CN103774049A - High chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention particularly discloses high chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance, and a preparation method thereof. The problems that the existing D2 cold work die steel easily generates serious carbide segregation so as to result in low tenacity, small gaps and raptures are solved. The high chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance is prepared from the following raw materials by mass percent: 1.40-1.65% of C, no more than 0.60% of Si, no more than 0.60% of Mn, no more than 0.020% of S, no more than 0.020% of P, 8-13.00% of Cr, 0.70-1.20% of Mo, 0.20-1.00% of V, 0.005-0.20% of Nb, 0.003-0.02% of RE, no more than 0.25% of Ni, no more than 0.30% of Cu, and the balance of Fe and impurities. The high chromium ledeburite cold work die steel is excellent in overall performance, and can replace cold work die steel such as Cr12MoV, D2 steel and the like, the tenacity and the abrasive resistance of the die are improved, and the service life is greatly prolonged. Thus, the use cost is reduced, the usable range is expanded, and the problems of poor tenacity, tipping or rapture, low wear resistance and the like in special service environments such as large impact load, high work speed, high accuracy, long service life and the like can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cold-work die steel making field, be specially the high chromium ledeburite of a kind of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
D2 steel is a kind of high carbon and chromium ledeburite type cold-work die steel, and air cooling can harden.A grade of steel in Ta Shi U.S. ASTM A681-94 " alloy tool steel technical qualification ", has included China standard GB 1299-85 " alloy tool steel technical qualification " for 1985 in, but Mo in D2 steel and the content of V double above than Crl2MoV steel.Therefore,, while introducing D2 steel in GB1299-85, be decided to be Cr12Mo1V1 by China's grade of steel representation.
D2 steel is a kind of cold-work die steel of international type, and nearly all advanced industrial country has all included it in the national standard of oneself, as: the BD2 steel in Britain BS4659; SKD11 steel in Japan JIS4404; X155CrVMo12l steel in Germany DIN17350; Z160CDV12 steel in France A35-580.Be characterized in: carbon content is high, alloying element is many, has a large amount of carbide in steel, and fragility is large, and resistance to deformation is large, and when forging and hot rolling, temperature range is narrower, and thermomechanical poor processability and decarburization trend are large.But have high rigidity, medium toughness and good anti-deformation with the mould that its is manufactured after becoming a useful person, therefore long service life is favored by external each cold-work die producer deeply since coming out always.
It is serious that D2 steel is prone to carbide segregation, causes directivity distortion and toughness lower, and small breach easily appears in heavily stressed place, and the situation of fracture easily occurs after thermal treatment.
Summary of the invention
Easily there is in order to solve existing D2 cold-work die steel the problem that carbide segregation seriously causes the small breach of the lower appearance of toughness and fracture occurs in the present invention, the high chromium ledeburite of a kind of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel is provided.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, is made up of C 1.40-1.65% the raw material of following mass percent; Si≤0.60%; Mn≤0.60%; S≤0.020%; P≤0.020%; Cr 8-13.00%; Mo 0.70-1.20%; V 0.20-1.00%; Nb 0.005-0.20%; RE 0.003-0.02%; Ni≤0.25%; Cu≤0.30%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
By adding niobium and rare earth on the basis at original D2 steel, lower chromium content, refinement, Deformation recrystallization refinement and thermal treatment refinement complex art are solidified in performance, form carbide or the carbonitride of high temperature, when can be used as high chromium ledeburite die steel and solidifying, austenite core, plays and solidifies refining effect; By Nb microalloying, control Deformation recrystallization process, obtain the crystal grain that as-forged condition is tiny; By optimizing thermal treatment, and in austenite insulating process, (before comprising forging and before quenching, heat) NbC and separate out prevention Austenite Grain Growth, obtain the using-system of refinement; By the rotten processing of rare earth element, reduce carbide segregation, improve inclusion and eutectic carbides form.Hardness performance and the impact resistance of material are all significantly increased, and this proportioning is to draw through a large amount of tests repeatedly.Overcome existing D2 cold-work die steel the problem that carbide segregation seriously causes the small breach of the lower appearance of toughness and fracture occurs has easily occurred.
The interior tissue of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel is that length is less than the tiny plate martensite that 30 microns, width are less than 0.5 micron.
