CN104246169A - 排气涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

排气涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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CN104246169A
CN104246169A CN201380010443.2A CN201380010443A CN104246169A CN 104246169 A CN104246169 A CN 104246169A CN 201380010443 A CN201380010443 A CN 201380010443A CN 104246169 A CN104246169 A CN 104246169A
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valve
compressor
exhaust turbine
turbine supercharger
valve flange
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CN104246169B (zh
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G·施拉布
U·马斯
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663Sound attenuation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10Final actuators
    • F01D17/105Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/22Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
    • F02B37/225Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits air passages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/16Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/024Units comprising pumps and their driving means the driving means being assisted by a power recovery turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02Surge control
    • F04D27/0207Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F04D27/0215Arrangements therefor, e.g. bleed or by-pass valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02Surge control
    • F04D27/0207Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F04D27/023Details or means for fluid extraction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663Sound attenuation
    • F04D29/665Sound attenuation by means of resonance chambers or interference
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1288Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification combined with or integrated into other devices ; Plurality of air intake silencers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/40Application in turbochargers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/60Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/606Bypassing the fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/96Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种排气涡轮增压器(1),该排气涡轮增压器具有一个涡轮机(2)并且具有一个压缩机(3),该压缩机经由一个轴承壳体(4)连接到该涡轮机(2)上并且该压缩机具有一个压缩机壳体(5),该压缩机壳体具有配备了一个阀座(11)的、用于一个超速空气再循环阀的一个阀门凸缘(6)并且具有在一个末端(9A)处开放到一个压缩机入口(7)中的一个连接管道(9),该连接管道(9)的另一个末端(9B)开放进入其中的一个阀门凸缘腔室(14)被安排在该阀门凸缘(6)的一个阀口(10)与该阀座(11)的一个阀座口(13)之间,其中该阀门凸缘腔室(14)配备有一个缓冲容积(15)。

