CN104272206A - 转子叶片制造设备及相应的方法 - Google Patents
转子叶片制造设备及相应的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104272206A CN104272206A CN201380022617.7A CN201380022617A CN104272206A CN 104272206 A CN104272206 A CN 104272206A CN 201380022617 A CN201380022617 A CN 201380022617A CN 104272206 A CN104272206 A CN 104272206A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spinner blade
- web
- half shell
- bonding station
- equipment according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
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- G05B19/4202—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model
- G05B19/4207—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model in which a model is traced or scanned and corresponding data recorded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
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- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B25J11/0075—Manipulators for painting or coating
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- B25J9/1679—Programme controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1684—Tracking a line or surface by means of sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种装置,特别涉及一种用于测量、并且优选地连接至少两个待连接接合部件(H1,H2,S1,S2)的接合位置(FS)的设备。该设备包括用于将施涂剂施涂至所述接合位置(FS)的施涂装置(30)、用于测量接合位置(FS)的表面的至少一个测量装置(10)、以及用于沿着接合位置(FS)移动测量装置(10)的移动装置(20、25)。基于被测表面至少一个施涂参数被测量,由此表面决定的施涂过程能被实现。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种设备,特别是一种用于测量、并且优选地连接至少两个待连接接合部件的接合位置的表面的设备。待连接接合部件优选为用于制造转子叶片的半壳和/或用于转子叶片的加强腹板,其中转子叶片用于风力发电厂。所述设备尤其特别为一种用于制造用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的设备。本发明还涉及一种对应的方法和利用该方法制造的转子叶片。
背景技术
在通过粘附剂手工施涂制造用于风力发电厂的转子叶片中,各转子叶片半壳在它们相对于彼此限定的位置上定位并且在粘附剂施涂后粘合在一起。由于转子叶片半壳上的公差,接合间隙通常具有相对较大的公差。这些公差通常由例如捏合量(kneading mass)决定,并且,如果可能出现过少计量,则需要手动增加粘附剂量。对于粘附剂的自动施涂,粘附剂被机器人沿着预定义的、示教的轨迹施涂。通常,一固定施涂量被指定于这个轨迹的每个点。
传统转子叶片制造方法的不足之处在于这些方法往往导致材料消耗的增加。通常由于组件存在公差,粘附剂必须过量供应以实现完全接合填充。进一步地,传统转子叶片制造方法的质量总是有待提高和/或传统转子叶片制造方法总是关联有额外的修复。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于得到一种能够特别在风力发电厂的转子叶片的制造中使用的改进的和/或替代的设备。