The preparation method of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, adopt following steps: a, raw scrap material is added to melting in electric arc furnace, smelting temperature is 1500-1600 ℃, in fusion process, add raw material and reductor, carry out secondary refining by ladle refining furnace and vacuum degassing furnace subsequently; B, ingot mold is preheating to 250-300 ℃, pouring temperature is 1460-1510 ℃, after insulation, after demoulding insulation slow cooling, comes out of the stove; C, put into esr device using steel ingot as consumable electrode and carry out secondary refining, reduce gas and inclusion content, obtain composition evenly, dense structure, ingot casting that quality is high; D, ingot casting preheating temperature 650-705 ℃, Heating temperature is 1120-1140 ℃, and initial forging temperature is 1050-1070 ℃, and final forging temperature is 850-925 ℃, and forging ratio is 8, obtains forged steel pieces; E, forged steel pieces are at 870-890 ℃ of insulation 2 h, and stove is chilled to after 740-760 ℃ of isothermal 3h subsequently, and stove is chilled to 550 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove below; F, be then slowly warmed up to 600 ℃, after insulation 20min, carry out preheating for the first time, after samming, rise to 850 ℃, then be incubated 30min and carry out preheating for the second time, be finally warmed up to 1040-1060 ℃, insulation 25-40min, the air cooling of coming out of the stove; Finally carry out tempering at 180-230 ℃ of insulation 2h.
When forging, choosing of Heating temperature can not be too high, is prone to burn-off phenomenon; Temperature is too low, is prone to crackle and resistance to deformation and increases.When forging ratio is lower, can not smash primary carbide, affect structure of steel mechanical property.The quenching temperature of steel is 1040-1060 ℃, slightly higher than D2 steel quenching temperature (1010 ℃), this is the result of niobium element and rare earth element refine austenite crystal grain, when this temperature is quenched, the proeutectoid carbide size that tempering obtains is tiny, the refinement of martensite grain-size, remained austenite content is lower, therefore has higher hardness.Soaking time is long can soften, lower hardness.Quenching temperature is too high, Austenite Grain Growth, and remained austenite content is too high, finally organizes lower hardness; Quenching temperature reduces, and carbide dissolves insufficient, finally organizes hardness also lower.Choose different tempering temperatures according to different uses.Steel of the present invention, to the not high mould of simple smallclothes use temperature, from energy-conservation consideration, is taked low tempering temperatures.
High comprehensive performance of the present invention, the cold-work die steels such as alternative Cr12MoV, D2 steel class, improve mould toughness and wear resistance, greatly improve work-ing life, thereby reduction use cost, expand use range, can effectively solve under the Special use environment such as heavy shock loads, working speed are high, high precision and long service life poor toughness tipping or fracture, the problem such as not wear-resisting.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
The high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, is made up of C 1.40% raw material of following mass percent; Si 0.01%; Mn 0.01%; S 0.01%; P 0.01%; Cr 8%; Mo 0.70%; V 0.20%; Nb 0.005%; RE 0.003%; Ni 0.01%; Cu 0.01%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
The interior tissue of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel is that mean length is about 30 microns, width average and is about the tiny plate martensite of 0.5 micron.
The preparation method of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, adopt following steps: a, raw scrap material is added to melting in electric arc furnace, smelting temperature is 1500 ℃, adds raw material and reductor in fusion process, carries out secondary refining subsequently by ladle refining furnace and vacuum degassing furnace; B, ingot mold is preheating to 250 ℃, pouring temperature is 1460 ℃, after insulation, after demoulding insulation slow cooling, comes out of the stove; C, put into esr device using steel ingot as consumable electrode and carry out secondary refining, reduce gas and inclusion content, obtain composition evenly, dense structure, ingot casting that quality is high; 650 ℃ of d, ingot casting preheating temperature, Heating temperature is 1120 ℃, and initial forging temperature is 1050 ℃, and final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and forging ratio is 8, obtains forged steel pieces; E, forged steel pieces are at 870 ℃ of insulation 2 h, and stove is chilled to after 740 ℃ of isothermal 3h subsequently, and stove is chilled to 550 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove below; F, be then slowly warmed up to 600 ℃, after insulation 20min, carry out preheating for the first time, after samming, rise to 850 ℃, then be incubated 30min and carry out preheating for the second time, be finally warmed up to 1040 ℃, insulation 25min, the air cooling of coming out of the stove; Finally carry out tempering at 180 ℃ of insulation 2h.
