CN104264060A - High-impact toughness and high-thermal stability hot extrusion die steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-impact toughness and high-thermal stability hot extrusion die steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104264060A
CN104264060A CN201410569795.8A CN201410569795A CN104264060A CN 104264060 A CN104264060 A CN 104264060A CN 201410569795 A CN201410569795 A CN 201410569795A CN 104264060 A CN104264060 A CN 104264060A
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percent
thermal stability
stove
die steel
extrusion die
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CN104264060B (en
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王东
杨旭东
陈建礼
王钰
杨斌
邵伟
杨跃东
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SHANXI BUYEASY MACHINERY MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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SHANXI BUYEASY MACHINERY MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to high-impact toughness and high-thermal stability hot extrusion die steel and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of poor strength and poor heat thermal stability under low temperature due to lower carbon content of the conventional hot work die steel. The high-impact toughness and high-thermal stability hot extrusion die steel is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.32-0.45 percent of C, 0.80-1.20 percent of Si, 0.20-0.50 percent of Mn, 4.75-5.50 percent of Cr, 1.00-1.75 percent of Mo, 0.80-1.20 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.018 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.55 percent of Ni+Cu, 0.04-0.10 percent of Nb and the balance of Fe and impurities. The high-impact toughness and high-thermal stability hot extrusion die steel and the preparation method thereof have the benefits that the thermal stability, the cold and hot fatigue resistance and the thermal wear resistance are improved under the situation that the high temperature strength and the high toughness are not reduced,, so that the service life of the die is greatly prolonged, therefore, the use cost is reduced.

