CN104222135A - 稳定的亚磺酰亚胺杀虫剂组合物 - Google Patents
稳定的亚磺酰亚胺杀虫剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104222135A CN104222135A CN201410376992.8A CN201410376992A CN104222135A CN 104222135 A CN104222135 A CN 104222135A CN 201410376992 A CN201410376992 A CN 201410376992A CN 104222135 A CN104222135 A CN 104222135A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- methyl
- composition
- ethyl
- mmol
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 19
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JFLRKDZMHNBDQS-UCQUSYKYSA-N CC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)C2=C[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C[C@H]4C(=C[C@H]3[C@@H]2CC(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O5)C)OC)OC)OC)C)O[C@H]6CC[C@@H]([C@H](O6)C)N(C)C.CC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)C2=C[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C[C@H]4C=C[C@H]3C2CC(=O)O1)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O5)C)OC)OC)OC)C)O[C@H]6CC[C@@H]([C@H](O6)C)N(C)C Chemical compound CC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)C2=C[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C[C@H]4C(=C[C@H]3[C@@H]2CC(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O5)C)OC)OC)OC)C)O[C@H]6CC[C@@H]([C@H](O6)C)N(C)C.CC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)C2=C[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C[C@H]4C=C[C@H]3C2CC(=O)O1)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O5)C)OC)OC)OC)C)O[C@H]6CC[C@@H]([C@H](O6)C)N(C)C JFLRKDZMHNBDQS-UCQUSYKYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005929 Spinetoram Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GOENIMGKWNZVDA-OAMCMWGQSA-N Spinetoram Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@H](OCC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC1C[C@H]2[C@@H]3C=C4C(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@H](C)[C@H](CC5)N(C)C)CCC[C@H](CC)OC(=O)CC4[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]2C1 GOENIMGKWNZVDA-OAMCMWGQSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005930 Spinosad Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940014213 spinosad Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- -1 alkyl sulfoximine compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 138
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 67
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 48
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 43
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 26
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 25
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 23
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 241000256248 Spodoptera Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 241001509970 Reticulitermes <genus> Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000000105 evaporative light scattering detection Methods 0.000 description 8
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 0 */C(/N)=*\*=C(/C(CC*1)[S-]1=[N+]*)\C=C Chemical compound */C(/N)=*\*=C(/C(CC*1)[S-]1=[N+]*)\C=C 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PNVJTZOFSHSLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fenthion Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C(SC)C(C)=C1 PNVJTZOFSHSLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N cyhalothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- RMBAVIFYHOYIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium methanethiolate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C RMBAVIFYHOYIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SNBXBCVVXOLOPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CSC(=O)N1 SNBXBCVVXOLOPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000238658 Blattella Species 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 5
- NFGXHKASABOEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylethyl 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CCCC(C)CC=CC(C)=CC(=O)OC(C)C NFGXHKASABOEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butachlor Chemical compound CCCCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbofuran Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(C)(C)C2 DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NMGNJWORLGLLHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulcofuron-sodium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1NC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 NMGNJWORLGLLHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- USPTVMVRNZEXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound NS(F)(=O)=O USPTVMVRNZEXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
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- FZMKKCQHDROFNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfometuron Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 FZMKKCQHDROFNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005936 tau-Fluvalinate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BAKXBZPQTXCKRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodicarb Chemical compound CSC(C)=NOC(=O)NSNC(=O)ON=C(C)SC BAKXBZPQTXCKRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioquinox Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(SC(=S)S3)C3=NC2=C1 ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYNKFIVDSJSNGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiosultap Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS(O)(=O)=O PYNKFIVDSJSNGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosultap disodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiadinil Chemical compound N1=NSC(C(=O)NC=2C=C(Cl)C(C)=CC=2)=C1C VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolclofos-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=C1Cl OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPALTCMYPARVNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolfenpyrad Chemical compound CCC1=NN(C)C(C(=O)NCC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(C)=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1Cl WPALTCMYPARVNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OEJNXTAZZBRGDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N toxaphene Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C2(Cl)C(CCl)(CCl)C(=C)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl OEJNXTAZZBRGDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazoxide Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2[N+]([O-])=NC=1N1C=CN=C1 IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(N(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N tribenuron methyl Chemical group COC(=O)[C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTNWXGFYRHWUKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflupromazine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2N(CCCN(C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 FTNWXGFYRHWUKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N validamycin Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/26—Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/28—Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D213/32—Sulfur atoms
- C07D213/34—Sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/44—Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom
- C07D213/52—Sulfur atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/57—Nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract
本发明涉及稳定的亚磺酰亚胺杀虫剂组合物,具体涉及包含表现出增强的稳定性的N-取代(6-卤代烷基吡啶-3-基)烷基亚磺酰亚胺化合物和有机酸或其盐的控制昆虫的组合物。
Description
本申请是申请号为200980152712.2,申请日为2009年12月22日,发明名称为“稳定的亚磺酰亚胺杀虫剂组合物”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
对相关申请的交叉引用:
本发明申请要求在2008年12月26日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/203,689的优先权,该申请的内容全部作为参考并入本文。
技术领域
本文所公开的发明涉及杀虫剂领域及其在控制害虫上的用途。
背景技术
害虫每年造成全世界数以百万人死亡。而且,存在多于一万种造成农业损失的害虫。这些农业损失每年可达数十亿美金。白蚁造成了对如房屋的各种结构的破坏。这些白蚁破坏的损失每年可达数十亿美金。最后一点,很多储藏食品中的害虫食用储藏食品并使食品掺杂。储藏食品的这些损失每年可达数十亿美金,但更重要的是其夺取了人们所需的食物。
一直以来,很多杀虫剂组合物被开发以消灭害虫从而降低害虫造成的损失。至少关于这些组合物中的一些,当在需要或要求控制害虫处施用该组合物时,其物理不稳定性和化学不稳定性可导致组合物和/或现有复合物(complication)的杀虫活性的降低。例如,物理不稳定性和化学不稳定性可改变该组合物的一种或多种性质,这就导致了很难甚至不可能制备适合使用的该组合物的溶液。更特别地,厂商提供的很多杀虫剂组合物是浓缩的制剂,其随后在施用前由终端用户稀释。在制造和施用之间的时段中,由于杀虫剂组合物的物理不稳定性和化学不稳定性,液体形式的杀虫剂组合物可能固化。此固化现象经常阻碍或实质上阻止了该组合物分散成适合施用的溶液,造成使用者更大的负担和成本和/或杀虫剂产品的浪费。此外,当物理不稳定性和化学不稳定性导致组合物的杀虫活性降低时,常需要增加施用杀虫剂的浓度和/或更频繁地施用该杀虫剂组合物。结果,使用者成本和对于用户的成本可能逐渐增加。因此,需要表现出增强的化学稳定性和物理稳定性的新杀虫剂组合物。
美国专利申请公开件2007/0203191A1描述了某些N-取代(6-卤代烷基吡啶-3-基)烷基亚磺酰亚胺化合物及其在控制昆虫上的用途。现已发现如何改进包含一种或多种这些化合物的组合物的经过较长时间段的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明涉及包含一种或多种N-取代(6-卤代烷基吡啶-3-基)烷基亚磺酰亚胺和有机酸或其盐的新型组合物,以及其在控制昆虫和某些其他无脊椎动物,特别是蚜虫和其他吸虫上的用途。本发明还包含用于制备该组合物的新合成方法,以及使用该组合物控制昆虫的方法。
