A kind of longeron formula sleeper system
Technical field
The utility model relates to the railroad track field, relates in particular to the novel sleeper and the elastic damping rail system in a kind of railroad track field.
Background technology
Railroad track generally comprises railway roadbed (quarrel railway roadbed or ballastless bed is arranged), sleeper and rail.Railway roadbed is formed on roadbed or the bridge, and sleeper laying is on railway roadbed, and rail then is installed on the sleeper.But no matter be the sleeper of which kind of form, the still transverse sleeper that present most of railways adopt, promptly sleeper is to lay along the horizontal direction of railway or rail.This transverse sleeper exists many shortcomings with not enough: transverse sleeper is to be laid on discretely on the railway roadbed, therefore is unfavorable for the distribution from the load of rail.When train passes through, be subjected to impacting the influence of wheel load, the suffered shock loading of sleeper is very big, easily following railway roadbed is produced and destroy, for example cause that ballast aggregate is pulverized, moved outward etc., thereby can cause the rail distortion after long-time the use, make the train that travels that vibration and swing take place, strengthen vibrating noise, and have a strong impact on the operation stability and the riding comfort of train.Conversely, because train vibration and swing can be quickened the deterioration of rail conditions again.If railroad track deforms (mainly being meant the rail distortion), perhaps cracking etc. takes place in concrete sleeper, then needs to expend lot of manpower and material resources the deformation place of track is proofreaied and correct, and perhaps the cracking position of concrete sleeper is repaired.In addition, also need often the ballast aggregate of pulverizing or move to be carried out maintenance outward.The maintenance work of railway is very wasted time and energy.
Along with the raising of people to the quality of life demand, the vibration of urban track traffic and noise also get most of the attention to the interference of life.
Summary of the invention
Longeron formula sleeper of the present utility model and elastic track system are a kind of schemes that proposes for addressing the above problem.Another purpose of the utility model is the railroad track that provides a kind of these sleepers and rail to link.
The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technology:
A kind of longeron formula of the utility model sleeper system comprises longeron formula sleeper and elastic damping rail system; Described longeron formula sleeper is formed by the serial connection of longeron formula sleeper unit one by one.Longeron formula sleeper unit comprises that the trend with rail is consistent and is separately positioned on a pair of longitudinal beam below two one steel rails, and laterally being fixed together by connector between described a pair of longitudinal beam forms frame construction.Be connected by the sleeper connector between the relative longitudinal beam end of adjacent longeron formula sleeper unit, thus the longeron formula sleeper of composition integral type.The elastic damping rail system comprises bearing, and described longitudinal beam is installed in respectively on the relative bearing, is furnished with the vibration damping facility between the bottom of described longeron formula sleeper and described bearing.
This sleeper is intended to reduce required maintenance activity etc., it is in the sleeper of ordinary meaning, its mechanism of notion and the means of longitudinal beam have been quoted, for: (1) is by improving the distribution of train load, reduce the track deformation that causes because of the train load that repeats, (2) utilize the continuous big lateral resistance that longitudinal sleeper provided, reduce, for example caused distortion of lateral thrust because of the track transverse load.For achieving the above object, the utility model comprises along described rail and vertically below rail longitudinal beam is set at each, with with these longitudinal beams by the interconnective a plurality of connectors of setting in interval, and be arranged in elastomeric bearing between longitudinal beam bottom surface and the basic railway roadbed bearing.Longeron formula sleeper can be prefabricated in the factory by certain-length, will vertically go up adjacent longitudinal beam at the construction field (site) and interconnect, and has realized longly apart from the uniform continuously track structure of orbit rigidity, and this longeron and rail be location continuously vertically, formation combined type track.Because longeron can be prefabricated in the factory, and has improved track laying speed to a great extent.Because along the vertical continuous laying longeron of rail direction formula sleeper, its pillow is arranged the vibration damping facility down, thereby supporting longeron formula sleeper and elastic track system reduce the wave transformation of foundation vibration, rolling noise and rail.Owing to the support rail boss is set at the longeron upper surface, with the minimum requirement of the vertical distance that satisfied the rail pipeline distance from top rail flange of rail, can effectively make rail and cross between the rail pipeline and insulate, be with more convenience for maintenance and maintenance.
