CN110938774A - Environment-friendly steelmaking process of steelmaking furnace - Google Patents
Environment-friendly steelmaking process of steelmaking furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110938774A CN110938774A CN201911297296.7A CN201911297296A CN110938774A CN 110938774 A CN110938774 A CN 110938774A CN 201911297296 A CN201911297296 A CN 201911297296A CN 110938774 A CN110938774 A CN 110938774A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly preparation of die steel, and particularly relates to a steelmaking process of an environment-friendly steelmaking furnace, which comprises the following specific steps: s1: forging a raw material blank: the raw materials respectively accounting for 1.3-1.5 percent by mass, 0.2-0.4 percent by mass, 0.3-0.5 percent by mass, 11.5-12.5 percent by mass, 0.7-0.9 percent by mass, 0.2-0.28 percent by mass and the balance of iron are placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare a raw material blank, the raw material blank is prepared into a forming product in a forging mode, and the high wear resistance effect of the die steel can be achieved by a proportioning mode of adding the raw materials, so that the using effect is good; through the simple preparation method, the preparation efficiency can be improved, the physical property of the finished product is stable, and the generated flue gas is absorbed and subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment, so that the emission can reach the emission standard, and the purpose of environmental protection is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly preparation of die steel, in particular to a steelmaking process of an environment-friendly steelmaking furnace.
Background
Steelmaking refers to controlling the carbon content (generally less than 2%), eliminating P, S, O, N and other harmful elements, retaining or increasing Si, Mn, Ni, Cr and other beneficial elements and adjusting the proportion among the elements to obtain the best performance.
Die steel is a steel grade used for manufacturing dies such as cold stamping dies, hot forging dies, die casting dies and the like. The die is a main processing tool for manufacturing parts in industrial departments of mechanical manufacturing, radio instruments, motors, electric appliances and the like. The quality of the die directly affects the quality of the pressure processing technology, the precision yield of products and the production cost, and the quality and the service life of the die are mainly affected by die materials and heat treatment except by reasonable structural design and processing precision.
The die steel can be roughly divided into: cold rolling die steel, hot rolling die steel and plastic die steel, and is used for forging, stamping, cutting, die casting and the like. Because of the complicated working conditions and different applications of various dies, the die steel should have high hardness, strength, wear resistance, sufficient toughness, and high hardenability, and other processing properties according to the working conditions of the die manufactured from the die steel. Since such applications are different and the working conditions are complicated, the performance requirements for the steel for molds are also different.
The existing die steel has insufficient hardness, the physical property of the die steel is unstable due to a processing method, the using effect is influenced, the smoke is not sufficiently treated in the steelmaking process, the smoke is easily influenced on the surrounding environment, and the die steel is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steelmaking furnace, which aims to solve the problems that the hardness of the existing die steel provided by the background art is not enough, the physical properties of the existing die steel are unstable by a processing method, the use effect is influenced, the smoke is not sufficiently treated in the steelmaking process, the smoke is easily influenced on the surrounding environment, and the environment is not sufficiently protected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: the raw materials respectively accounting for 1.3-1.5 percent of carbon, 0.2-0.4 percent of silicon, 0.3-0.5 percent of manganese, 11.5-12.5 percent of chromium, 0.7-0.9 percent of molybdenum, 0.2-0.28 percent of vanadium and the balance of iron are placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare raw material blanks, the raw material blanks are prepared into forming products in a forging mode, and in the steelmaking process, the generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being subjected to flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment;
s2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in the S1, heating the molded product in a blast furnace to 830-880 ℃, keeping the annealing temperature for 2-3 hours, and cooling the molded product after heat preservation;
s3: quenching: heating the molded product annealed in the step S2 in a blast furnace, taking the molded product out of the blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product twice in a blast furnace, air-cooling twice outside the blast furnace, and then performing stabilization heating treatment for 2-2.5 hours.
Preferably, the step of S1: and (3) performing raw material blank forging, namely placing the raw materials which are molten at high temperature in a vacuum environment for degassing and refining.
Preferably, the step of S1: the temperature for melting the raw materials at high temperature in the forging of the raw material blank is 900-1000 ℃.
Preferably, the step of S2: manner of cooling the molded article in annealing: the temperature of the molded product passing through the blast furnace in the blast furnace makes the molded product cool slowly.
Preferably, the step of S3: the heating of the formed product in the quenching process in a blast furnace is divided into two stages: the first stage is preheated to 700-800 ℃ and the second stage is heated to 1000-1050 ℃.