本发明涉及用于控制昆虫的,尤其是用于控制蚜虫和其他吸虫的组合物。更特别地,本发明涉及包含有机酸或其盐以及通式(I)的化合物的组合物
其中
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
L代表单键,或者R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2和R3互不相同,其各自代表氢、甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴;
n在L代表单键时为1,而在R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环时为0;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基。
在一个具体实施方案中,该组合物包含通式(I)的化合物,其中L代表单键,即其具有以下结构(其中n是1)
其中
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2和R3互不相同,其各自代表氢、甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基。
在另一个具体实施方案中,该组合物包含通式(I)的化合物,其中R1、S和L共同形成饱和的5元环,且n为0,即其具有结构
其中
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基。
在某些具体实施方案中,该组合物所包含的通式(I)的化合物为一种或多种以下类别的化合物:
(1)通式(I)的化合物,其中X为NO2或CN,最优选CN。
(2)通式(I)的化合物,其中Y为CF3。
(3)通式(I)的化合物,其中R2和R3互不相同并各自代表氢、甲基或乙基。
(4)通式(I)的化合物,其中R1代表CH3。
本领域技术人员应理解本文所述的一种或多种组合物可由上述类别的通式(I)化合物的组合而组成。
在一个或多个特定的具体实施方案中,有机酸是选自柠檬酸、邻苯二甲酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、马来酸、丙二酸、乳酸和琥珀酸的羧酸。
或在另一个具体实施方案中,方法包括在需要控制处施用昆虫灭活量的杀虫剂组合物。
尽管如此,本发明的其他具体实施方案、形式、特征、方面、益处、目的和优点将通过所提供的细节描述和实施例而变得显而易见的。
取代基(并非穷尽的清单)
为取代基给出的实例并不是穷尽的(除了卤代),且不应解释为对本文公开的发明的限制。
“烷基”(包括如烷氧基的衍生概念)指直链、支链和环状基团,包括例如甲基、乙基、1-甲基乙基、丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基和环丙基。
“烷氧基”指进一步包含碳-氧单键的烷基,例如,甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、1-丁氧基、2-丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、1,1-二甲基丙氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、壬氧基和癸氧基。
“芳基”指由氢和碳组成的环状芳族取代基,例如,苯基、萘基和联苯基。
“卤代”指氟代、氯代、溴代和碘代。
“卤代烷基”指从1至最大可能数目的卤素原子取代的烷基基团,包括卤素的所有组合。
具体实施方式
除非另有表示,所有本文中的温度均以摄氏度给出,所有的百分数均为重量百分数。
通式(Ia)的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3、R4、X和Y如前文所定义,L为单键且n为1,可通过方案A中举例说明的方法制备:
图示A
在图示A的步骤a中,在0℃以下的极性溶剂中用间-氯过氧苯甲酸(mCPBA)氧化通式(A)的硫化物,以提供通式(B)的亚砜。在大多数情况下,用于氧化过程的优选的溶剂是二氯甲烷。
在图示A的步骤b中,在加热条件下,在非质子溶剂中的浓硫酸的存在下,,用叠氮化钠使亚砜(B)亚胺化(iminate),以提供通式(C)的亚磺酰亚胺。在大多数情况下,用于此反应的优选的溶剂是氯仿。
在图示A的步骤c中,亚磺酰亚胺(C)的氮可在碱的存在下用溴化氰氰化,或在乙酸酐的存在下在适度提高的温度下用硝酸硝化,或在如4-二甲基氨基吡啶的碱(DMAP)的存在下用烷基(R4)氯甲酸酯羧化,以提供N-取代亚磺酰亚胺(Ia)。有效的氰化和羧化需要碱,优选的碱是DMAP,而硫酸被用于有效的硝化反应的催化剂。
通式(Ia)的化合物,其中X代表CN,而R1、R2、R3、R4和Y如前文所定义且n为1,可通过图示B中举例说明的温和而有效的方法来制备。
图示B
在图示B的步骤a中,在氨腈的存在下,在0℃下用碘苯二乙酯氧化硫化物,以提供亚磺酰亚胺(D)。反应可在如CH2Cl2的极性非质子溶剂中进行。
在图示B的步骤b中,用mCPBA氧化亚磺酰亚胺(D)。采用碱如碳酸钾来中和mCPBA的酸度。使用极性质子溶剂如乙醇和水来增加所用的亚磺酰亚胺原材料和碱的溶解度。也可在三氯化钌水合物催化剂或类似催化剂的存在下用高碘酸钠或高碘酸钾水溶液来氧化亚磺酰亚胺(D)。用于此催化过程的有机溶剂可为极性非质子溶剂,如CH2Cl2、氯仿或乙腈。
如图示C所举例说明的,可在碱如六甲基二硅氮烷钾(potassiumhexamethyldisilazane)(KHMDS)的存在下,进一步烷基化或卤化(R5)通式(Ia)的N-取代亚磺酰亚胺的α-碳(即在与N-取代亚磺酰亚胺官能团相邻的(CR2R3)基团中n=1,R3=H)以提供通式(Ib)的N-取代亚磺酰亚胺,其中R1、R2、R3、R4、X、L和Y如前文所定义,而Z为适合的离去基团。优选的离去基团为碘化物(R5=烷基)、苯磺酰亚胺(R5=F)、四氯乙烯(R5=Cl)和四氟乙烯(R5=Br)。
图示C
可通过如图示D、E、F、G和H举例说明的不同方式制备图示A中的初始硫化物(A)。
在图示D中,通式(A1)的硫化物,其中R1、R2和Y如前文所定义,n=1且R3=H,可通过用与烷基硫醇的钠盐的亲核取代反应由通式(D)的氯化物制备。
图示D
在图示E中,可通过用硫脲处理,在碱水条件下用适合的溴氯化烷烃(m=0、1或2)水解并随后烷基化,以及在极性非质子溶剂(如THF)中的碱(如叔丁醇钾)的存在下环化,从而由相应的取代氯甲基吡啶制备通式(A4)的硫化物,其中R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环(m=0、1或2)且n为0。
图示E
可选地,通式(A1)的硫化物,其中R1、R2=CH3,Y如前文所定义,且R3=H,可通过图示F举例说明的方法来制备。于是,适合的烯酮与二甲基-氨基丙烯腈耦联并在DMF中用乙酸铵环化,以生成相应的6-取代烟腈。用甲基溴化镁处理,用硼氢化钠还原,用亚硫酰氯氯化,并用烷基硫醇的钠盐来亲核取代反应,以提供所需的硫化物(A1)。
图示F
通式(A1)的硫化物(其中R1=甲基或乙基,R2和R3互不相同且独立地代表氢、甲基或乙基,Y为如前文所定义的)可由图示F的变体(在图示G中描述)来制备,其中将烯胺(由胺(例如吡咯烷)与某些硫化物和合适地取代的α,β-不饱和醛的Michael加合物的加成形成)与取代的烯酮偶联,并用乙酸铵在乙腈中环化以生成所需的硫化物(A1)。
图示G
在图示H中,通式(A1)的硫化物,其中Y为氟烷基基团,R1、R2和R3为如前文所定义的,并且n=1,可由6-酰基吡啶或6-甲酰基吡啶通过与三氟化二乙氨基硫(DAST)的反应来制备。随后用NBS卤化3-甲基基团,接着用烷基硫醇的钠盐进行亲核取代,从而提供所需的硫代物。
图示H
根据通式(I)的非限定性化合物的实施例:
实施例I制备{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(sulfanylidenecyanamide)(2)。
向3-氯甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶(5.1克,26毫摩尔)在二甲基亚砜(DMSO,20毫升)中的溶液加入一份甲硫醇钠(1.8克,26毫摩尔)。观察到剧烈放热反应,其导致反应变黑。搅拌反应1小时,随后缓慢加入额外的甲硫醇钠(0.91克,13毫摩尔)。搅拌反应过夜,其后将其倒入H2O中并加入几滴浓盐酸。用乙醚(Et2O)(3x50毫升)萃取混合物,并将有机层合并、用盐水清洗、经MgSO4干燥并浓缩。用色谱法(Prep500,丙酮/己烷为10%)提纯粗产物,以提供作为浅黄色油的硫化物(A)(3.6克,67%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.6(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.7(d,1H),3.7(s,2H),2.0(s,3H);GC-MS:C8H8F3NS[M]+的质量计算值为207。测量值为207。
向0℃下的硫化物(A)(3.5克,17毫摩尔)和氨腈(1.4毫克,34毫摩尔)在CH2Cl2(30毫升)中的溶液一次性加入碘苯二乙酯(11.0克,34毫摩尔)。搅拌反应30分钟,随后将其温热至室温过夜。将该混合物用CH2Cl2(50毫升)稀释并用H2O清洗。用乙酸乙酯(4x50毫升)萃取水层,将合并的CH2Cl2和乙酸乙酯层经MgSO4干燥并浓缩。用己烷研制(triturate)并用色谱法(chromatotron,丙酮/己烷为60%)提纯粗产物,以提供作为黄色胶的硫亚胺(B)(0.60克,14%)。IR(膜)3008、2924、2143、1693厘米-1;1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.8(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.5(d,1H)4.3(d,1H),2.9(s,3H);LC-MS(ESI):C9H9F3N3S[M+H]+的质量计算值为248.04。测量值为248。
向0℃下的间氯过氧苯甲酸(mCPBA;80%,1.0克,4.9毫摩尔)在乙醇(10毫升)中的溶液加入K2CO3(1.4克,10毫摩尔)在水(7毫升)中的溶液。搅拌该溶液20分钟,随后一次性加入硫亚胺(B)(0.60克,2.4毫摩尔)在乙醇(20毫升)中的溶液。在0℃下搅拌反应30分钟,随后将其在1小时内温热至室温。随后用亚硫酸氢钠水溶液使反应淬灭,将混合物浓缩以去除乙醇。用CH2Cl2萃取将所得的混合物,将合并的有机层经MgSO4干燥并浓缩。用色谱法(chromatotron,丙酮/己烷为50%)提纯粗产物,以提供如灰白色固体的亚磺酰亚胺(1)(0.28克,44%)。Mp=135-137℃;1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.8(s,1H),8.1(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.7(m,2H),3.2(s,3H);LC-MS(ELSD):C9H9F3N3OS[M+H]+的质量计算值为264.04。测量值为263.92。
向-78℃下的亚磺酰亚胺(I)(50毫克,0.19毫摩尔)和六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA;17微升,0.10毫摩尔)在四氢呋喃(THF,2毫升)中的溶液逐滴加入六甲基二硅氮烷钾(KHMDS,甲苯中0.5M,420微升,0.21毫摩尔)。该溶液在-78℃下再搅拌20分钟,之后加入碘甲烷(13微升,0.21毫摩尔)。将反应在1小时内温热至室温,随后用饱和NH4Cl水溶液使其淬灭并用CH2Cl2萃取。将有机层经Na2SO4干燥、浓缩并用色谱法(chromatotron,丙酮/CH2Cl2为70%)提纯粗产物,以提供作为2:1的非对映异构体混合物的亚磺酰亚胺(2)(为无色油,31毫克,59%)。亚磺酰亚胺(2)通常称作氟啶虫胺腈(sulfoxaflor),其进一步的细节可获自http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/index_en_frame.html。根据修订版IUPAC命名法,亚磺酰亚胺(2)还被称为[甲基(氧){1-[6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]乙基}-λ6-亚硫烷基]氨腈([methyl(oxido){l-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]ethyl}-λ6-sulfanylidene]cyanamide),CAS将亚磺酰亚胺(2)命名为N-[甲基氧[l-[6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]乙基]-λ4-亚硫烷基]氨腈(N-[methyloxido[l-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinil]ethyl]-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(主要非对映异构体)8.8(s,1H),8.1(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.6(q,1H),3.0(s,3H),2.0(d,3H);(次要非对映异构体)8.8(s,1H),8.1(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.6(q,1H),3.1(s,3H),2.0(d,3H);LC-MS(ELSD):C10H10F3N3OS[M+H]+的质量计算值为278.06。测量值为278.05。
实施例II.制备2-(6-三氟甲基吡啶-3-基)-l-氧-四氢-lH-lλ4-噻吩-1-亚基氨腈(3)
向硫脲(1.2克,16毫摩尔)在乙醇(25毫升)中的悬浮液加入3-氯甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶在乙醇(10毫升)中的溶液。在室温下搅拌悬浮液2天,在此期间形成白色沉淀。过滤沉淀以得到所需的作为白色固体的盐酸脒(2.4克,58%)。Mp=186-188℃。不进行进一步的产物提纯。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.9(bs,4H),8.4(s,1H),7.6(d,1H),7.3(d,1H),4.2(s,2H);LC-MS(ELSD):C8H8FN3S[M+H]+的质量计算值为236.05。测量值为236.01。
向10℃下的盐酸脒(A)(1.8克,6.8毫摩尔)在水(12毫升)中的溶液加入10N的NaOH(0.68毫升,26毫摩尔),其导致白色沉淀的形成。将该悬浮液在100℃下加热30分钟,随后冷却回10℃。随后加入额外的10N的NaOH(0.68毫升,6.8毫摩尔),接着一次性加入1-溴-3-氯丙烷(0.67毫升,6.8毫摩尔)。在室温下搅拌反应过夜,随后用CH2Cl2萃取。用盐水清洗合并的有机层,并将其经Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,以提供作为无色油的硫化物(B)(1.7克,96%)。不进行进一步的产物提纯。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.6(s,1H),7.8(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),3.8(s,2H),3.6(t,2H),2.6(t,2H),2.0(五重峰,2H)。
向叔丁醇钾(1.5克,13毫摩尔)在THF(12毫升)中的悬浮液加入HMPA(1.7毫升,10毫摩尔),接着逐滴加入硫化物(B)(1.8克,6.7毫摩尔)在THF(3毫升)中的溶液。在室温下搅拌反应过夜,接着通过色谱法(Biotage,乙酸乙酯/己烷为40%)浓缩并提纯,以提供作为橙色油的环化产物(C)(230毫克,15%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.7(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),4.6(dd,1H),3.2(m,1H),3.1(m,1H),2.5(m,1H),2.3(m,1H),2.1-1.9(m,2H)。
向0℃下的硫化物(C)(230毫克,0.99毫摩尔)和氨腈(83毫克,2.0毫摩尔)在CH2Cl2(5毫升)中的溶液中一次性加入碘苯二乙酯(350毫克,1.1毫摩尔)。搅拌反应3小时,随后浓缩并通过色谱法(chromatotron,丙酮/己烷为50%)提纯粗产物,以提供作为橙色油的硫亚胺(D)(150毫克,非对映异构体的混合物,56%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.8(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.8(dd,1H),3.5(m,2H),2.9-2.7(m,2H),2.6(m,1H),2.3(m,1H)。
向在0℃下的mCPBA(80%,180毫克,0.82毫摩尔)在乙醇(3毫升)中的溶液加入K2CO3(230毫克,1.7毫摩尔)在水(1.5毫升)中的溶液。搅拌该溶液20分钟,随后一次性加入硫亚胺(D)(150毫克,0.55毫摩尔)在乙醇(2毫升)中的溶液。在0℃下搅拌反应45分钟之后,将溶剂倾入单独的烧瓶中并浓缩以得到白色固体。将该固体在CHCl3中成浆(slurry),过滤并浓缩以提供作为无色油的纯亚磺酰亚胺(3)(72毫克,44%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(1.5:1的非对映异构体的混合物)8.8(s,2H),8.0(d,2H),7.8(d,2H),4.7(q,1H),4.6(q,1H),4.0-3.4(m,s,4H),3.0-2.4(m,8H);LC-MS(ELSD):C11H11F3N3OS[M+H]+的质量计算值为290.06。测量值为289.99。
实施例III.制备(1-{6-[溴(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)(甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(4)。
在室温下,将(3E)-1-氯-4-乙氧基-1,1-二氟丁-3-烯-2-酮(7.36克,40毫摩尔)溶解于无水甲苯(40毫升)中,并用3-二甲基氨基丙烯腈(4.61克,48毫摩尔)处理。将该溶液在100℃下加热3.5小时。随后在减压下将溶剂去除,将剩余的混合物再次溶解于DMF(20毫升),用乙酸铵处理(4.62克,60毫摩尔)并在室温下搅拌过夜。将水加入反应混合物并用乙醚-CH2CH2(1:2,体积/体积)萃取所得的的混合物两次。将合并的有机层用盐水清洗、干燥、过滤并浓缩。用硅胶提纯残渣以得到3.1克作为浅色油的6-[氯(二氟)甲基]烟腈(A),收率为41%。GC-MS:C7H3ClF2N2[M]+的质量计算值为188。测量值188。
