CN104171743A - Feed additives for broiler chicken and preparation method of feed additives - Google Patents
Feed additives for broiler chicken and preparation method of feed additives Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of feed and in particular relates to feed additives for broiler chicken and a preparation method of the feed additives. According to the invention, astragalus has the effects of regulating blood sugar, resisting oxidation, resisting aging, resisting tumors, enhancing the immunity of the organism, improving the blood circulation and nutritional status and regulating the metabolic capability of the organism; an active ingredient of cinnamon is volatile oil, and the cinnamon has an effect of inhibiting bacterial infection. The astragalus, cinnamon and vitamin C are prepared into active agents, the immunity of beasts and birds is improved, the effects of the feed additives can be greatly improved, and growth of broilers is promoted. The feed additive takes dried tangerine or orange peel as a main drug and takes pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, eucommia ulmoides and Poria cocos as auxiliary drugs, the main drug and the auxiliary drugs are combined with each other, growth of the broilers is greatly promoted, and the immunity of the broilers is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, be specifically related to a kind of feed additive for chickens and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Intensive farm broiler chicken, its survival rate depends on effective disease and controls.Cause pathogeny imcrobe infection is to cause the most important reason of poultry disease, pathogenic microorganism is of a great variety, but from polluting the microbe species of animal food, most important pathogen is salmonella and Escherichia coli, by salmonella, the ill event of the e. coli contamination food initiation mankind, has been subject to the public and has been paid attention to.For a long time, in breeding production, control salmonella, coli-infection and mainly rely on use antibiotic.Antibiotic antibacterial remarkable with antibacterial effect, since it is found that the growth promoting function of animal, be widely used in feed always, with balance animal enteric microorganism flora, suppress pathogenic entero becteria, strengthen immunity of organisms, improve production performance.Yet antibiotic, since using, because it is residual and drug resistance, has extremely been disputed on always; In addition, antibiotic abuse also can cause intestinal microecology disorder and insecondary immunosupress.Hong Kong the first NDM-1 superbug carrier's in 2009 discovery, has had and has further understood and be familiar with antibiotic drug resistance, and its result of use is also queried deeply.From the eighties in last century, started to forbid that antibiotic is as feed addictive, 2006, European Union completely forbade and in aquaculture, uses antibiotic, and many countries also start to limit the use of or forbid antibiotic gradually.The Andreas Heddini that Sweden infectious disease is controlled research institute once warned, if the impetus of abuse of antibiotics can not effectively be contained, the mankind probably will return to the front antibiotic epoch.Given this, change send out safety, green feed addictive has become the inexorable trend of animal husbandry development with substitute antibiotics.
In recent years, Chinese herbal medicine is with low cost with it, pure natural property, multifunctionality, toxic and side effect are little, have no drug resistance and the distinct advantages such as low-residual, have the double action of nutrition and health care concurrently, can be used as antibiotic substitute, caused the vast herding worker's of China very big concern.Modern medicine study shows, Chinese herbal medicine has enhancing immunity of organisms, promotes animal growth, improves the functions such as efficiency of feed utilization and carcass quality.But up to now,, for promoting growth of meat chicken, improve the pure green feed additive of immunity of meat chickens seldom.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of feed additive for chickens and preparation method thereof, can improve broiler growth speed, prevention broiler chicken enteritis, improve Mucosal Immunity power, effectively solve the bacterium existing in feeding of broiler and infected and the excessive problem of antibiotic.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme to be: a kind of feed additive for chickens, described feed addictive is by dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, activating agent and water are made, and the mass percent of preparing required each component of feed addictive is respectively dried orange peel 20%-30%, pine needle 15%-20%, ginkgo leaf 5%-8%, garlic 4%-7%, mother chrysanthemum 3%-6%, hawthorn 1%-3%, bark of eucommia 1%-2%, Poria cocos 0.5%-2%, activating agent 25.5%-42%, surplus is water, described activating agent is by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C are made, and the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and ascorbic mass ratio are 20:20:1.