这一目的特别地通过独立权利要求的特征予以实现。从属权利要求给出了有益发展。
优选地,一种设备被得出,该设备特别用于测量至少两个将连接在一起的接合部件的接合位置的表面和/或用于将至少两个将连接在一起的接合部件的接合位置的表面连接。设备合适地包括用于将施涂剂、优选为粘附材料(例如胶)和/或密封材料施涂至接合位置的施涂装置。所述设备合适地包括至少一个测量装置,所述至少一个测量装置用于测量接合位置的表面、特别是表面轮廓(例如表面拓扑结构,表面几何形状等),并且所述设备还包括例如移动装置,所述移动装置用于移动测量装置,特别用于沿着接合位置移动测量装置。所述设备特别地构造为基于被测表面确定至少一个施涂参数、优选为影响施涂过程的施涂参数,由此合适地,表面决定的、特别是表面公差决定的施涂过程可被实现。
利用根据本发明的设备,例如实际接合位置轮廓和期望接合位置轮廓之间的差异能够被确定,并且能够相应地调整施涂过程。由此,例如施涂剂可被计量从而使得无论过少还是过多的施涂剂均不会被施涂。并且,如果有必要,例如将被施涂的施涂剂串的进程可基于被测表面而变化。
可能的是,至少一个施涂参数包括将被施涂的施涂剂量。所述量可例如包括大致恒定的流出速率和/或变化的流出速率。
优选地,基于例如保存在记忆设备中的期望接合位置轮廓,施涂参数被确定。
特别地,可基于测定的表面轮廓和期望接合位置轮廓之间的差异确定施涂参数,其中测定的表面轮廓合适地代表实际接合位置轮廓。
特别地,将被施涂的施涂剂量、或一般至少一个施涂参数可基于由差异确定的修正值而变化。
替代地或附加地,至少一个施涂参数可包括将被移动装置和/或施涂装置施行的移动动态(例如速度)和/或移动轨迹。由于移动装置优选地用于移动施涂装置,因此将被移动装置施行的移动动态和/或移动轨迹在本发明中特别地包括将被施涂装置施行的移动动态和/或移动轨迹。
并且,至少一个施涂参数可例如包括将施涂剂串(例如粘附剂或密封剂串)被施涂的轨迹进程。
特别地,可能的是,施涂剂的与被测表面适应的可变流出量(例如流出速率)可被得出,和/或移动装置的、特别是施涂装置的与被测表面适应的可变移动动态(例如速度)和/或移动轨迹可被得出。
至少一个施涂参数优选地被定义由此保证接缝的填充但接缝的过度填充被至少减少,或大体上施涂剂的过多计量或过少计量至少被减少。
可能的是,测量装置附加地用于轨迹导引并且由此合适地能够实现测量装置导引的、特别是传感器导引的施涂剂的施涂。在本发明中测量装置可包括设置用于不同目的的多个测量装置。然而,可能的是,同一个测量装置可用于测量和实现测量装置导引的轨迹导引。应当说明的,轨迹导引系统还可集成在例如测量装置、特别是传感器内。
至少一个测量装置可例如包括至少一个传感器,特别包括至少一个2D或3D传感器、至少一个距离传感器、至少一个光学传感器和/或至少一个摄像系统。
移动装置还优选地用于移动施涂装置、特别地用于导引施涂装置。这允许例如施涂装置可优选地与测量装置一同被移动。特别地,测量装置和施涂装置可彼此紧邻设置。替代地或附加地,测量装置优选相对于移动方向向前定向。优选地,施涂装置相对于移动方向在测量装置后方设置。
移动装置可包括例如机器人、尤其多轴机器人,测量装置和/或施涂装置安装在机器人、尤其多轴机器人上。替代地或优选地,移动装置可包括移动的桥门结构,所述桥门结构优选地包括至少两个侧部(例如两个支撑件、或一个支撑件一个壁等)以及将所述侧部连接的承载件,其中多轴机器人可沿着承载件行进和/或从承载件向下延伸。在本发明中,移动的桥门结构还包括例如单侧或双侧壁式的桥门结构和/或由地板导引的桥门结构。
可能的是,所述设备包括例如构造为混合多组分粘附材料的动态混合装置。混合装置优选地设置在施涂装置的直接前方或施涂装置内。
可能的是,含有施涂剂的材料供应部在桥门结构上安装并且优选地与桥门结构一同移动。
并且,所述设备可包括用于计量将被施涂的施涂剂的计量单元。计量单元可优选地与多轴机器人一同行进,例如沿着所述承载件与多轴机器人一同行进。由此前述量合适地优选为计量的量。
所述设备可包括构造为执行一个或多个确定和/或构造为控制设备组件的计算和/或控制单元,其中调节单元合适地包含于本发明中。所述一个或多个确定可优选地即时地执行。
设备还可包括搬运装置,该搬运装置构造为在施涂剂施涂之后将待连接接合部件送至一起用于粘合。
