A kind of longitudinal beam type sleeper system
Technical field
The present invention relates to railroad track field, relate in particular to Novel sleeper and the elastic damping rail system in a kind of railroad track field.
Background technology
Railroad track generally comprises railway roadbed (ballast track bed or ballastless bed), sleeper and rail.Railway roadbed is formed on roadbed or bridge, and sleeper laying is on railway roadbed, and rail is arranged on sleeper.But no matter be the sleeper of which kind of form, most railway adopts or transverse sleeper, sleeper is to lay along the horizontal direction of railway or rail.This transverse sleeper exists shortcomings with not enough: transverse sleeper is to be laid on discretely on railway roadbed, is therefore unfavorable for the distribution to the load from rail.When train passes through, be subject to impacting the impact of wheel load, the suffered shock loading of sleeper is very large, easily railway roadbed is below produced and destroyed, such as causing that ballast aggregate is pulverized, moved outward etc., thereby can cause deformation of rail after long-time use, make the train travelling vibration occur and swing, strengthen vibrating noise, and have a strong impact on operation stability and the riding comfort of train.Conversely, due to train vibration and swing, can accelerate again the deterioration of rail conditions.If railroad track deforms (mainly referring to deformation of rail), or concrete sleeper generation cracking etc., need to expend a large amount of manpower and materials the deformation place of track is proofreaied and correct, or the cracking position of concrete sleeper is repaired.In addition, also need often the ballast aggregate of pulverizing or move to be carried out to maintenance outward.The maintenance work of railway is very wasted time and energy.
Along with the raising of people to quality of life demand, the vibration of urban track traffic and noise also get most of the attention to the interference of life.
Summary of the invention
Longitudinal beam type sleeper of the present invention and elastic track system are a kind of schemes proposing for addressing the above problem, and this sleeper is intended to reduce required maintenance activity etc., and it is in the sleeper of ordinary meaning, has quoted the concept of beam.
Its mechanism and means are: (1) is by improving the distribution of train load, reduce the track deformation that the train load because repeating causes, (2) the large lateral resistance of utilizing continuous longitudinal sleeper to provide, reduces because of track transverse load, for example caused distortion of lateral thrust.Another object of the present invention is, provide railroad track that a kind of these sleepers and rail link for achieving the above object, the present invention includes along described rail and longitudinally at each, below rail, longitudinal beam is set, with by these longitudinal beams by the interconnective a plurality of connectors in interval of setting, and be arranged in the elastomeric bearing between longitudinal beam bottom surface and basic railway roadbed bearing.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technology:
A kind of longitudinal beam type sleeper system of the present invention, comprises longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic damping rail system; Described longitudinal beam type sleeper is formed by the serial connection of longitudinal beam type sleeper unit one by one.Longitudinal beam type sleeper unit comprises that the trend with rail is consistent and is separately positioned on a pair of longitudinal beam below two one steel rails, between described a pair of longitudinal beam, by connector, is laterally fixed together and formed frame construction.Between the relative longitudinal beam end of adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, by sleeper connector, be connected, thereby compose in series the longitudinal beam type sleeper of integral type.Elastic damping rail system comprises bearing, and described longitudinal beam type sleeper is arranged on bearing, between the bottom of described longitudinal beam type sleeper and described bearing, is furnished with vibration damping facility.
Longitudinal beam type sleeper, can be prefabricated in the factory by certain length, interconnects at the construction field (site) by longitudinally going up adjacent longitudinal beam, has realized longly apart from the uniform continuous orbit structure of orbit rigidity, and this longeron and rail be location longitudinally continuously, forms composite track.Because longeron can be prefabricated in the factory, improved to a great extent track laying speed.Due to along the longitudinal continuous laying longitudinal beam type sleeper of rail direction, under its pillow, arrange vibration damping facility, thereby supporting longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic track system reduce the wave transformation of ground vibrations, rolling noise and rail.Owing at longeron upper surface, support rail boss being set, to meet the minimum requirement of vertical distance at the bottom of rail pipeline distance from top Rail, can effectively make rail insulate with crossing between rail pipeline, to maintenance and maintenance, be with more convenience.
