CN110699597A - Hot work die steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hot work die steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material component design and preparation, in particular to a hot-work die steel material and a preparation method thereof. The hot work die steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is 0.40-0.60%; 0.20-0.70% of Si; mn is 0.20-0.80%; 4.00-6.00% of Cr; mo is 1.70-2.50%; v is 0.30-0.60; w is less than or equal to 0.30; ni is 0.10-2.00; al is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.020%; s is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, RE is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Fe, the total amount is 100 percent. In the preparation method, the hot die steel is prepared by preparing raw materials, smelting, refining, casting into an ingot, preparing into a forging material through homogenization treatment and superfine treatment, and performing performance heat treatment. The invention finally obtains better comprehensive performance of the hot die steel through the optimization design of alloy components, the purification treatment of the molten steel and the control of forging and heat treatment structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material component design and preparation, in particular to a hot-work die steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hot die steel has wide application in the fields of aluminum alloy extrusion forming, nonferrous alloy die casting, hot forging and the like, and part of the hot die steel with excellent comprehensive performance can also be used for shield machine cutters. The working conditions of hot work die steel are increasingly harsh, and the performance requirements of the die steel are increasingly high in order to guarantee the service life of the die.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide high-performance hot-work die steel and a preparation method thereof, so that the hot-work die steel finally obtains better wear resistance, high-temperature strength and high-temperature stability and has excellent comprehensive performance so as to meet the service requirement of the hot-work die steel in severe working environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the hot-work die steel comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: c is 0.40-0.60%; 0.20-0.70% of Si; mn is 0.20-0.80%; 4.00-6.00% of Cr; mo is 1.70-2.50%; v is 0.30-0.60; w is less than or equal to 0.30; ni is 0.10-2.00; al is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.020%; s is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, RE is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Fe, the total amount is 100 percent.
The hot work die steel preferably contains 0.45-0.55% of C.
The hot work die steel preferably has V + W of less than or equal to 0.60 percent.
The preparation method of the hot die steel comprises the steps of preparing raw materials according to chemical components of steel, smelting and refining the raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a forging material through homogenization treatment and superfine treatment, and forming the hot die steel through performance heat treatment after the hot die steel is forged; wherein, the homogenization treatment adopts a pre-deformation + three-section form high-temperature uniform heating process, and the three-section temperature is respectively as follows: 1200-1220 ℃, 1220-1240 ℃ and 1250-1300 ℃, the total heat preservation time is more than or equal to 1h/25mm, and the heat preservation time of each section is the same; the technological process and technological parameters of the superfine treatment are that the forging is rapidly cooled during the heating to 950-1200 ℃, in the rapid cooling process, the cooling speed of the forging is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.7 ℃/S in the temperature range of more than 200 ℃, and the forging is discharged from a furnace and cooled to the room temperature when the temperature is lower than 200 ℃.
The preparation method of the hot-work die steel considers the requirements of high-purity steel and improvement of material isotropy during smelting and refining, carries out rare earth treatment after full deoxidation and desulfurization treatment, and adopts high-purity rare earth with the oxygen content less than 100 ppm; after the rare earth treatment, the oxygen content of the die steel material is controlled to be below 12ppm, and the quantity proportion of the ball inclusions accounts for more than or equal to 85 percent of the total amount of the inclusions.
The preparation method of the hot-work die steel comprises the steps of forging the hot-work die steel, carrying out isothermal spheroidizing annealing treatment, selecting the heat preservation time in a two-phase region according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, wherein the temperature of the two-phase region is between AC1 and AC 3; then the furnace is cooled to 700 ℃ to 760 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and then the furnace is cooled to the room temperature.
According to the preparation method of the hot-work die steel, the hot-work die steel is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing and then is subjected to thermal refining, the quenching temperature is set by adopting AC3+ 130-170 ℃, then the cooling speed is controlled to form a martensite + retained austenite structure, and finally the tempering treatment is performed.
The preparation method of the hot work die steel adopts more than two times of tempering treatment, the highest tempering temperature is related to the use hardness of the die, the tempering temperature range is 530-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after each tempering.