待连接接合部件优选地为用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的半壳和/或用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的加强腹板。所述设备由此特别地为一种用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的设备或用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的至少部分的设备。
在本发明中,至少一个施涂参数可特别与施涂剂(例如量、流出速率、施涂剂串进程等)、施涂装置和/或移动装置(例如移动动态、速度、移动轨迹、施涂剂串集成等)相关。在本发明中,施涂参数可与同所述设备关联的任何组件相关,其中与所述设备关联的任何组件不一定连接至施涂剂的实际施涂。在本发明中,施涂参数可例如包括施涂剂的施涂之前、施涂中、和/或施涂之后的工艺。
应当说明的是,在本发明中,特别地,施涂剂的可变流出速率可能伴随有移动装置(特别是工具中心点(TCP))的大致恒定的速度,和/或大致恒定的流出速率可能伴随有移动装置的可变速度。
本发明没有局限于设备,而是还包括方法,该方法特别用于测量至少两个待连接接合部件的接合位置和/或用于将至少两个待连接接合部件的接合位置连接,所述方法可优选地借助本文中描述的设备实施。在所述方法中,优选地,施涂装置沿着接合位置移动并且将施涂剂施涂至接合位置,测量装置合适地沿着接合位置移动,由此例如接合位置的所述表面被测量,并且基于被测表面,至少一个施涂参数、优选为影响施涂过程的施涂参数被确定,由此合适地,表面决定的、特别是表面公差决定的施涂过程得以实现。
所述方法特别地意在为一种用于风力发电厂的转子叶片或用于至少风力发电厂的转子叶片的部分的制造方法。
通常,两个转子叶片半壳粘合在一起,其中至少一个腹板在两个转子叶片半壳之间插入并且粘合至两个转子叶片半壳的内壁。在此产生了这样的问题:转子叶片半壳和腹板的制造关联有一可观的组件公差,由此使得两个转子叶片半壳之间和转子叶片半壳与腹板之间的粘附间隙也相应地关联有公差,这导致在制造中出现波动的间隙尺寸。这进而会带来困难,那是因为必须施涂足够的粘附剂以确保即使在最大间隙尺寸处也能形成牢固的粘附剂缝。由此,对于粘附间隙的最小间隙尺寸,过多的粘附剂经常被施涂,这在极端情况下会导致粘附剂残留的脱落,脱落的粘附剂残留进而会在风力发电厂的运行中于转子叶片内四处飞荡并且造成破坏。进一步必须指出的是,粘附剂缝的机械载荷承载能力取决于粘附剂缝厚度和/或间隙尺寸。对于间隙尺寸为零的接合部件完全不能粘合在一起,这是因为此时没有粘附剂被施涂至粘附表面。反之,对于相当大的间隙尺寸,随着间隙尺寸增加,粘附剂接缝的机械载荷承载能力逐渐减小,这是因为粘附剂自身仅仅具有相对低的机械强度。由此,本发明的目的在于形成这样的粘附剂缝:该粘附剂缝具有大于零的特定最优厚度并且允许粘附剂接缝的机械载荷承载能力最大。
由此,本发明包括各种更多的变型例以在粘合风力发电厂的转子叶片半壳时解决上述问题。
在本发明的一个变型例中,首先,至少一个腹板粘合至第一转子叶片半壳的内壁,其中第一粘附材料具有第一适用期。在此适用期定义了相应的粘附剂的作用能力的时长。在本发明优选示范性实施方式中,通常两个这样的腹板粘合至第一转子叶片半壳的内壁,但是在本发明中原理上不同数目的腹板也能够插入两个转子叶片半壳之间。
然后,第二转子叶片半壳粘合至第一转子叶片半壳和一个腹板或多个腹板,其中第二粘附材料具有第二适用期。
在这个变型例中,本发明提出使得第一粘附剂具有比第二粘附剂短的适用期。这点有利的原因在于对于:在腹板和第一转子叶片半壳的粘合时,对于每个腹板仅仅需要施涂单个粘附剂缝,这需要相对少的时间由此可使用快速固化的粘附剂。这点有利的原因还在于在固化中腹板必须总是被精确对准,从而快速固化被期待。然而,在第二转子叶片半壳的粘合时,两个粘附剂缝必须在两个转子叶片半壳之间施涂并且此外每个腹板也需要施涂粘附剂缝,由于较多数目的粘附剂缝需要更多的时间,从而较长的适用期被期待。
然而,本发明的另一变型例考虑了这样的事实:转子叶片半壳通常在模具中制成,由此各转子叶片半壳的半壳外尺寸通过内尺寸所使用的模具的内尺寸被预定义,而各转子叶片半壳的半壳内尺寸基于制造而变化。由此,在本发明的这个变型例中提出,对于各转子叶片半壳,半壳内尺寸和半壳外尺寸分别被测量,从半壳内尺寸和半壳外尺寸可以计算转子叶片半壳的壁厚和/或转子叶片半壳之间的粘附间隙的粘附间隙尺寸。当粘附剂在两个转子叶片壳之间施涂时,此时基于由如此计算得的壁厚和/或由此计算得的粘附间隙尺寸设置施涂参数(例如粘附剂量)。在此,利用预定义的制造模具来一次测定半壳外尺寸是足够的,而半壳内尺寸优选地对于各转子叶片半壳分别进行测量。
