CN104271973B - 外圈旋转用轴承 - Google Patents

外圈旋转用轴承 Download PDF

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CN104271973B
CN104271973B CN201380022563.4A CN201380022563A CN104271973B CN 104271973 B CN104271973 B CN 104271973B CN 201380022563 A CN201380022563 A CN 201380022563A CN 104271973 B CN104271973 B CN 104271973B
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outer ring
bearing
lubricating grease
mounting portion
sealing element
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CN104271973A (zh
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香田毅
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F16C33/7853—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/768—Sealings of ball or roller bearings between relatively stationary parts, i.e. static seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F16C33/7853—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race
    • F16C33/7856—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race with a single sealing lip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3268—Mounting of sealing rings
    • F16J15/3276—Mounting of sealing rings with additional static sealing between the sealing, or its casing or support, and the surface on which it is mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/63—Gears with belts and pulleys

Abstract

本发明提供一种外圈旋转用轴承，防止外圈以高速旋转的外圈旋转用轴承的润滑脂泄漏，以使轴承寿命延长。一对密封件(6)的橡胶制的安装部(9)嵌入到外圈(2)的环状槽(7)，该一对密封件(6)的橡胶制的安装部(9)将内圈(1)与外圈(2)之间的环状空间(5)的轴向两侧封堵，在该一对密封件(6)设置有润滑脂防漏唇(弹性唇)(13)，该润滑脂防漏唇(13)朝向轴承内部突出，且从外圈(2)的内周侧与环状槽(7)的槽缘部密接，由此，即使密封件(6)被受到离心力的润滑脂(G)按压而朝轴向外侧移位，密封件(6)的润滑脂防漏唇(13)也发挥将密封件安装部(9)与环状槽(7)之间产生的间隙封堵的盖的作用，能够防止润滑脂从该间隙泄漏。