Preferably, the step of S4: the temperature of the two heating times in the tempering process is respectively 100-200 ℃ and 500-550 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilizing heating treatment is 400 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the effect of high wear resistance of the die steel can be achieved by adding the raw materials in a proportioning mode, and the using effect is good;
2) through the simple preparation method, the preparation efficiency can be improved, the physical property of the finished product is stable, and the generated flue gas is absorbed and subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment, so that the emission can reach the emission standard, and the purpose of environmental protection is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: the raw materials with the mass ratio of 1.3-1.5 percent of carbon, 0.2-0.4 percent of silicon, 0.3-0.5 percent of manganese, 11.5-12.5 percent of chromium, 0.7-0.9 percent of molybdenum, 0.2-0.28 percent of vanadium and the balance of iron are placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials melted at high temperature are placed in a vacuum environment to be degassed and refined, the temperature of the raw materials melted at high temperature is 900 ℃. the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare a raw material blank, the raw material blank is prepared into a forming product by forging, and the generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being desulfurized and denitrified by flue gas in the steelmaking process;
SO2 generates sulfuric acid through the adsorption effect of activated carbon micropore catalysis, the sulfuric acid is stored in coke micropores, gas with high SO2 concentration is generated through heat regeneration, and the gas is converted into various high-value byproducts such as high-purity sulfur, concentrated sulfuric acid, liquid SO2 and fertilizers according to requirements. Under the condition of adding nitrogen, NOx generates water and nitrogen under the catalytic action of active coke, and then the water and the nitrogen are discharged into the atmosphere. The equipment of the project is mainly a desulfurization and denitrification tower, and the flue gas transversely crosses and passes through an active coke layer, so the smoke dust is removed.
S2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in S1, heating the molded product in a blast furnace to 830-880 ℃, keeping the annealing temperature for 2-3 hours, cooling the molded product after heat preservation, and cooling the molded product: the molded product is slowly cooled by the self temperature of the blast furnace in the blast furnace;
s3: quenching: the molded article annealed in S2 is heated in a blast furnace, and the heating of the molded article in the blast furnace is divided into two stages: preheating at the temperature of 700-1050 ℃ in the first stage, heating to the temperature of 1000-1050 ℃ in the second stage, taking out the molded product from the blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product in a blast furnace twice, placing the heated formed product outside the blast furnace for air cooling twice, and then performing stabilization heating treatment, wherein the heating time of the stabilization heating treatment is 2-2.5 hours, the temperatures of the two heating times are respectively 100-550 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilization heating treatment is 400 ℃.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the steelmaking process of the environment-friendly steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: 1.3 percent of carbon, 0.2 percent of silicon, 0.3 percent of manganese, 11.5 percent of chromium, 0.7 percent of molybdenum, 0.2 percent of vanadium and the balance of iron by mass are respectively placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials melted at high temperature are placed in a vacuum environment for degassing and refining, the temperature of the raw materials melted at high temperature is 900 ℃ and the raw materials are mixed uniformly, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare a raw material blank, the raw material blank is prepared into a forming product by forging, and the generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being desulfurized and denitrified by the flue gas in the steelmaking process;
s2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in the step S1, heating the molded product to 830 ℃ in a blast furnace, keeping the annealing temperature for 2 hours, cooling the molded product after heat preservation, and cooling the molded product: the molded product is slowly cooled by the self temperature of the blast furnace in the blast furnace;
s3: quenching: the molded article annealed in S2 is heated in a blast furnace, and the heating of the molded article in the blast furnace is divided into two stages: preheating to 700 ℃ in the first stage, heating to 1000 ℃ in the second stage, taking out the molded product from a blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product in a blast furnace twice, placing the heated formed product outside the blast furnace for air cooling twice, and then performing stabilization heating treatment, wherein the heating time of the stabilization heating treatment is 2 hours, the temperature of the two heating times is 100 ℃ and 500 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilization heating treatment is 400 ℃.
Example two:
the steelmaking process of the environment-friendly steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: 1.4% of carbon, 0.3% of silicon, 0.4% of manganese, 12% of chromium, 0.8% of molybdenum, 0.24% of vanadium and the balance of iron by mass are placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at a high temperature, the raw materials melted at the high temperature are placed in a vacuum environment for degassing and refining, the temperature of the raw materials melted at the high temperature is 950 ℃, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare a raw material blank, the raw material blank is made into a forming product in a forging mode, and in the steelmaking process, generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being subjected to flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment;
s2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in the step S1, heating the molded product to 855 ℃ in a blast furnace, keeping the annealing temperature for 2.5 hours, cooling the molded product after heat preservation, and cooling the molded product: the molded product is slowly cooled by the self temperature of the blast furnace in the blast furnace;
s3: quenching: the molded article annealed in S2 is heated in a blast furnace, and the heating of the molded article in the blast furnace is divided into two stages: preheating 750 ℃ in the first stage, heating to 1025 ℃ in the second stage, taking out the molded product from a blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product in a blast furnace twice, placing the heated formed product outside the blast furnace for air cooling twice, and then performing stabilization heating treatment, wherein the heating time of the stabilization heating treatment is 2.25 hours, the temperature of the two heating times is 150 ℃ and 525 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilization heating treatment is 400 ℃.