The preparation method of described feed additive for chickens, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cleaning
It is that the ultrasonic cleaner of 22kHz cleans that dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, the Radix Astragali and cassia bark are put into respectively to frequency, takes out after cleaning 3-5min, standby;
The preparation of step 2, activating agent
1. the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali and cassia bark being pressed to 1:1 mixes and pulverizes, and crosses afterwards 50 mesh sieves, makes mixture I, standby;
2. the mass ratio of mixture I and vitamin C being pressed to 40:1 mixes, and makes mixture II, and the Rotary Evaporators of afterwards mixture II being put into temperature and be 55 ℃ is concentrated, until solid content reaches 14 ° of Brix, makes activating agent;
Step 3, pulverizing
By the mass percent of described each component, take each component, and dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos are placed in respectively to temperature is that the baking oven of 65 ℃ is dried, pulverize afterwards and cross 40 mesh sieves, it is that 0.095MPa, temperature are the dry 1h of vacuum desiccator of 65 ℃ that each component after pulverizing is placed in respectively to vacuum, afterwards dried each component being put into respectively to high-frequency vibration mill pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 22 μ m, standby;
Step 4, allotment
Each component after pulverizing is mixed and stirred with activating agent and water and make feed additive for chickens.
The effect of each component in the present invention: the Radix Astragali has the blood sugar of adjusting, anti-oxidant, anti-ageing, antitumor, enhancing body immunity, improves blood circulation and nutrition condition, regulates the effects such as metabolic capability of body; The active ingredient of cassia bark is volatile oil, and it has the effect that anti-bacteria infects.Dried orange peel has the intestines and stomach of adjusting, promotion absorption, inflammation-inhibiting, regulating lipid metabolism, inhibition lipid peroxidation, regulates the effects such as blood sugar and Antifungi, and dried orange peel is main ingredient.Pine needle is rich in the materials such as amino acid, vitamin and various trace elements, flavones, ester class and sterols, there is stimulating animal appetite, promote growth of animal, Nutrients Digestion to absorb and metabolism, improve efficiency of feed utilization, improve meat and improve the effects such as immunity of organisms; The main active ingredient of ginkgo leaf is flavones, it has protection capillary permeability, reduces serum cholesterol, improves cardiovascular and cerebrovascular circulation, antibacterial, remove free radical, the effect such as anti-oxidant; The active ingredient garlic oil of garlic, is the general name of sulfur-containing compound, have antibacterial, antibacterial, improve feed quality, promote growth, activate gastrointestinal mucosa, protection intestines and stomach, promote appetite, accelerate digestion, improve meat and improve the effects such as immunity; That mother chrysanthemum has is anti-infective, antibacterial, strengthen the effects such as immunity of organisms, treatment enteritis and removing toxic substances; The active ingredient of hawthorn be a kind of be the compound of Vitexin, have anti-cancer, anticancer inhibition aflatoxins, aid digestion, promote the effects such as gastric secretion; The bark of eucommia contains a small amount of protein, can be hydrolyzed and detect the necessary amino acid of body, and contain a large amount of mineral elements, have and regulate cellular material metabolism, regulating lipid metabolism, broad-spectrum antiseptic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, raising cellular immunity, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and gastric secretion, anti-ly stress wait effect; Poria cocos is containing compositions such as β-pachyman, chitin, protein, sterol, lecithin, have anticancer, antitumor, antibacterial, prevent meronecrosis, strengthen the effects such as immunity; These medicines are adjutant; Main ingredient, adjutant share, and can promote growth of animals or poultry, can improve immunity of livestock again.
beneficial effect
Feed additive for chickens of the present invention, by the mutual proportioning of various pointed Chinese medicines, learns from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, collaborative mutually, has good diseases prevention, disease-resistant, promotion growth, improves immunity of meat chickens, and without any side effects.Specifically comprise several aspects:
One, the Radix Astragali in the present invention has the blood sugar of adjusting, anti-oxidant, anti-ageing, antitumor, enhancing body immunity, improve blood circulation and nutrition condition, regulate the effects such as metabolic capability of body, the active ingredient of cassia bark is volatile oil, and it has the effect that anti-bacteria infects; The present invention, by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C are made to activating agent, when improving immunity of livestock, can also improve the effect of feed addictive greatly, promotes growth of meat chicken.
Two, the present invention be take dried orange peel as main ingredient, take pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos as adjuvant, and main and adjuvant combines, and has greatly promoted the growth of broiler chicken, has improved the immunity of broiler chicken simultaneously.
Three, the raw material in the present invention is easy to get, and preparation is simple, and production cost is lower, and effect extensively, safe, remarkable benefit.