By adopting at the beam structure being parallel in orbital direction, the continuous rail pad of supporting rail and the vibration damping facility under longeron are continuously set, can reduce ground vibrations, rolling noise and rail wave transformation.The track structure of longitudinal sleeper, by the special vibration-proof structure that improves track longitudinal rigidity and arrange under longitudinal sleeper, reduces vibration and the impact of noise on passenger inside the vehicle to greatest extent, improves passenger's ride quality.By changing the flexibly mounted rigidity of vibration damping facility and form, can meet different other requirements of vibration damping level, to adapt to the different requirements in different locations.
As mentioned above, use longitudinal sleeper of the present invention, owing to having adopted the structure that longitudinal beam is set on rail is longitudinal, track bending resistance rigidity reinforced, the distribution of train load improves, thereby has reduced, by the caused track deformation of reloading, to have reduced maintenance activity amount.In addition, because longitudinal beam has increased lateral resistance, vertical track is irregular have been reduced, and has therefore also reduced maintenance activity amount.And then, owing to longitudinally adopting the mode that is similar to long welded rails will keep continuous longitudinal beam to be connected to each other, prevented the breaking-up of longitudinal beam end rails.And by rail pad is set continuously, reduced the wave transformation of ground vibrations, rolling noise and track.
By mentioned above, longitudinal sleeper system of the present invention mainly includes but not limited to these advantages.
Need to benly be; in different embodiments of the present invention; above-mentioned each feature can be used separately; also resulting all embodiments can use (as long as this combination is possible or reconcilable) by any feasible combination, within all will fall into protection scope of the present invention thus.For fear of repeating, the present invention is no longer elaborated to various possible combinations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the longitudinal sleeper of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of the longitudinal sleeper of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic side view of the longitudinal sleeper of Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of A in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of B in Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the C-C profile of Fig. 6.
Figure 11 is the connected form one in longeron of the present invention end.
Figure 12 is the A-A profile of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the side view of Figure 11.
Figure 14 is the connected form two in longeron of the present invention end.
Figure 15 is the A-A profile of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the side view of Figure 14.
Figure 17 is the connected form three in longeron of the present invention end.
Figure 18 is the A-A profile of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the side view of Figure 17.
Figure 20 is the floor map that comprises the elastic damping rail system of longitudinal sleeper shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 21 is the side direction sectional schematic diagram of Figure 20 Elastic damper rail system.
Figure 22 is the floor map that comprises the elastic damping rail system of longitudinal sleeper shown in Fig. 6.
Figure 23 is the side direction sectional schematic diagram of Figure 22 Elastic damper rail system.
In figure:
1 longitudinal beam, 2 connectors, 3 vibration damping facilities, 4 bearings, 5 service sleeves, 6 bearing sidepieces, 7 rest bases, 8 cushion pads, 9 fasteners, 10 rail, 11 chamferings, 12 boss, 13 holes for hoist, 14 support rail boss, 15 support rail boss chamferings, 16 end junction steel plates, 17 attaching nuts, 18 connecting screw rods, junction steel plate between 19 4 ends, 20 connecting bolts, 21 closed end beam junction steel plates, 22 closed end beams.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.
First, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, longitudinal sleeper of the present invention is described.