The design concept and the synergistic effect of each chemical component of the high-performance hot-work die steel are as follows: the relationship between the element content and the hardenability and the strength of the material is known through the content adjustment of elements such as C, Si, Cr, Mn, Mo, V, Ni and the like; the relation between elements and the toughness of the material is known through the content blending of the elements such as C, Ni, V and the like; the function of refining crystal grains is achieved by blending a proper amount of element V, and the control of deoxidation is realized by controlling the contents of Si and Al.
The principle of the preparation method of the hot work die steel is as follows: the material is homogenized by high-temperature diffusion, the grains are refined by solid phase change in the steel, and the dissolution, nucleation and re-precipitation of precipitated phases are further utilized to optimize the distribution of the precipitated phases and improve the material performance. In addition, the homogenization treatment adopts a pre-deformation and three-section form high-temperature uniform heating process, and the action mechanism is as follows: after the forging is deformed, the number of the vacant sites is increased, and the diffusion speed of alloy elements can be increased by high-temperature treatment, so that the components are more uniform.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention develops a high-performance die steel material by optimizing the components of hot-work die steel and selecting a special heat treatment method for research, can meet the use requirements of a hot-forging die, a die-casting die and an extrusion die, and can also be used for shield machine cutters. The performance of the material can meet the following requirements: when the hardness is adjusted to 45-50 HRC, the impact energy of the V-shaped opening is more than or equal to 12J, the unnotched impact energy is more than or equal to 300J, and the tensile strength exceeds 2200 MPa.
2. The steel grade of the invention has stable performance after high-temperature diffusion homogenization treatment and thermal refining treatment, and can be used for hot forging dies, die casting dies, hot extrusion dies, shield machine cutters and the like.
3. The method for smelting, forging and heat treatment of the hot work die steel material can be widely applied to the preparation of the hot work die steel.
Detailed Description
In the specific implementation process, the hot work die steel comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: c is 0.40-0.60% (preferably 0.45-0.55%); 0.20-0.70% of Si; mn is 0.20-0.80%; 4.00-6.00% of Cr; mo is 1.70-2.50%; v is 0.30-0.60; w is less than or equal to 0.30 (preferably 0.1-0.2%); ni is 0.10 to 2.00 (preferably 0.5 to 1.0%); al is less than or equal to 0.05 percent (preferably 0.01 to 0.03 percent); p is less than or equal to 0.020 percent (preferably 0.006-0.01 percent); s is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, RE is less than or equal to 0.02 percent (preferably 0.01 to 0.015 percent), and the balance is Fe, wherein the total amount is 100 percent.
The difference from the conventional hot work die steel (4Cr5MoSiV and 4Cr5MoSiV1) is that: the carbon content range is higher than that of the conventional hot-work die steel 4Cr5MoSiV and 4Cr5MoSiV1, and the Si content is 0.20-0.70%; mn is 0.20-0.80%; 4.00-6.00% of Cr; mo is 1.70-2.50%; v is 0.30-0.60%; w is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; ni is 0.10 to 2.00.
In the preparation method, the hot die steel is prepared by preparing raw materials, smelting, refining, casting into an ingot, preparing into a forging material through homogenization treatment and superfine treatment, and performing performance heat treatment. During smelting and refining, considering the requirements of high-purity steel and improvement of material isotropy, performing rare earth treatment after full deoxidation and desulfurization treatment, wherein the rare earth is high-purity rare earth with oxygen content less than 100 ppm; after the rare earth treatment, the oxygen content of the die steel material is controlled to be below 12ppm, and the quantity proportion of the ball inclusions accounts for more than or equal to 85 percent of the total amount of the inclusions.
In the invention, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and the meaning is as follows: calculated according to the maximum wall thickness of the hot die steel and the heat preservation time of 1 hour per 25 mm.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
In this example, the hot work die steel material had the following composition:
| element(s) | Content (wt%) |
| C | 0.47 |
| Si | 0.65 |
| Mn | 0.51 |
| P | 0.012 |
| S | 0.005 |
| Ni | 0.30 |
| Cr | 5.7 |
| Mo | 2.43 |
| V | 0.50 |
| W | 0.10 |
| Al | 0.05 |
| RE (rare earth elements) | 0.0155 |
| Fe | Balance of |
The heat treatment comprises the following steps:
① die steel is pre-deformed and three-stage high-temperature component homogenized, the heat preservation time is selected according to 1h/25mm thickness, furnace cooling is carried out to below 200 ℃ after homogenized treatment, discharging and cooling are carried out to room temperature, wherein, the pre-deformation refers to the first firing number of the forging, upsetting is not carried out, only the shape of the steel ingot is carried out, the three-stage high-temperature component homogenized treatment temperature is 1210 ℃, 1230 ℃ and 1280 ℃, the temperature of the three stages is gradually increased, the heat preservation time of each stage is the same, and the functions and effects are that the forging can not be overheated and overburning, and the alloy elements can be promoted to be rapidly diffused at high temperature.