Description

A kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot-work die steel technology, be specially a kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
H13 is a grade of steel in U.S. ASTM A681-1994 " alloy tool steel technical qualification ", and this is a kind of hot-work die steel of international type, and it is all incorporated oneself national standard by nearly all advanced industrial country, is 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel in China; Germany is DIN1.2344; Sweden is SS142242; France is AFNORZ40COV5; Japan is JISSKD61.H13 steel has comparatively high-tenacity under the condition of hardening, and has excellent thermal crack resistant ability, is a kind of tough air cooling sclerotic type Hot-working Die Steels had concurrently.Therefore, being widely used, is typical hot-extrusion mold steel.
The distinguishing feature of H13 has high hardening capacity and high toughness, excellent thermal crack resistant ability, high-temperature stability and wear resistance; But because its carbon content is lower, in tempering, secondary hardening ability is poor, has anti-softening ability at relatively high temperatures, but use temperature higher than 540 DEG C (1000 ℉) time, hardness declines rapidly (namely the working temperature of ability is 540 DEG C).
Summary of the invention
The present invention to cause intensity difference under high temperature and the problem of thermal stability difference to solve existing hot-work die steel because carbon content is lower, provide a kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel and preparation method thereof.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel are made up of the raw material of following mass percent, C 0.32-0.45%; Si 0.80-1.20%; Mn 0.20-0.50%; Cr 4.75-5.50%; Mo 1.00-1.75%; V 0.80-1.20%; P≤0.018%; S≤0.005%; Cu≤0.30%; Ni+Cu≤0.55; Nb 0.04-0.10%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
The present invention, by adding niobium element, plays grain refining, improves carbide morphology, improves the effect of secondary hardening peak value; Reduce phosphorus, sulfur content, improve thermal fatigue resistance and resistance to breakage; Niobium element and phosphorus, the choosing of sulfur content, be through that a large amount of repetition test draws, under the prerequisite ensureing impelling strength, greatly improves thermostability and cold & heat fatigue resisting.Overcome existing hot-work die steel and cause intensity difference under high temperature because carbon content is lower and the problem of thermal stability difference.
The preparation method of a kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, adopt following steps: a, the raw material of above-mentioned mass percent is carried out melting in induction furnace, smelting temperature 1600-1640 DEG C, is cast into ingot casting and air cooling at 1550-1590 DEG C subsequently; B, steel ingot is carried out esr as consumable electrode, in the water mold of liquid metal below the slag blanket of slag bath falls to, be more again frozen into steel ingot; C, Heating temperature are forged to 1180 DEG C, and initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C, obtains forged steel pieces; D, 880 DEG C insulation 3h, stove is chilled to 750 DEG C of isothermal 4h, and stove is chilled to less than 500 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove, and completes isothermal spheroidizing; E, be warmed up to 1080 DEG C with stove, insulation 2h, oil quenching 20min after coming out of the stove; Tempering at 590-620 DEG C subsequently, insulation 4h, tempering twice.
Quench in the method, tempering process and parameter choose choosing in conjunction with composition of raw materials, improve thermal stability.
The present invention is by adding niobium element, and play and solidify refinement, Deformation recrystallization refinement and thermal treatment refinement complex art, the tissue of refinement Extrusion Die Steel, obtains tiny plate martensite; Meanwhile, adding of niobium, form the NbC of face-centred cubic structure, its high-temperature digestion degree is high, makes the carbide of the fine particle that existence and stability in steel is high, and disperse in crystal boundary, thus improves use temperature; And by optimization thermal treatment, and in austenite insulating process, (before comprising forging the front heating with quenching) NbC separates out prevention Austenite Grain Growth, obtains the using-system of refinement; Simultaneously by reducing phosphorus, sulfur content, reducing harmful element, reaching minimizing segregation, improve inclusion and eutectic carbides form, avoid the appearance of brittle phenomenon; When hot strength, high temperature toughness do not reduce, improve thermostability and cold & heat fatigue resisting and hot wear resistance, thus expand use range, the large Special use requirement such as load, long lifetime under effectively can meeting hot environment; The mold use life-span is improved greatly, thus reduces use cost.
Drawn by great number tested data, ensureing under tempered-hardness and the substantially constant prerequisite of tensile strength, impelling strength brings up to 31-33 J/cm2 from 28.6 original J/cm2, and tempering temperature is at 600-640 DEG C, and hardness brings up to HRC46.4-35.4 from original HRC40.4-33.2.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
A kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel are made up of the raw material of following mass percent, C 0.32%; Si 0.80%; Mn 0.20%; Cr 4.75%; Mo 1.00%; V 0.80%; P 0.005%; S 0.001%; Cu 0.08%; Ni+Cu 0.21; Nb 0.04%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
2, the preparation method of a kind of a kind of high impact toughness as claimed in claim 1, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, adopt following steps: a, the raw material of above-mentioned mass percent is carried out melting in induction furnace, smelting temperature 1600 DEG C, is cast into ingot casting and air cooling at 1550 DEG C subsequently; B, steel ingot is carried out esr as consumable electrode, in the water mold of liquid metal below the slag blanket of slag bath falls to, be more again frozen into steel ingot; C, Heating temperature are forged to 1180 DEG C, and initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C, obtains forged steel pieces; D, 880 DEG C insulation 3h, stove is chilled to 750 DEG C of isothermal 4h, and stove is chilled to less than 500 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove, and completes isothermal spheroidizing; E, be warmed up to 1080 DEG C with stove, insulation 2h, oil quenching 20min after coming out of the stove; Tempering at 590 DEG C subsequently, insulation 4h, tempering twice.
embodiment 2
A kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel are made up of the raw material of following mass percent, C 0.45%; Si 1.20%; Mn 0.50%; Cr 5.50%; Mo 1.75%; V 1.20%; P 0.018%; S 0.005%; Cu 0.30%; Ni+Cu 0.55; Nb 0.10%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
2, the preparation method of a kind of a kind of high impact toughness as claimed in claim 1, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, adopt following steps: a, the raw material of above-mentioned mass percent is carried out melting in induction furnace, smelting temperature 1640 DEG C, is cast into ingot casting and air cooling at 1590 DEG C subsequently; B, steel ingot is carried out esr as consumable electrode, in the water mold of liquid metal below the slag blanket of slag bath falls to, be more again frozen into steel ingot; C, Heating temperature are forged to 1180 DEG C, and initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C, obtains forged steel pieces; D, 880 DEG C insulation 3h, stove is chilled to 750 DEG C of isothermal 4h, and stove is chilled to less than 500 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove, and completes isothermal spheroidizing; E, be warmed up to 1080 DEG C with stove, insulation 2h, oil quenching 20min after coming out of the stove; Tempering at 620 DEG C subsequently, insulation 4h, tempering twice.
embodiment 3
A kind of high impact toughness, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel are made up of the raw material of following mass percent, C 0.36%; Si 1.05%; Mn 0.36%; Cr 5.18%; Mo 1.32%; V 0.98%; P 0.014%; S 0.004%; Cu 0.29%; Ni+Cu 0.49%; Nb 0.07%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
2, the preparation method of a kind of a kind of high impact toughness as claimed in claim 1, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, adopt following steps: a, the raw material of above-mentioned mass percent is carried out melting in induction furnace, smelting temperature 1628 DEG C, is cast into ingot casting and air cooling at 1573 DEG C subsequently; B, steel ingot is carried out esr as consumable electrode, in the water mold of liquid metal below the slag blanket of slag bath falls to, be more again frozen into steel ingot; C, Heating temperature are forged to 1180 DEG C, and initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C, obtains forged steel pieces; D, 880 DEG C insulation 3h, stove is chilled to 750 DEG C of isothermal 4h, and stove is chilled to less than 500 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove, and completes isothermal spheroidizing; E, be warmed up to 1080 DEG C with stove, insulation 2h, oil quenching 20min after coming out of the stove; Tempering at 611 DEG C subsequently, insulation 4h, tempering twice.
By this formula and processing step, the impelling strength of this Extrusion Die Steel brings up to 33 J/cm2 from 28.6 original J/cm2; Tempering temperature is at 600 DEG C, and hardness brings up to HRC46.4, and tempering temperature is at 620 DEG C, and hardness brings up to HRC44.2, and tempering temperature is at 640 DEG C, and hardness brings up to HRC36.5.