Steel hardness is HRC62.4, and ballistic work is 65J, and wear weight loss is 13.4mg; Relatively D2 steel hardness HRC61.3, ballistic work is 45J, and wear weight loss is 22.3mg, and wear resistance and impelling strength significantly improve.
embodiment 2
The high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, is characterized in that: the raw material by following mass percent forms C 1.65%; Si 0.60%; Mn 0.60%; S 0.020%; P 0.020%; Cr 13.00%; Mo 1.20%; V 1.00%; Nb 0.20%; RE 0.02%; Ni 0.25%; Cu 0.30%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
The interior tissue of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel is that mean length is about 30 microns, width average and is about the tiny plate martensite of 0.4 micron.
The preparation method of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, adopt following steps: a, raw scrap material is added to melting in electric arc furnace, smelting temperature is 1600 ℃, adds raw material and reductor in fusion process, carries out secondary refining subsequently by ladle refining furnace and vacuum degassing furnace; B, ingot mold is preheating to 300 ℃, pouring temperature is 1510 ℃, after insulation, after demoulding insulation slow cooling, comes out of the stove; C, put into esr device using steel ingot as consumable electrode and carry out secondary refining, reduce gas and inclusion content, obtain composition evenly, dense structure, ingot casting that quality is high; 705 ℃ of d, ingot casting preheating temperature, Heating temperature is 1140 ℃, and initial forging temperature is 1070 ℃, and final forging temperature is 925 ℃, and forging ratio is 8, obtains forged steel pieces; E, forged steel pieces are at 890 ℃ of insulation 2 h, and stove is chilled to after 760 ℃ of isothermal 3h subsequently, and stove is chilled to 550 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove below; F, be then slowly warmed up to 600 ℃, after insulation 20min, carry out preheating for the first time, after samming, rise to 850 ℃, then be incubated 30min and carry out preheating for the second time, be finally warmed up to 1060 ℃, insulation 40min, the air cooling of coming out of the stove; Finally carry out tempering at 230 ℃ of insulation 2h.
Steel hardness is HRC59, and ballistic work is 71J, and wear weight loss is 26.3mg; Relatively D2 steel hardness HRC61.3, ballistic work is 45J, and wear weight loss is 22.3mg, and wear resistance reduces, and impelling strength raises.
embodiment 3
The high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, is characterized in that: the raw material by following mass percent forms C 1.55%; Si 0.37%; Mn 0.45%; S≤0.013%; P≤0.015%; Cr 11.8%; Mo 0.98%; V 0.87%; Nb 0.11%; RE 0.009%; Ni 0.18%; Cu 0.21%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
The interior tissue of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel is that mean length is about 25 microns, width average and is about the tiny plate martensite of 0.4 micron.
The preparation method of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, adopt following steps: a, raw scrap material is added to melting in electric arc furnace, smelting temperature is 1585 ℃, adds raw material and reductor in fusion process, carries out secondary refining subsequently by ladle refining furnace and vacuum degassing furnace; B, ingot mold is preheating to 285 ℃, pouring temperature is 1489 ℃, after insulation, after demoulding insulation slow cooling, comes out of the stove; C, put into esr device using steel ingot as consumable electrode and carry out secondary refining, reduce gas and inclusion content, obtain composition evenly, dense structure, ingot casting that quality is high; D, ingot casting preheating temperature 650-705 ℃, Heating temperature is 1129 ℃, and initial forging temperature is 1056 ℃, and final forging temperature is 867 ℃, and forging ratio is 8, obtains forged steel pieces; E, forged steel pieces are at 879 ℃ of insulation 2 h, and stove is chilled to after 758 ℃ of isothermal 3h subsequently, and stove is chilled to 550 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove below; F, be then slowly warmed up to 600 ℃, after insulation 20min, carry out preheating for the first time, after samming, rise to 850 ℃, then be incubated 30min and carry out preheating for the second time, be finally warmed up to 1051 ℃, insulation 31min, the air cooling of coming out of the stove; Finally carry out tempering at 197 ℃ of insulation 2h.
Steel hardness is HRC64.3, and ballistic work is 84J, and wear weight loss is 8.3mg.Relatively D2 steel hardness HRC61.3, ballistic work is 45J, and wear weight loss is 22.3mg, and wear resistance and impelling strength significantly improve.