② die steel is forged and then is processed by isothermal spheroidizing annealing, firstly, the temperature is kept between AC 1-AC 3, the temperature keeping time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, then the die steel is cooled to 740 ℃ in a furnace and is continuously processed by temperature keeping, the temperature keeping time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and then the die steel is cooled to the room temperature in the furnace.
③ quenching and tempering the die steel, selecting the quenching temperature of AC3+130 ℃, selecting the heat preservation time according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, oil quenching to the room temperature, selecting the tempering temperature of both times of 615 ℃, selecting the heat preservation time according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and air cooling to the room temperature after each tempering.
After heat treatment, the material properties were as follows:
the hardness is 45HRC, the impact energy of the V opening is 16J, the unnotched impact energy is 350J, and the tensile strength is 2215 MPa.
Example 2
In this example, the hot work die steel material had the following composition:
| element(s) | Content (wt%) |
| C | 0.55 |
| Si | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.73 |
| P | 0.016 |
| S | 0.003 |
| Ni | 1.55 |
| Cr | 4.50 |
| Mo | 1.78 |
| V | 0.40 |
| W | 0.20 |
| Al | 0.03 |
| RE (rare earth elements) | 0.0080 |
| Fe | Balance of |
The heat treatment comprises the following steps:
① die steel is pre-deformed and three-stage high-temperature component homogenized, the heat preservation time is selected according to 1h/25mm thickness, furnace cooling is carried out to below 200 ℃ after homogenization treatment, and discharging and cooling are carried out to room temperature, wherein, the pre-deformation refers to the first fire of the forging, upsetting treatment is not carried out, and only shape normalization treatment is carried out on steel ingots, the three-stage high-temperature component homogenized treatment temperature is 1200 ℃, 1220 ℃ and 1250 ℃, the temperature of the three stages is gradually increased, the heat preservation time of each stage is the same, the function and the effect are that the forging can not be overheated and overburning, and the alloy elements can be promoted to be rapidly diffused at high temperature.
② die steel is forged and then is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing treatment, the temperature is firstly preserved between AC 1-AC 3, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, then furnace cooling is carried out to 730 ℃, the heat preservation treatment is continued, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and then furnace cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
③ quenching and tempering die steel, wherein the quenching temperature is AC3+170 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, oil quenching is carried out to the room temperature, the temperature for two tempering is 610 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after each tempering.
After heat treatment, the material properties were as follows:
the hardness is 48HRC, the impact energy of a V opening is 12J, the unnotched impact energy is 345J, and the tensile strength is 2250 MPa.
Example 3
In this example, the hot work die steel material had the following composition:
| element(s) | Content (wt%) |
| C | 0.50 |
| Si | 0.40 |
| Mn | 0.50 |
| P | 0.008 |
| S | 0.002 |
| Ni | 1.01 |
| Cr | 4.98 |
| Mo | 2.10 |
| V | 0.59 |
| Al | 0.05 |
| RE (rare earth elements) | 0.0020 |
| Fe | Balance of |
The heat treatment comprises the following steps:
① die steel is pre-deformed and three-stage high-temperature component homogenized, the heat preservation time is selected according to 1h/25mm thickness, furnace cooling is carried out to below 200 ℃ after homogenized treatment, discharging and cooling are carried out to room temperature, wherein, the pre-deformation refers to the first firing of the forging, upsetting is not carried out, only the shape of the steel ingot is carried out, the three-stage high-temperature component homogenized treatment temperatures are 1220 ℃, 1240 ℃ and 1300 ℃, the three-stage temperatures are gradually increased, the heat preservation time of each stage is the same, the function and the effect are that the forging can not be overheated and overburning, and the alloy elements can be promoted to be rapidly diffused at high temperature.
