CN104205422B - 电池以及电池包 - Google Patents
电池以及电池包 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104205422B CN104205422B CN201280071358.2A CN201280071358A CN104205422B CN 104205422 B CN104205422 B CN 104205422B CN 201280071358 A CN201280071358 A CN 201280071358A CN 104205422 B CN104205422 B CN 104205422B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- hush panel
- wire
- injection port
- liquid injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 aluminum Gold Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001786 chalcogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium disulfide Chemical compound S=[Ti]=S CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UUAMLBIYJDPGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COCCCOC UUAMLBIYJDPGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002993 LiMnO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015915 LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013292 LiNiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006861 Li—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZFMACRHJXVTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].C(=C)Cl Chemical compound [F].C(=C)Cl LZFMACRHJXVTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCJHLOJKAAQLQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethane Chemical compound CC.CC(O)=O LCJHLOJKAAQLQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006225 ethylene-methyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UTEFBSAVJNEPTR-RGEXLXHISA-N loprazolam Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1\C=C/1C(=O)N2C3=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C3C(C=3C(=CC=CC=3)Cl)=NCC2=N\1 UTEFBSAVJNEPTR-RGEXLXHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003019 loprazolam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- YTBWYQYUOZHUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxocobalt;oxonickel Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Ni]=O YTBWYQYUOZHUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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- H01M50/193—Organic material
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
- H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
- H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
- H01M50/645—Plugs
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
- H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
- H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
- H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的实施方式提供一种电池，其包含容器、电极群、电解液、封口板、端子、注液口、密封栓、引线和挤压构件。电极群收纳于容器内，并且包含正极和负极。电解液收纳于容器内。封口板配置于容器的开口部。端子配置于封口板上。注液口在封口板上开口形成。密封栓堵塞封口板的注液口，由弹性材料形成。引线将电极群的正极或负极与端子电连接。挤压构件与引线一体化，并且将密封栓挤压至封口板。
