Longitudinal sleeper
Technical field
The present invention relates to railroad track field, particularly relate to sleeper and the elastic damping rail system in a kind of railroad track field.
Background technology
Railroad track generally comprises railway roadbed (ballast track bed or ballastless bed), sleeper and rail.Railway roadbed is formed on roadbed or bridge, and sleeper laying is on railway roadbed, and rail is then arranged on sleeper.But the either sleeper of which kind of form, that current most of railways use or transverse sleeper, i.e. sleeper are the horizontal direction layings along railway or rail.There is shortcomings with not enough in this transverse sleeper: transverse sleeper is to be laid on discretely on railway roadbed, is therefore unfavorable for the distribution to the load from rail.When train passes through, affected by impact wheel load, shock loading suffered by sleeper is the biggest, easily following railway roadbed is produced and destroy, such as cause ballast aggregate pulverizing, outer shifting etc., thus deformation of rail can be caused after using for a long time, make the train of traveling vibration occur and swing, strengthen vibrating noise, and have a strong impact on operation stability and the riding comfort of train.In turn, due to train vibration and swing, the deterioration of rail conditions can be accelerated again.If railroad track deforms (being primarily referred to as deformation of rail), or concrete sleeper generation cracking etc., then needing to expend substantial amounts of manpower and materials is corrected the deformation position of track, or repairs the cracking position of concrete sleeper.It addition, also need to often the ballast aggregate pulverized or move outward be carried out maintenance.The maintenance work of railway is extremely wasted time and energy.
Along with people's raising to quality of life demand, the interference of life is also got most of the attention by vibration and the noise of urban track traffic.
Summary of the invention
The longitudinal beam type sleeper of the present invention and elastic track system are a kind of schemes proposed for solving the problems referred to above, and this sleeper is intended to reduce required maintenance activity etc., and it is in the sleeper of ordinary meaning, refer to the concept of beam.
Its mechanism and means are: (1) is by improving the distribution of train load, reduce the track deformation caused because of the train load repeated, (2) the big lateral resistance that continuous print longitudinal sleeper is provided is utilized, reduce because of the deformation caused by track lateral load, such as lateral thrust.The present invention another object is that, there is provided the railroad track that these sleepers a kind of and rail link for achieving the above object, the present invention includes longitudinally each, rail being provided below longitudinal beam along described rail, and by these longitudinal beams by the interconnective multiple connectors in interval set, and it is arranged in the elastic bearing between longitudinal beam bottom surface and basis railway roadbed bearing.
It is an object of the invention to be realized by following technology:
One longitudinal beam type sleeper system of the present invention, including longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic damping rail system;Described longitudinal beam type sleeper is formed by the concatenation of longitudinal beam type sleeper unit one by one.Longitudinal beam type sleeper unit includes consistent with the trend of rail and is separately positioned on a pair longitudinal beam below two one steel rails, and being laterally fixed together by connector between a pair described longitudinal beam forms frame structure.It is connected by sleeper connector between the relative longitudinal beam end of adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, thus composes in series the longitudinal beam type sleeper of integral type.Elastic damping rail system includes that bearing, described longitudinal beam type sleeper are arranged on bearing, is disposed with vibration damping facility between the bottom of described longitudinal beam type sleeper and described bearing.
Longitudinal beam type sleeper, can be prefabricated in the factory by certain length, is connected with each other by longitudinally adjacent longitudinal beam at the construction field (site), it is achieved that distance orbit rigidity uniform continuous orbit structure, and this longeron and rail are longitudinally continuous location, forms composite track.Owing to longeron can be prefabricated in the factory, greatly enhance track laying speed.Owing to being longitudinally continuous laying longitudinal beam type sleeper along rail direction, its pillow is lower arranges vibration damping facility, thus supports longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic track system, makes the wave transformation of ground vibrations, rolling noise and rail reduce.Owing to arranging support rail boss at longeron upper surface, to meet the vertical dimension minimum requirement at the bottom of rail pipeline distance from top Rail, can effectively make rail and cross insulation between rail pipeline, having carried more convenience to maintenance and maintenance.