Four,, by the combination of various Chinese herbal medicines, can significantly improve meat chicken production performance, improve intestinal health, improve immunity of organisms.Meanwhile, this product has the features such as fast, utilization rate is high, interpolation is convenient that absorb, and therefore has broad application prospects.
The specific embodiment
A kind of feed additive for chickens, described feed addictive is by dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, activating agent and water are made, and the mass percent of preparing required each component of feed addictive is respectively dried orange peel 20%-30%, pine needle 15%-20%, ginkgo leaf 5%-8%, garlic 4%-7%, mother chrysanthemum 3%-6%, hawthorn 1%-3%, bark of eucommia 1%-2%, Poria cocos 0.5%-2%, activating agent 25.5%-42%, surplus is water, described activating agent is by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C are made, and the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and ascorbic mass ratio are 20:20:1.
The preparation method of described feed additive for chickens, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cleaning
It is that the ultrasonic cleaner of 22kHz cleans that dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, the Radix Astragali and cassia bark are put into respectively to frequency, takes out after cleaning 3-5min, standby;
The preparation of step 2, activating agent
1. the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali and cassia bark being pressed to 1:1 mixes and pulverizes, and crosses afterwards 50 mesh sieves, makes mixture I, standby;
2. the mass ratio of mixture I and vitamin C being pressed to 40:1 mixes, and makes mixture II, and the Rotary Evaporators of afterwards mixture II being put into temperature and be 55 ℃ is concentrated, until solid content reaches 14 ° of Brix, makes activating agent;
Step 3, pulverizing
By the mass percent of described each component, take each component, and dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos are placed in respectively to temperature is that the baking oven of 65 ℃ is dried, pulverize afterwards and cross 40 mesh sieves, it is that 0.095MPa, temperature are the dry 1h of vacuum desiccator of 65 ℃ that each component after pulverizing is placed in respectively to vacuum, afterwards dried each component being put into respectively to high-frequency vibration mill pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 22 μ m, standby;
Step 4, allotment
Each component after pulverizing is mixed and stirred with activating agent and water and make feed additive for chickens.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of feed additive for chickens, described feed addictive is made by dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, activating agent and water, and it is water that the mass percent of preparing required each component of feed addictive is respectively dried orange peel 20%, pine needle 15%, ginkgo leaf 5%, garlic 4%, mother chrysanthemum 3%, hawthorn 1%, the bark of eucommia 1%, Poria cocos 0.5%, activating agent 25.5%, surplus, described activating agent is made by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C, and the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and ascorbic mass ratio are 20:20:1.
The preparation method of described feed additive for chickens, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cleaning
It is that the ultrasonic cleaner of 22kHz cleans that dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, the Radix Astragali and cassia bark are put into respectively to frequency, takes out after cleaning 3-5min, standby;
The preparation of step 2, activating agent
1. the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali and cassia bark being pressed to 1:1 mixes and pulverizes, and crosses afterwards 50 mesh sieves, makes mixture I, standby;
2. the mass ratio of mixture I and vitamin C being pressed to 40:1 mixes, and makes mixture II, and the Rotary Evaporators of afterwards mixture II being put into temperature and be 55 ℃ is concentrated, until solid content reaches 14 ° of Brix, makes activating agent;
Step 3, pulverizing
By the mass percent of described each component, take each component, and dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos are placed in respectively to temperature is that the baking oven of 65 ℃ is dried, pulverize afterwards and cross 40 mesh sieves, it is that 0.095MPa, temperature are the dry 1h of vacuum desiccator of 65 ℃ that each component after pulverizing is placed in respectively to vacuum, afterwards dried each component being put into respectively to high-frequency vibration mill pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 22 μ m, standby;
Step 4, allotment
Each component after pulverizing is mixed and stirred with activating agent and water and make feed additive for chickens.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of feed additive for chickens, described feed addictive is made by dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, activating agent and water, and it is water that the mass percent of preparing required each component of feed addictive is respectively dried orange peel 30%, pine needle 20%, ginkgo leaf 8%, garlic 7%, mother chrysanthemum 6%, hawthorn 3%, the bark of eucommia 2%, Poria cocos 2%, activating agent 42%, surplus, described activating agent is made by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C, and the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and ascorbic mass ratio are 20:20:1.