上述已经提到,优选地,至少一个腹板在两个转子叶片半壳之间插入,至少一个腹板粘合至两个转子叶片半壳的内壁。优选地,在一个转子叶片半壳中粘合腹板的粘附剂缝由机器人在结构上的预定义位置上施涂。粘附剂缝尽可能平坦地施涂,以留给腹板的相反端上的粘附剂缝尽可能大的公差预留。
进一步地,如已经提及的,在粘合至转子叶片壳的内壁时,腹板必须在空间上精确对准直至粘附剂完成固化。为了有助于各腹板的精确空间定向,在本发明的一个变型例中提出将光学对准辅助手段投射至腹板上,利用该光学对准辅助手段操作员能够手动地将腹板对准。例如借助激光器,激光标记可投射在腹板的自由端上。
上述已经指出的是,转子叶片半壳的制造关联有可观的部件公差,该部件公差导致粘附间隙尺寸的相应公差、特别是腹板的自由端和粘合至腹板的自由端的转子叶片半壳之间的粘附间隙尺寸的相应公差。由此在本发明进一步的变型例中提出在参考面和相应腹板的自由端之间测出距离尺寸。然后基于此,腹板的自由端和粘合至腹板的自由端的转子叶片半壳的粘附间隙的间隙尺寸被算出。当粘附剂施涂至腹板的自由端和/或另一转子叶片半壳的内壁上的相关粘附剂表面时,此时基于计算出的间隙尺寸调整施涂参数(例如粘附剂量)。
本发明还包括用于风力发电厂的转子叶片,该转子叶片采用本文所描述的方法制成。
附图说明
本发明上述描述的特征和优选实施方式能够以任意方式组合。本发明的其它有利的发展在从属权利要求中公开或将从本发明的优选实施方式的结合附图的下述说明中得出。
图1A 示出了两个待连接接合部件和根据本发明的一个实施方式的设备的透视图;
图1B 示出了取自图1A的设备的放大部分;
图2 示出了实际接合位置轮廓、期望接合位置轮廓以及根据本发明一个实施方式的设备的示意性原理图;
图3 示出了两个待连接接合部件和根据本发明的一个实施方式的设备的一部分的透视图;
图4 示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的两个转子叶片半和用于这些转子叶片半的两个加强腹板的示意性透视图;
图5 示出了根据本发明一个实施方式的方法的流程图;
图6A–6E 示出了将两个转子叶片半壳以及两个腹板粘合为用于风力发电厂的转子叶片过程中的多个制造阶段;
图7A和7B 必须粘合在一起形成转子的两个转子叶片半壳的剖视图,其中转子叶片内尺寸和转子叶片外尺寸被分别标记;
图8 其内粘附有两个腹板的转子叶片半壳的剖视图,其中腹板的自由端和粘附至腹板的自由端的转子叶片半壳之间的粘附间隙尺寸被测量。
具体实施方式
参考各附图所描述的各实施方式部分对应,其中,类似或相同的部件具有相同的附图标记,并且对于这些附图标记的解释参考了其它实施方式的说明或附图,从而避免赘述。
图1A展示一种用于测量两个待连接接合部件H1和H2的接合位置FS的表面的设备。接合部件H1和H2为用于制造用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的转子叶片半壳。图1B展示了来所述设备的自图1A的放大部分。
所述设备包括测量装置10,所述测量装置10用于测量接合位置FS的所述表面,特别用于测量接合位置FS的表面轮廓(例如表面拓扑结构、表面几何形状等)。所述设备进一步地包括施涂装置30,所述施涂装置30用于向接合位置FS施涂施涂剂,特别是粘附剂或密封剂材料。所述设备进一步地包括用于沿着接合位置FS移动测量装置10和施涂装置30的移动装置20、25。测量装置10靠近施涂装置30地设置并且相对于移动方向向前定向。
移动装置包括可移动桥门结构25,可移动桥门结构25包括两个侧部26和将两侧部26连接的承载件27。移动装置还包括用以导引测量装置10和施涂装置30的多轴机器人20。多轴机器人20可以沿着承载件27沿着箭头P2行进并且从承载件27向下延伸。所述设备还包括材料供应部50,所述材料供应部50在可移动桥门结构25上安装并且随着桥门结构25移动。
所述设备进一步地包括用于计量将被施涂的施涂剂的计量单元60。计量单元60可优选地同多轴机器人20沿着承载件27一同行进。
所述设备构造为基于接合位置FS的被测表面确定至少一个施涂参数,并且由此实现表面决定的施涂过程。
由此,可能的是,将被施涂的施涂剂量由被测表面确定,并且相应地调整施涂过程。
优选地基于期望的接合位置轮廓、并且特别地基于描述了实际接合位置轮廓的测定表面轮廓和期望接合位置轮廓之间的差异执行上述确定。将被施涂的施涂剂量可基于由上述差异所决定的修正值而变化。
还可能的是,基于接合位置FS的被测表面,施涂装置30的将施行的移动动态和/或移动轨迹被确定,并且相应地调整施涂过程。这例如还允许基于接合位置FS的被测表面执行施涂剂串的进程。
由此,适合于接合位置FS的被测表面的可变施涂剂流出量被得出,并且替代地或附加地,移动装置20、25的以及由此施涂装置30的与接合位置FS的适合于被测表面的可变移动动态/移动轨迹被得出。