将6-[氯(二氟)甲基]烟腈(A)(3.0克,15.8毫摩尔)溶解于无水乙醚(25毫升)并在冰水浴中冷却。通过注射器加入甲基溴化镁在己烷(6.4毫升,19毫摩尔)中的3M的溶液。加入过程结束之后,在0℃下搅拌该混合物5小时,随后在室温下搅拌10小时。用0℃的1N柠檬酸水溶液使反应缓慢地淬灭,并将所得的混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。用饱和NaHCO3水溶液将pH调整回pH7。将两相分离并用乙酸乙酯萃取水相两次。将合并的有机层用盐水清洗、经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。在硅胶上提纯剩余混合物(用在己烷中的15%的丙酮洗脱)以得到0.88克作为褐色油的所需产物1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}-乙酮(B),收率为30%。GC-MS:C8H6ClF2NO[M]+的质量计算值为205。测量值为205。
向0℃下的1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙酮(B)(0.85克,4.14毫摩尔)在甲醇(10毫升)中的溶液加入NaBH4(0.16克,4.14毫摩尔)。搅拌该混合物30分钟并且加入2M的HCl水溶液直至pH达到7。在减压下去除溶剂并将剩余的混合物用CH2Cl2(2x50毫升)萃取。将合并的有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并真空干燥以得到0.798克在GC-MS中为分析纯的作为浅黄色油的1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]-吡啶-3-基}乙醇(C),收率为93%。GC-MS:C8H6ClF2NO[M]+的质量计算值为207。测量值为207。
在室温下,向1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]-吡啶-3-基}乙醇(0.78克,3.77毫摩尔)在CH2Cl2(40毫升)中的溶液逐滴加入亚硫酰氯(0.54毫升,7.54毫摩尔)。1小时之后,用饱和的NaHCO3水溶液将反应缓慢地淬灭并且将两相分离。将有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并真空干燥以得到0.83克作为棕色油的粗制2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-(1-氯乙基)吡啶(D),收率为98%,将其直接用于下一步反应。GC-MS:C8H7Cl2F2N[M]+的质量计算值为225。测量值为225。
在0℃的搅拌下,向2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-(1-氯乙基)吡啶(D)(0.81克,3.6毫摩尔)在乙醇(10毫升)中的溶液加入一份甲硫醇钠(0.52克,7.4毫摩尔)。10分钟后,将混合物温热至室温并搅拌过夜。随后在减压下将乙醇溶剂去除并且将残渣再次加入乙醚/CH2Cl2和盐水。将两相分离并且再一次用CH2Cl2萃取有机层。将合并的有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并用在己烷中的5%的乙酸乙酯在硅胶上提纯以得到0.348克2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-[1-(甲硫基)乙基吡啶(E),收率为40%。GC-MS:C9H10ClF2NS[M]+的质量计算值为237。测量值为237。
在0℃的搅拌下,向2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-[1-(甲硫基)-乙基]吡啶(E)(0.32克,1.35毫摩尔)和氨腈(0.058克,1.35毫摩尔)在THF(7毫升)中的溶液加入一份的碘苯二乙酯(0.44克,1.35毫摩尔),并在此温度下搅拌所得到的混合物1小时,随后在室温下搅拌2小时。随后在减压下将溶剂去除并将所得到的混合物溶解于CH2Cl2,将其用半饱和盐水清洗、经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、浓缩并用在己烷中的50%的丙酮在硅胶上提纯以得到0.175克作为浅黄色油的(1-{6-[氯-(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)(甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(F),收率为48%。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.71(d,J=1.8赫兹,1H),7.91(dd,J=8.4,1.8赫兹,1H)7.78(d,J=8.4赫兹,1H),4.42(q,J=6.9赫兹,1H),2.64(s,3H),1.92(d,J=6.9赫兹,3H);LC-MS:C10H10ClF2N3S[M+1]+的质量计算值为278。测量值为278。
在0℃的搅拌下,向(1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)-(甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(F)(0.16克,0.6毫摩尔)在乙醇(10毫升)中的溶液加入20%的碳酸钾水溶液(1.24克,1.8毫摩尔)。搅拌10分钟之后,将80%的mCPBA(0.19克,约0.9毫摩尔)加入该混合物,将其在0℃下搅拌2小时,随后用一平勺(spatula)的固体硫代硫酸钠使反应淬灭。在减压下将大多数乙醇溶剂去除并且加入饱和的NaHCO3-盐水(1:1,体积/体积)水溶液并用氯仿萃取混合物三次,将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。用在己烷中的35-50%的丙酮作为洗脱液在硅胶上提纯该残渣,以得到0.092克作为无色油的产物(1-{6-[氯(二氟)-甲基]吡啶-3-基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(4),收率为57%。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.79(s,1H),8.09(d,J=8.1赫兹,1H),7.80(d,J=8.1赫兹,1H),4.73(q,J=7.2赫兹,1H),3.16和3.11(2s,3H,在亚磺酰亚胺和吡啶尾部之间的两种非对映异构的α-CH3基团的混合物),2.00(d,J=7.2赫兹,3H);LC-MS:C10H10ClF2N3[M-I]+的质量计算值为292。测量值为292。
实施例IV.制备[1-(6-三氯甲基吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(5)。
搅拌并缓慢加热5-乙基吡啶-2-羧酸(1.98克,13毫摩尔)、苯基膦酰二氯(2.8克,14.3毫摩尔)、五氯化磷(7.7克,32毫摩尔)的混合物。一旦形成了澄清的黄色液体即将混合物加热至回流过夜。在冷却之后,在减压下将挥发物移除。小心地将残渣倒入在冰水浴中冷却的饱和碳酸钠水溶液。随后用CH2Cl2将水相萃取两次。将合并的有机层用盐水清洗、经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、浓缩并在硅胶上将其部分地提纯(用在己烷中的10%的乙酸乙酯洗脱)以得到2.7克的同时包含以约3:1的比例的5-乙基-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶和5-(1-氯-乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶的粗产物(GC数据,C8H8Cl3N和C8H7Cl4N[M]+的质量计算值分别为223和257。测量值分别为223和257)。
随后,将上述粗产物(2.6克)在四氯化碳(100毫升)中的混合物用80%的N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(1.9克,1.1毫摩尔)和过氧化苯甲酰(0.66克,0.275毫摩尔)处理并随后回流过夜。过滤出固体,浓缩滤液,并在硅胶上用在己烷中的4%的乙酸乙酯提纯所得到的残渣,以得到1.0克作为黄色固体的所需产物5-(1-溴乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(A)。两个步骤合并的收率为25%。GC-MS:C8H7BrCl3N[M-I-Cl]+的质量计算值为266。测量值为266。
在0℃下用甲硫醇钠(0.44克,6.29毫摩尔)逐份处理5-(1-溴乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(A)(0.95克,3.14毫摩尔)在乙醇(15毫升)中的溶液。在室温下将该混合物搅拌过夜。随后在减压下去除乙醇溶剂并将残渣再次放入CH2Cl2和盐水。将两相分离并将有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。用在己烷中的5%的乙酸乙酯在硅胶上提纯该残渣以得到0.57克部分纯净的5-[1-(甲硫基)乙基]-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(B),粗收率为67%。GC-MS:C9H10Cl3NS[M]+的质量计算值为269。测量值为269。
向搅拌的5-[1-(甲硫基)乙基]-2-(三氯甲基)-吡啶(B)(0.55克,2.3毫摩尔)和氨腈(0.097克,2.3毫摩尔)在冷却至0℃的THF(7毫升)中的溶液加入一份碘苯二乙酯(0.75克,2.3毫摩尔)。将所得到的混合物在0℃下搅拌1小时,随后在室温下搅拌2小时。在真空下去除溶剂,并在硅胶上用在己烷中的50%的丙酮提纯所得到的混合物以得到0.254克作为灰白色固体的(1E)-甲基{1-[6-(三氯甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(C),收率为40%。非对映异构体混合物的1H NMR(300兆赫兹,d6-丙酮)δ8.87(s,1H),8.21-8.25(m,2H),4.65-4.76(m,1H),2.86-2.66(m,3H),1.88-1.92(m,3H)。
向搅拌的(1E)-甲基{1-[6-(三氯甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(C)(0.20克,0.65毫摩尔)在乙醇(15毫升)中的溶液加入0℃的20%的碳酸钾水溶液(1.3毫升),接着加入80%的mCPBA。在0℃下将所得到的混合物搅拌2小时,并随后用固体硫代硫酸钠淬灭。蒸发大多数溶剂,加入1:1的饱和NaHCO3-盐水(体积/体积)水溶液,并用氯仿将混合物萃取三次。将合并的有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。在硅胶上用在己烷中的40%的丙酮提纯该残渣以得到0.10克作为无色油的[1-(6-三氯甲基吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基-氨腈(5),收率为50%。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.83(s,1H),8.12-8.23(m,1H),5.15(q,1H),3.37和3.28(2s,3H,在亚磺酰亚胺和吡啶尾部之间的两种非对映异构体的α-CH3基团的混合物),2.03(d,3H);LC-MS:C10H12Cl3N3OS[M+1]+的质量计算值为328。测定值为328。
实施例V.制备[1-(6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(6)。
向2-碘-5-溴吡啶(18.4克,65毫摩尔)在-15℃的THF(100毫升)中的溶液以使反应温度不超过0℃的速率逐滴加入异丙基氯化镁(2M,35毫升,70毫摩尔)。在-15℃下搅拌反应1小时,随后以使反应温度不超过0℃的速率逐滴加入DMF(7.5毫升,97毫摩尔)。搅拌反应30分钟,随后将其温热至室温,持续额外的1小时。将反应冷却回0℃并逐滴加入2N的HCl(80毫升),维持温度低于20℃。在搅拌30分钟后,加入2N的NaOH直至达到pH7。随后将有机层分离并用CH2Cl2萃取(3x)水层。将合并的有机层经MgSO4干燥、浓缩并通过快速层析法(flash chromatography)(SiO2,10%乙酸乙酯/己烷)提纯以提供作为白色固体的5-溴吡啶-2-甲醛(A)(7.3克,60%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ10.0(s,1H),8.9(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.8(d,1H)。
向5-溴吡啶-2-甲醛(A)(7.0g,38毫摩尔)在-78℃的CH2Cl2(300毫升)中的冷却溶液中加入三氟化二乙氨基硫(DAST,10.8毫升,83毫摩尔)。将反应在6小时内温热至室温,随后将其用H2O缓慢地淬灭,用饱和的NaHCO3水溶液清洗并经Na2SO4干燥。用硅胶塞(CH2Cl2洗脱液)的浓缩和提纯提供了作为棕色晶体的5-溴-2-二氟甲基吡啶(B)(5.3克,67%)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.8(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),6.6(t,1H)。
向5-溴-2-二氟甲基吡啶(B)(1.8克,8.6毫摩尔)在25℃的THF(40毫升)中的溶液逐滴加入异丙基氯化镁(2M,8.6毫升,17毫摩尔)。搅拌反应2小时,随后加入DMF(660微升,8.6毫摩尔)且额外地搅拌反应22h。用2M的HCl使反应淬灭,并用1M的NaOH碱化直至达到pH7。随后将有机层分离并且用CH2Cl2萃取水层。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,通过快速层析法(乙酸乙酯/己烷为10%)浓缩并提纯以提供作为橙色油的6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-甲醛(C)(320毫克,24%)。
向6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-甲醛(C)(500毫克,3.2毫摩尔)在0℃的甲醇(10毫升)中的溶液加入NaBH4(60毫克,1.6毫摩尔)。搅拌反应30分钟,随后加入2M的HCl直至达到pH2。用CH2Cl2(3x)萃取所得到的溶液,将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥并浓缩以提供作为橙色油的(6-二氟甲基-吡啶-3-基)甲醇(D)(420毫克,82%),其未经进一步提纯即用于下一步骤。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.6(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),6.6(t,1H),4.8(s,2H)。
向(6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-基)甲醇(D)(450毫克,2.8毫摩尔)在室温的CH2Cl2(10毫升)中的溶液加入SO2Cl(230微升,3.1毫摩尔)。搅拌反应1小时,随后用饱和的NaHCO3水溶液将反应缓慢地淬灭。用CH2Cl2(3x)萃取水相,将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。用CH2Cl2(3x)萃取所得到的溶液,将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,以提供作为红棕色油的5-溴甲基-2-二氟甲基吡啶(E)(490毫克,98%),其未经进一步提纯即用于下一步骤。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.7(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),6.6(d,1H),4.6(s,2H)。
向甲硫醇钠(240毫克,3.3毫摩尔)在室温下的乙醇(10毫升)中的溶液中加入5-氯甲基-2-二氟甲基吡啶(E)(490毫克,2.8毫摩尔)在乙醇(3毫升)中的溶液。搅拌反应9h,随后将反应浓缩,放入乙醚并用水清洗。将该有机相经Na2SO4干燥并浓缩以提供作为橙色油的2-二氟甲基-5-甲硫基甲基-吡啶(F)(422毫克,81%),其未经进一步提纯即用于下一步骤。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.6(s,1H),7.8(d,1H),7.6(d,1H),6.6(t,1H),3.7(s,2H),2.0(s,3H)。
如实施例I-B和I-C所述,由2-二氟甲基-5-甲硫基甲基吡啶(F)在两个步骤中合成[(6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(G)。将其作为白色固体而分离(51%的收率)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ8.7(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),6.7(t,1H),4.7(dd,2H),3.2(s,3H);LC-MS(ELSD):C9H10F2N3OS[M+H]+的质量计算值为246。测量值为246。
如实施例1中所述,由[(6-二氟甲基吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(G)在一个步骤中合成[1-(6-二氟甲基吡啶-3基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈。其作为无色油(74%的产率)且作为1:1的非对映异构体的混合物而分离。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(两种非对映异构体的混合物)8.7(s,2H),8.0(d,2H),7.8(d,2H),6.7(t,2H),4.6(q,2H),3.1(s,3H),3.0(s,3H),2.0(d,6H),LC-MS(ELSD):C10H12F2N3OS[M+H]+的质量计算值为260。测量值为260。
实施例VI.制备[1-(6-五氟乙基吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(7)。