The preparation method of described feed additive for chickens, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cleaning
It is that the ultrasonic cleaner of 22kHz cleans that dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, the Radix Astragali and cassia bark are put into respectively to frequency, takes out after cleaning 3-5min, standby;
The preparation of step 2, activating agent
1. the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali and cassia bark being pressed to 1:1 mixes and pulverizes, and crosses afterwards 50 mesh sieves, makes mixture I, standby;
2. the mass ratio of mixture I and vitamin C being pressed to 40:1 mixes, and makes mixture II, and the Rotary Evaporators of afterwards mixture II being put into temperature and be 55 ℃ is concentrated, until solid content reaches 14 ° of Brix, makes activating agent;
Step 3, pulverizing
By the mass percent of described each component, take each component, and dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos are placed in respectively to temperature is that the baking oven of 65 ℃ is dried, pulverize afterwards and cross 40 mesh sieves, it is that 0.095MPa, temperature are the dry 1h of vacuum desiccator of 65 ℃ that each component after pulverizing is placed in respectively to vacuum, afterwards dried each component being put into respectively to high-frequency vibration mill pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 22 μ m, standby;
Step 4, allotment
Each component after pulverizing is mixed and stirred with activating agent and water and make feed additive for chickens.
Test 1
Choose 120 of the broiler chicken that upgrowth situation is close, be divided into tri-groups of A, B, C, wherein A group is used feed addictive of the present invention, and B group is used the present invention except the feed addictive after deactivators, and C group is not added feed addictive.Every a upgrowth situation of 7 days records.
After 1 month, growth result is: A group average weight gain 1800g, does not have sufferer phenomenon; B group average weight gain 1300g, has 1 broiler chicken ill; C group average weight gain 700g, has 4-5 broiler chicken ill.
Result shows: feed addictive of the present invention has promoted the growth of broiler chicken greatly, and the activating agent in feed addictive played great facilitation, shows that feed addictive of the present invention has raising immunity of organisms simultaneously, reduces the effect of illness rate.
Test 2
To carrying out the pilot survey of growth performance according to the Chinese herbal feed additive of the embodiment of the present invention 2 proportionings:
360 1 aa broiler chicken are selected in test, are divided at random 6 groups, every group of 6 repetitions, and each repeats 10.
Test is grouped as follows:
Do not attack poison for the 1st group, the basal diet of feeding, is control group
Attack poison for the 2nd group, the basal diet of feeding, is infected group
Attack poison for the 3rd group, basal diet+50mg/kg Bacitracin Zinc of feeding, is antibiotic group
Attack poison for the 4th group, basal diet+0.5% Chinese herbal feed additive of feeding, is low dose group
Attack poison for the 5th group, basal diet+1% Chinese herbal feed additive of feeding, is middle dosage group
Attack poison for the 6th group, basal diet+1.5% Chinese herbal feed additive of feeding, is high dose group
Test Diet Formula and trophic level are in Table 1, and testing material is mash feed.
Daily ration is with reference to national research council (NRC) 1994 standard preparations.Ration ingredient and trophic level are in Table 1, and Diet Types is corn-soybean meal diet.
Table 1 basal feed formula and trophic level table (air bells dry basis)
Table 1 Compodition and nutritive value of broiler diets on fed basis(air dry basis) %
Table 1 basal feed formula and trophic level table
Table 1 Formulation and calculated composition of broiler diets, on fed basis
Premix formulation is: premix provides Premix provided following per kg of diet for every kilogram of daily ration: iron, 60mg; Copper, 7.5mg; Zinc, 65mg; Manganese, 110mg; Iodine, 1.1mg; Selenium, 0.4mg; Vitamin A, 4500IU; Neo dohyfral D3,1000IU; 20mg; Vitamin K, 1.3 mg; Vitamin B1,2.2mg; Vitamin B2,10 mg; Vitamin B3,10mg; Choline, 400mg; Vitamin B5,50mg; Pyridoxamine, 4mg; Biotin, 0.04mg; VB11,1mg; Cobalamin, 1.013mg.
Trophic level is calculated value.Nutrient levels were the calculated values
Test provides with feeding of broiler family, AA Luoyang, henan Xinan County, body weight difference remarkable (
p>0.05).Attack malicious white diarrhea salmonella used and be purchased from national veterinary microorganism DSMZ, numbering CVCC533(C79-13).