Example three:
the steelmaking process of the environment-friendly steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: 1.5% of carbon, 0.4% of silicon, 0.5% of manganese, 12.5% of chromium, 0.9% of molybdenum, 0.28% of vanadium and the balance of iron by mass are respectively placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials melted at high temperature are placed in a vacuum environment for degassing and refining, the temperature of the raw materials melted at high temperature is 1000 ℃ and the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare a raw material blank, the raw material blank is prepared into a forming product in a forging mode, and in the steelmaking process, the generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being subjected to flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment;
s2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in the step S1, heating the molded product in a blast furnace to 880 ℃, keeping the annealing temperature for 3 hours, cooling the molded product after heat preservation, and cooling the molded product: the molded product is slowly cooled by the self temperature of the blast furnace in the blast furnace;
s3: quenching: the molded article annealed in S2 is heated in a blast furnace, and the heating of the molded article in the blast furnace is divided into two stages: preheating at 800 ℃ in the first stage, heating to 1050 ℃ in the second stage, taking out the molded product from a blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product in a blast furnace twice, placing the heated formed product outside the blast furnace for air cooling twice, and then performing stabilization heating treatment, wherein the heating time of the stabilization heating treatment is 2.5 hours, the temperature of the two heating times is 200 ℃ and 550 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilization heating treatment is 400 ℃.
The three embodiments can enable the prepared die steel to reach the hardness and the wear resistance required by use, and the steel-making process of the three embodiments can realize desulfurization and denitrification treatment of flue gas during processing, so that the environment-friendly effect is achieved.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. An environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steelmaking furnace is characterized in that: the steelmaking process of the environment-friendly steelmaking furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: forging a raw material blank: the raw materials respectively accounting for 1.3-1.5 percent of carbon, 0.2-0.4 percent of silicon, 0.3-0.5 percent of manganese, 11.5-12.5 percent of chromium, 0.7-0.9 percent of molybdenum, 0.2-0.28 percent of vanadium and the balance of iron are placed in a blast furnace and heated to melt the raw materials at high temperature, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, the uniformly mixed raw materials are injected into a forming die to prepare raw material blanks, the raw material blanks are prepared into forming products in a forging mode, and in the steelmaking process, the generated flue gas is absorbed and discharged after being subjected to flue gas desulfurization and denitrification treatment;
s2: annealing: taking out the molded product subjected to natural air cooling in the S1, heating the molded product in a blast furnace to 830-880 ℃, keeping the annealing temperature for 2-3 hours, and cooling the molded product after heat preservation;
s3: quenching: heating the molded product annealed in the step S2 in a blast furnace, taking the molded product out of the blast furnace after heating, and placing the molded product in air for cooling;
s4: tempering: and heating the quenched formed product twice in a blast furnace, air-cooling twice outside the blast furnace, and then performing stabilization heating treatment for 2-2.5 hours.
2. The environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steel furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S1: and (3) performing raw material blank forging, namely placing the raw materials which are molten at high temperature in a vacuum environment for degassing and refining.
3. The environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steel furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S1: the temperature for melting the raw materials at high temperature in the forging of the raw material blank is 900-1000 ℃.
4. The environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steel furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S2: manner of cooling the molded article in annealing: the temperature of the molded product passing through the blast furnace in the blast furnace makes the molded product cool slowly.
5. The environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steel furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S3: the heating of the formed product in the quenching process in a blast furnace is divided into two stages: the first stage is preheated to 700-800 ℃ and the second stage is heated to 1000-1050 ℃.
6. The environment-friendly steelmaking process of a steel furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S4: the temperature of the two heating times in the tempering process is respectively 100-200 ℃ and 500-550 ℃, and the heating temperature of the stabilizing heating treatment is 400 ℃.
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| CN103774049A (en) * | 2014-01-18 | 2014-05-07 | 山西百一机械设备制造有限公司 | High chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN109055671A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 柳州科沃塑业有限公司 | A kind of mould steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN110016617A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-16 | 上海大学 | A kind of cold work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-12-17 CN CN201911297296.7A patent/CN110938774A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060157163A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Daido Steel Co., Ltd. | Cold working die steel |
| CN103014510A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-04-03 | 滁州市成业机械制造有限公司 | High-strength cold-extrusion die steel and processing technology thereof |
| CN103774049A (en) * | 2014-01-18 | 2014-05-07 | 山西百一机械设备制造有限公司 | High chromium ledeburite cold work die steel with high tenacity and high abrasive resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN109055671A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 柳州科沃塑业有限公司 | A kind of mould steel and its manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20200331 |