A kind of longitudinal beam type sleeper system of the present invention, comprises longitudinal beam type sleeper and elastic damping rail system; As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to the longitudinal beam type sleeper of one embodiment of the present invention, by the serial connection of longitudinal beam type sleeper unit one by one, formed.Longitudinal beam type sleeper unit comprise respectively along rail be longitudinally arranged on a pair of longitudinal beam 1 below rail 10, longitudinal beam 1 generally consists of prestressed concrete, for improving the strength and stiffness of longitudinal sleeper, can be furnished with many prestretched reinforcing bars in longitudinal beam 1.But the material of longitudinal beam 1 is not limited to this, longitudinal beam 1 also can consist of resin material or other materials.Between described a pair of longitudinal beam 1, by connector 2, be laterally fixed together, make longitudinal beam 1 and connector 2 form frame construction.Connector 2 is to have than the flexible better structure of described longitudinal beam 1, and its material is steel or resin material or steel concrete, for keeping the stable and anti-vibration of longitudinal beam type sleeper, and strictly keeps the gauge between a pair of longitudinal beam 1 simultaneously.The width of connector 2 designs according to load and rigidity requirement, and shape can be the shapes such as square, circular, I shape.The quantity of the connector 2 between a pair of longitudinal beam 1 can be 2-6 root according to specific needs, and its quantity is determined by the length of present position, environment or each longitudinal beam type sleeper unit.The height of longitudinal beam 1 is greater than or equal to the height of connector 2.
Longitudinal beam 1 connects with the longitudinal multiple spot of rail 10.Longitudinal beam type sleeper can be laid on ballast track bed or ballastless bed upper, and the railway roadbed being placed under longitudinal beam type sleeper is ballast aggregate, cement asphalt mortar, rubber or synthetic resin, or the mixture of above-mentioned material.In order to guarantee longitudinal beam type sleeper Stability Analysis of Structures and stress equalization, longitudinal beam type sleeper on the whole center line is along its length arranged symmetrically with.
In Fig. 3, in longitudinal beam 1 side, with hole for hoist 13, for come lifting longitudinal beam type sleeper auxiliary with support installation etc. so that laying, maintenance and construction to be installed by lifting appliance etc.
As shown in Fig. 2~Fig. 5, in longitudinal beam 1, be provided with service sleeve 5, to utilize fastener to be connected to service sleeve 5, rail is installed on longitudinal sleeper, to complete the laying of track.
As shown in Figure 5, chamfering 11 is all arranged at the edge of longitudinal beam 1, and the demoulding when being convenient on the one hand sleeper and producing, while installing at the scene on the other hand, if chamfering is not arranged at edge, is easily collided with or stress is concentrated.
In the both sides of described longitudinal beam 1, be provided with boss 12.Outer tongue seat on the bearing 4 that this boss 12 and longitudinal beam 1 are located matches, to realize the anti-creep function of longitudinal sleeper in train is advanced.
In the another preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 6~Figure 10, on longitudinal beam 1, be arranged with to longitudinal separation formula support rail boss 14.The setting of this support rail boss 14 is important technology, and it is beneficial to rail and crosses the insulation between rail pipeline, is convenient to unit of operation's maintenance and maintenance.See shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, support rail boss 14 edges arrange support rail boss chamfering 15, are in order to be convenient in demoulding on the one hand, and while avoiding right angle on the other hand, stress is concentrated.As shown in Figure 10~14, service sleeve 5 is embedded in support rail boss 14 and longitudinal beam 1, can, by the joint of fastener 9 and described service sleeve 5, described rail 10 be installed on the support rail boss 14 of described longitudinal beam type sleeper by fastener 9.
The whole sleeper of railway is connected together and is formed by longitudinal beam type sleeper unit strings one by one.Disclose three kinds of connected modes below, but be not limited to this several modes.
Mode one: as Figure 11~Figure 13, be the connected form of longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, job site.On the end of the relative longitudinal beam 1 in adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, be provided with end junction steel plate 16, end junction steel plate 16 is fixed the end of adjacent both sides longitudinal beam 1 between two, by connecting screw rod 18 and attaching nut 17, end junction steel plate 16 is fixing again, adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit is connected.By its effective combination, just formed " seamless sleeper ", realized longly apart from the uniform continuous orbit structure of orbit rigidity, be more beneficial to the ride comfort of driving.
Mode two: as Figure 14~Figure 16, be the another connected form in longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, job site.Between four ends of adjacent longitudinal beam type sleeper unit longitudinal beam 1, be provided with junction steel plate 19 between four ends, by connecting bolt 20, junction steel plate 19 between above-mentioned four ends and four ends fixed together, longitudinal beam type sleeper unit is connected.