By using at the beam structure being parallel in orbital direction, the vibration damping facility under the continuous rail pad of supporting rail continuously and longeron is set, it is possible to reduce ground vibrations, rolling noise and rail wave transformation.The track structure of longitudinal sleeper, by improving track longitudinal rigidity and the special vibration-proof structure arranged under longitudinal sleeper, reduces vibration and the noise impact on passenger inside the vehicle to greatest extent, improves the ride quality of passenger.The requirement of different vibration damping ranks can be met, to adapt to different location difference requirement by the change flexibly mounted rigidity of vibration damping facility and form.
As it has been described above, use the longitudinal sleeper of the present invention, owing to have employed the structure at the longitudinally positioned longitudinal beam of rail, track bending resistance rigidity reinforced, the distribution of train load is improved, thus reduces by the track deformation caused by reloading, reduces maintenance activity amount.Additionally, due to longitudinal beam increases lateral resistance, vertical track irregularly reduces, and therefore decreases maintenance activity amount.And then, due to along longitudinally using the mode being similar to long welded rails that continuous print longitudinal beam will be kept to interconnect, it is therefore prevented that longitudinal beam end rails is damaged.And by arranging rail pad continuously, decrease ground vibrations, rolling noise and the wave transformation of track.
By mentioned above, the longitudinal sleeper system of the present invention mainly includes but not limited to these advantages.
Need especially it is emphasised that; in the different embodiments of the present invention; each feature above-mentioned can be used alone; can also carry out using (as long as this combination is possible or reconcilable) by the most feasible compound mode, within thus obtained all of embodiment falls within protection scope of the present invention.In order to avoid repeating, various possible compound modes are no longer described in detail by the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the longitudinal sleeper of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the Section A-A figure in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the section B-B figure in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of A in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of B in Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the C-C sectional drawing of Fig. 6.
Figure 11 is the form one that longeron end of the present invention is connected.
Figure 12 is the A-A sectional drawing of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the side view of Figure 11.
Figure 14 is the form two that longeron end of the present invention is connected.
Figure 15 is the A-A sectional drawing of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the side view of Figure 14.
Figure 17 is the form three that longeron end of the present invention is connected.
Figure 18 is the A-A sectional drawing of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the side view of Figure 17.
Figure 20 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system including longitudinal sleeper shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 21 is the lateral sectional schematic diagram of Figure 20 Elastic damper rail system.
Figure 22 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system including longitudinal sleeper shown in Fig. 6.
Figure 23 is the lateral sectional schematic diagram of Figure 22 Elastic damper rail system.
In figure:
1 longitudinal beam, 2 connectors, 3 vibration damping facilities, 4 bearings, 5 service sleeves, 6 bearing sidepieces, 7 rest bases, 8 cushion pads, 9 fasteners, 10 rail, 11 chamferings, 12 boss, 13 holes for hoist, 14 support rail boss, 15 support rail boss chamferings, 16 end junction steel plates, 17 attaching nuts, 18 connect screw rod, junction steel plate between 19 4 ends, 20 connecting bolts, 21 closed end beam junction steel plates, 22 closed end beams.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
First, the longitudinal sleeper of the present invention will be described referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 5.