By adopting at the beam structure that is parallel on the orbital direction, the continuous rail pad of supporting rail and the vibration damping facility under the longeron continuously are set, can reduce foundation vibration, rolling noise and rail wave transformation.The track structure of longitudinal sleeper by the special vibration-proof structure that improves the track longitudinal rigidity and be provided with, reduces the influence to passenger in the car of vibration and noise to greatest extent under longitudinal sleeper, improve passenger's ride quality.Can satisfy different other requirements of vibration damping level by changing flexibly mounted rigidity of vibration damping facility and form, to adapt to the different requirements in different locations.
As mentioned above, use longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model, owing to adopted the structure that longitudinal beam is set on rail is vertical, the track bending rigidity has strengthened, the distribution of train load improves, thereby has reduced to have reduced the maintenance activity amount by the caused track deformation of reloading.In addition, because longitudinal beam has increased lateral resistance, vertical track is irregular have been reduced, and has therefore also reduced the maintenance activity amount.And then, owing to longitudinally adopt the mode that is similar to long welded rails will keep continuous longitudinal beam to be connected to each other, prevented the breaking-up of longitudinal beam end rails.And, reduced the wave transformation of foundation vibration, rolling noise and track by the rail pad is set continuously.
By mentioned above, longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model system mainly includes but not limited to these advantages.
Need benly be; in different embodiments of the present utility model; above-mentioned each feature can be used separately; also can use (as long as this combination is possible or reconcilable) by any feasible compound mode, resulting thus all embodiments all will fall within the protection domain of the present utility model.For fear of giving unnecessary details, the utility model no longer is elaborated to various possible compound modes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the longitudinal sleeper of a kind of embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view among Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of the another kind of embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of embodiment shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of A among Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of B among Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 6.
Figure 11 is the form one that the utility model longeron end links to each other.
Figure 12 is the D-D sectional view of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the side view of Figure 11.
Figure 14 is the form two that the utility model longeron end links to each other.
Figure 15 is the E-E sectional view of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the side view of Figure 14.
Figure 17 is the form three that the utility model longeron end links to each other.
Figure 18 is the F-F sectional view of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the side view of Figure 17.
Figure 20 is the floor map that comprises the elastic damping rail system of longitudinal sleeper shown in Figure 1.
Figure 21 is the side direction sectional schematic diagram of elasticity damper rail system among Figure 20.
Figure 22 is the floor map that comprises the elastic damping rail system of longitudinal sleeper shown in Figure 6.
Figure 23 is the side direction sectional schematic diagram of elasticity damper rail system among Figure 22.
Among the figure:
1 longitudinal beam, 2 connectors, 3 vibration damping facilities, 4 bearings, 5 service sleeves, 6 bearing sidepieces, 7 rest bases, 8 cushion pads, 9 fasteners, 10 rail, 11 chamferings, 12 boss, 13 holes for hoist, 14 support rail boss, 15 support rail boss chamferings, 16 ends connect steel plate, 17 attaching nuts, 18 connecting screw rods connect steel plate between 19 4 ends, 20 connecting bolts, 21 closed end beams connect steel plate, 22 closed end beams.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated.
At first, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model is described.
A kind of longeron formula of the utility model sleeper system comprises longeron formula sleeper and elastic damping rail system; As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to the longeron formula sleeper of a kind of embodiment of the utility model, form by the serial connection of longeron formula sleeper unit one by one.Longeron formula sleeper unit comprise respectively along rail vertically be arranged on a pair of longitudinal beam 1 below the rail 10, longitudinal beam 1 generally is made of prestressed concrete, for improving the strength and stiffness of longitudinal sleeper, can be furnished with many prestretched reinforcing bars in the longitudinal beam 1.But the material of longitudinal beam 1 is not limited thereto, and longitudinal beam 1 also can be made of resin material or other materials.Laterally be fixed together by connector 2 between the described a pair of longitudinal beam 1, make longitudinal beam 1 and connector 2 form frame construction.Connector 2 is to have than described longitudinal beam 1 flexible better structure, and its material is steel or resin material or steel concrete, is used to keep the stable and anti-vibration of longeron formula sleeper, and the strict simultaneously gauge that keeps between a pair of longitudinal beam 1.The width of connector 2 designs according to load and rigidity requirement, and shape can be shapes such as square, circle or I shape.The quantity of the connector 2 between a pair of longitudinal beam 1 can be 2~6 according to concrete needs, and its quantity is decided by the length of present position, environment or each longeron formula sleeper unit.The height of longitudinal beam 1 is greater than or equal to the height of connector 2.