Description

外圈旋转用轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于汽车等、且外圈以高速旋转的外圈旋转用轴承。
背景技术
对于外圈旋转用轴承而言，通常，内圈与外圈之间的环状空间的轴向两侧被在外圈内周面的两端部安装的一对密封件封堵，在该内圈与外圈件之间配置有多个滚动体，并且，在被密封件密封的环状空间封入有润滑脂等润滑剂，内圈被固定而外圈进行旋转。并且，以往，通过增大外圈的内径而使环状空间的容积增加，使润滑剂的封入量增加，由此实现寿命的延长。
然而，在上述这种外圈旋转用轴承中，若通过增大外圈的内径而使润滑剂的封入量增加，则有时反而会使寿命缩短。以球轴承为例对此进行说明，如图6(a)所示，通常，在外圈51的两端部安装的密封件52具有由橡胶形成的环状的安装部53，该安装部53嵌入到在外圈51内周面设置的环状槽54。因此，若外圈51的内径较大，则受到离心力的润滑脂G对密封件52朝轴向外侧按压的力增大，如图6(b)所示，密封件52整体有时因该安装部53的弹性变形而朝轴向外侧略微移位，导致润滑脂G从密封件安装部53与环状槽54之间泄漏。
另外，若使润滑脂G的封入量增加，则润滑脂G的搅拌阻力也增大，轴承温度升高，使得形成密封件安装部53的橡胶的劣化提前，因而，从这一点来看，也容易产生润滑脂泄漏。
针对上述那样的润滑脂泄漏，一般情况下，采取如下对策：由难以热劣化的橡胶形成密封件安装部，或者选定发热较少的润滑脂。另外，还提出有各种抑制轴承的温度上升的方法，例如，在下述专利文献1中，使得嵌入到外圈的树脂制的带轮主体不将外圈的两端面以及外周面的两端部覆盖，由此提高轴承的散热性。
专利文献1：日本特开2009-174588号公报
然而，特别是在汽车的发动机用带轮轴承等的、在接近轴承的极限转速的高速条件下使用的外圈旋转用轴承中，作用于润滑脂的离心力较大，另外，轴承温度容易升高，因此，凭借上述那样的现有对策无法充分应对，因润滑脂的泄漏而容易导致寿命缩短。
发明内容
因此，本发明的课题在于，防止外圈以高速旋转的外圈旋转用轴承的润滑脂泄漏，以使轴承寿命延长。
为了解决上述课题，本发明提供一种外圈旋转用轴承，其具备：多个滚动体，这些滚动体配置于内圈与外圈之间；以及一对密封件，该一对密封件将上述内圈与外圈之间的环状空间的轴向两侧封堵，上述各密封件具有由弹性部件形成的环状的安装部，该安装部嵌入到在上述外圈的内周面设置的环状槽，在上述环状空间封入有润滑剂，上述内圈被固定而外圈进行旋转，该外圈旋转用轴承采用如下结构，即：在上述各密封件设置有朝向轴承内部突出的弹性唇，使该弹性唇从上述外圈的内周侧与上述环状槽的槽缘部密接。
即，一对密封件的由弹性部件形成的安装部嵌入到外圈的环状槽，该一对密封件将内圈与外圈之间的环状空间的轴向两侧封堵，在该一对密封件设置有弹性唇，该弹性唇朝向轴承内部突出，且从外圈的内周侧与环状槽的槽缘部密接，由此，即使密封件被受到离心力的润滑脂按压而朝轴向外侧移位，密封件的弹性唇也发挥将密封件安装部与环状槽之间产生的间隙封堵的盖的作用，能够防止润滑脂从该间隙泄漏。
此处，在使上述外圈的环状槽的轴承内部侧的槽缘部的截面形成为圆弧状的情况下，优选利用上述密封件的弹性唇将截面呈圆弧状的槽缘部的整体覆盖。
另外，上述密封件具有与上述安装部形成为一体的芯体，该芯体在安装部内折弯而使得截面呈曲柄状，由此，能够提高密封件安装部与外圈环状槽的嵌合力，能够使润滑脂泄漏更加难以产生。
另外，若对上述外圈的环状槽的内壁实施压花加工，使得外圈与密封件不进行相对旋转，则还能够防止由密封件的磨损而引起的润滑脂泄漏。
如上所述，本发明在外圈旋转用轴承的密封件设置有弹性唇，该弹性唇朝向轴承内部突出，且从内周侧与供密封件安装的外圈的环状槽的槽缘部密接，该弹性唇发挥将密封件安装部与环状槽之间的间隙封堵的盖的作用，因此，能够防止润滑脂从密封件安装部与环状槽之间泄漏，能够实现轴承寿命的延长。
附图说明
图1是实施方式的外圈旋转用轴承的主要部分的主视剖视图。
图2是图1的密封件安装部附近的放大剖视图。
图3a、图3b分别是对图1的轴承的密封件的作用进行说明的放大剖视图。
图4是示出图1中的密封件的芯体形状的变形例的放大剖视图。
图5是示出对图1中的外圈的环状槽实施压花加工的例子的主要部分的立体图。
图6a、图6b分别是对现有的外圈旋转用轴承的密封件安装部的构造进行说明的放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下，基于图1至图5对本发明的实施方式进行说明。如图1所示，该外圈旋转用轴承为球轴承，具备：多个作为滚动体的滚珠3，它们配置于内圈1与外圈2之间；保持器4，其将滚珠3保持为滚动自如；以及一对密封件6，它们将内圈1与外圈2之间的环状空间5的轴向两侧封堵，在被两密封件6密封的环状空间5封入有作为润滑剂的润滑脂(省略图示)，内圈1被固定而外圈2进行旋转，并且，将该外圈旋转用轴承用作汽车的发动机用带轮轴承。该密封件6安装于环状槽7且与密封件滑动接触面8滑动接触，其中，该环状槽7设置于外圈2内周面的两端部，该密封件滑动接触面8设置于内圈1外周面的两端部。此外，内圈1也可以与省略图示的固定轴形成为一体。
对于上述密封件6而言，橡胶制部件11通过硫化成型而与芯体12形成为一体，其中，该橡胶制部件11在外周侧具有环状的安装部9，该安装部嵌入到外圈2的环状槽7，并且，该橡胶制部件11在内周侧具有与内圈1的密封件滑动接触面8滑动接触的密封唇10。对于该芯体12而言，其外周部以相对于径向朝轴承内部侧倾斜的方式折弯，其内周部以相对于径向成直角地朝向轴承内部侧的方式折弯。另外，在橡胶制部件11的安装部9设置有截面大致呈三角形形状的润滑脂防漏唇(弹性唇)13，该润滑脂防漏唇13从安装部9的内周部朝向轴承内部突出。此外，作为橡胶制部件11的材质，能够使用难以热劣化的丁腈橡胶、丙烯橡胶、氟橡胶、硅橡胶等。
而且，如图2所示，外圈环状槽7的轴承内部侧的槽缘部14的截面形成为圆弧状，密封件6的润滑脂防漏唇13将该截面呈圆弧状的槽缘部14的整体覆盖，并从外圈2的内周侧与该槽缘部14密接。
此处，对于密封件6的润滑脂防漏唇13而言，若其径向的厚度尺寸T相对于从安装部9突出的高度H过薄，则难以制造，若过厚，则基于离心力的与槽缘部14密接的力会变小，因此，将厚度尺寸T设定为突出高度H的1倍～1/2倍。
该外圈旋转用轴承形成为上述结构，如图3(a)所示，封入到环状空间5的润滑脂G受到离心力而对密封件6朝轴向外侧按压，由此，如图3(b)所示，即使密封件安装部9发生弹性变形而使得密封件6整体朝轴向外侧略微移位，密封件6的润滑脂防漏唇13也发挥将密封件安装部9与外圈2的环状槽7之间的间隙封堵的盖的作用，因此，润滑脂G难以从密封件安装部9与外圈环状槽7之间泄漏，能够实现轴承寿命的延长。
另外，作为密封件6的橡胶制部件11的材质而使用难以热劣化的橡胶，因此，即使在轴承温度升高的条件下使用，也难以因橡胶的劣化而产生润滑脂的泄漏，能够长期地维持良好的密封性。
此处，在上述实施方式中，密封件6的橡胶制部件11以将芯体12的外侧面整体覆盖的方式硫化成型，但是，若将橡胶制部件分割成外周侧与内周侧，且以不将芯体的外侧面的一部分覆盖的方式进行硫化成型，则轴承的散热性提高，橡胶制部件的橡胶更加难以劣化，因此，能够更长期地维持良好的密封性。
图4示出密封件6的芯体形状的变形例。在该变形例中，将密封件6的芯体12的外周部在密封件安装部9内朝轴承内部侧折弯而使其截面呈曲柄状。由此，密封件安装部9与外圈环状槽7的嵌合力提高，密封件6整体朝轴向外侧的位移幅度变小，因此，与图1至图3所示的例子相比，能够使润滑脂泄漏难以产生。
另外，图5示出对外圈2的环状槽7的内壁实施压花加工的例子。在该变形例中，外圈2的环状槽7的压花加工部15与密封件6的安装部9的摩擦力提高，外圈2与密封件6不相对旋转，因此，还能够防止由密封件安装部9的磨损而引起的润滑脂泄漏。
此外，本发明不限定于实施方式那样的汽车的发动机用带轮轴承，能够有效地应用于外圈以高速旋转的外圈旋转用轴承。
附图标记说明：
1…内圈；2…外圈；3…滚珠(滚动体)；5…环状空间；6…密封件；7…环状槽；9…安装部；11…橡胶制部件；12…芯体；13…润滑脂防漏唇(弹性唇)；14…槽缘部；15…压花加工部；G…润滑脂(润滑剂)。

