CN111821322A - Poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics and application thereof - Google Patents
Poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics and application thereof. The microecological preparation comprises components of lactobacillus plantarum, clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus plantarum culture, protein zinc, vitamins and a carrier. The microecological preparation has remarkable antibacterial and bactericidal effects, can improve immunity and disease resistance of young chicken, especially can prevent and treat colibacillosis and salmonellosis, has no toxic and side effects on young chicken, and does not burden metabolic organs. The micro-ecological oral preparation can promote the development of intestinal mucosa, promote the digestion and absorption of gastrointestinal tracts, integrally improve the health level of the young chicken, successfully pass the brooding period, can replace the traditional antibiotics, can be used as a medicine for opening the young chicken, and has obvious clinical effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microecological preparations, and particularly relates to a poultry microecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous maturity of the poultry breeding industry, regardless of large-scale breeders or breeding households, the poultry is habitually provided with the starter medicines at the first time after the poultry is hatched, and actually, the starter medicines are not suitable for young poultry and sometimes have toxic and side effects.
Antibiotic drugs are the most commonly used, most widely used starter drugs and are used by almost every farmer. The use purpose of the medicine is to purify escherichia coli and salmonella, prevent pullorum disease and navel inflammation of young poultry and improve the survival rate. At present, more cephalosporins, enrofloxacin, amoxicillin, lincoln and the like are used, and florfenicol, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, kanamycin and the like are used. Some medicines have good effect when used, such as cephalo-type medicines, have obvious effect on escherichia coli and salmonella and small side effect, but some medicines easily generate toxic and side effect, such as quinolone medicines can damage bones, influence development and even cause paralysis; florfenicol inhibits maternal antibodies and also causes immunosuppression; gentamicin can damage the intestinal villi, kidneys and nervous system. Although the effect of purifying escherichia coli and salmonella by using antibiotic medicines is the most direct and remarkable, care must be taken to pay attention to the types and dosage of the medicines used, because the young poultry have not completely developed, the metabolic capability of organs and tissues of the body is weak, and toxic and side effects are easy to occur. In addition, antibiotic medicines are used as starter medicines, once poultries get ill, the treatment difficulty is increased, more sensitive medicines are needed to be used for playing a role, the cost is increased, the medication difficulty is increased for subsequent breeding, and the risk of drug resistance generation of bacteria is increased in the long term.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics and application thereof.
The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics mainly comprises lactobacillus plantarum, clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus plantarum culture, protein zinc, vitamins and a carrier.
The microecological oral preparation for the poultry comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 0.1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2-15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 10-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 0.5-5 parts of protein zinc, 0.5-5 parts of vitamin and 100 parts of carrier supplement. Preferably, the microecological preparation comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 0.3-1.7 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4-12 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15-35 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 1-4 parts of protein zinc and 1-4 parts of vitamin, and the carrier is supplemented to 100 parts. More preferably, the microecological preparation comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum, 25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 2.5 parts of protein zinc and 2.5 parts of vitamin, and the carrier is supplemented to 100 parts.
The Lactobacillus plantarum is Lactobacillus plantarum (RP 1) and is preserved in China center for type culture Collection (CCTCC NO): m2018802, accession number 2018.11.19.
The number of the bacteria contained in the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 107CFU/g。
The number of the clostridium butyricum is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 108CFU/g。
The lactobacillus plantarum culture is a fermentation metabolite of lactobacillus plantarum RP1 and comprises components such as polysaccharide, L-lactic acid, bacteriocin and the like, and the water content in the lactobacillus plantarum culture is less than or equal to 10%.
The content of the protein zinc (calculated by zinc) is more than or equal to 0.2 percent.
The vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin B2Vitamin B6One or more of vitamin C and vitamin K.
The carrier is one or more of soluble starch, corn protein powder, glucose, corncob powder, calcium carbonate, yeast cell wall polysaccharide, montmorillonite, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) accurately weighing the raw material powder according to the proportion: lactobacillus plantarum, clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus plantarum culture, zinc protein, vitamins and a carrier.
(2) Mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, and vitamins thoroughly, and diluting with part of the carrier in equal amount.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly mixing the residual carrier, the clostridium butyricum, the lactobacillus plantarum culture and the mixture in the step (2) to obtain the product.
The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics can be used for preparing poultry starter medicines capable of replacing antibiotics for young poultry.
The use method of the poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics specifically comprises the steps that the micro-ecological oral preparation can be used by drinking water or mixing with feed, the drinking water is added into drinking water of young chickens according to 0.1% of daily drinking amount of the chickens, and the drinking water is finished within 4 hours; the feed is added into the feed for young chickens according to the amount of 0.2 percent of the daily feed intake of chickens.
The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics is forbidden to be used together with any antibacterial and bactericidal medicines.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a poultry micro-ecological oral preparation with the prospect of replacing traditional antibiotics, which can improve the immunity and disease resistance of young poultry, has strong inhibiting and killing effects on common pathogenic bacteria (such as escherichia coli and salmonella), can regulate intestinal flora, promote the development of intestinal mucosa and intestinal digestion and absorption, increase feed intake and improve feed conversion rate, and has remarkable effect especially as a young poultry starter.