用在-15℃的2毫升无水乙醚中的l-((E)-3-甲硫基丁-l-烯基)吡咯烷(0.85克,5毫摩尔)处理在无水乙醚(5毫升)中的(E)-1-乙氧基-4,4,5,5,5-五氟戊-1-烯-3-酮(1.09克,5毫摩尔)5分钟,并且继续反应20分钟。随后使温度升高至室温并继续反应3小时。在减压下去除溶剂并将残渣再次溶解于无水DMF(5毫升)。加入乙酸铵(0.58克,7.5毫摩尔)并将混合物在室温下搅拌一个周末。加入水并用醚萃取混合物三次。将合并的有机层用盐水清洗,经无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并在硅胶上提纯(用在己烷)中的8%的乙酸乙酯(体积/体积)洗脱)以得到0.16克作为褐色油的所需的5-(1-甲硫基乙基)-2-五氟乙基吡啶(A),收率为12%。GC-MS:C10H11F2N3S[M]+的质量计算值为271。[M-1]+测量值为271。
向搅拌的5-(1-甲硫基乙基)-2-五氟-乙基吡啶(A)(0.16克,0.6毫摩尔)和氨腈(0.025克,0.6毫摩尔)在冷却到0℃的THF(3毫升)中的溶液加入一份碘苯二乙酯(0.19克,0.6毫摩尔),将所得到的混合物在0℃下搅拌2小时并,随后在室温下搅拌过夜。在真空下去除溶剂,并将所得到的混合物在盐水-饱和NaHCO3(9:1)中悬浮,随后将其用CH2Cl2-乙酸乙酯(1:1,体积/体积)萃取两次。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并干燥以得到0.16克作为褐色油的(1-{6-[五氟乙基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)(甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B),收率为85%。LC-MS:C11H10F5N3S[M]+的质量计算值为311.28。[M-I]+测量值为309.84。
向搅拌的80%的3-氯过氧苯甲酸(0.17克,约0.8毫摩尔)在冷却至0℃的乙醇(3毫升)中的溶液加入20%的碳酸钾水溶液(1.0毫升,1.5毫摩尔),并将所得到的混合物在0℃下搅拌20分钟。随后一次性加入(1-{6[五氟-乙基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)(甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B)并将该混合物在0℃下搅拌1小时。用一小平勺的固体硫代硫酸钠使反应淬灭。蒸发大多数溶剂,加入盐水溶液,并用CH2Cl2萃取该混合物三次。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩,在硅胶上用在CH2Cl2中的10%的丙酮(体积/体积)提纯该残渣以得到0.089克作为白色固体的[1-(6-五氟乙基吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(7),收率为54%。LC-MS:C10H10F5N3OS[M]+的质量计算值为327.28。[M-1]+的测量值为325.83。
实施例VII.制备2-三氟甲基-5-(1-{甲基(氧)[氧(氧代)亚肼基]-λ4-硫烷基}乙基)吡啶(8)。
在1.5小时之内,向5-(1-甲硫基乙基)-2-三氟甲基吡啶(2.0克,9毫摩尔)在0℃的CHCl3(20毫升)中的溶液加入mCPBA(2.1克,10毫摩尔)在CHCl3(25毫升)中的溶液。将该溶液额外搅拌2小时,随后将其浓缩并用快速层析法(甲醇/CH2Cl2为10%)提纯以提供作为黄色油(710毫克,33%)且为约2:1的非对映异构体混合物的5-(1-甲基亚磺酰基-乙基)-2-三氟甲基吡啶(A)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(主要非对映异构体)8.7(s,1H),7.8(d,1H),7.7(d,1H),4.0(q,1H),2.4(s,3H),1.75(d,3H);(次要非对映异构体)8.6(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.7(d,1H),3.8(q,1H),2.3(s,3H),1.8(d,3H);LC-MS(ELSD):C9H11F3NOS[M+H]+的质量计算值为238。测量值为238。
向5-(1-甲基亚硫酰基乙基)-2-三氟甲基吡啶(A)(600毫克,2.5毫摩尔)在0℃的CHCl3(5毫升)中的溶液加入叠氮化钠(260毫克,4.0毫摩尔)和H2SO4(1毫升)。将反应温热至55℃直至观察到气体挥发,随后将其冷却回室温过夜。将液体倾入单独的烧瓶中,并将剩余浆料(syrup)在水中溶解,用Na2CO3碱化并用CH2Cl2萃取。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、浓缩并通过快速层析法提纯以提供作为黄色油(130毫克,20%)且为约1:1的非对映异构体混合物的5-[1-(甲基磺酰亚氨基)乙基]-2-三氟甲基吡啶(B)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(非对映异构体的混合物)8.8(d,2H),8.0(dd,2H),7.8(d,2H),4.4(m,2H),2.9(s,3H),2.85(s,3H),1.8(m,6H);LC-MS(ELSD:C9H11F3N2OS[M]+的质量计算值为252。测量值为252。
向5-[1-(甲基磺酰亚氨基)乙基]-2-三氟甲基吡啶(B)(100毫克,0.4毫摩尔)在0℃的CH2Cl2(2毫升)中的溶液逐滴加入HNO3(16微升,0.4毫摩尔)。向所得到的悬浮液加入乙酸酐(750微升)和浓H2SO4(5微升),并将该混合物加热至40℃。悬浮液在15分钟之内缓慢地变得均匀。随后将溶剂去除并将粗制残渣溶解于水中。加入固体Na2CO3直至达到pH8,并用CH2Cl2萃取水相。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、浓缩并用快速层析法提纯以得到作为黄色油(22毫克,19%)和1:1的非对映异构体混合物的2-三氟甲基-5-(1-{甲基(氧)-[氧(氧代)亚肼基]-λ4-硫烷基}乙基)吡啶(8)。1H NMR(300兆赫兹,CDCl3)δ(非对映异构体的混合物)8.8(d,2H),8.1(m,2H),7.8(m,2H),5.1(q,1H),5.0(q,1H),3.3(s,3H),3.25(s,3H),2.0(m,6H);LC-MS(ELSD):C9H11F3N3O3S[M+H]+的质量计算值为298。测量值为298。
实施例VIII.[6-(1,1-二氟乙基)吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈的制备
在室温下,向5-甲基-2-乙酰吡啶(9.9克,73.3毫摩尔)在经分子筛干燥的CH2Cl2(150毫升)中的溶液加入二乙胺基三氟化硫(diethylaminosulfolnyltrifluoride)(DAST)(25.8克,260毫摩尔),并在室温下搅拌该混合物过夜。加入更多DAST(12克,74毫摩尔)并再继续反应两天,其后加入额外的DAST(3.8克,23毫摩尔)并再继续反应3天。在用0℃的饱和NaHCO3缓慢地将反应淬灭之后,将有机相分离,经Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。在硅胶上提纯残渣(用在己烷中的8%的乙酸乙酯洗脱)以得到3.91克作为浅褐色油的2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基吡啶(A),收率为34%。GC-MS:C8H9F2N[M]+的质量计算值为157。测量值为157。
将在四氯化碳(100毫升)中的2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基吡啶(A)(2.0克,12.7毫摩尔)、N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(2.2克,12.7毫摩尔)和过氧化苯甲酰(0.15克,0.63毫摩尔)的混合物回流过夜。通过过滤去除固体后,将滤液浓缩。将残渣再次溶解于乙醇(40毫升)中,并在室温下加入甲硫醇钠(1.33克,19毫摩尔)并且搅拌3小时。在减压下去除溶剂并将剩余的混合物溶解于CH2Cl2和水。分离后,将有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。粗产物2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5甲硫基甲基-吡啶(B)在GC/MS中的纯度为94%,其未经进一步提纯而直接用于下一步反应。GC-MS:C9H11F2NS[M]+的质量计算值为203。测量值为203。
向冷却至0℃的2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲硫基甲基吡啶(B)(1.22克,6.0毫摩尔)和氨腈(0.25克,6.0毫摩尔)在THF(7毫升)中的搅拌的溶液加入一份碘苯二乙酯(1.93克,6.0毫摩尔),将所得到的混合物在0℃下搅拌1小时并随后在室温下搅拌2小时。在真空下去除溶剂,并用在己烷中的60%的丙酮(体积/体积)在硅胶上提纯所得到的混合物以得到1.22克的作为褐色油的[(6-(1,1-二氟乙基吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(C)(84%的收率),其在放置于冰箱中过夜后变成褐色固体。LC-MS:C10H11F2N3S[M]+的质量计算值为243.28。[M+1]+的测量值为244.11。
向装有磁力搅拌器、加料漏斗和温度计的100毫升圆底烧瓶加入高碘酸钠(0.95克,4.44毫摩尔)和水(12毫升)。在固体溶解之后,加入15毫升的CH2Cl2,接着加入三氯化钌水合物(0.033克,0.15毫摩尔)。在30分钟内逐滴加入溶解于5毫升的CH2Cl2中的[(6-(1,1-二氟乙基吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(C)(0.72克,2.96毫摩尔)。将混合物在室温下快速搅拌1.5小时,随后通过滤纸过滤以去除一些不溶物。随后在加入乙酸乙酯以协助分离后,在分液漏斗中将混合物分离。用CH2Cl2萃取该水相两次。将合并的有机层用盐水清洗、经干燥的Na2SO4干燥、过滤、浓缩并用在己烷中的70%的丙酮简单地在硅胶上提纯以得到0.652克作为白色固体的所需产物[(6-(1,1-二氟乙基吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(D),收率为87%。LC-MS:C10H11F2N3S[M]+的质量计算值为259.28。[M+1]+的测量值为260.02。
在-78℃下,向[(6-(1,1-二氟乙基吡啶-3基)甲基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(D)(0.55克,2.0毫摩尔)和HMPA(0.09毫升,0.55毫摩尔)在20毫升无水THF中的溶液逐滴加入在甲苯中(4.4毫升,2.2毫摩尔)的0.5M的双酰胺钾。45分钟之后,通过注射器加入一份碘甲烷(0.14毫升,2.2毫摩尔)。10分钟之后,将温度升高至0℃并继续搅拌混合物1.5小时。用饱和NH4Cl水溶液淬灭反应,用盐水稀释,用乙酸乙酯和CH2Cl2各萃取一次。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥、过滤并浓缩。用预制的HPLC提纯该残渣以得到0.15克所需的[6-(1,1-二氟乙基)吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(9),收率为26%。LC-MS:C11H13F2N3OS[M]+的质量计算值为273.31。[M+1]+的测量值为274.21。
关于实施例I-VIII和其他相关化合物的进一步的细节在美国专利申请公开2007/0203191A1中提供,其内容全部作为参考并入本文。
应理解本发明的组合物可包含能以一种或多种立体异构体存在的化合物。
各种立体异构体包括几何异构体、非对映异构体和对映异构体。因此本发明的组合物可包含外消旋混合物、各个立体异构体和光学活性混合物的化合物。本领域技术人员应理解一种立体异构体可能比其他立体异构体更具活性。可以通过选择性合成程序,通过使用拆分(resolve)的初始材料的常规合成程序或通过常规拆分程序来获得各个立体异构体和光学活性混合物。
作为关于立体异构体的更具体的实施例,在实施例I中所述的{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈化合物包括四种单独的立体异构体。这四种立体异构体限定了两对非对映异构体,为本文件的目的将其标注为非对映异构体体组A和B。非对映异构体组A通过如下所示的{(R)-l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(R)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(A1)和{(S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(S)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(A2)来限定。
非对映异构体组A
{(R)-l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(R)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(A1)
{(S)-l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(S)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(A2)
非对映异构体组B通过如下所示的{(R)-l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(S)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B1)和{(S)-l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(R)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B2)来限定。
非对映异构体组B
{(R)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(S)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B1)
{(S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(R)-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈(B2)
在初步合成{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈化合物后,非对映异构体组(A)和(B)以约1:2的混合物存在。然而已发现,在非对映异构体组(A)和(B)之间随时间发生转化。例如,如在下文的实施例IX中所提出的,由于曝露在升高的温度下,非对映异构体组A的存在随时间而显著增加,从而提出了针对包含{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈化合物的组合物的化学稳定性和物理稳定性的问题。
现已令人惊奇地发现,将少量的一种或多种有机酸或其盐加入至根据通式(I)的化合物基本上稳定了该化合物的立体异构体之间的比例。以一种形式,有机酸的加入保持了两对非对称异构体之间的比例。以一种特定的形式,该有机酸至少包含一个羧酸官能团。如本文所用的,“羧酸官能团”指具有以下结构通式的官能团
具有至少一个羧酸官能团的有机酸的例子包括羧酸、甲酸、乙酸、硬脂酸、乳酸、扁桃酸(madelic acid)、丙烯酸、油酸、苯甲酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、邻苯二甲酸、丙二酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙二酸、异柠檬酸、巴豆酸、甘油酸、对甲基苯甲酸、丙酸、庚酸、丁酸、丙醇二酸、硝基乙酸、氰基乙酸、甲氧基乙酸、氟乙酸、氯乙酸、溴乙酸、二氯乙酸、戊二酸、三氯乙酸、苹果酸、己酸、1,2,4-苯三酸、1,3,5-苯三酸、乌头酸、丙三羧酸和没食子酸。在另一个具体实施方案中,该有机酸包含三个羧酸官能团。具有三个羧酸官能团的有机酸的例子包括柠檬酸、异柠檬酸、1,2,4-苯三酸、1,3,5-苯三酸、丙三羧酸、乌头酸及其混合物。
如本文所用的,有机酸的“盐”指其中酸的氢被金属或其等价物所取代同时保持与该有机酸相同的有机部分的化合物。可在盐中得到的金属的例子包括但不限于钾、钠、锂、钙和铝。以一种具体的形式,该盐为柠檬酸的柠檬酸盐。柠檬酸盐的非限制性的例子包括柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸三钠二水合物、柠檬酸钠二水合物、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸锂及其混合物。以另一种形式,盐为邻苯二甲酸的邻苯二甲酸氢钾盐。尽管如此,预期该盐还可以一种或多种可选形式来提供。
在一个具体实施方案中,组合物包含根据通式(I)的一种化合物或化合物的混合物以及有机酸或其盐。以一种形式,该组合物所包含的根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约300:1至约10:1。以另一种形式,根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约280:1至约20:1。仍以另一种形式,根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约260:1至约30:1。以另一种形式,根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约250:1至约40:1。以另一种形式,根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约245:1至约45:1。仍以另一种形式,根据通式(I)的化合物和该有机酸或其盐之间的以重量计的比例为约240:1至约48:1。
在另一个具体实施方案中,方法包括提供在异构混合物中包含根据通式(I)的化合物的组合物。更特别地,该异构混合物通过两对非对映异构体来限定。以此具体实施方案的一种形式,两对非对映异构体以约2:1的比例而存在。然而,在非对映异构体之间的比例预期为可选的值。例如,两对非对映异构体可以约1:4至约12:1、约1:2至约8:1或者约1:1至约4:1的比例存在。该方法进一步包括向组合物加入有机酸或其盐。在此具体实施方案的一个方面中,向该组合物加入有机酸或其盐在一段时间内基本上保持了两对非对映异构体之间的比例。保持该比例的时间段的非限制性的例子可为至少两周,至少一个月,至少三个月,至少六个月或至少12个月或更长。然而,保持该比例的时间段预期为可选的值。在此具体实施方案的另一方面中,当该组合物在环境温度(本文所用的指18-28℃)以上的温度下存在时,在两对非对映异构体之间的比例基本上保持至少两个星期。虽然环境温度以上的温度以及保持该比例的时间段预期为可选的范围,作为一个非限制性实施例,环境温度以上的温度为50-60℃。