37 ℃ of cultivation white diarrhea salmonellas are early stage to logarithmic phase, are placed in refrigerated centrifuge with the centrifugal 10min of 6000r/min.Abandon supernatant, resuspended with sterile saline, make and attack malicious Bacteria suspension.At 3 ages in days, 2-6 group broiler chicken is carried out to every 4 * 10
4cFU fills with to feed and infects.The 1st group of control group replaces with sterile saline.
Before test, young bird house and utensil are rinsed and the sterilization of caustic soda water spray, then use formalin and potassium permanganate (every 1 m
3add 30 mL formalin, 15 g potassium permanganate) stifling 12 h, purify after one week and start to test.Test chicken adopts and raises in cages, free choice feeding and drinking-water, and feeding is followed few diligent principle of adding of feeding.1-14 age in days temperature is controlled at 32-34 ℃, lowers weekly 2 ℃ to 26 ℃ later.1-3 d adopts 24 h illumination, and 4-20 d adopts 18 h illumination, after be down to gradually 12 h.Clean hen house every day, periodic cleaning drinking water pipeline, and ventilation in time, guarantee that in hen house, environmental sanitation is good.Immunity routinely program is carried out.Timing feeding feed, twice of every day.In test, observe chicken group's the state of mind, record test chicken feed intake and the death condition of every day.
Tested in September, 2013 and carry out, 21 days by a definite date.Raising place is University Of Science and Technology Of He'nan's Animal Science And Technology Animal House.
When test broiler chicken 4 ages in days, 7 ages in days, 14 ages in days, 21 age in days, from every group of every repetition, get a medium broiler chicken of build weight and butcher.With sterilizing cotton thread, by under the ligation shear of caecum two ends, ligation port is sterilized with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, is placed in disinfecting container gut flora to be measured.Butcher and front broiler chicken to be killed is weighed, be designated as live chickens heavy.The lethal rear abdominal cavity of cutting open rapidly of bloodletting, gets spleen, thymus gland, the bursa of farbricius.The spleen of taking-up, thymus gland, the bursa of farbricius are weighed, calculate each Immune Organs Index.
In process of the test, record the feed intake of every group of every repetition of broiler chicken, extremely naughty number of elements every day, in 21 ages in days, each group respectively repeated to test broiler chicken and weigh on an empty stomach, calculates average daily gain, material anharmonic ratio and average daily ingestion amount.
Escherichia coli, salmonella and Bacillus acidi lactici adopt colony counting method to measure.After each intestinal contents is thawed, in aseptic operating platform, take out immediately the whole chymes in broiler chicken caecum, after chyme is stirred, take food rotten 0.5 g in sterile test tube, add SPSS 4.5 mL, 3-5 min(250 r/min vibrates on magnetic force oscillator), make 10
-1dilution, centrifugal 10 min in 1000 r/min centrifuges, draw supernatant 0.5 mL, add in second test tube that fills 4.5 mL physiological saline and carry out 10
-2dilution, and carry out 10 successively
-3-10
-6dilution, finds out best dilution gradient, then each dilution factor microorganism is carried out to inoculated and cultured.The final dilution factor of Escherichia coli is 10
-3, 10
-4and 10
-5, the final dilution factor of salmonella is 10
-2, 10
-3and 10
-4, the final dilution factor of lactic acid bacteria is 10
-4, 10
-5and 10
-6; Final three the dilution factor bacterium liquid 10 μ L of Escherichia coli and salmonella are inoculated in respectively on Mai Kangkai and BS culture dish, and aerobic is cultivated 24 h; Lactic acid bacteria adopts MRS culture medium, and anaerobism is cultivated 48 h; Two kinds of bacterium cultivation temperature are all 37 ℃, cultivate and finish rear counting, with the logarithm log (CFU) of bacterium number in every gram of intestinal contents, represent.Computing formula is as follows:
Every gram of cecal content clump count=log
10(clump count * extension rate * each dilution sampling milliliter number)/(sample milliliter number * sample grams for inoculation).
When test broiler chicken 4 ages in days, 7 ages in days, 14 ages in days, 21 age in days, in every group of every repetition, get a broiler chicken that build weight is medium, the collare venous blood collection of weighing, in 4 ℃, allow serum naturally separate out, 4 ℃, 3 500 rpm are centrifugal, and 15 min prepare serum ,-20 ℃ of freezing preservations after packing.