Description

排气涡轮增压器
说明书
本发明涉及根据权利要求1前序部分的一种排气涡轮增压器。
在可以使用该属类涡轮增压器的涡轮增压点火式发动机中,用来预先限定发动机负载的节流阀瓣被安装在空气歧管中涡轮增压器的压缩机的下游。当加速器踏板被释放时,该节流阀瓣关闭并且涡轮增压器的压缩机由于其质量惯性而将对着一个几乎封闭的容积输送空气。这样的结果是压缩机不再连续输气,并且将形成回流。该压缩机将喘振。涡轮增压器的转速将因此非常迅速地下降。
为了防止这种情况,涡轮增压器可以配备一个空气再循环阀(还被称作超速空气再循环阀),该空气再循环阀在超过一定的负压时通过一个弹簧加载的阀元件打开一个连接管道,该连接管道将空气再循环到压缩机入口。因此有可能使该涡轮增压器的转速保持在一个高水平,并且使得充气压力在一个随后的加速过程的情况下再次立即可供使用。
然而在本发明的背景内执行的测试已经示出,在所述类型的配备有超速空气再循环阀的涡轮增压器中,由于因空腔共鸣导致的烦扰的进气噪声会产生声学问题。在某种程度上,的确已经尝试通过在配备有属类涡轮增压器的车辆的进气区域中提供谐振器来消除所述声学问题,但这不言自明地增加了构造方面的支出。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供在权利要求1的前序部分所指明类型的一种排气涡轮增压器,这种涡轮增压器防止了由于所描述的空腔共鸣导致的烦扰噪声的产生。
所述目的是通过权利要求1的这些特征来实现的。
根据本发明提供的缓冲容积在根据本发明排气涡轮增压器的运行表现中产生了相当大的声学改善,因为烦扰的压缩机噪声和进气噪声可以被完全消除或者被至少相当大地减少。该缓冲容积在该压缩机壳体上的超速空气再循环阀的区域中构成一个特定容积,该容积扩大部分可以被描述成一个非对称容积扩大部分,因为该缓冲容积被安排在该超速空气再循环阀的阀门凸缘的圆周上的某一位置处,这意味着在该圆周上存在该容积的一个局部集中扩大部分。
所述措施可以被提供用于气动致动的压缩机壳体超速空气再循环阀或者用于电动致动的压缩机壳体超速空气再循环阀。
相应地,有可能使车辆制造商免除车辆的进气区域中的上述谐振器。总体结果是改善了相对应车辆的NVH率。
多项从属权利要求涉及本发明的多个有利优化。
从以下基于附图的多个示例性实施例的说明中将显现出本发明的进一步的细节、优点和特征,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的一种排气涡轮增压器的示意性高度简化的图示,
图2是通过压缩机入口区域中的压缩机壳体连同用于一个超速空气再循环阀的阀门凸缘的截面图示,
图3从该压缩机入口的视角示出了该压缩机壳体的平面视图,
图4示出了带有用于一个缓冲容积的一个容器的压缩机壳体的局部视图,该容器具有一种替代性设计,并且
图5、图6示出了展示根据本发明的措施的声学效果(图6)与已知的不带有根据本发明措施的涡轮增压器的声学效果(图5)相比较的曲线图。
图1是根据本发明的排气涡轮增压器1的基本设计的高度简化示意图。所述排气涡轮增压器具有带一个涡轮机壳体17的一个涡轮机2并且具有带一个压缩机壳体5的一个压缩机3。这些壳体5和17通过一个轴承壳体4而彼此相连,一个轴18安装在该轴承壳体中,该轴在一个末端上支承一个压缩机叶轮19并且在相反的末端上支承一个涡轮机叶轮20。
图2示出了通过具有一个压缩机入口7的压缩机壳体5的截面。一个阀门凸缘6被整体地形成在压缩机壳体5上,该阀门凸缘被提供用于安排一个超速空气再循环阀,然而该超速空气再循环阀因为对于说明本发明的原理而言不是必需的而未在图2中展示。
阀门凸缘6具有一个阀口10和一个阀座11,该阀座具有一个阀座口13。如图2中示出的,阀口10与阀座口13之间安排了一个阀门凸缘腔室14,该腔室的内直径大于阀口13的内直径,使得该阀门凸缘腔室14在旋转意义上对称地围绕阀口13。阀门凸缘腔室14经由一个连接管道9连接到压缩机壳体5的压缩机入口7。为此目的,连接管道9的一个末端9A开放进入压缩机入口7并且连接管道9的另一个末端9B开放进入阀门凸缘腔室14。因此,有可能防止该压缩机喘振,当阀座口13打开时使空气经由连接管道9回流到压缩机入口7。
为了避免在引言中说明的声学问题,根据本发明提供了一个缓冲容积15,该缓冲容积作为一个集中容积扩大部分被提供在阀门凸缘6的圆周U上的某一位置处。所述安排根据本发明被称作非对称容积扩大部分,因为相比于整个阀门凸缘腔室14的连续扩大部分,该安排是在阀门凸缘腔室14的或阀门凸缘6的圆周U上的一个可选择位置处的集中容积扩大部分。
在图2中展示的实施例中,该缓冲容积被安排在一个容器16中,其中阀门凸缘6的壁中的一个连接凹口12将缓冲容积15连接至阀门凸缘腔室14。
在阀门凸缘6上安排容器16存在多种不同的可能性。在图3中展示的实施例中,容器16是被焊接到阀门凸缘6上,并且在图4中展示的替代性实施例中,容器16是被拧接到阀门凸缘6上。然而,还有可能将容器6整合到该阀门凸缘中,例如通过铸造工艺。
还可想到的是使容器16通过黏合剂连接来固定。
缓冲容积15的尺寸是在大约10cm3和20cm3之间,这取决于阀座11的或阀座口13的直径有多大。
图5和图6示出了根据本发明的措施的效果。在此,图5示出了一种已知排气涡轮增压器的压力/频率图表,该图表的曲线图示出了一个由椭圆形轮廓突出显示的峰值S,该峰值导致引言中说明的声学问题。
与此相反,图6示出了一种根据本发明的排气涡轮增压器的曲线图的相同图表,该曲线图在由该椭圆形轮廓突出显示的区域中不再呈现峰值S。这种平滑的曲线表示了由提供上述缓冲容积15导致的声学改善。
为补充本披露,除以上本发明的书面说明外,特此明确地参考图1至图6。
参考符号清单
1  涡轮增压器
2  涡轮机
3  压缩机
4  轴承壳体
5  压缩机壳体
6  阀门凸缘
7  压缩机入口
8  吸入连接件
9  连接管道
9A、B  连接管道9的末端
10  阀口
11  阀座
12  连接凹口
13  阀座口
14  阀门凸缘腔室
15  缓冲容积
16  容器
17  涡轮机壳体
18  轴
19  压缩机叶轮
20  涡轮机叶轮
L  涡轮增压器纵向轴线
S  压力峰值