One longitudinal beam type sleeper system of the present invention, including longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic damping rail system;As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to the longitudinal beam type sleeper of one embodiment of the present invention, the concatenation of longitudinal beam type sleeper unit one by one form.Longitudinal beam type sleeper unit includes that, respectively along a pair longitudinal beam 1 being disposed longitudinally on below rail 10 of rail, longitudinal beam 1 is typically made up of prestressed concrete, for improving the strength and stiffness of longitudinal sleeper, can be disposed with many prestretched reinforcing bars in longitudinal beam 1.But the material of longitudinal beam 1 is not limited to this, longitudinal beam 1 can also be made up of resin material or other materials.Laterally it is fixed together by connector 2 between the pair of longitudinal beam 1, makes longitudinal beam 1 and connector 2 form frame structure.Connector 2 is to have the flexible preferably structure of the described longitudinal beam 1 of ratio, and its material is steel or resin material or armored concrete, for keeping the stable of longitudinal beam type sleeper and anti-vibration, and the strictest gauge kept between a pair longitudinal beam 1.The width of connector 2 is designed according to load and rigidity requirement, and shape can be the shapes such as square, circular, I shape.The quantity of the connector 2 between a pair longitudinal beam 1 can be 2-6 root according to specific needs, depending on its quantity length by present position, environment or each longitudinal beam type sleeper unit.The height of longitudinal beam 1 is greater than or equal to the height of connector 2.
Longitudinal beam 1 multiple spot longitudinal with rail 10 couples.Longitudinal beam type sleeper can be laid on ballast track bed or ballastless bed on, being placed in the railway roadbed under longitudinal beam type sleeper is ballast aggregate, cement asphalt mortar, rubber or synthetic resin, or the mixture of above-mentioned material.In order to ensure longitudinal beam type sleeper Stability Analysis of Structures and stress equalization, longitudinal beam type sleeper centrage the most along its length is arranged symmetrically with.
In Fig. 3, in longitudinal beam 1 side, with hole for hoist 13, for lifting longitudinal beam type sleeper to carry out installing laying, maintenance and construction auxiliary support installation etc. by hoisting machinery etc..
As shown in Fig. 2~Fig. 5, in longitudinal beam 1, it is provided with service sleeve 5, in order to utilize fastener to be connected to service sleeve 5, be installed on longitudinal sleeper by rail, to complete the laying of track.
As it is shown in figure 5, the edge of longitudinal beam 1 is arranged to chamfering 11, on the one hand it is easy to demoulding when sleeper produces, when on the other hand installing at the scene, if edge is not provided with into chamfering, easily collides with or stress is concentrated.
The both sides of described longitudinal beam 1 are provided with boss 12.The evagination groove seat on bearing 4 that this boss 12 and longitudinal beam 1 are located matches, to realize longitudinal sleeper anti-creep function in train is advanced.
In the another preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 6~Figure 10, longitudinal beam 1 is arranged with to longitudinally spaced formula support rail boss 14.The setting of this support rail boss 14 is an important technology, and it is beneficial to rail and the insulation crossed between rail pipeline, it is simple to unit of operation's maintenance and maintenance.On the other hand as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, support rail boss 14 edge arranges support rail boss chamfering 15, partly in order to be convenient in demoulding, when avoiding right angle, stress is concentrated.As shown in Figure 10~14, service sleeve 5 is embedded in support rail boss 14 and longitudinal beam 1, can pass through fastener 9 and the joint of described service sleeve 5, is installed on the support rail boss 14 of described longitudinal beam type sleeper by fastener 9 by described rail 10.
The overall sleeper of railway is serially connected by longitudinal beam type sleeper unit one by one and forms.Three kinds of connected modes described below, but it is not limited to this several ways.
Mode one: such as Figure 11~Figure 13, for the connected form of job site longitudinal beam type sleeper unit.The end of the relative longitudinal beam 1 of adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit is provided with end junction steel plate 16, end junction steel plate 16 fixes the end of adjacent both sides longitudinal beam 1 two-by-two, by connection screw rod 18 and attaching nut 17, end junction steel plate 16 is fixed again, make adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit be connected.It is the formation of " seamless sleeper " by its efficient combination, it is achieved that distance orbit rigidity uniform continuous orbit structure, is more favorable for the ride comfort of driving.
Mode two: such as Figure 14~Figure 16, for the connected form that job site longitudinal beam type sleeper unit is another.Between four ends of adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit longitudinal beam 1, it is provided with junction steel plate 19 between four ends, by connecting bolt 20, above-mentioned four ends is fixed together with junction steel plate 19 between four ends, make longitudinal beam type sleeper unit connect.