Mode three: as Figure 17~19, be a connected form again of ballast track bed longitudinal beam type sleeper unit, job site.In this embodiment, the end of every a pair of longitudinal beam 1 is all fixedly linked by closed end beam 22, the closed end beam 22 of adjacent both ends links together by closed end beam junction steel plate 21, connecting screw rod 18 and attaching nut 17, thereby reaches the connected object in longitudinal beam type sleeper unit.
Above the numerous embodiments of longitudinal sleeper of the present invention is had been described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this.In addition, need emphasis to be pointed out that, the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present invention can adopt various feasible modes to be used in combination, and all these feasible combinations all should be considered to a part for the disclosure of invention, within dropping into equally scope of the present invention.
The present invention also provides a kind of elastic damping rail system, below with reference to Figure 20 figure~Figure 21, the exemplary embodiment of elastic damping rail system of the present invention is elaborated.
Figure 20 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system of Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment according to the present invention.Figure 21 is the side schematic view of Figure 20 Elastic damper rail system.Figure 22 is the floor map of the elastic damping rail system of Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment according to the present invention.Figure 23 is the side schematic view of Figure 22 Elastic damper rail system.
According to a kind of embodiment shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, elastic damping rail system of the present invention comprises the L shaped bearing 4 with bottom 7 and sidepiece 6.Described a pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of relative described bearing 4, and outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, not only can support stringer formula sleeper 1, and can play the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system.Longitudinally the length direction of sleeper is separately installed with rail 10 on the longitudinal beam 1 of longitudinal longitudinal beam type sleeper, can, by the joint of the service sleeve 5 in fastener 9 and described longitudinal beam 1, described rail 10 be installed on described longitudinal beam 1 by fastener 9.Described a pair of longitudinal beam 1 is respectively seated on the bottom 7 of a pair of described bearing 4, and outside is against the sidepiece 6 of described bearing 4.By this bearing 4, not only can support stringer formula sleeper 1, and can play the cross spacing effect of longitudinal sleeper or elastic damping rail system.It is pointed out that L shaped bearing 4 is only the applied use embodiment of longitudinal sleeper of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this, such as using bearing of other shapes etc.Bearing 4 can be that Reinforced Concrete Materials is made, and can be also that the materials such as cast iron, resin are made.
In addition, can between described longitudinal beam 1 and the bottom 7 of described bearing 4, arrange vibration damping facility 3, between longitudinal beam 1 and the sidepiece 6 of bearing 4, arrange cushion pad 8, to obtain vibration damping and buffering effect, alleviate the impact force that track vibration is subject to structure, reduce the vibration of structure, extended the application life of structure.According to the principle of active force and reaction force, can reduce the impact force to elastic damping rail system equally simultaneously.For elastic damping rail system, vibration damping facility and cushion pad can alleviate its stressing conditions.Owing to having adopted the stressed longitudinal sleeper that can carry out longitudinal dispersion of wheel track, so be hit the on the whole impact of power of elastic damping rail system is less.Described vibration damping facility 3 and cushion pad 8 can be made by multiple elastomeric material, such as rubber, plastics, spring etc.In the present invention, can also replace with other vibration absorber above-mentioned vibration damping facility and/or cushion pad.As vibration damping facility can comprise at least two boards part and the spring between plate, resiliency supported mode is not limited to this.Its structure is easily to realize to those skilled in the art, and the present invention repeats no more.
Shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23 is the damper rail system with support rail boss 14, and the damper rail systems compliant with shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, repeats no more.
Above by numerous embodiments, longitudinal beam type sleeper of the present invention and elastic damping rail system are had been described in detail, this elastic damping rail system can adopt various longitudinal sleeper of the present invention in principle.
It is emphasized that, with reference to accompanying drawing and numerous embodiments, longitudinal sleeper of the present invention and elastic damping rail system are had been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to these concrete embodiments, and these embodiments can be adopted by various feasible combinations, and the present invention does not impose any restrictions this.All these feasible combinations all should be understood to belong to a part disclosed by the invention, within dropping into equally scope of the present invention.