明的实施例所示的无线电话10示出为邻近人的耳朵5。无线电话10为其中可采用根据本发明实施例的技术的设备的实例，但是应了解并不是为了实践在权利要求中叙述的本发明，需要所示无线电话10或后续图解中所描绘的电路中所体现的元件或配置的全部。无线电话10可以包括变送器例如扬声器SPKR，其重现无线电话10所接收的远端语音，连同其他本端音频事件例如铃声、所储存的音频程序材料、注入以提供平衡会话感觉的近端语音(即，无线电话10的用户的语音)、需要由无线电话10再现的其他音频例如来自网页的源或由无线电话10所接收的其他网络通信、以及音频指示例如电池低及其他系统事件通告。可以提供近端语音麦克风NS以捕捉从无线电话10传输至其他会话参与者的近端语音。
无线电话10可以包括ANC电路及特征，它们将抗噪音信号注入至扬声器SPKR中以改进远端语音及扬声器SPKR所重现的其他音频的清晰度。参考麦克风R可以被提供用于测量周围声环境且定位为远离使用者的嘴部通常所在的位置，以便近端语音在参考麦克风R所产生的信号中最小化。可以提供另一个麦克风，误差麦克风E，以便当无线电话10紧邻耳朵5时，通过提供与靠近在误差麦克风参考位置ERP处的耳部5的扬声器SPKR所重现的音频合成的周围音频的测量，来进一步改进ANC操作。在不同实施例中，可以采用附加参考和/或误差麦克风。在无线电话10内的电路14可以包括音频CODEC集成电路(IC)20，其接收来自参考麦克风R、近端语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E的信号并与其他集成电路例如具有无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12对接。在本发明的一些实施例中，本文所揭示的电路及技术可结合到单个集成电路，该单个集成电路含有用于实施整个个人音频设备例如片上MP3播放器集成电路的控制电路及其他功能。在这些和其他实施例中，本文公开的电路和技术可以局部或全部执行在实施于计算机可读介质中和/或可由控制器或其他处理设备执行的软件和/或固件中。
一般而言，本发明的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R上的周围声事件(与扬声器SPKR和/或近端语音的输出相对)，并且还通过测量撞击在误差麦克风E上的相同周围声事件，无线电话10的ANC处理电路调适从参考麦克风R的输出产生的抗噪音信号以具有使在误差麦克风E处(例如，在误差麦克风参考位置ERP处)的周围声事件的振幅最小化的特性。因为声路径P(z)从参考麦克风R延伸至误差麦克风E，所以ANC电路有效地估计声路径P(z)同时去除电声路径S(z)的作用。电声路径S(z)代表CODEC IC 20的音频输出的响应，以及在特定声环境中，包含在扬声器SPKR与误差麦克风E之间的耦合的扬声器SPKR的声/电传递函数，当无线电话10未牢固地压至耳朵5时，电声路径S(z)会受耳朵5和其他实物的接近性和结构、以及可能邻近无线电话10的人头部结构的影响。因为无线电话的听者实际听到在鼓参考点DRP处的扬声器SPKR的输出，在由误差麦克风E产生的误差麦克风信号与实际由听者所听到的声音之间的差值至少由耳道的响应以及在误差麦克风参考位置ERP与鼓参考位置DRP之间的空间距离塑形。
虽然所示无线电话10包含具有第三近端语音麦克风NS的双麦克风ANC系统，但是本发明的一些方面可以实践在不包含单独误差麦克风及参考麦克风的其他系统，或使用近端语音麦克风NS来执行参考麦克风R的功能的无线电话中。并且，在仅设计用于音频回播的个人音频设备中，不改变本发明的范围，也不限制提供用于输入到覆盖检测方案的麦克风的选项，将通常不包括近端语音麦克风NS，并且在下文更详细描述的电路中的近端语音信号路径可省略。
现参考图2，在无线电话10内的选定电路展示在方框图中。CODEC IC 20可以包括：模数转换器(ADC)21A，其用于接收参考麦克风信号并且产生参考麦克风信号的数字表示ref；ADC21B，其用于接收误差麦克风信号并且产生误差麦克风信号的数字表示err；以及ADC21C，其用于接收近端语音麦克风信号并且产生近端语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns。CODEC IC 20可以从放大器A1产生用于驱动扬声器SPKR的输出，该放大器A1可以放大接收合成器26的输出的数模转换器(DAC)23的输出。合成器26可以合成来自内部音频源24的音频信号ia、由ANC电路30所产生的抗噪音信号anti-noise(其根据约定具有与参考麦克风信号ref中的噪音相同的极性且因此被合成器26减除)、以及近端语音信号ns的一部分，以便无线电话10的使用者可以听到与接收自射频(RF)集成电路22的下行链路语音ds成适当关联的其自己的语音。近端语音信号ns还可以提供至RF集成电路22且作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT传输给服务提供者。
现在参考图3，根据本发明实施例示出ANC电路30的细节。适应性滤波器32可以接收参考麦克风信号ref并且在理想情况下，可以调适它的传递函数W(z)为P(z)/S(z)以产生抗噪音信号，其可以被提供给将抗噪音信号与要由变换器再现的音频合成的输出合成器，如由图2的合成器26示例。适应性滤波器32的系数可以由W系数控制模块31控制，W系数控制模块31使用信号相关确定适应性滤波器32的响应，其总体上以最小均方使在参考麦克风信号ref存在于误差麦克风信号err中的那些分量之间的误差最小化。由W系数控制模块31比较的信号可以是如由滤波器34B提供的路径S(z)的响应的估算的拷贝塑形的参考麦克风信号ref，和至少局部基于误差麦克风信号err的回播校正误差。回播校正误差可以如下面更详细描述地产生。