Mode three: such as Figure 17~19, for another form that is connected of job site ballast track bed longitudinal beam type sleeper unit.In this embodiment, the end of every a pair longitudinal beam 1 is all fixedly linked by closed end beam 22, the closed end beam 22 of adjacent both ends is linked together by closed end beam junction steel plate 21, connection screw rod 18 and attaching nut 17, thus reaches the purpose that longitudinal beam type sleeper unit is connected.
Above the numerous embodiments of the longitudinal sleeper of the present invention is described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this.In addition, it is important to note that, the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present invention can by use various feasible in the way of be combined using, all these feasible compound modes should be considered as all a part for the disclosure of invention, within dropping into the scope of the present invention equally.
The present invention also provides for a kind of elastic damping rail system, is described in detail the exemplary embodiment of the elastic damping rail system of the present invention below with reference to Figure 20 figure~Figure 21.
Figure 20 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system according to Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the present invention.Figure 21 is the side schematic view of Figure 20 Elastic damper rail system.Figure 22 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system according to Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment of the present invention.Figure 23 is the side schematic view of Figure 22 Elastic damper rail system.
According to a kind of embodiment shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, the elastic damping rail system of the present invention includes having bottom 7 and the L-shaped bearing 4 of sidepiece 6.The pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of relative described bearing 4, and outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, it is possible not only to support stringer formula sleeper 1, and the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system can be played.Length direction along longitudinal sleeper is separately installed with rail 10 on the longitudinal beam 1 of longitudinal longitudinal beam type sleeper, can be installed on described longitudinal beam 1 by fastener 9 by described rail 10 by the joint of the service sleeve 5 in fastener 9 and described longitudinal beam 1.The pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of bearing 4 described in a pair, and outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, it is possible not only to support stringer formula sleeper 1, and the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system can be played.It is pointed out that the use embodiment that L-shaped bearing 4 longitudinal sleeper the most of the present invention is applied, the present invention is not limited to this, such as, can also use the bearing etc. of other shapes.Bearing 4 can be that Reinforced Concrete Materials is made, it is also possible to is that the material such as cast iron, resin is made.
Additionally, vibration damping facility 3 can be arranged between described longitudinal beam 1 and the bottom 7 of described bearing 4, cushion pad 8 is arranged between the sidepiece 6 of longitudinal beam 1 and bearing 4, to obtain vibration damping and buffering effect, alleviate track vibration to structure impact force, decrease the vibration of structure, extend the service life of structure.Simultaneously according to the principle of active force Yu counteracting force, equally reduce the impulsive force to elastic damping rail system.For elastic damping rail system, vibration damping facility and cushion pad can alleviate its stressing conditions.Owing to have employed the longitudinal sleeper that wheel track stress can carry out longitudinal dispersion, therefore be hit the on the whole impact of power of elastic damping rail system is less.Described vibration damping facility 3 and cushion pad 8 can be prepared by multiple elastomeric material, such as rubber, plastics, spring etc..In the present invention, it is also possible to use other vibration absorber to replace above-mentioned vibration damping facility and/or cushion pad.As vibration damping facility can include at least two boards part and the spring between plate, resilient support mode is not limited to this.Its structure is easily to realize to those skilled in the art, and the present invention repeats no more.
Shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23 is the damper rail system with support rail boss 14, with the damper rail systems compliant shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, repeats no more.
Above being described in detail longitudinal beam type sleeper and the elastic damping rail system of the present invention by numerous embodiments, this elastic damping rail system can use the various longitudinal sleepers of the present invention in principle.
It is emphasized that, with numerous embodiments, longitudinal sleeper and the elastic damping rail system of the present invention are described in detail referring to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and these embodiments can be used by various feasible compound modes, and this is not intended to be limited in any by the present invention.All these feasible compound modes all should be understood to belong to a part disclosed by the invention, within dropping into the scope of the present invention equally.