Description
技术领域
本发明的实施方式涉及电池以及电池包。
背景技术
近年来，正在快速普及的混合动力电动汽车、插入式电动汽车等电动汽车的电源主要使用了能够充放电的长方体形的非水电解质电池，例如锂离子电池。锂离子电池是将电极群和非水电解质收纳于铝或铝合金制的呈长方体形的壳体中而构成的，所述电极群是隔着隔膜将正极和负极卷绕或叠层而成的。
就锂离子电池的制造工序中的注液而言，是在将壳体内减压后进行电解液的注液，但当注液量比壳体内的空隙容积大时，电解液会含浸在电极群中，由此电解液全部量进入壳体内需要较长时间。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2006-331828号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2007-59145号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明所要解决的课题在于：提供能够缩短注液时间的电池以及电池包。
用于解决课题的手段
实施方式提供一种电池，其包含容器、电极群、电解液、封口板、端子、注液口、密封栓、引线和挤压构件。电极群收纳于容器内，并且包含正极和负极。电解液收纳于容器内。封口板配置于容器的开口部。端子配置于封口板上。注液口在封口板上开口形成。密封栓堵塞封口板的注液口，由弹性材料形成。引线将电极群的正极或负极与端子电连接。挤压构件与引线一体化，并且将密封栓挤压至封口板。
附图说明
图1是表示对第1实施方式的电池进行注液前的状态的立体展开图。
图2是从下方观察图1所示的电池时的局部立体展开图。
图3是用于图1所示的电池的电极群的局部立体展开图。
图4是图1所示的电池的正极端子、封口板和正极引线的剖视图。
图5是图1所示的电池的上方透视图。
图6是图1所示的电池的注液口附近的剖视图。
图7是在图1所示的电池中工作销正在工作的状态的注液口附近的剖视图。
图8是第1实施方式的电池的立体图。
图9是第1实施方式的其它电池的上方透视图。
图10是第1实施方式的其它电池的正极端子、封口板和正极引线的剖视图。
图11是表示第2实施方式的电池包的电路的框图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图对实施方式进行说明。
(第1实施方式)
图1所示的电池是注液工序前的密闭型的方形非水电解质电池。电池具有作为容器的外装罐1、安装于外装罐1的开口部的封口板2和设置于封口板2上的正负极端子3、4。外装罐1具有有底方筒形状。如图1和图2所示，扁平形电极群5收纳于外装罐1内。电解液(未图示)收容于外装罐1内，含浸在扁平形电极群5中。
如图3所示，扁平形电极群5是通过将正极6和负极7在它们之间隔着隔膜8卷绕成扁平状而得到的。正极6包含例如由金属箔形成的带状的正极集电体、由正极集电体的与长边平行的一端部形成的正极集电极耳6a和至少形成于除去正极集电极耳6a部分的正极集电体上的正极活性物质层6b。另一方面，负极7包含例如由金属箔形成的带状的负极集电体、由负极集电体的与长边平行的一端部形成的负极集电极耳7a和至少形成于除去负极集电极耳7a部分的负极集电体上的负极活性物质层7b。
对于这样的正极6、隔膜8和负极7，错开正极6和负极7的位置而进行卷绕，以使得正极集电极耳6a沿电极群的卷绕轴方向从隔膜8突出，并且负极集电极耳7a沿其相反方向从隔膜8突出。通过这样卷绕，电极群5如图3所示，以漩涡状卷绕而成的正极集电极耳6a从一个端面突出，并且以漩涡状卷绕而成的负极集电极耳7a从另一个端面突出。
如图1和图2所示，正极引线9具有用于与正极端子3电连接的连接板9a、在连接板9a上开口形成的贯通孔9b和由连接板9a分叉成两股并向下方延伸出来的条状的集电部9c。正极引线9的集电部9c在它们之间夹持电极群5的正极集电极耳6a，通过焊接而与正极集电极耳6a电连接。另一方面，负极引线10具有用于与负极端子4电连接的连接板10a、在连接板10a上开口形成的贯通孔10b和由连接板10a分叉成两股并向下方延伸出来的条状的集电部10c。负极引线10的集电部10c在它们之间夹持电极群5的负极集电极耳7a，通过焊接而与负极集电极耳7a电连接。将正负极引线9、10与正负极集电极耳6a、7a电连接的方法没有特别限定，例如可以列举出超声波焊接、激光焊接等焊接。
电极防护罩(electrode guard)11具有覆盖正负极集电极耳6a、7a的端面的侧板11a和为了覆盖正负极集电极耳6a、7a的最外周而以U字形弯曲而成的侧板11b。对于电极防护罩11的上端而言，由于从此处插入电极群5，因此是开放的。电极群5的正极集电极耳6a以焊接有正极引线9的集电部9c的状态被电极防护罩11所被覆。正极引线9的连接板9a位于电极防护罩11的上方。另一方面，电极群5的负极集电极耳7a以焊接有负极引线10的集电部10c的状态被电极防护罩11所被覆。负极引线10的连接板10a位于电极防护罩11的上方。两个电极防护罩11通过绝缘胶带12而与电极群5固定。
如图1、图2和图8所示，封口板2为矩形板状。封口板2具有用于安装正负极端子3、4的贯通孔13a、13b、位于封口板2的中央附近的安全阀14以及位于贯通孔13a与安全阀14之间的注液口15。绝缘板16具有两个凹部16a。另外，绝缘板16具有与封口板2的贯通孔13a、13b连通的贯通孔、在与安全阀14相对置的部位开口形成的排气孔16b以及与封口板2的注液口15连通的贯通孔。绝缘板16配置于封口板2的背面。绝缘板16的一个凹部16a与正极引线9的连接板9a连接，另一个凹部16a内收纳负极引线10的连接板10a。