通过利用路径S(z)的响应(响应SECOPY(z))的估算变换参考麦克风信号ref，并且使在最终信号与误差麦克风信号err之间的差值最小化，适应性滤波器32可以调适到P(z)/S(z)的期望响应。除了误差麦克风信号err，由W系数控制模块31与滤波器34B的输出比较的信号可以包括已经由滤波器响应SECOPY(z)(SECOPY(z)是它的拷贝)处理的下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia的反向量。通过注入下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia的反向量，可以防止适应性滤波器32调适到存在于误差麦克风信号err中的相对较大量的下行链路音频和/或内部音频信号。然而，通过利用路径P(z)的响应的估算变换下行链路语音信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia的那个反向量，从误差麦克风信号err去除的下行链路音频和/或内部音频应该匹配在误差麦克风信号err处再现的下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia的期望版本。因为电声路径S(z)是下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia采用来到达误差麦克风E的路径。滤波器34B本质上可以不是滤波器，而可以具有被调谐来匹配适应性滤波器34A的响应的可调节响应，以便滤波器34B的响应跟踪适应性滤波器34A的响应。
为了实施上述内容，适应性滤波器34A可以具有由SE系数控制模块33控制的系数，该SE系数控制模块33可以将源音频信号(例如，下行链路音频信号ds和/或内部音频信号ia)与回播校正误差进行比较，其中回播校正误差等于在由合成器36去除源音频信号(如由适应性滤波器34A滤波以表示输送到误差麦克风E的期望回播音频)之后的误差麦克风信号err。SE系数控制模块33可以将实际源音频信号与源音频信号存在于误差麦克风信号err中的分量相关联。适应性滤波器34A从而可以被调适从源音频信号产生次级估算信号，其在从误差麦克风信号err减去以产生回播校正误差时，包含误差麦克风信号err不由于源音频信号的含量。
已修改回播校正误差可以发送给W系数控制模块31并且与已滤波器参考麦克风信号ref比较，其中已修改回播校正误差等于在(例如，由合成器38)去除由包括增益元件46和滤波器34C的偏置部产生的比例缩放抗噪音信号之后的回播校正误差。滤波器34C可以本质上不是适应性滤波器，而可以具有被调谐来匹配适应性滤波器34A的响应的可调节响应，以便滤波器34C的响应跟踪适应性滤波器34A的响应。增益元件46可以应用乘数比例缩放因子，并且滤波器34C可以应用响应SECOPY(z)(其是SE(z)的拷贝)到由滤波器32产生的抗噪音信号以产生比例缩放抗噪音信号。因而，ANC系统30的增益G(其中增益G是由没有增益元件46的典型ANC系统产生的抗噪音信号与由图3所示ANC系统30的滤波器32产生的抗噪音信号的比例。)可以通过修改增益元件46的比例缩放因子来改变，没有ANC系统30的其他部件补偿和无效增益G在它改变时的变化。在滤波器32的增益G与增益元件46的比例缩放因子k之间的关系可以由等式给出：
G＝1/(1-k)
为了补偿在误差麦克风参考点ERP与鼓参考点DRP之间的距离的变化，ANC电路30可以基于在误差麦克风参考点ERP与鼓参考点DRP之间的距离的估算或其他指示，改变比例缩放因子，并且因此增益G。该距离可以以任何合适方式估算，例如通过检测无线电话10抵靠听者耳朵5的压力，如在2013年3月15日提交的名称为“Monitoring of SpeakerImpedance to Detect Pressure Applied Between Mobile Device in Ear(检测施加在移动设备与耳朵之间的压力的扬声器阻抗的监视)”的US专利申请序列号No.13/844，602、和/或如在2011年12月2日提交的名称为“Ear-Coupling Detection and Adjustment ofAdaptive Response in Noise-Cancelling in Personal Audio Devices(个人音频设备中的噪音消除的适应性响应的耳朵耦联检测和调节)”的US专利申请序列号No.13/310,380中所描述，其中通过分析滤波器34A的响应SE(z)，由于在某些个人音频设备中响应SE(z)的幅度可以基于在扬声器SPKR与听者耳朵5之间的压力在某些频率(例如，小于1－2千赫兹)内改变的事实，可以估算距离和/或可以确定压力，并且因此，通过检查在该频率处的SE(z)的幅度，可以估算压力和/或距离。
本发明包含本领域的技术人员将会理解对本文示例性实施例的所有改变、替代、变形、替换、和修改。相似地，在恰当的地方，附属权利要求包含本领域的技术人员将会理解的对本文示例性实施例的所有改变、替代、变形、替换、和修改。而且，所附权利要求中的对适于、为设置为、能够(capable of)、被配置为、能够(enabled to)、可操作为(operableto)或操作为(operative to)执行特定功能的装置或系统或装置或系统的部件的参考包括装置、系统、部件，无论特定功能是否被激活、接通或解锁，只要装置、系统或部件被如此地适于、设置、能够、配置、能够、可操作或操作。