将被施涂的施涂剂量和移动装置20、25的将施行的移动动态被定义,由此使得粘附剂或密封剂接缝的填充被保证,但粘附剂或密封剂接缝的过度填充至少被减少。
测量装置10还可用于轨迹导引,由此使得测量装置导引的、特别是传感器导引的施涂过程能够被实现。在本发明中,测量装置10可由多个测量设备形成。
测量装置10可例如包括一个或多个合适的传感器(例如2D或3D传感器、距离传感器、光学传感器等)或一个或多个摄像系统。
所述设备还可包括以将多组分粘附材料混合的混合装置(未示出)l。混合装置优选地在施涂装置30的直接前方或甚至在施涂装置30上设置,并且混合装置特别用于混合所谓的2K粘附剂。
施涂剂可为在风力发电厂的转子叶片的制造中所应用的传统的粘附剂或传统的密封剂材料。
图2展示了根据本发明的实施方式的设备的示意性原理图。图2高度示意性地展示了桥门结构25、可移动地安装在桥门结构25上的多轴机器人20以及被多轴机器人20导引的施涂装置30,其中测量装置10在施涂装置30上设置。指定于施涂装置30的施涂喷嘴31也被示出。进一步地,示意性地,用于计量将被施涂的施涂剂、并且能够同多轴机器人20一起行进的计量装置60也被示出。
并且,可以看到接合位置FS的表面的期望轮廓和接合位置FS表面的实际轮廓。显然,期望轮廓为理想化的表面轮廓,在现实中极少出现,并且单纯参考期望轮廓施涂所述施涂剂将导致施涂剂的过多计量和/或过少计量。
然而,由于在本发明中施涂参数是基于被测量的并且由此实际存在的表面而确定的,由此施涂过程并非仅仅基于理论上的期望假设而是基于实际数据,从而例如过多计量和/或过少计量能够至少被减少。
图2还示出了构造为执行施涂参数的确定和/或构造为相应地控制所述设备的计算/控制单元40,其中调节单元也可包含在在本发明中。控制/计算单元40执行的上述确定可例如即时地进行。计算/控制单元40可直接或间接地与测量装置10、移动装置20、25、施涂装置30、材料供应部50和/或计量单元60连接。
所述设备还可包括搬运装置,所述搬运装置构造为在粘附剂和/或密封剂材料施涂至接合位置FS后将待连接的半壳H1和H2送到一起用于粘合。搬运装置可为现有技术已知的用于将用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的两半壳送至一起的传统搬运装置。
在本发明特别优选的实施方式中,所述设备构造为实施下述工艺步骤:
1.检测接合位置FS的表面,
2.计算需要的施涂剂量,其中比较测定表面轮廓与期望表面轮廓,并且从该比较得出的差异计算得出将被施涂的施涂剂量和/或修正值,
3.基于修正值调整需要的施涂剂计量量,并且
4.优选地通过传感器导引所述施涂剂的施涂
图3展示了两个待连接接合部件H1和H2和根据本发明实施方式的设备的透视图。图3也示出了由仅局部示出的移动装置导引的测量装置10和施涂装置30。接合部件H1的在图3中笔直延伸的接合位置FS用于粘合至接合部件H2的在图3中笔直延伸的接合位置FS,而图3中曲线延伸的接合位置FS用于粘合至图3中未示出的加强腹板。
图4示出了一种根据本发明实施方式的用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的示意图。转子叶片由两个半壳H1和H2以及用于加强半壳体H1和H2的两个加强腹板S1和S2形成。附图标记FS指代接合位置被连接的半壳H1和H2之间的接合位置(图4中的左右接合位置FS)、以及加强腹板S1和S2与半壳H1和H2之间的接合位置(图4的中间接合位置FS)。
图5示出了根据本发明实施方式的方法的流程图,其中所述方法特别用于测量至少两个待连接接合部件H1、H2、S1和S2的接合位置FS的表面,并且该方法优选地用于上述至少两个待连接接合部件H1、H2、S1和S2的接合位置FS的表面的连接。该方法可优选地用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的制造过程并且特别地利用上述设备予以实施。
在步骤ST1中,待连接接合部件H1、H2、S1和S2的接合位置FS的第一表面轮廓被测量。
在步骤ST2中,然后基于测定表面轮廓确定至少一个施涂参数,其中施涂参数优选地包括将被施涂的施涂剂量,但还可包括例如施涂装置30和/或导引施涂装置30的移动装置20、25的移动速度和/或移动轨迹。
在步骤ST3中,根据被确定的施涂参数并且由此基于测定的表面轮廓将施涂剂施涂至接合位置FS。附加地或替代地,导引施涂装置30的移动装置20、25可基于测定的表面轮廓而被控制或调整,特别地所述移动装置以与它的待施行速度和/或移动轨迹相关地被控制或调整。