Claims (2)

1. high impact toughness, a high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, is characterized in that: be made up of the raw material of following mass percent, C 0.32-0.45%; Si 0.80-1.20%; Mn 0.20-0.50%; Cr 4.75-5.50%; Mo 1.00-1.75%; V 0.80-1.20%; P≤0.018%; S≤0.005%; Cu≤0.30%; Ni+Cu≤0.55; Nb 0.04-0.10%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
2. the preparation method of an a kind of high impact toughness as claimed in claim 1, high thermal stability Extrusion Die Steel, it is characterized in that: adopt following steps: a, the raw material of above-mentioned mass percent is carried out melting in induction furnace, smelting temperature 1600-1640 DEG C, is cast into ingot casting and air cooling at 1550-1590 DEG C subsequently; B, steel ingot is carried out esr as consumable electrode, in the water mold of liquid metal below the slag blanket of slag bath falls to, be more again frozen into steel ingot; C, Heating temperature are forged to 1180 DEG C, and initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C, obtains forged steel pieces; D, 880 DEG C insulation 3h, stove is chilled to 750 DEG C of isothermal 4h, and stove is chilled to less than 500 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove, and completes isothermal spheroidizing; E, be warmed up to 1080 DEG C with stove, insulation 2h, oil quenching 20min after coming out of the stove; Tempering at 590-620 DEG C subsequently, insulation 4h, tempering twice.
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106053266A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-10-26 中南钻石有限公司 Impact specimen pipe for industrial diamond detection and detection method therefor
CN106544592A (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-03-29 辽宁乾金金属材料开发有限公司 Obdurability hot die steel and its production method
CN107699789A (en) * 2017-08-24 2018-02-16 唐山志威科技有限公司 A kind of high tenacity, high thermal stability ZW866 hot die steel for die-casting and preparation method thereof
CN107858593A (en) * 2017-11-18 2018-03-30 蚌埠市华鼎机械科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of Heat-resistant stable, impact-resistant alloy mold
CN108441766A (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-08-24 合肥汇之新机械科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method with excellent mechanical properties mould steel
CN108660357A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-10-16 曹威 It is a kind of to be used to manufacture alloy material of hot-extrusion mold and preparation method thereof
CN110863156A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-03-06 鞍钢股份有限公司 Hot work die steel and efficient preparation method thereof
CN112813349A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 傅永平 Steel for hot extrusion die and preparation method thereof
CN114703431A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-05 燕山大学 Heat treatment process for homogenizing hot-work die steel and annealing structure
CN115505850A (en) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-23 浙江理工大学 Alloy material, punching die and processing technology