Longitudinal beam 1 connects with rail 10 vertical multiple spots.Longeron formula sleeper can be laid on the quarrel railway roadbed or ballastless bed on, placing the railway roadbed under the longeron formula sleeper is ballast aggregate, cement asphalt mortar, rubber or synthetic resin, or the mixture of above-mentioned material.In order to guarantee the stable and stress equalization of longeron formula concrete sleeper, longeron formula sleeper is on the whole along the center line symmetric arrangement of its length direction.
Among Fig. 3,, have hole for hoist 13, be used for waiting lifting longeron formula sleeper auxiliary with the support installation etc. so that laying, maintenance and construction to be installed by lifting appliance in longitudinal beam 1 side.
As Fig. 2~shown in Figure 5, in longitudinal beam 1, be provided with service sleeve 5, so that utilize fastener to be connected to service sleeve 5, rail is installed on the longitudinal sleeper, to finish the laying of track.
As shown in Figure 5, chamfering 11 all is arranged at the edge of longitudinal beam 1, and the demoulding when being convenient on the one hand sleeper and producing when installing at the scene on the other hand, if chamfering is not arranged at the edge, is collided with or stress is concentrated easily.
Be provided with boss 12 in the both sides of described longitudinal beam 1.Outer tongue seat on the bearing 4 that this boss 12 and longitudinal beam 1 are located is complementary, to realize the anti-creep function of longitudinal sleeper in train is advanced.
In the another preferred embodiment of Fig. 6~shown in Figure 10, on longitudinal beam 1, be arranged with to the longitudinal separation formula support rail boss 14.The setting of this support rail boss 14 is important techniques, and it is beneficial to rail and the insulation between the rail pipeline excessively, is convenient to unit of operation's maintenance and maintenance.See Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, support rail boss 14 edges are provided with support rail boss chamfering 15, on the one hand are in order to be convenient in demoulding, and stress is concentrated when avoiding the right angle on the other hand.Shown in Figure 10~14, service sleeve 5 is embedded in support rail boss 14 and the longitudinal beam 1, can described rail 10 be installed on the support rail boss 14 of described longeron formula sleeper by fastener 9 by the joint of fastener 9 and described service sleeve 5.
The whole sleeper of railway is connected together by longeron formula sleeper unit strings one by one and forms.Disclose three kinds of connected modes below, but be not limited to this several modes.
Mode one:, be the continuous form of longeron formula sleeper unit, job site as Figure 11~Figure 13.The end of the longitudinal beam 1 that adjacent longeron formula sleeper unit is relative is provided with the end and connects steel plate 16, the end connects the end that steel plate 16 is fixed adjacent both sides longitudinal beam 1 in twos, with attaching nut 17 end is connected steel plate 16 by connecting screw rod 18 again and fixes, adjacent longeron formula sleeper unit is connected.Just formed " seamless sleeper " by its effective combination, realized longly, be beneficial to the ride comfort of driving more apart from the uniform continuously track structure of orbit rigidity.
Mode two:, be the another continuous form in longeron formula sleeper unit, job site as Figure 14~Figure 16.Between four ends of adjacent longeron formula sleeper unit longitudinal beam 1, be provided with between four ends and connect steel plate 19, by connecting bolt 20 will above-mentioned four ends with four ends between be connected steel plate 19 and fix together, make the connection of longeron formula sleeper unit.