现在图6A和6E中示出的本发明变型例在下文予以描述。
在此仅示意性示出的两个转子叶片半壳70、71粘合在一起,其中两个腹板72、73在两个转子叶片半壳70、71之间插入以增加所形成的转子叶片的刚度,而转子叶片的刚度对于在风力发电厂中的使用是重要的。
根据图6A,在第一步骤中,首先转子叶片半壳70被设置。
根据图6B,在第二步骤中,在转子叶片半壳70的内壁上,在转子叶片半壳70的纵向上延伸的两个粘附剂串74、75被施涂。粘附剂串74在此以与转子叶片半壳70的侧缘相距距离C地被施涂,而粘附剂串75以与转子叶片半壳70的侧缘相距距离D地被施涂。距离C、D在结构上被预定义,其中粘附剂串74、75被机器人控制地施涂,这确保距离C、D以低公差地形成。
在下一步骤中,根据图6C,腹板72、73置于粘附剂串74,75上以将腹板72、73粘合至转子叶片半壳70。腹板72、73必须在空间上精确地定向直至粘附剂串74、75的粘附剂固化。腹板72、73通过操作员被手动对准。为了助于腹板72、73的手动对准,两个激光器76、77被设置,所述激光器在腹板72、73的自由端上各投射一个激光标记78、79。操作员然后能够根据激光标记78,79对准腹板72、73,从而确保腹板72、73根据预定义的技术规格地对准。
在进一步的步骤中,根据图6D,更多的粘附剂串80、81、82、83被施涂在腹板72的自由端上和转子叶片半壳70的粘附剂表面上。
在下一个步骤中,根据图6E,另一个转子叶片半壳71被置于转子叶片半壳70和腹板72、73上并且粘合至转子叶片半壳70和腹板72、73。
在此粘附剂串74、75由相对快速固化的粘附剂组成,而粘附剂串80-83由相对缓慢固化的粘附剂组成。这是有用的,原因在于两粘附剂串74、75可被相对快速地施涂,而由于粘附剂串80-83数量更多由此粘附剂串80-83的施涂需要更多的时间。
转子叶片半壳70、71通常在模具中制成,由此使得转子叶片半壳70、71具有被所使用的模具的内尺寸预定义的恒定的转子叶片外尺寸B1、B2,如从图7A和7B清楚可见。由此,在根据图7A和7B的本发明变型例中,基于所使用的模具,通常转子叶片外尺寸B1和/或B2至测量一次。
然而,在各转子叶片半壳70、71的制造中,相应的转子叶片内尺寸A1和/或A2在部件之间存在变化。由此在本发明中,对于每个部件的优选地需要分别测量转子叶片内尺寸A1、A2。
然后,两个转子叶片半壳70、71之间形成的粘附间隙的厚度D1可从转子叶片内尺寸A1、A2和转子叶片外尺寸B1、B2的测量值算出。然后在粘附剂串81、82的施涂中,相应地调整施涂参数(例如粘附剂量)。
最后,图8示出了本发明进一步的变型例,该变型例部分与前述变型例对应,由此为了避免赘述,参考上述说明,其中对于对应的细节使用了相同的附图标记。
在此的特别特征在于在腹板72、73粘合至转子叶片半壳70的内壁后,腹板72、73的自由端和参考面84之间的距离E和/或F被测出。距离值E、F基于也波动变化的转子叶片半壳70的壁厚而波动。然后在将粘附剂串80、81(参见6D)向腹板72、73的自由端施涂时可考虑距离值E、F,从而能够相应地使得粘附剂串80、81适应化。
本发明没有局限于上述描述的优选实施方式。而是,同样采用本发明的思想并且由此落在本发明的保护范围内的多个变型例和修改例是可能的。此外,本发明还独立于各从属权利要求所引用的权利要求和特征地要求所述各从属权利要求和各从属权利要求的特征的保护。
Claims (26)
1.一种用于连接至少两个待连接接合部件(H1,H2,S1,S2)的接合位置(FS)的设备,该设备包括:
施涂装置(30),其用于将施涂剂、特别是粘附剂和/或密封剂材料施涂至所述接合位置(FS)的至少一个,
其特征在于:
至少一个测量装置(10)被设置,用于测量接合位置(FS)的至少一个表面,特别是用于测量接合位置(FS)的至少一个表面轮廓,并且
移动装置(20、25)被设置,用于沿着至少一个接合位置(FS)移动测量装置(10),并且
基于至少一个被测表面至少一个施涂参数被确定,并且优选地由此表面决定的施涂过程能被实现。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:至少一个施涂参数包括将被施涂的施涂剂量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于:基于至少一个期望的接合位置轮廓进行上述确定。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:基于至少一个测定表面轮廓与至少一个期望接合位置轮廓之间的差异进行上述确定。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其特征在于:将被施涂的施涂剂量基于由所述差异确定的修正值而变化。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:所述至少一个施涂参数包括:
移动装置(20、25)的将施行的移动动态/移动轨迹,特别是施涂装置(30)将施行的移动动态/移动轨迹,和/或
将被施涂的施涂剂串的轨迹进程。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:
施涂剂的与至少一个被测表面适应的可变流出量能够被建立,和/或
移动装置(20、25)的、特别是施涂装置(30)的与至少一个被测表面适应的可变移动动态/移动轨迹能够被建立。
8.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:至少一个施涂参数、特别将被施涂的施涂剂量和/或将施行的移动动态/移动轨迹能够被建立,由此使得接缝的填充得以保证但接缝的过度填充至少被减少。
9.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:测量装置(10)包括下述的至少一个:
至少一个传感器,特别是2D或3D传感器,
至少一个距离传感器,
至少一个光学传感器,
至少一个摄像系统。
10.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:测量装置(10)附加地用于轨迹导引,并且由此优选地测量装置导引的施涂剂的施涂能够被实现。
11.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:
移动装置(20、25)用于沿着至少一个接合位置(FS)移动施涂装置(30),特别地施涂装置(30)连同测量装置(10)能够被移动装置(20、25)移动,和/或
测量装置(10)在施涂装置(30)上设置并且测量装置(10)优选地相对于移动方向朝前定向。
12.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:移动装置包括:
多轴机器人(20),测量装置(10)和/或施涂装置(30)安装在所述多轴机器人(20)上,和/或
可移动桥门结构(25),其包括至少两个侧部(26)和连接所述至少两个侧部(26)的承载件(27),其中,多轴机器人(20)能够沿着承载件(27)行进并且优选地从承载件(27)向下延伸。
13.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:特别地动态混合装置被设置以混合多组分粘附材料,并且混合装置优选地在施涂装置(30)直接前方或在施涂装置(30)内设置。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的设备,其特征在于:材料供应部(50)在可移动桥门结构(25)上安装并且与桥门结构(25)一同移动。
15.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:所述设备包括用于计量将被施涂的施涂剂的计量单元(60),计量单元(60)优选地能够与多轴机器人(20)一起沿着承载件(27)行进。
16.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于;所述设备还包括计算/控制单元(40),所述计算/控制单元(40)构造为执行所述确定,和/或所述确定即时地进行。
17.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于;所述设备还包括搬运装置,所述搬运装置构造为在粘附剂和/或密封剂材料施涂之后将待连接接合部件(H1,H2,S1,S2)送至一起用于粘合。
18.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的设备,其特征在于:待连接接合部件(H1,H2)为用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的半壳、和/或用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的加强腹板(S1,S2),并且所述设备由此合适地为用于制造风力发电厂的转子叶片的设备。
19.一种用于连接至少两个待连接接合部件(H1,H2,S1,S2)的接合位置(FS)的方法,其中:
沿着至少一个接合位置(FS)移动施涂装置(30)并且向所述至少一个接合位置(FS)施涂施涂剂,