正负极端子3、4分别具有矩形板状的突起部3a、4a和从突起部3a、4a延伸出来的轴部3b、4b。另外，绝缘垫圈17具有插入正负极端子3、4的轴部3b、4b的贯通孔17a。如图4所示，正极端子3的轴部3b插入绝缘垫圈17的贯通孔17a、封口板2的贯通孔13a、绝缘板16的贯通孔、正极引线9的连接板9a的贯通孔9b中，从而被这些构件铆接固定。由此，正极端子3经由正极引线9而与正极集电极耳6a电连接。另一方面，负极端子4的轴部4b插入绝缘垫圈17的贯通孔17a、封口板2的贯通孔13b、绝缘板16的贯通孔、负极引线10的连接板10a的贯通孔10b中，从而被这些构件铆接固定。由此，负极端子4经由负极引线10而与负极集电极耳7a电连接。
如图1和图2所示，密封栓18具有圆柱形状，并且由弹性材料形成。弹性材料优选具有耐电解液性，例如可以列举出EPDM橡胶等。另外，密封栓18的形状并不限于圆柱形状，可以根据注液口15的形状而变更。如图4和图6所示，密封栓18从封口板2的背面堵塞注液口15。就正极引线9的连接板9a的前端部分而言，在其与封口板2之间夹持密封栓18，并将密封栓18向封口板2挤压。即，正极引线9的连接板9a的前端部分作为将密封栓18挤压至封口板2的挤压构件起作用。作为挤压构件，可以将与引线相同的构件直接延长来进行使用，也可以使由铝合金或不锈钢等具有耐电解液性的金属形成的挤压构件与引线复合。正负极引线9、10例如可以由铝、铝合金形成。在将与引线相同的构件直接延长而得到的构件用作挤压构件的情况下，挤压构件可以由铝、铝合金形成。
这里，对正负极的活性物质、隔膜、非水电解液、容器、封口板和电极防护罩进行说明。
正极活性物质没有特别限定，可以列举出各种氧化物，例如含锂的钴氧化物(例如LiCoO2)、二氧化锰、锂锰复合氧化物(例如LiMn2O4、LiMnO2)、含锂的镍氧化物(例如LiNiO2)、含锂的镍钴氧化物(例如LiNi0.8Co0.2O2)、含锂的铁氧化物、含锂的钒氧化物、二硫化钛、二硫化钼等硫属化合物等。
负极活性物质没有特别限定，例如可以列举出石墨质材料或碳质材料(例如石墨、焦炭、碳纤维、球状碳、热分解气相碳质物、树脂煅烧体等)、硫属化合物(例如二硫化钛、二硫化钼、硒化铌等)、轻金属(例如铝、铝合金、镁合金、锂、锂合金等)、锂钛氧化物(例如尖晶石型的钛酸锂)等。
隔膜没有特别限定，例如可以使用微多孔性的膜、织布、无纺布、它们中相同材料或不同材料的叠层物等。作为形成隔膜的材料，可以列举出聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、纤维素等。
非水电解液通过使电解质(例如锂盐)溶解于非水溶剂中来制备。非水溶剂例如可以列举出碳酸亚乙酯(EC)、碳酸亚丙酯(PC)、碳酸亚丁酯(BC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸乙甲酯(EMC)、γ-丁内酯(γ-BL)、环丁砜、乙腈、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,3-二甲氧基丙烷、二甲醚、四氢呋喃(THF)、2-甲基四氢呋喃等。非水溶剂可以单独使用，也可以将两种以上混合使用。电解质例如可以列举出高氯酸锂(LiClO4)、六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)、四氟硼酸锂(LiBF4)、六氟砷酸锂(LiAsF6)、三氟甲烷磺酸锂(LiCF3SO3)等锂盐。电解质可以单独使用，也可以将两种以上混合使用。电解质对于非水溶剂的溶解量优选为0.2mol/L～3mol/L。若电解质的浓度过低，则有时无法得到充分的离子导电性。而若过高，则有时无法完全溶解于溶剂中。
容器和封口板的材料例如可以使用铝、铝合金、铁(Fe)、镀了镍(Ni)的铁、不锈钢(SUS)等。在由铝或铝合金形成正负极端子3、4的情况下，正负极引线9、10可以使用铝或铝合金。
作为用于电极防护罩的树脂，只要是难以被电解液侵蚀的树脂就可以使用任何树脂，例如可以使用聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酰基丙烯酸酯共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、离聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚偏氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚苯醚、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚四氟乙烯等，上述树脂可以单独使用一种，而且也可以将两种以上混合使用。其中，优选使用聚丙烯或聚乙烯。
根据以上进行了说明的结构，如图6所示，在封口板2的注液口15与正极引线9的连接板9a之间配置有由弹性材料形成的密封栓18。在进行非水电解液的注液时，从注液口15插入工作销19，以工作销19将密封栓18压入下方，并在注液口15的周围与密封栓18之间设置间隙。若以该状态向注液口15插入注液喷嘴，并且在从注液喷嘴施加压力的同时注入非水电解液，则容器因加压而膨胀，从而容器内的空隙体积增加，因此可以促进非水电解液向电极群5含浸。即，可以利用容器的膨胀来进行加压注液，因此能够以短时间注入全部量的电解液。之后，若将工作销19提升，则能够在维持容器内的加压状态的情况下进行密封，因此能够防止从注液口取下注液喷嘴时电解液倒喷，能够以短时间来进行注液。
若在不具有密封栓的结构中，以加压状态进行注液，并且在电解液含浸在电极群中之前从注液口取下注液喷嘴，则会因容器内外的压力差而引起电解液倒喷。
注液后，如图8所示，优选通过焊接将圆盘状的密封盖20与封口板2的表面固定，用密封盖20堵塞注液口15。由此，注液口15被密封栓18和密封盖20所密封，因此能够提高电池的气密性。密封盖20例如可以由铝、铝合金、铁(Fe)、镀了镍(Ni)的铁、不锈钢(SUS)等形成。
另外，图5中，使正极引线9的连接板9a与封口板2的长边平行地延伸出来，但连接板9a的形状不限于此，也可以例如如图9所示，将连接板9a垂直弯折，与封口板2的短边平行地延伸出来。若为这样的结构，则可以缩短正极引线9的连接板9a的长度，因此能够将正极引线9的制作成本抑制得较低。
另外，图4中，正极引线9的连接板9a使用了矩形板，但连接板9a的形状不限于此，可以例如如图10所示，设置高低差。