Mode three:, a continuous form again of quarrel railway roadbed longeron formula sleeper unit is arranged for the job site as Figure 17~19.In this embodiment, each end to longitudinal beam 1 all is fixedly linked by closed end beam 22, the closed end beam 22 of adjacent both ends connects steel plate 21, connecting screw rod 18 and attaching nut 17 by the closed end beam and links together, thereby reaches the purpose that longeron formula sleeper unit links to each other.
Numerous embodiments to longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model has been described in detail above, but the utility model is not limited thereto.In addition, need emphasis to be pointed out that, the above-mentioned various embodiments of the utility model can adopt various feasible modes to be used in combination, all these feasible compound modes all should be considered to the part of the utility model disclosure, drop into equally within the scope of the present utility model.
The utility model also provides a kind of elastic damping rail system, with reference to Figure 20 figure~Figure 21 the exemplary embodiment of elastic damping rail system of the present utility model is elaborated below.
Figure 20 is the floor map according to the elastic damping rail system of the utility model embodiment shown in Figure 1.Figure 21 is the side schematic view of elasticity damper rail system among Figure 20.Figure 22 is the floor map according to the elastic damping rail system of the utility model embodiment shown in Figure 6.Figure 23 is the side schematic view of elasticity damper rail system among Figure 22.
According to Figure 20 and a kind of embodiment shown in Figure 21, elastic damping rail system of the present utility model comprises the L shaped bearing 4 with bottom 7 and sidepiece 6.Described a pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of relative described bearing 4, and the outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, not only can support stringer formula sleeper 1, and can play the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system.Longitudinally the length direction of sleeper is separately installed with rail 10 on the longitudinal beam 1 of vertical longeron formula sleeper, can described rail 10 be installed on the described longitudinal beam 1 by fastener 9 by the joint of the service sleeve 5 in fastener 9 and the described longitudinal beam 1.Described a pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of a pair of described bearing 4, and the outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, not only can support stringer formula sleeper 1, and can play the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system.It is pointed out that L shaped bearing 4 only is the applied use embodiment of the utility model longitudinal sleeper, the utility model is not limited to this, for example can also use the bearing of other shapes etc.Bearing 4 can be that Reinforced Concrete Materials is made, and also can be that materials such as cast iron, resin are made.
In addition, can between the bottom 7 of described longitudinal beam 1 and described bearing 4, arrange vibration damping facility 3, between the sidepiece 6 of longitudinal beam 1 and bearing 4, arrange cushion pad 8, to obtain vibration damping and buffering effect, alleviate the impact force that track vibration is subjected to structure, reduce the vibration of structure, prolonged the application life of structure.According to the principle of active force and reaction force, can reduce impact force equally simultaneously to the elastic damping rail system.For the elastic damping rail system, vibration damping facility and cushion pad can alleviate its stressing conditions.Owing to adopted the stressed longitudinal sleeper that can vertically disperse of wheel track, so be hit the on the whole influence of power of elastic damping rail system is less.Described vibration damping facility 3 and cushion pad 8 can be made by multiple elastomeric material, for example formations such as rubber, plastics, spring.In the utility model, can also use other vibration absorber to replace above-mentioned vibration damping facility and/or cushion pad.Can comprise two boards spare and the spring between plate at least as the vibration damping facility, the resiliency supported mode is not limited thereto.Its structure is to realize that easily the utility model repeats no more to those skilled in the art.
Figure 22 and shown in Figure 23 be the damper rail system that has support rail boss 14, with Figure 20 and damper rail systems compliant shown in Figure 21, repeat no more.
Above by numerous embodiments longeron formula sleeper of the present utility model and elastic damping rail system are had been described in detail, this elastic damping rail system can adopt various longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model in principle.
It is emphasized that, longitudinal sleeper of the present utility model and elastic damping rail system are had been described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing and numerous embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to these concrete embodiments, and these embodiments can be adopted by various feasible compound modes, and the utility model does not impose any restrictions this.All these feasible compound modes all should be understood to belong to the disclosed part of the utility model, drop into equally within the scope of the present utility model.