Gather jejunum, ileal mucosa, in mid--20 ℃ of Refrigerator stores of centrifuge tube, during mensuration, get 0.9% normal saline dilution, homogenate for approximately 0.3 g mucous membrane tissue, make 10% mucous membrane homogenate, 3500-4000 rmin
-1centrifugal 10 min, get supernatant-20 ℃ preservation, for measuring index of correlation.
Diamine oxidase (DAO) vigor is measured according to kit (Bioengineering Research Institute is built up in Nanjing) method.
Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) adopts the radiommunoassay medicine box that Atom High Tech Co., Ltd. provides to measure, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) adopts the radiommunoassay medicine box that Beijing North biotechnology research provides to measure.
Test data adopts Excel 2007 to carry out preliminary treatment, with SPSS 18.0 softwares, adds up, and the use one-factor analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA, Duncan) is carried out significance test of difference and multiple ratio, and result represents with " mean value ± standard error ".
1. feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella meat chicken production performance
The feeding concentration of Chinese herbal medicine arranges 0.5 %, 1.0 % and tri-gradients of 1.5 %, and establishes and attack poison and do not attack poison contrast.The impact that the feed addictive of different feeding concentrations is attacked malicious meat chicken production performance to detection of Salmonella sees the following form 2:
Table 2 feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella meat chicken production performance
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05)。
As shown in Table 2, infect average daily gain that salmonella makes broiler chicken 21 ages in days compared with control group extremely significantly reduce (
p<0.01), but material anharmonic ratio and average daily ingestion amount all without marked change; The feed addictive that adds various dose has significantly improved broiler chicken 21 age in days average daily gains, has improved respectively 11.83%, 12.22% and 14.20%(
p<0.01), average daily ingestion amount also improve (
p>0.05), close with antibiotic group (
p>0.05).
feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella Intestine of Broiler flora
Bacillus acidi lactici number minimizing in infected group broiler chicken 4 ages in days, 7 ages in days, 14 age in days caecums as shown in Table 3, (
p<0.05), salmonella number increase (
p<0.05), 21 age in days Bacillus acidi lactici numbers still have reduction (
p>0.05), salmonella number increase to some extent (
pbut difference is not remarkable >0.05).Add feed addictive significantly increased Bacillus acidi lactici number in broiler chicken 4 ages in days, 7 ages in days, 14 age in days caecums (
p<0.05), reduced salmonella number (
p<0.05).The trend that antibiotic all shows inhibition to the lactic acid bacteria in each age in days caecum of broiler chicken and salmonella (
p>0.05).And feed addictive optionally to Bacillus acidi lactici shown facilitation (
p>0.05), to salmonella show inhibitory action (
p>0.05), and with antibiotic group than inhibition suitable (
p>0.05).
Table 3 feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella Intestine of Broiler flora
| Group | Bacillus acidi lactici lgCFU | Salmonella lgCFU | |
| 4d | Control group | 9.31±0.07 ABb | 8.37±0.02 Cc |
| Infect control group | 9.07±0.20 Ba | 10.09±0.14 Aa | |
| Antibiotic group | 9.53±0.17 ABb | 8.47±0.04 Cc | |
| Low dose group | 8.97±0.14 Bb | 8.84±0.01 BCbc | |
| Middle dosage group | 10.71±0.53 Ab | 9.31±0.43 ABb | |
| High dose group | 10.79±0.59 Ab | 9.37±0.29 ABb | |
| 7d | Control group | 7.76±0.14 Aa | 7.21±0.08 Cc |
| Infect control group | 6.36±0.37 Bc | 8.37±0.10 Aa | |
| Antibiotic group | 6.82±0.24 ABb | 6.91±0.06 Cc | |
| Low dose group | 7.29±0.19 Aab | 7.10±0.07 Cc | |
| Middle dosage group | 7.49±0.12 Aab | 7.09±0.11 Cc | |
| High dose group | 7.62±0.04 Aa | 7.06±0.06 Bb | |
| 14d | Control group | 7.27±0.11 ABCb | 5.61±0.18 ABbc |
| Infect control group | 6.60±0.08 Cc | 7.42±0.20 Aa | |
| Antibiotic group | 7.54±0.22 ABab | 6.43±0.89 ABab | |
| Low dose group | 7.25±0.20 BCb | 4.83±0.22 Bc | |
| Middle dosage group | 7.47±0.01 Aa | 4.79±0.17 Bc | |
| High dose group | 7.94±0.02 Aa | 4.68±0.17 Bc | |
| 21d | Control group | 6.98±0.06 Ab | 6.74±0.14 ABb |
| Infect control group | 6.91±0.09 Ab | 7.05±0.31 Aab | |
| Antibiotic group | 7.64±0.17 Aa | 7.03±0.10 Aa | |
| Low dose group | 7.25±0.27 Bc | 6.91±0.06 ABb | |
| Middle dosage group | 7.35±0.01 Aab | 6.84±0.23 Bc | |
| High dose group | 7.38±0.01 Aab | 6.77±0.13 Bc |
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05).
feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella broiler chicken Immune Organs Index
As seen from Table 4, the index and spleen index of each age in days of infected group broiler chicken compared with control group improve (
p>0.05), all in all, infect salmonella not remarkable on the impact of broiler chicken Immune Organs Index.Infected group broiler chicken 21 age in days index and spleen index significantly raise (
p<0.05), and add after feed addictive, broiler chicken index and spleen index reduces respectively 47.45%, 51.53% and 52.55%(
p<0.01), and with antibiotic contrast without significant difference (
p>0.05).
Table 4 feed addictive is on infecting the impact (g/kg) of salmonella broiler chicken Immune Organs Index
| Group | Spleen | Thymus gland | The bursa of farbricius | |
| 4d | Control group | 0.74±0.07 | 4.30±0.62 | 1.23±0.12 |
| Infect control group | 0.77±0.03 | 4.09±0.68 | 1.15±0.08 | |
| Antibiotic group | 0.72±0.03 | 3.78±0.52 | 1.39±0.12 | |
| Low dose group | 0.74±0.08 | 3.54±0.29 | 1.37±0.11 | |
| Middle dosage group | 0.73±0.06 | 3.51±0.32 | 1.40±0.11 | |
| High dose group | 0.72±0.06 | 3.49±0.32 | 1.42±0.11 | |
| 7d | Control group | 0.72±0.07 | 2.84±0.16 | 1.79±0.18 |
| Infect control group | 0.89±0.12 | 3.10±0.19 | 1.82±0.11 | |
| Antibiotic group | 0.77±0.03 | 2.90±0.33 | 1.45±0.10 | |
| Low dose group | 0.80±0.03 | 2.48±0.17 | 1.62±0.14 | |
| Middle dosage group | 0.81±0.03 | 2.81±0.31 | 1.58±0.12 | |
| High dose group | 0.82±0.01 | 2.84±0.26 | 1.57±0.23 | |
| 14d | Control group | 0.78±0.08 | 3.78±0.32 | 1.88±0.12 |
| Infect control group | 1.07±0.20 | 3.47±0.35 | 2.07±0.27 | |
| Antibiotic group | 0.87±0.15 | 3.84±0.18 | 2.28±0.17 | |
| Low dose group | 1.01±0.28 | 3.47±0.23 | 2.08±0.19 | |
| Middle dosage group | 0.98±0.17 | 3.58±0.10 | 2.17±0.10 | |
| High dose group | 0.97±0.17 | 3.68±0.20 | 2.25±0.11 | |
| 21d | Control group | 0.91±0.11 Bb | 1.99±0.30 | 2.28±0.19 |
| Infect control group | 1.96±0.45 Aa | 1.92±0.25 | 2.17±0.27 | |
| Antibiotic group | 1.11±0.26 ABb | 2.04±0.21 | 2.24±0.22 | |
| Low dose group | 0.97±0.05 Bb | 2.41±0.20 | 2.21±0.17 | |
| Middle dosage group | 0.95±0.11 Bb | 2.44±0.26 | 2.22±0.20 | |
| High dose group | 0.93±0.19 Bb | 2.45±0.26 | 2.24±0.12 |
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05).
feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella serum of broilers DAO vigor
As shown in Table 5, infect salmonella serum of broilers DAO vigor have certain increasing (
p>0.05).Add antibiotic, various dose Chinese herbal medicine make serum of broilers DAO vigor significantly reduce (
p<0.05).Also with age in days growth, vigor has reduction trend to serum of broilers DAO.