本文中所述的所有示例和条件性语言都是为了教导目的，以辅助读者理解本发明以及发明人对本领域做出进一步贡献的概念，并且应理解为并非对这样的特定所述的示例和条件的限制。尽管已经详细描述了本发明的实施方式，但是应该理解，可以在未脱离权利要求书中所述的本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以对本发明进行各种改变、替代和变形。

Claims (27)

1.一种个人音频设备，包括：
个人音频设备壳体；
变换器，其耦合到该个人音频设备壳体用于再现包括用于回播给听者的源音频信号和用于抵抗在所述变换器的声输出中的周围音频声音的作用的抗噪音信号两者的音频信号的变换器；
参考麦克风，其耦合到该个人音频设备壳体用于提供指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
误差麦克风，其耦合到该个人音频设备壳体靠近所述变换器用于提供指示所述变换器的所述声输出和在所述变换器处的所述周围音频声音；以及
处理电路；其包括
适应性滤波器，其具有响应，从所述参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号；
次级路径估算滤波器，其配置为建模所述源音频信号的电声路径，并且具有响应，从所述源音频信号产生次级路径估算；
偏置部，其通过将比例缩放因子和所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应应用到抗噪音信号，产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；以及
系数控制模块，其通过调适所述适应性滤波器的响应，与所述参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应，以使在所述误差麦克风信号中的所述周围音频声音最小化，其中回播校正误差信号基于所述误差麦克风信号与所述源音频信号的次级路径估算之间的差值，所述已修改回播校正误差信号基于所述回播校正误差信号与所述比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
2.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述比例缩放因子具有在0到1之间的值。
3.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述比例缩放因子限定增益，其中所述增益是将由没有所述偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号与将由具有所述偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号的比例。
4.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述比例缩放因子的值是在所述个人音频设备与一部分听者之间的距离的函数。
5.根据权利要求4所述的个人音频设备，其中所述距离是在所述变换器与听者的耳鼓之间的估算距离。
6.根据权利要求4所述的个人音频设备，其中
所述次级路径估算滤波器是适应性滤波器，并且所述处理电路还实施次级系数控制模块，所述次级系数控制模块通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述距离。
7.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中所述比例缩放因子的值是由听者施加到所述个人音频设备的压力的函数。
8.根据权利要求7所述的个人音频设备，其中所述压力是施加在所述个人音频设备与听者耳朵之间的压力。
9.根据权利要求7所述的个人音频设备，其中
所述次级路径估算滤波器是适应性滤波器，并且所述处理电路还实施次级系数控制模块，所述次级系数控制模块通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；
以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述压力。
10.一种用于消除在个人音频设备的变换器附近的周围音频声音的方法，该方法包括：
接收指示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
接收指示变换器的输出以及在变换器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；以及
产生回播给听者的源音频信号；
通过调适用于对所述参考麦克风信号进行滤波的适应性滤波器的响应来适应性地产生抗噪音信号，从而实现抵抗周围音频声音在所述变换器的声输出处的作用；其中调适所述适应性滤波器的响应是将所述适应性滤波器的响应调适为与所述参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致，以使在所述误差麦克风中的所述周围音频声音最小化；
通过利用建模所述源音频信号的电声路径的次级路径估算滤波器滤波所述源音频信号，来从所述源音频信号产生次级路径估算；
通过将比例缩放因子和所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应应用到所述抗噪音信号，产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；
将所述抗噪音信号与源音频信号组合以产生提供给所述变换器的音频信号；