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JPH0215117A (en) * 1988-07-01 1990-01-18 Kobe Steel Ltd Production of prehardened die steel for forming plastic
US5207843A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-05-04 Latrobe Steel Company Chromium hot work steel
CN1940113A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-04-04 沈阳市铸威特殊钢有限公司 Die steel
CN101440456A (en) * 2007-11-21 2009-05-27 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Hot die steel with excellent heat resistance and high toughness
CN102534391A (en) * 2012-01-17 2012-07-04 武汉科技大学 Hot-work die steel for extrusion wheel and manufacturing method thereof

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CN85100822A (en) * 1985-04-01 1985-10-10 华中工学院 Hot-work die steel
JPH0215117A (en) * 1988-07-01 1990-01-18 Kobe Steel Ltd Production of prehardened die steel for forming plastic
US5207843A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-05-04 Latrobe Steel Company Chromium hot work steel
CN1940113A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-04-04 沈阳市铸威特殊钢有限公司 Die steel
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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106053266A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-10-26 中南钻石有限公司 Impact specimen pipe for industrial diamond detection and detection method therefor
CN106053266B (en) * 2016-08-18 2019-03-26 中南钻石有限公司 A kind of carbonado detection impact specimen pipe and its detection method
CN106544592A (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-03-29 辽宁乾金金属材料开发有限公司 Obdurability hot die steel and its production method
CN106544592B (en) * 2016-11-01 2018-05-18 辽宁乾金金属材料开发有限公司 obdurability hot die steel and its production method
CN107699789B (en) * 2017-08-24 2019-04-05 唐山志威科技有限公司 A kind of high tenacity, high thermal stability ZW866 hot die steel for die-casting and preparation method thereof
CN107699789A (en) * 2017-08-24 2018-02-16 唐山志威科技有限公司 A kind of high tenacity, high thermal stability ZW866 hot die steel for die-casting and preparation method thereof
CN107858593A (en) * 2017-11-18 2018-03-30 蚌埠市华鼎机械科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of Heat-resistant stable, impact-resistant alloy mold
CN108441766A (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-08-24 合肥汇之新机械科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method with excellent mechanical properties mould steel
CN108660357A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-10-16 曹威 It is a kind of to be used to manufacture alloy material of hot-extrusion mold and preparation method thereof
CN108660357B (en) * 2018-05-18 2020-03-31 陈赛飞 Alloy material for manufacturing hot extrusion die and preparation method thereof
CN110863156A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-03-06 鞍钢股份有限公司 Hot work die steel and efficient preparation method thereof
CN112813349A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 傅永平 Steel for hot extrusion die and preparation method thereof
CN112813349B (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-11-30 傅永平 Steel for hot extrusion die and preparation method thereof
CN114703431A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-05 燕山大学 Heat treatment process for homogenizing hot-work die steel and annealing structure
CN115505850A (en) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-23 浙江理工大学 Alloy material, punching die and processing technology

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Denomination of invention: A high impact toughness and high thermal stability hot extrusion die steel and its preparation method

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