其特征在于:
沿着所述至少一个接合位置(FS)移动至少一个测量装置(10),
测量接合位置(FS)的至少一个表面,特别测量接合位置(FS)的至少一个表面轮廓,并且
基于被测的所述至少一个表面确定至少一个施涂参数,并且优选地由此表面决定的施涂过程能够被实现。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于:所述方法为用于风力发电厂的转子叶片的制造方法。
21.根据权利要求19和20任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:
a)至少一个腹板(72、73)粘合至第一转子叶片半壳(70)的内壁,其中具有第一适用期的第一粘附材料(74,75)被使用,
b)第二转子叶片半壳(71)粘合至第一转子叶片半壳(70)并且粘合至腹板(72、73),其中具有第二适用期的第二粘附材料(80-83)被使用,并且
c)第一适用期短于第二适用期。
22.根据权利要求19至21任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:
a)针对连接在一起的两个转子叶片半壳(70、71)测量半壳内尺寸(A1,A2),
b)针对连接在一起的两个转子叶片半壳(70、71)测量半壳外尺寸(B1,B2),
c)由测定的半壳内尺寸(A1,A2)和测定的半壳外尺寸(B1,B2)计算两个转子叶片半壳的壁厚和/或两个转子叶片半壳(70、71)之间的粘附间隙的粘附间隙尺寸,
d)将粘附材料(82,83)施涂以将两个转子叶片半壳(70、71)粘合在一起,并且
e)在粘附材料施涂过程中基于计算得出的壁厚和/或基于计算得出的粘附间隙尺寸调节所述施涂参数,
f)其中各半壳外尺寸(B1,B2)优选地在用于转子叶片半壳(70、71)的预限定的制造模具上测量一次,
g)而对于每个转子叶片半壳(70、71),半壳内尺寸(A1,A2)优选地分别进行测量。
23.根据权利要求19至22任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:该方法还包括下述步骤:
a)在转子叶片半壳(70)中确立至少一个腹板(72、73)的期望位置(C,D),
b)通过机器人在确立的位置上(C,D)将粘附材料(74,75)施涂至转子叶片半壳(70)的内壁。
24.根据权利要求19至23任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:该方法还包括下述步骤:
a)借助粘附材料(74,75)将至少一个腹板(72、73)粘合至转子叶片半壳(70)的内壁,
b)在粘附材料(74,75)的固化期间内对准腹板(72、73),
c)向腹板(72、73)投射光学对准辅助手段(78,79)以助于腹板(72、73)的对准,特别地通过激光器(76,77)向所述腹板投射激光标来助于腹板(72、73)的对准。
25.根据权利要求19至24任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:该方法还包括下述步骤:
a)针对连接在一起的两个转子叶片半壳(70、71)测量半壳内尺寸(A1,A2),
b)将至少一个腹板(72、73)粘合至两个转子叶片半壳(70)之一的内壁,
c)测量参考面(84)和腹板(72、73)的自由端之间的距离尺寸(E,F),
d)基于测定的半壳内尺寸和测定的距离尺寸计算腹板(72、73)的自由端和将粘合至所述自由端的转子叶片半壳(71)之间的粘附间隙的间隙尺寸,
e)施涂粘附材料(80,81)以将腹板(72、73)的自由端粘合至另一转子叶片半壳的内壁,其中施涂参数取决于计算得出的粘附间隙的间隙尺寸。
26.一种用于风力发电厂的转子叶片,该转子叶片根据权利要求19至25任一项所述的方法制成。
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DE102012021658A DE102012021658A1 (de) | 2012-05-03 | 2012-11-05 | Rotorblattherstellvorrichtung und zugehöriges Verfahren |
PCT/EP2013/001324 WO2013164101A1 (de) | 2012-05-03 | 2013-05-03 | Rotorblattherstellvorrichtung und zugehöriges verfahren |
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