Claims (3)

1.一种外圈旋转用轴承，具备：多个滚动体，这些滚动体配置于内圈与外圈之间；以及一对密封件，该一对密封件将所述内圈与外圈之间的环状空间的轴向两侧封堵，在所述环状空间封入有润滑剂，所述内圈被固定而外圈进行旋转，
所述外圈旋转用轴承的特征在于，
所述各密封件具有橡胶制部件和与该橡胶制部件形成为一体的芯体，其中，所述橡胶制部件包括嵌入到在所述外圈的内周面设置的环状槽的安装部、和与所述内圈滑动接触的密封唇，
所述外圈的环状槽的轴承内部侧的槽缘部的截面形成为圆弧状，
在所述各密封件的所述安装部设置有从所述安装部的内周部朝向轴承内部突出的弹性唇，所述弹性唇与所述槽缘部密接地对所述槽缘部的整体进行覆盖，
从而即使所述润滑剂受到离心力而对所述密封件朝轴向外侧按压，所述弹性唇也对所述安装部与所述环状槽之间进行封堵，
将所述弹性唇的径向的厚度相对于所述弹性唇的从所述安装部突出的突出高度亦即轴向高度的比设定在1以下且在1/2以上，
另外，所述外圈旋转用轴承是汽车的发动机用带轮轴承。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外圈旋转用轴承，其特征在于，
所述芯体在安装部内折弯而使得截面呈曲柄状。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的外圈旋转用轴承，其特征在于，
对所述外圈的环状槽的内壁实施压花加工。
CN201380022563.4A 2012-05-24 2013-05-22 外圈旋转用轴承 Active CN104271973B (zh)

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