本发明的组合物也可随同植物学上可接受的惰性载体而提供,该惰性载体以喷雾、局部处理、凝胶、种子包覆、微胶囊、内吸剂(systemic uptake)、饵剂、耳标(eartag)、丸剂、喷雾器、熏蒸剂气溶胶(fumigant aerosols)、粉剂以及许多其他形式。通常,制剂作为水悬浮液或乳液而施用。此类悬浮液或乳液由水溶性的、水悬浮性的或可乳化的制剂制备,这些制剂为(1)通常已知作为可润湿粉末或水分散颗粒的固体或者(2)通常已知作为包含组合物的可乳化浓缩液、水乳液、悬浮浓缩液和水悬浮胶囊的液体。如将易于理解的,可向其加入该组合物的任何材料均可被使用,只要该材料产生所需效用而不显著地干扰作为杀虫剂的该组合物的活性。
可湿性粉末(可将其压实、挤出或通过在水中分散处理,接着通过喷雾干燥或流化床附聚以形成水分散颗粒)包含该组合物的均质混合物、惰性载体和表面活性剂。可湿性粉末中的该组合物的浓度基于该可湿性粉末的总重量通常为10重量%至90重量%,更优选25重量%至75重量%。在制备可湿性粉末制剂时,可将该组合物与任何细磨的固体混合(如叶蜡石、滑石、白垩、石膏、漂白土(Fuller'searth)、膨润土、石绒、淀粉、酪蛋白、麸质、蒙脱石粘土、硅藻土、纯净硅酸盐等)。在此操作中,通常将细磨的载体和表面活性剂与组合物混合并研磨。
基于浓缩液的总重量,该组合物的可乳化浓缩液在适合的液体中包含便利的该组合物的浓度,例如5重量%至75重量%。组合物在惰性载体中溶解,该惰性载体为水、与水混溶的溶剂、不与水混溶的溶剂或其混合物和乳化剂。可用水和油稀释该浓缩液以形成水包油乳液形式的喷雾混合物。有用的有机溶剂包括芳族化合物,尤其是石油的高沸点的萘和烯烃部分如重芳烃石脑油。也可使用其他有机溶剂,例如萜烯溶剂(包含松香衍生物)、脂族酮如环己酮和复合醇(complexalcohol),如2-乙氧基乙醇。
本领域技术人员可容易地确定可有利地在本文中采用的乳化剂,其包括各种非离子型、阴离子型、阳离子型和两性乳化剂,或者两种或更多种乳化剂的混合物。在制备可乳化浓缩液中有用的非离子型乳化剂的例子包括聚亚烷基乙二醇醚以及烷基和芳基酚、脂族醇、脂族胺或脂肪酸与环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的缩合产物,如用多元醇或聚氧化烯增溶的乙氧基化烷基酚和羧酸酯。阳离子型乳化剂包含季氨化合物和脂肪胺盐。阴离子型乳化剂包括油溶性的烷基芳基磺酸盐(例如钙盐)、硫酸化聚乙二醇醚的油溶性盐以及磷酸化聚乙二醇醚的适合的盐。
可用于制备该组合物的可乳化浓缩液的代表性有机液体为:芳族液体如二甲苯、丙苯馏分;或混合的萘馏分、矿物油、取代的芳族有机液体如邻苯二甲酸二辛酯;煤油;各种脂肪酸的二烷基酰胺(特别是脂肪二醇的二甲基酰胺)以及二醇衍生物如二甘醇的正丁基醚、乙基醚或甲基醚和三甘醇的甲基醚等。两种或更多种有机液体的混合物也可用于制备可乳化浓缩液。优选的有机液体包括二甲苯和丙苯馏分,最优选丙苯馏分。表面活性乳化剂通常用于液体制剂,并且其含量为基于该乳化剂和该组合物的合并重量的0.1至20重量%。包含本发明的组合物的制剂也可包含其他相容的添加剂,例如,杀螨剂、杀虫剂、植物生长调节剂、其他杀真菌剂和其他用于农业的生物活性化合物。
水悬浮液包括该组合物的悬浮液,该组合物以基于水悬浮液总重量的5重量%至50重量%的浓度分散于水媒介物(vehicle)中。通过将本发明的组合物或其溶液剧烈地混入由水和表面活性剂组成的媒介物来制备水悬浮液,该表面活性剂选自与以上讨论的表面活性剂相同的类型。也可加入其他组分(如无机盐和合成或天然树胶)以增加水媒介物的密度和粘度。水悬浮液的例子包括油滴(EW’s)、固体(SC’s)和胶囊(CS’s)悬浮液。
该组合物也可作为颗粒制剂来施用,其对于施用至土壤特别有用。颗粒制剂通常包含基于该颗粒制剂总重量的0.5重量%至10重量%的组合物,该组合物分散于全部或大部分由粗磨的惰性材料(如石绒、膨润土、硅藻土、粘土或类似的廉价物质)组成的惰性载体中。通常通过将该组合物稀释于适合的溶剂中并将其涂覆于已预制成适合的颗粒尺寸(0.5至3毫米)的颗粒载体来制备此制剂。适合的溶剂是该化合物基本上或完全溶解于其中的溶剂。也可通过制备该载体和该组合物以及溶剂的料团(dough)或糊,并且将其压碎并干燥以获得所需的粒状颗粒,从而制备此类制剂。
本发明的组合物也可作为水分散性颗粒(water dispersible granule)或干燥的可流动制剂来施用。通常,水分散性颗粒包含基于该制剂总重量的10%至70%的组合物。通常,通过混合和/或将该混合物喷淋于载体上同时加入分散剂和/或湿润剂,并与水结合以形成适于使用公知的制粒技术(如圆盘制粒、挤出、喷雾干燥、流化床附聚等)进一步加工的混合物,从而获得这种制剂。
可通过将该组合物与适合的粉状农用载体(例如,高岭土、磨碎的火山岩等)均匀混合来制备包含该组合物的粉剂。粉剂可适合地包含基于该粉剂总重量的1重量%至10重量%的该组合物。粉剂也可通过将该组合物浸渍于载体上来制备,其方式类似于对上文的颗粒所述的方式。
本发明的制剂可额外包含辅助表面活性剂以增强组合物在目标农作物和有机体上的的沉积、润湿和渗透。这些辅助表面活性剂可任选地作为制剂的组分或作为桶混剂(tank mix)使用。基于水的喷雾体积(spray-volume),通常辅助表面活性剂的量将在0.01体积%至1.0体积%变化,优选在0.05体积%至0.5体积%变化。适合的辅助表面活性剂包括但不限于乙氧基化壬基酚、乙氧基化合成或天然醇、酯或硫代琥珀酸(sulphosuccinic acid)的盐、乙氧基化有机硅氧烷、乙氧基化脂肪胺和表面活性剂与矿物油或植物油的混合物。
实施例IX.包含{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈的组合物的稳定性。
通过首先向装有机械搅拌器的清洁烧杯加入去离子水来制备具有1升的总体积(总重量约为1100克)的组合物(i)。随后在继续搅拌下,将以下成分不分先后地加入烧杯:3.5克112S,其为从Cognis Group(总部设在德国Monheim)市购得到的基于硅的消泡剂;20克2500,其为从HuntsmanPerformance Products(10003Woodloch Forest Drive,The Woodlands,TX77380)市购得到的聚合物表面活性剂;30克D-360,其为从Akzo NobelSurfactants(525W.Van Buren St.,Chicago,IL60607市售的表面活性剂,;20克的其为在Akzo Nobel Surfactants(525W.Van Buren St.,Chicago,IL60607)市购得到的表面活性剂;40克丙二醇;1克GXL,其为从Arch Chemicals,Inc.(1955Lake Drive,Suite100,Smyrna,GA30080)市购得到的微生物稳定溶液(a microbiostat solution),。随后将240克的{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈加入烧杯,接着加入10克CL-611,其为从FMC BioPolymer(1735Market Street,Philadelphia,PA19103)市购获得的稳定剂,以及2克Kelzan,其为从CP Kelco(1000Parkwood Circle,Suite1000,Atlanta,GA30339)市购得到的黄原胶。搅拌这些成分直至获得均相混合物。随后将该混合物用玻珠研磨机研磨至3-5微米的平均颗粒尺寸。
组合物(i)的最终制剂在表1中给出。
表1
组合物(i)
收集两个20毫升的组合物(i)样品并各自在室温下和54℃下在1oz.的密封玻璃罐中储存两周。两周之后,收集该样品并通过色谱法分析以测量在组合物(i)中的{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈的非对映异构体组A和B之间的比例。色谱分析的结果在表2中提供。
表2
在组合物(i)中的{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈在储存两周后的非对映异构体比例。
非对映异构体组: | 室温,% | 54℃,% |
A | 37.7 | 98.5 |
B | 62.3 | 1.5 |
实施例X.包含{1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈和有机酸或其盐的组合物的稳定性。
以上文中对于实施例IX所给出的方式,分别制备各具有1升的总体积(约1100克)的组合物(ii)-(xii)。组合物(ii)-(xii)的每一个包含组合物(i)的成分,并且除水之外的每种成分以相同的量提供。然而,与制备组合物(i)相反,在加入240克{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈、10克CL-611和2克Kelzan之前,向组合物(ii)-(xii)的每一个加入少量有机酸或有机酸盐。组合物(ii)-(xii)的最终制剂在表3中给出,其中对于组合物(ii)-(xii)的每一个的特定的有机酸/盐以及该有机酸/盐的量在表4中给出。
表3
组合物(ii)-(xii)
表4
组合物(ii)-(xii)的有机酸/盐
组合物 | 有机酸/盐 | 克/升 |
ii | 柠檬酸 | 1 |
iii | 柠檬酸 | 2 |
iv | 柠檬酸 | 5 |
v | 邻苯二甲酸氢钾 | 1 |
vi | 邻苯二甲酸氢钾 | 5 |
vii | DL-苹果酸 | 1.3 |
viii | 酒石酸 | 1.5 |
ix | 马来酸 | 1.2 |
x | 丙二酸 | 1 |
xi | 乳酸 | 1 |
xii | 琥珀酸 | 1.2 |
收集组合物(ii)-(xii)的每一个的两个20毫升样品,并各自在5℃和54℃下在1oz.的密封玻璃罐中储存两周。在两周之后,收集该样品并通过色谱法分析以测量在组合物(ii)-(xii)中的{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈的非对映异构体组A和B之间的比例。色谱分析结果在表5中提供,该表格也显示了各组合物的pH以及{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈化合物基于相应组合物总重量的重量%。
表5
应理解,前述实施例是为了举例说明的目的,而并非意在将其解释为本文所公开的发明仅限于这些实施例中所公开的具体实施方案。例如,预期在组合物(ii)-(xii)中的{l-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)-氧-λ4-亚硫烷基氨腈化合物可用根据通式(I)的化合物的一种或其混合物来代替,或者用可选的有机酸或其盐来代替。类似地,预期该组合物可以除了用实施例中所提供的那些共成分(co-ingredient)之外还用一种或多种共成分来制备,或者用一种或多种共成分代替实施例中所提供的那些共成分来制备。
杀虫剂的效用
本文公开的组合物对于控制包括昆虫的无脊椎动物有用。因此,本发明还涉及抑制昆虫的方法,该方法包括在昆虫所在地、待保护的区域或直接在要控制的昆虫上施用昆虫抑制量的该组合物。本发明的组合物还可用于控制其他无脊椎害虫如螨虫和线虫。
本文使用的术语昆虫或其他害虫的“所在地”指昆虫或其他害虫的生活环境或存在它们的卵的环境,包括它们周围的空气、它们食用的食物或它们接触的物体。例如,可通过将该组合物施用于种植前的植物种子、施用于幼苗(或被种植的插枝)、叶、茎、果实、谷粒和/或根来控制、或者在该农作物种植之前或之后将其施用于土壤或其他生长介质,从而控制食用、破坏或接触可食用植物、商品植物、观赏植物、草皮或牧草植物的昆虫。也可间接地通过控制食汁液的害虫如粉虱、飞虱、蚜虫和红叶螨,从而实现保护这些植物免受病毒、真菌或细菌疾病。这类植物包括通过常规方法繁殖的那些植物,也包括使用现代生物技术基因修饰以获得抗虫性、抗除草剂性、营养增强和/或任何其他有益特性的那些植物。
通过在下述物体上或其附近施用活性组合物,预期该组合物还可用于保护织物、纸张、储存的谷物、种子和其他食品、可被人类和/或同伴占据的房屋和其他建筑物、农场、牧场、动物园或其他动物。可用该组合物通过控制寄生的或能传播传染性疾病的无脊椎和/或线虫纲的害虫而保护驯养的动物、建筑物或人类。此类害虫包括,例如恙螨、蜱、虱、蚊虫、苍蝇、跳蚤和犬恶丝虫。非农学应用还包括在森林中、庭院中、路边和铁路沿线的无脊椎害虫控制。
术语“抑制昆虫”指的是降低活昆虫的数量,或降低可存活的昆虫卵的数量。当然,通过组合物实现的减少程度取决于该组合物的施用率、所用的特定组合物和目标昆虫物种。应至少使用灭活量。术语“昆虫灭活量”用于描述足以导致被处理昆虫种群可测量地减少的量。通常使用以重量计约1ppm至约1000ppm的量的活性化合物。例如,可被抑制的昆虫或其他害虫包括,但不限于:
鳞翅目——实夜蛾属物种(Heliothis spp.)、铃夜蛾属物种(Helicoverpa spp.)、灰翅夜蛾属物种(Spodoptera spp.)、秘夜蛾粘虫(Mythimna unipuncta)、小地老虎(Agrotis ipsilon)、金刚钻属物种(Earias spp.)、行军夜盜蛾(Euxoa auxiliaris)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsia gemmatalis)、薄荷灰夜蛾(Rachiplusia nu)、小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、禾草螟属物种(Chilo spp.)、三化螟(Scirpophaga incertulas)、大螟(Sesamia inferens)、稻纵卷叶螟(Cnaphalocrocismedinalis)、玉米螟(Ostrinia nubilalis)、苹果蠹蛾(Cydia pomonella)、桃小食心虫(Carposina niponensis)、棉褐带小卷叶蛾(Adoxophyes orana)、果树黄卷蛾(Archips argyrospilus)、苹褐卷蛾(Pandemis heparana)、夜小卷蛾(Epinotiaaporema)、环针单纹卷蛾(Eupoecilia ambiguella)、葡萄花翅小卷蛾(Lobesiabotrana)、Polychrosis viteana、红铃虫(Pectinophora gossypiella)、菜粉蝶(Pierisrapae)、细蛾属物种(Phyllonorycter spp.)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucoptera malifoliella)、柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnisitis citrella)
鞘翅目——叶甲属物种(Diabrotica spp.)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、水稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)、棉铃象甲(Anthonomus grandis)、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、金针虫属物种(Agriotes spp.)、Melanotuscommunis、日本金龟子(Popillia japonica)、圆头犀金龟属物种(Cyclocephala spp.)、拟谷盗属物种(Tribolium spp.)
同翅目——蚜虫属物种(Aphis spp.)、桃蚜(Myzus persicae)、缢管蚜属物种(Rhopalosiphum spp.)、车前圆尾蚜(Dysaphis plantaginea)、二叉蚜属物种(Toxoptera spp.)、大戟长管蚜(Macrosiphum euphorbiae)、茄沟无网蚜(Aulacorthum solani)、麦长管蚜(Sitobion avenae)、麦无网长管蚜(Metopolophiumdirhodum)、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)、麦双尾蚜(Brachycolus noxius)、叶蝉属物种(Nephotettix spp.)、褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、白背飞虱(Sogatellafurcifera)、灰飞虱(Laodelphax striatellus)、粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)、温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)、欧洲甘蓝粉虱(Aleurodes proletella)、丝绒粉虱(Aleurothrixus floccosus)、梨圆蚧(Quadraspidiotus perniciosus)、矢尖盾蚧(Unaspisyanonensis)、红蜡蚧(Ceroplastes rubens)、红圆蚧(Aonidiella aurantii)
半翅目——盲蝽属物种(Lygus spp.)、鸟龟臭虫(Eurygaster maura)、稻绿蝽(Nezara viridula)、璧椿(Piezodorus guildingi)、稻缘椿象(Leptocorisa varicornis)、温带臭虫(Cimex lectularius)、热带臭虫(Cimex hemipterus)
缨翅目——花蓟马属物种(Frankliniella spp.)、蓟马属物种(Trrips spp.)、黄蓟马(Scirtothrips dorsalis)
等翅目——黄肢散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)、家白蚁(Coptotermesformosanus)、南方散白蚁(Reticulitermes virginicus)、金黄色异白蚁(Heterotermesaureus)、西方散白蚁(Reticulitermes hesperus)、法国家白蚁(Coptotermes frencii)、长鼻白蚁属物种(Shedorhinotermes spp.)、桑特散白蚁(Reticulitermes santonensis)、格氏散白蚁(Reticulitermes grassei)、班尤散白蚁(Reticulitermes banyulensis)、黄胸散白蚁(Reticulitermes speratus)、哈氏散白蚁(Reticulitermes hageni)、美黑胫散白蚁(Reticulitermes tibialis)、湿木白蚁属物种(Zootermopsis spp.)、楹白蚁属物种(Incisitermes spp.)、缘白蚁属物种(Marginitermes spp.)、大白蚁属物种(Macrotermes spp.)、大锯白蚁属物种(Microcerotermes spp.)、蛮白蚁属物种(Microtermes spp.)
双翅目——潜蝇属物种(Liriomyza spp.)、家蝇(Musca domestica)、斑蚊属物种(Aedes spp.)、家蚊属物种(Culex spp.)、疟蚊属物种(Anopheles spp.)、厕蝇属物种(Fannia spp.)、废蝇属物种(Stomoxys spp.)