其中回播校正误差信号基于所述误差麦克风信号与所述源音频信号的次级路径估算之间的差值，所述已修改回播校正误差信号基于所述回播校正误差信号与所述比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述比例缩放因子具有在0到1之间的值。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述比例缩放因子限定增益，其中所述增益是将由没有偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号与将由具有所述偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号的比例。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述比例缩放因子的值是在所述个人音频设备与一部分听者之间的距离的函数。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述距离是在所述变换器与听者的耳鼓之间的估算距离。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，还包括
通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述距离。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述比例缩放因子的值是由听者施加到所述个人音频设备的压力的函数。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述压力是施加在所述个人音频设备与听者耳朵之间的压力。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法，还包括
通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述压力。
19.一种用于实施至少一部分个人音频设备的集成电路，包括：用于给变换器提供信号的输出，所述信号包括用于回播给听者的源音频信号和用于抵抗在所述变换器的声输出中的周围音频声音的作用的抗噪音信号两者，
参考麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号，
误差麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述变换器的输出和在所述变换器处所述周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号，以及
处理电路，其包括：
适应性滤波器，其具有从所述参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应；
次级路径估算滤波器，其配置为建模所述源音频信号的电声路径，并且具有从所述源音频信号产生次级路径估算的响应；
偏置部，其通过将比例缩放因子和所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应到所述抗噪音信号，产生比例缩放抗噪音信号；以及
系数控制模块，其通过调适所述适应性滤波器的响应，与所述参考麦克风信号和已修改回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述适应性滤波器的响应，以使在所述误差麦克风信号中的所述周围音频声音最小化，其中回播校正误差基于所述误差麦克风信号与所述源音频信号的次级路径估算之间的差值，所述已修改回播校正误差信号基于所述回播校正误差信号与所述比例缩放抗噪音信号之间的差值。
20.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述比例缩放因子具有在0到1之间的值。
21.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述比例缩放因子限定增益，其中所述增益是将由没有所述偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号与将由具有所述偏置部的滤波器产生的抗噪音信号的比例。
22.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述比例缩放因子的值是在所述个人音频设备与一部分听者之间的距离的函数。
23.根据权利要求22所述的集成电路，其中所述距离是在所述变换器与听者的耳鼓之间的估算距离。
24.根据权利要求22所述的集成电路，其中
所述次级路径估算滤波器是适应性滤波器，并且所述处理电路还实施次级系数控制模块，所述次级系数控制模块通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述距离。
25.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述比例缩放因子是由听者施加到个人音频设备的压力的函数。
26.根据权利要求25所述的集成电路，其中所述压力是施加在所述个人音频设备与听者耳朵之间的压力。
27.根据权利要求25所述的集成电路，其中
所述次级路径估算滤波器是适应性滤波器，并且所述处理电路还实施次级系数控制模块，所述次级系数控制模块通过调适所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，与所述源音频信号和所述回播校正误差信号一致地塑形所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应，以使所述回播校正误差信号最小化；以及
基于所述次级路径估算滤波器的响应来确定所述压力。
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