Claims (10)

1.一种排气涡轮增压器(1),
-具有一个涡轮机(2)并且
-具有一个压缩机(3),该压缩机经由一个轴承壳体(4)连接到该涡轮机(2)上并且该压缩机具有一个压缩机壳体(5),该压缩机壳体具有配备了一个阀座(11)的、用于一个超速空气再循环阀的一个阀门凸缘(6)并且具有在一个末端(9A)处开放到一个压缩机入口(7)中的一个连接管道(9),
-该连接管道(9)的另一个末端(9B)开放进入其中的一个阀门凸缘腔室(14)被安排在该阀门凸缘(6)的一个阀口(10)与该阀座(11)的一个阀座口(13)之间,
其中
-该阀门凸缘腔室(14)配备有一个缓冲容积(15)。
2.如权利要求1所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该阀门凸缘腔室(14)在旋转意义上对称地围绕该阀座口(13)并且具有一个与该阀座口(13)相比更大的内直径。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该缓冲容积(15)被安排成在该阀门凸缘(6)的圆周(U)上的一个局部集中容积扩大部分。
4.如权利要求1至3之一所述的涡轮增压器,其中该缓冲容积(15)被安排在一个容器(16)中,该容器被安装在该阀门凸缘(6)上。
5.如权利要求4所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该容器(16)被整合在该阀门凸缘(6)中。
6.如权利要求4所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该容器(16)被焊接到该阀门凸缘(6)上。
7.如权利要求4所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该容器(16)被粘性粘合到该阀门凸缘(6)上。
8.如权利要求4所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该容器(16)被拧接到该阀门凸缘(6)上。
9.如权利要求1至8之一所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该缓冲容积(15)具有大约10cm3至20cm3的容量。
10.如权利要求1至9之一所述的排气涡轮增压器,其中该超速空气再循环阀是一个气动致动的或电动致动的阀门。
CN201380010443.2A 2012-03-06 2013-02-21 排气涡轮增压器 Active CN104246169B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012004623.5 2012-03-06
DE102012004623 2012-03-06
PCT/US2013/027066 WO2013133979A1 (en) 2012-03-06 2013-02-21 Exhaust-gas turbocharger

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CN104246169A true CN104246169A (zh) 2014-12-24
CN104246169B CN104246169B (zh) 2018-01-23

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US20100143111A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Compressor stabilizer

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KR101989544B1 (ko) 2019-09-30
JP6127070B2 (ja) 2017-05-10
US20150044023A1 (en) 2015-02-12
IN2014DN05893A (zh) 2015-06-05
DE112013000788T5 (de) 2014-10-30
WO2013133979A1 (en) 2013-09-12
JP2015509572A (ja) 2015-03-30
CN104246169B (zh) 2018-01-23
KR20140129290A (ko) 2014-11-06

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