In table 5, feed addictive is on infecting the impact (UL of salmonella serum of broilers DAO vigor
-1)
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05).
feed addictive is on infecting the impact of salmonella broiler chicken intestinal mucosa IgG, SIgA content
As shown in table 6, the jejunum IgG content of infected group broiler chicken 7 age in days jejunums and ileal mucosa IgG content and 21 ages in days in rising trend (
p>0.05).Add antibiotic, various dose Chinese herbal medicine make broiler chicken jejunum and ileal mucosa IgG content have reduction in various degree (
p>0.05).
Table 6 feed addictive is on infecting impact (the μ gmgprot of salmonella broiler chicken intestinal mucosa IgG content
-1)
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05).
As shown in table 7, the broiler chicken Jejunal mucosa SIgA content of infected group broiler chicken 7 ages in days and 21 ages in days in rising trend (
p>0.05).Add antibiotic, various dose Chinese herbal medicine make the Jejunal mucosa SIgA content of broiler chicken 7 ages in days and 21 ages in days have reduction in various degree (
p>0.05).
Table 7 feed addictive is on infecting impact (the μ gmgprot of salmonella broiler chicken intestinal mucosa SIgA content
-1)
Note: the different lowercase alphabets of same column shoulder mark show significant difference (
p<0.05), different capitalizations represent difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01), without letter shoulder mark represent difference not significantly (
p>0.05).
Note: In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean significant difference (
P<0.01), while with no letter superscript mean no significant difference (
P>0.05).
By above experiment, can be drawn: the feed addictive of preparation can improve the production performance of immunological stress broiler chicken; improve its Immune Organs Index; improve lactic acid bacterium number in caecum; reduce the quantity of detection of Salmonella; improve gut barrier; the protective capability that improves intestinal mucosa is especially remarkable with 1.5 % interpolation group effects.
Claims (2)
1. a feed additive for chickens, it is characterized in that: described feed addictive is by dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, activating agent and water are made, and the mass percent of preparing required each component of feed addictive is respectively dried orange peel 20%-30%, pine needle 15%-20%, ginkgo leaf 5%-8%, garlic 4%-7%, mother chrysanthemum 3%-6%, hawthorn 1%-3%, bark of eucommia 1%-2%, Poria cocos 0.5%-2%, activating agent 25.5%-42%, surplus is water, described activating agent is by the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and vitamin C are made, and the Radix Astragali, cassia bark and ascorbic mass ratio are 20:20:1.
2. the preparation method of a kind of feed additive for chickens according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cleaning
It is that the ultrasonic cleaner of 22kHz cleans that dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia, Poria cocos, the Radix Astragali and cassia bark are put into respectively to frequency, takes out after cleaning 3-5min, standby;
The preparation of step 2, activating agent
1. the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali and cassia bark being pressed to 1:1 mixes and pulverizes, and crosses afterwards 50 mesh sieves, makes mixture I, standby;
2. the mass ratio of mixture I and vitamin C being pressed to 40:1 mixes, and makes mixture II, and the Rotary Evaporators of afterwards mixture II being put into temperature and be 55 ℃ is concentrated, until solid content reaches 14 ° of Brix, makes activating agent;
Step 3, pulverizing
By the mass percent of each component described in claim 1, take each component, and dried orange peel, pine needle, ginkgo leaf, garlic, mother chrysanthemum, hawthorn, the bark of eucommia and Poria cocos are placed in respectively to temperature is that the baking oven of 65 ℃ is dried, then pulverize and cross 40 mesh sieves, it is that 0.095MPa, temperature are the dry 1h of vacuum desiccator of 65 ℃ that each component after pulverizing is placed in respectively to vacuum, afterwards dried each component being put into respectively to high-frequency vibration mill pulverizes, make its particle diameter reach 22 μ m, standby;
Step 4, allotment
Each component after pulverizing is mixed and stirred with activating agent and water and make feed additive for chickens.
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| CN105815563A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-03 | 高宏 | Woody plant feed additive for livestock and poultry, and preparation method of feed additive |
| CN107115435A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-01 | 洛阳市兽药饲料（动物产品）质量检验监测中心 | A kind of broiler chicken immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof |
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