图4、10中，在正极引线9的连接板9a上形成了挤压构件，但不限于此，也可以在负极引线10的连接板10a上形成挤压构件。
根据以上进行了说明的第1实施方式，在封口板的注液口与引线的挤压构件之间配置有由弹性材料形成的密封栓。在进行非水电解液的注液时，将密封栓压入引线一侧，在打开注液口后，在施加压力的同时从注液口注入非水电解液。若容器因加压而膨胀，则可以使容器内的空隙容积大于注液量，因此能够以短时间注入全部量的电解液。注液后，若解除对密封栓所施加的挤压力，则引线的挤压构件将密封栓挤压至封口板，因此能够在维持容器内的加压状态的情况下对容器内进行密封。由此，可以防止解除注液时施加的压力时电解液倒喷。另外，加压状态作用于将密封栓挤压至注液口的方向，因此能够进一步提高密封压力。综上所述，能够缩短注液时间以及缩短含浸时间。
(第2实施方式)
第2实施方式提供包含非水电解质电池的电池包。非水电解质电池使用第1实施方式的非水电解质电池。电池包中包含的非水电解质电池(单电池)的数量可以为一个或多个。在具备多个单电池的情况下，各单电池以电串联或电并联连接。
参照图11对这样的电池包进行详细说明。组电池22包含多个单电池21。多个单电池21相互以电串联连接。正极侧引线23与组电池22的正极端子连接，其前端插入正极侧连接器24而进行电连接。负极侧引线25与组电池22的负极端子连接，其前端插入负极侧连接器26而进行电连接。这些连接器24、26通过配线27、28而与保护电路29连接。
热敏电阻30对单电池21的温度进行检测，其检测信号被发送到保护电路29。保护电路29在特定条件下可以截断保护电路29与向外部设备通电的通电用端子31之间的正侧配线32a及负侧配线32b。特定条件是指例如热敏电阻30的检测温度达到特定温度以上时。另外，特定条件是指检测出单电池21过充电、过放电、过电流等时。该过充电等的检测对各个单电池21或者单电池21整体进行。在检测各个单电池21的情况下，可以检测电池电压，也可以检测正极电位或负极电位。在后者的情况下，在各个单电池21中插入作为参考电极使用的锂电极。在图6的情况下，使各个单电池21与用于检测电压的配线33连接，检测信号通过这些配线33被发送至保护电路29。
图11中示出了将单电池21串联连接而成的方式，为了增大电池容量，也可以并联连接。还可以将组装好的电池包串联、并联连接。
另外，电池包的形态可以根据用途适宜变更。作为电池包的用途，优选期望大电流特性下的循环特性。具体来说，可以列举出数码照相机的电源用、二轮至四轮的混合动力电动车、二轮至四轮的电动车、助力自行车等车载用。特别优选车载用。
根据以上进行了详细说明的第2实施方式的电池包，由于包含第1实施方式的电池，因此能够缩短注液时间以及缩短含浸时间。
对本发明的几个实施方式进行了说明，但这些实施方式是作为例子所列举的，并不意味着对发明的范围进行限定。这些新实施方式也可以用其他各种方式来实施，可以在不超出发明主旨的范围内进行各种省略、置换、变更。这些实施方式以及其变形均包含在发明的范围和主旨中，并且包含在权利要求书所述的发明及其等同的范围内。
符号说明
1外装罐、2封口板、3正极端子、4负极端子、5电极群、6正极、6a正极集电极耳、6b含正极活性物质层、7负极、7a负极集电极耳、7b含负极活性物质层、8隔膜、9正极引线、9a连接板、9b贯通孔、9c正极集电部、10负极引线、10a连接板、10b贯通孔、10c负极集电部、11电极防护罩、12绝缘胶带、14安全阀、15注液口、16绝缘板、17绝缘垫圈、18密封栓、19工作销、20密封盖、21单电池、22组电池、29保护电路、30热敏电阻。
Claims (5)
1.一种电池，其特征在于，其包含容器、电极群、电解液、封口板、端子、注液口、密封栓、引线和挤压构件，
所述电极群收纳于所述容器内，并且包含正极和负极，
所述电解液收纳于所述容器内，
所述封口板配置于所述容器的开口部，
所述端子配置于所述封口板上，
所述注液口在所述封口板上开口形成，
所述密封栓堵塞所述封口板的所述注液口，由弹性材料形成，
所述引线将所述电极群的所述正极或所述负极与所述端子电连接，
所述挤压构件与所述引线一体化，并且将所述密封栓挤压至所述封口板，
所述密封栓配置于所述封口板的所述注液口与所述挤压构件之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述挤压构件由与所述引线相同的材料形成。
3.如权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述引线具有固定所述端子的连接板，所述连接板兼作所述挤压构件。
4.如权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述挤压构件由铝或铝合金形成。
5.一种电池包，其特征在于，其包含权利要求1～4中任一项所述的电池。
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| WO2017098690A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-15 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | 電池 |
| US11522191B2 (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2022-12-06 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery, battery pack and vehicle |
| JP6629110B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2020-01-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池、電池パックおよび車両 |
| CN109891635B (zh) * | 2016-10-24 | 2022-02-18 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 方形二次电池 |