膜翅目——红蚁(Iridomyrmex humilis)、火蚁属物种(Solenopsis spp.)、法老蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、切叶蚁属物种(Atta spp.)、收获蚁属物种(Pogonomyrmex spp.)、弓背蚁属物种(Camponotus spp.)、单家蚁属物种(Monomorium spp.)、臭家蚁物种(Tapinoma sessile)、铺道蚁属物种(Tetramoriumspp.)、木蜂属物种(Xylocapa spp.)、胡蜂属物种(Vespula spp.)、长足胡蜂属物种(Polistes spp.)
食毛目(羽虱(chewing lice))
虱目(吸血虱(sucking lice))——耻阴虱(Pthirus pubis)、虱属物种(Pediculusspp.)。
直翅目(蝗虫、蟋蟀)——黑蝗属物种(Melanoplus spp.)、东亚飞蝗(Locustamigratoria)、沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)、蝼蛄科(Gryllotalpidae)(蝼蛄)。
蜚蠊目(蟑螂)——东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、德国小蠊(Blattellagermanica)、美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)、长须蜚蠊(Supella longipalpa)、澳洲蟑螂(Periplaneta australasiae)、褐斑大蠊(Periplaneta brunnea)、宾夕法尼亚木蠊(Parcoblatta pennsylvanica)、黑胸大蠊(Periplaneta fuliginosa)、蔗蠊(Pycnoscelus surinamensis),
蚤目(Siphonaptera)——蚤属物种(Ctenophalides spp.)、扰蚤(Pulex irritans)
螨目(Acari)——叶螨属物种(Tetranychus spp.)、蜘蛛螨属物种(Panonychusspp.)、东方叶螨(Eotetranychus carpini)、柑橘锈螨(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、Aculuspelekassi、紫红短须螨(Brevipalpus phoencis)、牛蜱属物种(Boophilus spp.)、变异革蜱(Dermacentor variabilis)、血红扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus sanguineus)、美洲花蜱(Amblyomma americanum)、真蜱属物种(Ixodes spp.)、猫背肛螨(Notoedres cati)、疥螨(Sarcoptes scabiei)、尘螨属物种(Dermatophagoides spp.)
线虫纲(Nematoda)——犬恶丝虫(Dirofilaria immitis)、根结线虫属物种(Meloidogyne spp.)、包囊线虫属物种(Heterodera spp.)、哥伦布冠线虫(Hoplolaimus columbus)、针刺线虫属物种(Belonolaimus spp.)、根腐线虫属物种(Pratylenchus spp.)、肾状线虫(Rotylenchus reniformis)、装饰小环线虫(Criconemella ornata)、茎线虫属物种(Ditylenchus spp.)、叶芽线虫(Aphelenchoidesbesseyi)、稻田潜根线虫属物种(Hirschmanniella spp.)
实际施用于昆虫和螨虫所在地的组合物的量并不严格,本领域技术人员可容易地鉴于以上实施例而确定。通常,以化合物重量计10ppm至5000ppm的浓度可望提供良好的控制。对于这些化合物中的很多种,100至1500ppm的浓度将满足要求。
施用组合物的地点可以是昆虫或螨虫聚居的任何地点,例如,蔬菜作物、水果和坚果树、葡萄藤、观赏植物、驯养的动物、建筑物的内表面或外表面以及建筑物周围的土壤。
由于昆虫卵抵抗毒物作用的独特能力,如其他已知的杀虫剂和杀螨剂那样,可能需要重复施用以控制新生幼虫。
通过将该组合物应用在植物的不同部分,可以利用本发明的组合物在植物内的系统移动来控制在植物的一部分上的害虫。例如,食叶害虫的控制可以通过滴灌或沟施,或者通过种植前处理种子来控制。可以将种子处理应用于所有类型的种子,包括由其发育成经基因转移以表达特定的特性的植物的那些种子。代表性例子包括对无脊椎害虫表达蛋白毒性(如苏云金芽孢杆菌或其它杀虫蛋白)的那些种子,表达抗除草剂性的那些种子(如“Roundup”种子),或具有表达杀虫蛋白、抗除草剂性、营养增强和/或其它有益特性的“堆叠(stacked)”外部基因的那些种子。
该组合物还可作为如捕捉机、诱饵站等装置中的杀虫诱饵制剂来提供,该制剂包括可用于增加该组合物的抗虫害效力的引诱剂和/或摄食刺激剂。诱饵制剂通常为固体、半固体(包括凝胶)或者液态诱饵基体,其包含刺激剂和一种或多种非微胶囊化或微胶囊化的杀虫剂,该杀虫剂的量足以充当杀灭剂。
本发明的组合物通常与一种或多种其他杀虫剂或杀真菌剂或除草剂共同施用以获得对更多种类的害虫病害和杂草的控制。当与其他杀虫剂或杀真菌剂或除草剂共同施用时,本申请要求保护的组合物可用其他杀虫剂或杀真菌剂或除草剂一同配制,与其他杀虫剂或杀真菌剂或除草剂桶内混合(tank mixed),或与其他杀虫剂或杀真菌剂或除草剂相继施用。
可有益地与本发明的组合物结合使用的一些杀虫剂包括:抗生素类杀虫剂,如阿洛氨菌素和苏云金素;大环内酯(macrocyclic lactone)类杀虫剂,如多杀菌素(spinosad)、乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)和包括21-丁烯基刺糖菌素(spinosyns)的其他刺糖菌素及其衍生物;阿维菌素杀虫剂(avermectin insecticide),如阿维菌素(abamectin)、多拉菌素、埃玛菌素、埃普利诺菌素、伊维菌素和塞拉菌素;美倍霉素杀虫剂(milbemycin insecticide),如杀螨菌素、密灭汀、美贝霉素肟和莫西菌素;含砷杀虫剂(arsenical insectide),如砷酸钙、乙酰亚砷酸铜、砷酸铜、砷酸铅、亚砷酸钾和亚砷酸钠;生物杀虫剂(biological insecticide),如乳状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus popilliae)、球形芽孢杆菌(B.sphaericius)、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(B.thuringiensis subsp.aizawai)、苏云金芽孢杆菌克氏亚种(B.thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki)、苏芸金芽孢杆菌拟步行甲亚种(B.thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis)、球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)、苹果小卷蛾颗粒病毒(Cydia pomonella granulosisvirus)、冷杉合毒蛾核多角体病毒(NPV)(Douglas fir tussock moth NPV)、舞毒蛾NPV、谷实夜蛾NPV(Helicoverpa zea NPV)、印度谷螟微粒子病病毒、金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)、蝗虫微孢子虫(Nosema locustae)、玫烟色拟青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)、淡紫拟青霉(P.lilacinus)、发光杆菌(Photorhabdusluminescens)、甜菜夜蛾NPV(spodoptera exigua NPV)、胰蛋白酶调制抑制因子(trypsin modulating oostatic factor)、嗜线虫致病杆菌(Xenorhabdus nematophilus)和伯氏嗜线虫致病杆菌;植物结合防护杀虫剂(plant incorporated protectantinsecticide),如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1A.105、Cry2Ab2、Cry3A、mir Cry3A、Cry3Bbl、Cry34、Cry35和VIP3A;植物性杀虫剂(botanical insecticide),如新烟碱、印楝素、d-柠檬烯、尼古丁、除虫菊素、瓜菊酯、瓜菊酯I、瓜菊酯II、茉莉菊酯I、茉莉菊酯II、除虫菊酯I、除虫菊酯II、苦木药(quassia)、鱼藤酮、鱼尼丁和藜芦碱(sabadilla);氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂,如恶虫威和西维因;苯并呋喃基甲氨基甲酸酯(benzofuranyl methylcarbamate)类杀虫剂,如丙硫克百威、克百威、丁硫克百威、单甲基克百威(decarbofuran)和呋线威;二甲基氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂dimitan、敌蝇威、5,6,7,8-四氢-2-甲基-4-喹啉二甲基氨基甲酸酯(hyquincarb)和抗蚜威;肟氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂,如棉铃威、涕灭威、涕灭砜威、丁酮威、丁酮砜威、灭多威、戊氰威、杀线威、噻螨威、抗虫威(thiocarboxime)、硫双威和久效威;苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂,如除害威(allyxycarb)、灭害威(aminocarb)、合杀威(bufencarb)、畜虫威(butacarb)、氯灭杀威(carbanolate)、除线威(cloethocarb)、dicresyl、二氧威、EMPC、乙硫苯威、二乙基苯酚甲基氨基甲酸酯、仲丁威、异丙威、甲硫威、速灭威(metolcarb)、自克威(mexacarbate)、蜱虱威(promacyl)、猛杀威(promecarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、XMC和灭杀威(xylylcarb);二硝基酚类杀虫剂,如消螨酚、丙硝酚、戊硝酚和DNOC;氟类杀虫剂,如六氟硅酸钡、冰晶石、氟化钠、六氟硅酸钠和氟虫胺;甲脒(formamidine)类杀虫剂,如双甲脒、杀虫脒、伐虫脒和formparanate;熏剂(fumigant)类杀虫剂,如丙烯腈、二硫化碳、四氯化碳、氯仿、三氯硝基甲烷、对二氯苯、1、2-二氯丙烷、甲酸乙酯、1,2-二溴乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、环氧乙烷、氢氰酸、碘甲烷、溴甲烷、甲基氯仿、二氯甲烷、萘、膦、磺酰氟和四氯乙烷;无机杀虫剂,如硼砂、石硫合剂(calcium polysulfide)、油酸铜(copper oleate)、氯化亚汞、硫氰酸钾和硫氰酸钠;几丁质合成抑制剂,如双三氟虫脲、噻嗪酮、定虫隆、灭蝇胺、除虫脲、氟环脲、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、虱螨脲、敌草胺(novaluron)、多氟脲(noviflumuron)、氟幼脲、氟苯脲和杀铃脲;拟保幼激素(juvenile hormonemimics),如保幼醚(epofenonane)、苯氧威、烯虫乙酯、烯虫炔酯、烯虫酯、吡丙醚和烯虫硫酯;保幼激素,如保幼激素I、保幼激素II和保幼激素III;蜕皮激素激动剂(moulting hormone agonists),如环虫酰肼、氯虫酰肼、甲氧虫酰肼和虫酰肼;蜕皮激素(moulting hormones),如α-蜕皮激素和脱皮甾酮;蜕皮抑制剂,如二苯丙醚;抗保幼激素,如早熟素I、早熟素II和早熟素III;无类别昆虫生长调节剂,如环虫腈(dicyclanil);类沙蚕毒素杀虫剂(nereistoxin analogueinsecticides),如杀虫磺、杀螟丹、杀虫环和杀虫双(thiosultap);烟碱类杀虫剂,如氟啶虫酰胺;硝基胍(nitroguanidine)类杀虫剂,如可尼丁、呋虫胺、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪;硝基亚甲基(nitromethylene)类杀虫剂,如烯啶虫胺和硝噻嗪(nithiazine);吡啶基甲基胺杀虫剂,如啶虫脒、吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺和噻虫啉;有机氯杀虫剂,如溴-DDT、毒杀芬、DDT、pp'-DDT、乙基-DDD、HCH、γ-HCH、林丹(lindane)、甲氧氯、五氯苯酚和TDE;环二烯类杀虫剂,如艾氏剂、溴烯杀、冰片丹(chlorbicyclen)、氯丹、十氯酮、狄氏剂、双烃丙茶碱(dilor)、硫丹(endosulfan)、异狄氏剂、HEOD、七氯、HHDN、碳氯灵、异艾氏剂、克来范和灭蚁灵;有机磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如溴苯烯磷、氯苯烯磷、丁烯磷、敌敌畏、百治磷、二甲基毒虫畏、福司吡酯、庚烯磷、杀虫乙烯磷(methocrotophos)、速灭磷、久效磷、二溴磷、萘肽磷、磷胺、丙虫磷、TEPP和杀虫畏(tetrachlorvinphos);有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如蔬果磷、丁苯硫磷和稻丰散;脂族有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如家蝇磷、胺吸磷、硫线磷、氯氧磷、氯甲磷、田乐磷、田乐磷-O、田乐磷-S、内吸磷、内吸磷-O、内吸磷-S、内吸磷-甲基、内吸磷-O-甲基、内吸磷-S-甲基、砜吸磷(demeton-S-methylsulphon)、乙拌磷、乙硫磷、灭线磷、PSP、异拌磷、马拉硫磷、虫螨畏、亚砜磷、异亚砜磷、砜拌磷、甲拌磷、治螟磷、特丁硫磷和甲基乙拌磷;脂族酰胺有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如赛硫磷、果虫磷、乐果、益磷酸(ethoate-methyl)、安硫磷、灭蚜磷、氧乐果、发硫磷、苏硫磷和蚜灭磷;肟有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如氯腈肟磷、腈肟磷和甲基腈肟磷;杂环有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如甲基吡噁磷、蝇毒磷、畜虫磷、敌恶磷、因毒磷、灭蚜硫磷、茂硫磷、伏杀硫磷、吡唑硫磷、哒嗪硫磷和畜宁磷;苯并噻喃有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如苯噻乙双硫磷(dithicrofos)和苯噻乙硫磷(thicrofos);苯并三嗪有机硫代磷酸酯(benzotriazine