② die steel is forged and then is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing treatment, the temperature is firstly preserved between AC 1-AC 3, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, then furnace cooling is carried out to 720 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and then furnace cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
③ quenching and tempering die steel, wherein the quenching temperature is AC3+150 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, oil quenching is carried out to the room temperature, the tempering temperature in two times is 615 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and air cooling is carried out to the room temperature after each tempering.
After heat treatment, the material properties were as follows:
the hardness is 45HRC, the V-notch impact energy is 14J, the unnotched impact energy is 360J, and the tensile strength is 2236 MPa.
The embodiment result shows that the novel hot-work die steel can meet the technical requirements after being processed by the preparation method, and can meet the use requirements of a hot-forging die, a die-casting die, a hot extrusion die and a shield machine tool.
Claims (8)
1. The hot-work die steel is characterized by comprising the following alloy components in percentage by weight: c is 0.40-0.60%; 0.20-0.70% of Si; mn is 0.20-0.80%; 4.00-6.00% of Cr; mo is 1.70-2.50%; v is 0.30-0.60; w is less than or equal to 0.30; ni is 0.10-2.00; al is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.020%; s is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, RE is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Fe, the total amount is 100 percent.
2. The hot work die steel according to claim 1, wherein C is preferably 0.45 to 0.55%.
3. Hot work die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, preferably, V + W is 0.60% or less.
4. A method for manufacturing a hot-work die steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that raw materials are prepared according to the chemical composition of the steel, and are subjected to melting, refining, homogenization treatment and ultrafine treatment to prepare a wrought material, and after the hot-work die steel is forged, the hot-work die steel is subjected to performance heat treatment to form a hot-work die steel; wherein, the homogenization treatment adopts a pre-deformation + three-section form high-temperature uniform heating process, and the three-section temperature is respectively as follows: 1200-1220 ℃, 1220-1240 ℃ and 1250-1300 ℃, the total heat preservation time is more than or equal to 1h/25mm, and the heat preservation time of each section is the same; the technological process and technological parameters of the superfine treatment are that the forging is rapidly cooled during the heating to 950-1200 ℃, in the rapid cooling process, the cooling speed of the forging is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.7 ℃/S in the temperature range of more than 200 ℃, and the forging is discharged from a furnace and cooled to the room temperature when the temperature is lower than 200 ℃.
5. The method for preparing hot-work die steel according to claim 4, wherein, in the smelting and refining, considering the requirements of high-purity steel and improvement of material isotropy, the rare earth treatment is carried out after sufficient deoxidation and desulfurization treatment, and the rare earth is high-purity rare earth with oxygen content less than 100 ppm; after the rare earth treatment, the oxygen content of the die steel material is controlled to be below 12ppm, and the quantity proportion of the ball inclusions accounts for more than or equal to 85 percent of the total amount of the inclusions.
6. The method for preparing hot-work die steel according to claim 4, wherein the hot-work die steel is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing after being forged, the heat preservation time in a two-phase region is selected according to 1h/25mm thickness, and the temperature of the two-phase region is between AC1 and AC 3; then the furnace is cooled to 700 ℃ to 760 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and then the furnace is cooled to the room temperature.
7. The method for preparing hot-work die steel according to claim 6, wherein the hot-work die steel is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing and then thermal refining, the quenching temperature is set at AC3+ 130-170 ℃, then the cooling rate is controlled to form martensite + retained austenite structure, and finally the tempering treatment is performed.
8. The method for preparing hot-work die steel according to claim 7, wherein the tempering treatment is performed more than two times, the highest tempering temperature is related to the hardness of the die, the tempering temperature is 530-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected according to the thickness of 1h/25mm, and the air cooling is performed to the room temperature after each tempering.
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| CN113493885A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 | High-performance hot-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114150234A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Temperature-resistant high-strength steel material for valve body and preparation method thereof |
| CN114318151A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽华天机械股份有限公司 | Steel material for high-strength automobile cold-rolled coil slitting blade and manufacturing process |
| WO2023011330A1 (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-02-09 | 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 | Hot work die steel and preparation method therefor, and piston forging forming die and preparation method therefor |
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| CN113493885A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 | High-performance hot-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114150234A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Temperature-resistant high-strength steel material for valve body and preparation method thereof |
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