| CN108336283B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-02-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | 一种超大容量单体电池及其制备方法 |
| DE102018221988A1 (de) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Audi Ag | Batteriegehäuse zur Aufnahme eines Batteriemoduls, Batteriemodulanordnung, Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Wärmeleitelements in ein Batteriegehäuse |
| CN111106300B (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2021-05-11 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池单元及电池模组 |
| US11121408B2 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2021-09-14 | Medtronic, Inc. | Lithium-ion battery |
| CN111029488B (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-07-30 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 二次电池 |
| CN111029489B (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-08-17 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 二次电池 |
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| JP4898138B2 (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2012-03-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 電池内圧自動調整機構を備えた非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP5473183B2 (ja) | 2005-05-26 | 2014-04-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
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| US8227111B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2012-07-24 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Secondary battery having electrolyte sealing plug |
| KR100951906B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-19 | 2010-04-09 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 캡 조립체 및 이를 구비하는 이차 전지 |
| JP2010021027A (ja) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 密閉型電池 |
| JP2011086382A (ja) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-28 | Toshiba Corp | 密閉形電池 |
| WO2012023434A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-02-23 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | 蓄電素子の製造方法及び蓄電素子 |
| JP5672863B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-27 | 2015-02-18 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | 電池 |
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| EP2827409A1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| JP5823604B2 (ja) | 2015-11-25 |
| WO2013136444A1 (ja) | 2013-09-19 |
| US20140377640A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
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| EP2827409B1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
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