Claims (3)
1. the high chromium ledeburite of a high-ductility high wear-resistant cold-work die steel, is characterized in that: the raw material by following mass percent forms C 1.40-1.65%; Si≤0.60%; Mn≤0.60%; S≤0.020%; P≤0.020%; Cr 8-13.00%; Mo 0.70-1.20%; V 0.20-1.00%; Nb 0.005-0.20%; RE 0.003-0.02%; Ni≤0.25%; Cu≤0.30%; All the other are Fe and impurity.
2. the interior tissue of the high chromium ledeburite of a high-ductility high wear-resistant as claimed in claim 1 cold-work die steel is that length is less than the tiny plate martensite that 30 microns, width are less than 0.5 micron.
3. the preparation method of the high chromium ledeburite of high-ductility high wear-resistant according to claim 1 cold-work die steel, it is characterized in that: adopt following steps: a, raw scrap material is added to melting in electric arc furnace, smelting temperature is 1500-1600 ℃, in fusion process, add raw material and reductor, carry out secondary refining by ladle refining furnace and vacuum degassing furnace subsequently; B, ingot mold is preheating to 250-300 ℃, pouring temperature is 1460-1510 ℃, after insulation, after demoulding insulation slow cooling, comes out of the stove; C, put into esr device using steel ingot as consumable electrode and carry out secondary refining, reduce gas and inclusion content, obtain composition evenly, dense structure, ingot casting that quality is high; D, ingot casting preheating temperature 650-705 ℃, Heating temperature is 1120-1140 ℃, and initial forging temperature is 1050-1070 ℃, and final forging temperature is 850-925 ℃, and forging ratio is 8, obtains forged steel pieces; E, forged steel pieces are at 870-890 ℃ of insulation 2 h, and stove is chilled to after 740-760 ℃ of isothermal 3h subsequently, and stove is chilled to 550 ℃ of air coolings of coming out of the stove below; F, be then slowly warmed up to 600 ℃, after insulation 20min, carry out preheating for the first time, after samming, rise to 850 ℃, then be incubated 30min and carry out preheating for the second time, be finally warmed up to 1040-1060 ℃, insulation 25-40min, the air cooling of coming out of the stove; Finally carry out tempering at 180-230 ℃ of insulation 2h.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104357731A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-18 | 安徽星亚冶金科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for dust cover of concrete mixing machine |
| CN104480400A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | C-N-B composite hardened high-wear-resistance cold-work die steel |
| CN106111864A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technique of split type loose tool |
| CN106475501A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | A kind of forging heating method of big ingot shape cold work die steel |
| CN108007036A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-08 | 博维恩冷冻科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of high abrasion refrigerating plant and its strengthening process |
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| CN110669999A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Super-large-section ledeburite cold-work die steel bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110938774A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-31 | 贾宁 | Environment-friendly steelmaking process of steelmaking furnace |
| CN115627419A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness Cr8 cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104357731A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-02-18 | 安徽星亚冶金科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for dust cover of concrete mixing machine |
| CN104480400A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | C-N-B composite hardened high-wear-resistance cold-work die steel |
| CN106111864B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-01-23 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technology of split type loose tool |
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| CN109280743A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-29 | 湖北富烽新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of roll high-strength abrasion-proof steel and its production method |
| CN109280743B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-07-28 | 湖北富烽新材料科技有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant steel for roller and production method thereof |
| CN110669999A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Super-large-section ledeburite cold-work die steel bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110669999B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-10-02 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Super-large-section ledeburite cold-work die steel bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110938774A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-31 | 贾宁 | Environment-friendly steelmaking process of steelmaking furnace |
| CN115627419A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness Cr8 cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115627419B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-11-28 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness Cr8 cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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Inventor after: Yang Xudong Inventor after: Liu Ruiming Inventor after: Wang Yu Inventor after: Yin Hongxiang Inventor after: Zhang Yuli Inventor after: Liu Guoqing Inventor after: Li Baoping Inventor before: Du Xiaoqiang Inventor before: Liu Ruiming Inventor before: Yang Xudong Inventor before: Wang Yu Inventor before: Zhang Yuli Inventor before: Liu Guoqing Inventor before: Li Baoping Inventor before: Yin Hongxiang |
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Denomination of invention: High toughness, high wear resistance, high chromium ledeburite cold working die steel and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230911 Granted publication date: 20151209 Pledgee: China CITIC Bank Co.,Ltd. Taiyuan Branch Pledgor: SHANXI BUYEASY MACHINERY MANUFACTURE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023140000049 |