organothiophosphate)类杀虫剂,如乙基谷硫磷和甲基谷硫磷;异吲哚有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如氯亚磷和亚胺硫磷;异噁唑有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如异恶唑磷和丙硫恶唑磷;吡唑并嘧啶有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如灭虫吡啶(chlorprazophos)和吡啶磷(pyrazophos);吡啶有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如毒死蜱和甲基毒死蜱;嘧啶有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如脱甲基丁嘧啶磷、二嗪磷、乙嘧硫磷、丙嘧硫磷、乙基嘧啶磷、甲基嘧啶磷、乙酰嘧啶磷、嘧硫磷和丁基嘧啶磷;喹喔啉有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如喹硫磷和甲基喹硫磷;噻二唑有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如乙基杀扑磷、噻唑磷、杀扑磷和乙噻唑磷;三唑有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂如氯唑磷和三唑磷;苯基有机硫代磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如偶氮磷、溴硫磷、乙基溴硫磷、三硫磷、氯甲硫磷、杀螟腈、畜蜱磷、异氯磷、除线磷、氰戊菊酯、氨磺磷、皮蝇磷、杀螟硫磷、丰索磷、倍硫磷、乙基倍硫磷、速杀硫磷、碘硫磷、甲基毒虫畏、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、芬硫磷、对氯硫磷、丙溴磷、丙硫磷、硫丙磷、硫甲双磷、三氯偏磷-3和三氯丙氧磷;磷酸酯类杀虫剂,如丁酯膦和敌百虫;硫代膦酸酯类杀虫剂,如甲基减蚜磷;苯基乙基硫代膦酸酯类杀虫剂,如地虫磷和毒壤膦;苯基苯基硫代膦酸酯类杀虫剂,如苯腈磷、EPN和溴苯磷;氨基磷酸酯(phosphoramidate)类杀虫剂,如育畜磷、苯线磷、丁硫环磷、地胺磷、硫环磷和pirimetaphos;硫代磷酰胺酯(phosphoramidothioate)杀虫剂,如高灭磷、水胺硫磷、异柳磷、甲胺磷和烯虫磷;磷酸二酰胺类(phosphorodiamide)杀虫剂,如甲氟磷、叠氮磷、丙胺氟磷和八角磷;恶二嗪杀虫剂,如茚虫威;邻苯二甲酰亚胺类杀虫剂,如氯亚胺硫磷、亚胺硫磷和胺菊酯;吡唑杀虫剂,如乙酰虫腈、乙虫腈、氟虫腈、吡嗪氟虫腈、吡啶氟虫腈(pyriprole)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺和劲特吡咯胺(vaniliprole);拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,如氟丙菊酯、烯丙菊酯、生物烯丙菊酯、椒菊酯、联苯菊酯、溴氰菊酯、环虫菊酯、乙氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、β-氟氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、γ-氯氟氰菊酯、λ-氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、α-氯氰菊酯、β-氯氰菊酯、θ-氯氰菊酯、ζ-氯氰菊酯、苯醚氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、四氟甲醚菊酯、苄菌酯、炔戊菊酯、五氟苯菊酯、吡氯氰菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、顺式氰戊菊酯、氟氰菊酯、氟胺氰菊酯、τ-氟胺氰菊酯、糠醛菊酯、炔咪菊酯、甲氧苄氟菊酯、苄氯菊酯、生物苄氯菊酯、反式苄氯菊酯、苯醚菊酯、炔丙菊酯、丙氟菊酯、pyresmethrin、苄呋菊脂、生物苄呋菊酯、顺式苄呋菊酯、七氟菊酯、环戊烯丙菊酯、胺菊酯、四溴菊酯和四氟苯菊酯;拟除虫菊酯醚类杀虫剂,如醚菊酯、三氟醚菊酯、苄螨醚、protrifenbute和氟硅菊酯;嘧啶胺(pyrimidinamine)杀虫剂,如嘧虫胺和嘧螨醚;吡咯杀虫剂,如溴虫腈;季酮酸杀虫剂,如螺螨酯、螺甲螨酯和螺虫乙酯;硫脲类杀虫剂,如丁醚脲;脲杀虫剂,如flucofuron和sulcofuron;以及未分类的杀虫剂,如AKD-3088、氯氰碘柳胺、克罗米通、丁氟螨酯、E2Y45、EXD、抗螨唑、喹螨醚、fenoxacrim、唑螨酯、FKI-1033、氟虫酰胺、HGW86、伏蚁腙、1K1-2002、稻瘟灵、丙螨氰、氰氟虫腙、恶虫酮、氟蚁灵、NNI-9850、NNI-0101、吡蚜酮、哒螨灵、三氟甲吡醚、Qcide、碘醚柳胺、氯虫酰胺、SYJ-159、苯螨噻和唑蚜威及其任意组合。
可以有益地与本发明的化合物结合使用的杀真菌剂包括:2-(硫氰酸甲硫基)-苯并噻唑、2-苯基苯酚、8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐、白粉寄生孢(Ampelomyces)、使君子(quisqualis)、戊环唑、嘧菌酯、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、苯霜灵、苯菌灵、苯噻菌胺、苄氨基苯磺酸(BABS)盐、碳酸氢盐、联苯、叶枯唑、联苯三唑醇、灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、硼砂、波尔多混合剂、啶酰菌胺、糠菌唑、乙嘧酚磺酸酯、石硫合剂(calcium polysulfide)、敌菌丹、克菌丹、多菌灵、萎锈灵、环丙酰菌胺、香芹酮、地茂散、百菌清、乙菌利、盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)、氢氧化铜、辛酸铜、氧氯化铜、硫酸铜、碱式硫酸铜、氧化亚铜、氰霜唑、环氟菌胺、霜脲氰、环丙唑醇、嘧菌环胺、棉隆、咪菌威、乙撑双-(二硫代氨基甲酸)联铵(diammonium ethylenebis-(dithiocarbamate))、苯氟磺胺、双氯酚、双氯氰菌胺、哒菌清、二氯喃、乙霉威、苯醚甲环唑、野燕枯离子(difenzoquat ion)、氟嘧菌胺、烯酰吗啉、醚菌胺、烯唑醇、烯唑醇-M、消螨通、敌螨普、二苯胺、二噻农、吗菌灵、吗菌灵醋酸盐、多果定、多果定游离碱、克瘟散、氟环唑、噻唑菌胺、乙氧基喹啉、土菌灵、恶唑酮菌、咪唑菌酮、氯苯嘧啶醇、腈苯唑、甲呋酰胺、环酰菌胺、氰菌胺、拌种咯、苯锈啶、丁苯吗啉、三苯锡、三苯基乙酸锡、三苯基氢氧化锡、福美铁、嘧菌腙、氟啶胺、咯菌腈、氟吗啉、氟吡菌胺、氟氯菌核利、氟嘧菌酯、氟喹唑、氟硅唑、磺菌胺、氟酰胺、粉唑醇、灭菌丹(folpet)、甲醛、三乙膦酸、三乙膦酸铝、麦穗宁、呋霜灵、呋吡菌胺、双胍辛、双胍辛乙酸盐、GY-81、六氯苯、己唑醇、恶霉灵、抑霉唑、抑霉唑硫酸盐、酰胺唑、双胍辛胺、双胍辛胺乙酸盐、双胍三辛烷苯基磺酸盐(iminoctadine tris(albesilate))、咪康唑、异稻瘟净、异菌脲、异丙菌胺、稻瘟灵、春雷霉素、春雷霉素盐酸盐水合物(kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate)、醚菌酯、代森锰铜、代森锰锌、代森锰、嘧菌胺、灭锈胺、氯化汞、氧化汞、氯化亚汞、甲霜灵、精甲霜灵、高效甲霜灵、威百亩、安百亩(metam-ammonium)、威百亩-钾(metam-potassium)、威百亩-钠(metam-sodium)、叶菌唑、磺菌威、碘甲烷、异硫氰酸甲酯、代森联(metiram)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、苯菌酮、灭粉霉素、腈菌唑、代森钠、酞菌酯、氟苯嘧啶醇、辛噻酮、甲呋酰胺、油酸(脂肪酸)、肟醚菌胺、恶霜灵、喹啉铜、恶咪唑富马酸盐、氧化萎锈灵、稻瘟酯、戊菌唑、戊菌隆、五氯苯酚、月桂酸五氯苯酯、吡噻菌胺、乙酸苯汞、膦酸、苯酞、啶氧菌酯、多抗霉素B、多抗霉素、多氧霉素、碳酸氢钾、羟基喹啉硫酸钾、烯丙苯噻唑、咪酰胺、腐霉利、霜霉威、霜霉威盐酸盐、丙环唑、丙森锌、丙氧喹啉、丙硫菌唑、百克敏、吡菌磷、稗草丹、啶斑肟、嘧霉胺、咯喹酮、灭藻醌、苯氧喹啉、五氯硝基苯、大虎杖(Reynoutriasachalinensis)提取物、硅噻菌胺、硅氟唑、2-苯基苯酚钠、碳酸氢钠、五氯苯酚钠、螺环菌胺、硫磺、SYP-Z071、焦油油剂、戊唑醇、四氧硝基苯、四氟醚唑、噻苯咪唑、噻呋酰胺、甲基硫菌灵、福美双、噻酰菌胺、甲基立枯磷、甲苯氟磺胺、三唑酮、三唑醇、咪唑嗪、三环唑、十三吗啉、肟菌酯、氟菌唑、嗪氨灵、灭菌唑、有效霉素、乙烯菌核利、代森锌、福美锌、苯酰菌胺、橄榄假丝酵母、尖孢镰刀菌、粘帚霉属、大伏革菌(Phlebiopsis gigantean)、灰绿链霉菌(Streptomycesgriseoviridis)、木霉属物种、(RS)-N-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-(甲氧氧甲基)-琥珀酰亚胺、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,3-二氯-1,1,3,3-四氟丙酮水合物、l-氯-2,4-二硝基萘、l-氯-2-硝基丙烷、2-(2-十七基-2-咪唑啉-l-基)乙醇、2,3-二氢-5-苯基-1,4-二硫-ine1,1,4,4-四氧化物(2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-1,4-dithi-ine1,1,4,4-tetraoxide)、乙酸2-甲氧基乙基汞、氯化2-甲氧基乙基汞、硅酸2-甲氧基乙基汞、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基绕丹宁、4-(2-硝基丙-l-烯基)苯基硫氰化:胺草磷、敌菌灵、氧化福美双杀菌剂、多硫化钡、Bayer32394、麦锈灵、醌肟腙、氟幼脲、苯那普利、异丁基苯甲酰胺(benzamacril-isobutyl)、抑菌啉(benzamorf)、乐杀螨(binapacryl)、双(甲基汞)硫酸盐(bis(methylmercury)sulfate)、氧化双(三丁基锡)、丁硫啶、镉钙铜锌铬酸硫酸盐(cadmium calcium copperzinc chromate sulfate)、吗菌威、CECA、氯美噻唑、双胺灵、2-(2-氯苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑(chlorfenazole)、四氯喹恶啉、咪菌酮、双(3-苯基水杨酸)铜、铬酸铜锌、硫杂灵、硫酸亚铜肼(cupric hydrazinium sulfate)、福美铜氯、环菌胺、氰菌灵、酯菌胺、癸磷锡、二氯萘醌、菌核利、苄氯三唑醇、二甲嘧酚、邻敌螨消、硝辛酯杀螨剂、硝丁酯、双硫氧吡啶、灭菌磷、多地辛、肼菌酮、EBP、ESBP、乙环唑、代森硫(etem)、乙嘧(ethirim)、地克松、咪菌腈、种衣酯、三氟苯唑、二甲呋酰胺(furcarbanil)、呋菌唑、呋醚唑、茂谷乐(furmecyclox)、呋菌隆、果绿定(glyodine)、灰黄霉素(griseofulvin)、丙烯酸喹啉酯、Hercules3944、己基硫磷(hexylthiofos)、ICIA0858、isopamphos、isovaledione、邻酰胺、mecarbinzid、间氯敌菌酮、呋菌胺(methfuroxam)、双氰胺甲基汞、噻菌胺、代森环、黏氯酸酐(mucochloric anhydride)、甲菌利、N-3,5-二氯苯酚-琥珀酰亚胺、N-3-硝基苯基衣康酰亚胺、纳他霉素(natamycin)、N-乙基汞-4-甲苯磺酰苯胺、双(二硫代氨基甲酸镍)、OCH、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸苯基汞、硝酸苯基汞、氯瘟磷、硫菌威;盐酸硫菌威、比锈灵、啶菌腈、吡氯灵、氯吡根呋醚、喹烯酮;硫酸喹烯酮、醌菌腙、喹唑、吡咪唑(rabenzazole)、水杨酰苯胺(salicylanilide)、SSF-109、戊苯砜、tecoram、氟噻亚菌胺、噻菌腈、硫氯苯亚胺、硫菌灵(thiophanate)、克杀螨(thioquinox)、tioxymid、三唑磷胺(triamiphos)、嘧菌醇(triarimol)、丁三唑(triazbutil)、水杨菌胺、福美甲胂、XRD-563和氰菌胺及其任意组合。
一些可与本发明的组合物结合使用的除草剂包括:酰胺类除草剂,如草毒死、氟丁酰草胺、胺酸杀、苄草胺、溴丁酰草胺、唑草胺、CDEA、草克乐、三环噻草胺、二甲吩草胺、精二甲吩草胺、双苯胺、三唑磺、etnipromid、四唑酰草胺、氟胺草唑、氟磺胺草醚、halosafen、草特灵、恶草平、敌草胺、萘草胺、烯草胺、戊炔草胺、醌脒和牧草胺;酰苯胺类除草剂,如丁酰草胺、咯草隆、稗草胺、环酰草胺、吡氟酰草胺、乙氧苯草胺、fenasulam、氟噻草胺、flufehican、苯噻酰草胺、氟磺酰草胺、恶唑酰草胺、庚酰草胺、萘丙胺、甲氯酰草胺、氟吡酰草胺和敌稗;芳基丙氨酸类除草剂,如新燕灵、麦草伏和麦草伏甲酯;氯化乙酰苯胺类除草剂,如乙草胺、甲草胺、丁草胺、丁烯草胺、异丁草胺、乙酰甲草胺、二甲草胺、吡唑草胺、异丙甲草胺、高效异丙甲草胺、丙草胺、毒草胺、异丙草胺、广草胺、特丁草胺、甲氧噻草胺和二甲苯草胺;磺酰苯胺类除草剂如氟草黄、黄草伏、pyrimisulfan和氟唑草胺;磺酰胺(sulfonamide)类除草剂,如黄草灵、威磺灵、fenasulam和黄草消;抗生素类除草剂如双丙氨酰膦;苯甲酸类除草剂,如草灭平、麦草畏、2,3,6-TBA和杀草畏;嘧啶氧基苯甲酸类除草剂,如双草醚和嘧草醚;嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸类除草剂,如嘧硫草醚;邻苯二甲酸类除草剂,如敌草索;吡啶甲酸类除草剂,如氯氨吡啶酸、二氯吡啶酸和氨氯吡啶酸;喹啉羧酸类除草剂,如二氯喹啉酸和氯甲喹啉酸;含砷除草剂,如二甲砷基酸、CMA、DSMA、六氟胂酸钾(hexaflurate)、MAA、MAMA、MSMA、亚砷酸钾和亚砷酸钠;苯甲酰烯巳二酮类除草剂,如甲基磺草酮、磺草酮、tefuryltrione和tembotrione;苯并呋喃基烷基磺酸酯类除草剂,如呋草黄和乙呋草黄;氨基甲酸酯类除草剂,如黄草灵、carboxazole chlorprocarb、苄胺灵、fenasulam,、特胺灵和特草灵;苯氨甲酸酯类除草剂,如燕麦灵、BCPC、carbasulam、双酰草胺、CEPC、氯草灵、氯苯胺灵、CPPC、甜菜胺、棉胺宁、苯敌草、乙基苯敌草、苯胺灵和灭草灵(swep);环已烯肟类除草剂,如禾草灭、丁苯草酮、烯草酮、cloproxydim、噻草酮、环苯草酮、稀禾定、吡喃草酮和肟草酮;环丙基异恶唑类除草剂如异恶氯草酮和异恶唑草酮;二甲酰亚胺类除草剂,如双苯嘧草酮、乙基吲哚酮草酯、flumezin、氟烯草酸、丙炔氟草胺和炔草胺;二硝基苯胺类除草剂,如氟草胺、地乐胺、敌乐胺、乙丁烯氟灵、氟消草、异乐灵、methalpropalin、甲磺乐灵、氨磺乐灵、二甲戊乐灵、氨氟乐灵、环丙氟灵和氟乐灵;二硝基酚类除草剂如地乐特、丙硝酚、戊硝酚、地乐酚、地乐硝酚、DNOC、硝草酚和地乐施;联苯醚类除草剂如氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen);硝基苯基醚类除草剂,如三氟羧草醚、苯草醚、甲羧除草醚、甲氧除草醚、草枯醚、etnipromid、消草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟除草醚、氟磺胺草醚、呋氧草醚、halosafen、乳氟禾草灵、除草醚(nitrofen)、三氟甲草醚和乙氧氟草醚;二硫代氨基甲酸酯类除草剂,如棉隆和威百亩;卤代脂族除草剂如alorac、茅滴混剂、茅草枯、氟丙酸、六氯丙酮、碘甲烷、溴甲烷、一氯乙酸、SMA和TCA;咪唑啉酮类除草剂如咪草酸、甲氧咪草烟、甲基咪草烟、灭草烟、灭草喹和咪草烟;无机除草剂,如氨基磺酸铵、硼砂、氯化钙、硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、叠氮钾、氰酸钾、叠氮钠、氯化钠和硫酸;腈类除草剂,如bromobonil、溴苯腈、羟敌草腈、敌草腈、iodobonil、碘苯腈和双咪草腈;有机磷类除草剂,如甲基胺草磷、莎裨磷、地散磷、双丙氨酰膦、抑草磷、2,4-DEP、DMPA、EBEP、杀木膦、草铵膦、草甘膦和哌草磷;苯氧基类除草剂,如溴酚肟、裨草胺、2,4-DEB、2,4-DEP、戊味禾草灵、赛松、抑草蓬、etnipromid、fenteracol和精禾草克;苯氧基乙酸类除草剂,如4-CPA、2,4-D、3,4-DA、MCPA、MCPA-硫乙基和2,4,5-T;苯氧基丁酸类除草剂,如4-CPB、2,4-DB、3,4-DB、MCPB和2,4,5-TB;苯氧基丙酸类除草剂,如调果酸、4-CPP、2,4-滴丙酸、精2,4-滴丙酸、3,4-DP、2,4,5-涕丙酸、2-甲-4-氯丙酸和精2-甲-4-氯丙酸;芳氧基苯氧基丙酸类除草剂,如炔禾灵、炔草酯、clofop、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、禾草灵、恶唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、精恶唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、噻唑禾草灵(fenthiaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、精吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、异恶草醚(isoxapyrifop)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)和trifop;苯二胺类除草剂,如氨氟灵(dinitramine)和氨氟乐灵(prodiamine);吡唑基除草剂(pyrazolyl herbicides),如吡草酮(benzofenap)、苄草唑(pyrazolynate)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、pyroxasulfone和苯吡唑草酮(topramezone);吡唑基苯基(pyrazolyiplpietiyl)类除草剂,如异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)和吡草醚(pyraflufen);哒嗪酮(pyridaziiie)类除草剂,如哒草醚(credazine)、哒草福(pyridafol)和哒草特(pyridate);哒嗪酮(pyridazitiotte)类除草剂,如溴杀草敏(brompyrazon)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、dimidazon、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr)、二甲哒草伏、达草灭(norflurazon)、草哒松(oxapyrazon)和pydanon;吡啶(pyridinie)类除草剂,如氯氨吡啶酸、cliodinate、二氯吡啶酸、氟硫草定、氟草烟、氟啶草(haloxydine)、毒莠定、氟吡草胺、氯草定(pyriclor)、噻草啶和绿草定;嘧啶二胺(pyrimidinediamitie)类除草剂,如iprymidam和tioclorim;季铵(quaternary ammonium)类除草剂,如牧草快(cyperquat)、对草快(diethamquat)、野燕枯、敌草快(diquat)、伐草快(morfamquat)和百草枯(paraquat);硫代氨基甲酸酯(thiocarbamate)类除草剂,如苏达灭(butylate)、环草特、燕麦敌(diallate)、EPTC、禾草畏(esprocarb)、抑草威(ethiolate)、isopolinate、杀草丹(methiobencarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、克草猛(pebulate)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(Pyributicarb)、草克死(sulfallate)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、野麦畏(triallate)和灭草猛(vernolate);硫代碳酸酯(thiocarbonate)类除草剂,如草灭散(dimexano)、EXD和扑灭生(proxan);硫脲(thiourea)类除草剂,如灭草恒;三嗪(triazine)类除草剂,如杀草净(dipropetryn)、三嗪氟草胺和三羟基三嗪(Trihydroxytriazine);氯代三嗪(chlorotriazin)类除草剂,如阿特拉津(atrazine)、可乐津(chlorazine)、草净津(cyanazine)、环草津(cyprazine)、甘草津(eglinazine)、抑草津(ipazine)、灭莠津(mesoprazine)、环丙青津(procyazine)、甘扑津(proglinazine)、扑灭津(propazine)、另丁津(sebuthylazine)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)和草达津(trietazine);甲氧基三嗪(methoxytriazine)类杀虫剂,如阿特拉通(atraton)、醚草通(methometon)、扑灭通(prometon)、密草通(secbumeton)、西玛通(simeton)和特丁通(terbumeton);甲基硫代三嗪(methylthiotriazine)类除草剂,如莠灭净(ametryn)、叠氮净(aziprotryne)、氰草净(cyanatryn)、敌草净(desmetryn)、异戊乙净(dimethametryn)、盖草津(methoprotryne)、扑草净(prometryn)、西草净(simetryn)和去草净(terbutryn);三嗪酮(triazinone)类除草剂,如胺嗪酮(ametridione)、胺嗪草酮(amibuzin)、环嗪酮(hexazinone)、丁嗪草酮(isomethiozin)、苯嗪草酮和嗪草酮(metribuzin);三唑(triazole)类除草剂,如杀草强(amitrole)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、三唑磺(epronaz)和氟胺草唑(flupoxam);三唑酮(triazolone)类除草剂,如氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、酰苯草酮(bencarbazone)、唑草酮(carfentrazone)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)和甲基噻吩草酮(thiencarbazone-methyl);三唑并嘧啶(triazolopyrimidine)类除草剂,如氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam)、双氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam);尿嘧啶(uracil)类除草剂,如氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、丁溴啶(bromacil)、氟单丙嘧草酯(flupropacil)、异草定(isocil)、环草定(lenacil)和特草定(terbacil);3-苯基尿嘧啶(3-phenyluracils);脲(urea)类除草剂,如噻草隆除草剂(benzthiazuron)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、环莠隆(cycluron)、氯双脲(dichloralurea)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr)、异草完隆(isonoruron)、爱速隆(isouron)、甲基苄噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、monisouron和草完隆(nowron);苯基脲(phenylurea)类除草剂,如anisuron、播土隆(buturon)、氯溴隆(chlorbromuron)、氯乙隆(chloreturon)、氯麦隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草隆(chloroxuron)、杀草隆(daimuron)、枯莠隆(difenoxuron)、恶唑隆(dimefuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、非草隆(fenuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、氟硫隆(fluothiuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、灭草恒(methiuron)、甲基杀草隆、吡喃隆、秀谷隆、甲氧隆、绿谷隆、灭草隆、草不隆、对氟隆、稀草隆、环草隆、四氟隆和噻苯隆;嘧啶基磺酰基脲(pyrimidinylsulfonylurea)类除草剂,如酰嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺隆、环丙嘧磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、嘧啶磺隆、氟吡磺隆、氟啶嘧磺隆、甲酰胺磺隆、氯吡嘧磺隆、唑吡嘧磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆、烟嘧磺隆、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、环氧嘧磺隆、氟嘧黄隆、吡嘧磺隆、砜嘧磺隆、甲嘧磺隆、磺酰磺隆和三氟啶磺隆;三嗪基磺酰基脲(triazinylsulfonylurea)类除草剂,如氯磺隆、醚磺隆、胺苯黄隆、碘磺隆、甲磺隆、氟磺隆、噻吩磺隆、醚苯磺隆、苯磺隆、氟胺磺隆和三氟甲磺隆;噻二唑基脲(thiadiazolylurea)类除草剂,如丁噻隆、磺噻隆、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、噻氟隆和赛苯隆;以及未分类的除草剂,如丙烯醛、烯丙醇、草芬定、草除灵(benazolin)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、丁硫咪唑酮、氰氨化钙、麦草畏甲酯(cambendichlor)、伐草克(chlorfenac)、燕麦酯、氟咪杀、整形醇、环庚草醚、异恶草松、CPMF、甲酚、邻二氯苯、哌草丹、草藻灭(endothal)、唑啶草、氟啶酮、氟咯草酮、呋草酮、氟噻草酯、茚草酮、灭草定、敌线酯、吡氯草胺、OCH、丙炔恶草酮、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、恶嗪草酮、五氯苯酚、戊基恶唑酮、醋酸苯基汞、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、甲硫磺乐灵、嘧啶肟草醚、环酯草醚、灭藻醌、硫氰苯胺、sulglycapin、噻二唑草胺、灭草环(tridiphane)、三甲隆(trimeturon)、tripropindan和草达克(tritac)。
杀虫剂可被使用或商业销售之前,此组合物经历了各级政府机构的(地方的、地区的、州的、国家的和国际的)长期评估过程。主管机构指定了大量的数据要求,并且必须由产品注册者或代表产品注册者的其它人产生并提交数据来满足这些数据要求。随后,这些政府机构会审核这些数据,且如果得出确定安全的结论,则向潜在用户和/或销售者提供产品注册许可。此后,在授予并支持该产品注册的地区,此用户和/或销售者可使用和/或销售此化合物。
本文所陈述的任何理论、操作原理、证明或发现意指进一步增强对本发明的理解,而并非旨在使本发明以任何方式依赖于此理论、操作原理、证明或发现。应理解,在以上的说明书中使用的词语优选的、优选地或优选指如此描述的特征可能是更可取的,然而该特征可能并不是必须的,并且可以预期,缺少同一特征的具体实施方案仍属于本发明的范围(该范围由权利要求书限定)。在阅读权利要求书时,意图在于,当使用如“一”、“至少一”、“至少部分”的词语时,并不存在将该权利要求仅限制在一个项目的意图,除非在该权利要求中特别作出相反的说明。另外,当使用“至少部分”和/或“部分”的语言时,该项目可包括部分项目和/或整个项目,除非特别做出相反说明。虽然本发明已在说明书附图和之前的说明书中举例说明并详细描述,该说明书附图和说明书被视作说明性的,而并不在字面上限制本发明,应理解,仅有选定的具体实施方案得以显示和描述,而如本文或任何权利要求所限定的属于本发明实质的所有改变、修改和等同物都希望得到保护。
Claims (13)
1.一种组合物,其包含:
具有以下式(I)的化合物:
其中,
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
L代表单键,或R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2代表甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴和R3代表氢;
n在L代表单键时为1,或在R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环时为0;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基;和
促进式(I)化合物的立体化学稳定性的有效量的羧酸。
2.一种组合物,其包含:
具有以下式(I)的化合物:
其中,
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
L代表单键,或R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2代表甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴和R3代表氢;
n在L代表单键时为1,或在R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环时为0;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基;和
以促进式(I)化合物的立体化学稳定性的有效量存在的邻苯二甲酸氢钾或一种有机酸,所述有机酸选自柠檬酸、邻苯二甲酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、马来酸、丙二酸、乳酸和琥珀酸。
3.一种组合物,其包含:
具有以下式(I)的化合物:
其中,
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
L代表单键,或R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2代表甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴和R3代表氢;
n在L代表单键时为1,或在R1、S和L共同代表4-、5-或6-元环时为0;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基;和
一种有机酸或其盐,其中所述有机酸选自柠檬酸、邻苯二甲酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、马来酸、丙二酸、乳酸和琥珀酸;
其中所述有机酸或其盐以促进式(I)化合物的立体化学稳定性的有效量存在。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中L代表单键并且所述化合物包含以下结构:
其中
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
R1代表(C1-C4)烷基;
R2代表甲基、乙基、氟、氯或溴和R3代表氢;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中R1、S和L共同形成5-元环并且n为0,且所述化合物包含以下结构:
其中
X代表NO2、CN或COOR4;
Y代表(C1-C4)卤代烷基、F、Cl、Br或I;和
R4代表(C1-C3)烷基。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的组合物,其中X代表NO2或CN。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的组合物,其中Y代表-CF3。
8.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的组合物,其中R2代表甲基或乙基。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述羧酸选自柠檬酸、邻苯二甲酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、马来酸、丙二酸、乳酸和琥珀酸。。
10.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其进一步包含植物学上可接受的载体。
11.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中所述具有式(I)的化合物具有以下结构:
12.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其进一步包含乙基多杀菌素、多杀菌素和拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的至少一种。
13.一种控制昆虫的方法,该方法包括在需要控制的地点施用昆虫灭活量的根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的组合物。
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WO2010077589A2 (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-07-08 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Office Of Technology Transfer | Stat3 inhibitors and therapeutic methods using the same |
PL2369921T3 (pl) * | 2008-12-26 | 2017-08-31 | Dow Agrosciences, Llc | Stabilne kompozycje sulfoksyiminowych środków owadobójczych |
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