2. The lactobacillus plantarum used in the invention is lactobacillus plantarum RP1, and has the characteristics of high growth speed, high lactic acid yield and strong antibacterial property. The clostridium butyricum not only can produce a large amount of butyric acid and promote the growth and reproduction of other probiotics, but also is an essential substance for promoting the growth, development and repair of intestinal mucosa.
3. The lactobacillus plantarum culture used in the invention is obtained by fermenting lactobacillus plantarum RP1 through a solid culture medium, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum RP1 contains various metabolites including polysaccharide, L-lactic acid and bacteriocin, so that common pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and salmonella can be effectively inhibited and killed, and due to sour taste, palatability can be improved and feed intake can be increased.
4. The protein zinc in the invention is organic zinc, has far higher bioavailability than inorganic zinc, and is beneficial to the absorption of organisms. The zinc element is a nutrient for thymus development of immune organs, and can effectively ensure thymus development only when the zinc is sufficient, normally differentiate T lymphocytes, promote cellular immune function and integrally improve health level.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 0.2g of lactobacillus plantarum, 3g of clostridium butyricum, 13g of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 0.5g of protein zinc, 0.25g of vitamin A, 0.25g of vitamin C, 5g of fructo-oligosaccharide and 77.8g of soluble starch. The preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, vitamin A and vitamin C, diluting the mixture with partial soluble starch in an equal amount, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest carrier, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture to obtain 100g of the product.
Example 2
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 0.3g of lactobacillus plantarum, 4g of clostridium butyricum, 15g of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 1.2g of protein zinc, 0.5g of vitamin C and vitamin B60.5g, 8g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 30g of glucose and 40.5g of soluble starch. Mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, vitamin C, and vitamin B6Fully and uniformly mixing, diluting with part of glucose and soluble starch in equal quantity, and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest carrier, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture to obtain 100g of the product.
Example 3
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 1g of lactobacillus plantarum, 10g of clostridium butyricum, 25g of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 2.5g of zinc protein, 1g of vitamin A, 0.5g of vitamin K, 1g of vitamin C, 10g of xylo-oligosaccharide, 29g of corn protein powder and 20g of montmorillonite. The preparation method comprises the following steps of fully and uniformly mixing lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, vitamin A, vitamin K and vitamin C, diluting part of corn protein powder and part of montmorillonite in equal amount, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest carrier, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture to obtain 100g of the product.
Example 4
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 1.7g of lactobacillus plantarum, 12g of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture35g of the extract, 4g of protein zinc and vitamin B24g, 12g of xylo-oligosaccharide, 10g of calcium carbonate and 21.3g of corncob meal. Mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, and vitamin B2Fully and uniformly mixing, diluting with part of calcium carbonate and corncob meal in equal quantity, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest carrier, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture to obtain 100g of the product.
Example 5
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 2g of lactobacillus plantarum, 15g of clostridium butyricum, 40g of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 5g of protein zinc, 2.5g of vitamin C, 2.5g of vitamin E, 15g of fructo-oligosaccharide and 18g of yeast cell wall polysaccharide. The preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, vitamin C and vitamin E, diluting with part of yeast cell wall polysaccharide in an equivalent amount, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest carrier, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum culture to obtain 100g of the product.
Comparative examples
Example 3 product without the Lactobacillus plantarum culture of the invention
Weighing the raw material powders according to the following dosage, and mixing the raw material powders in sequence: 1g of lactobacillus plantarum, 10g of clostridium butyricum, 2.5g of protein zinc, 1g of vitamin A, 0.5g of vitamin K, 1g of vitamin C, 10g of xylo-oligosaccharide, 29g of corn protein powder and 45g of montmorillonite. The preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing lactobacillus plantarum, zinc protein, vitamin A, vitamin K and vitamin C, diluting part of corn protein powder and montmorillonite in equal amount, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixture, the rest of carrier and clostridium butyricum to obtain 100g of the product.
Example 6 bacteriostatic experiment of the product of the invention
Experimental materials: nutrient agar medium, nutrient broth medium, culture dish, 10mm punch, etc
Experimental products: inventive, example 2, example 3, example 4, comparative example products
Indicating strains: escherichia coli standard strain and salmonella standard strain
The experimental steps are as follows:
(1) activating strains: activating the indicator strain for two generations to obtain the indicator strain bacterial liquid with good growth.
(2) Preparing an indicating strain solid culture medium: sterilizing the nutrient agar culture medium at 121 deg.C under high pressure for 15min, cooling to 40-50 deg.C, inoculating activated indicator strain liquid into the nutrient agar culture medium, and ensuring viable count in the culture medium at 105-106And (3) uniformly mixing the CFU/mL, quickly pouring the mixture into a culture dish to prepare an escherichia coli solid culture medium and a salmonella solid culture medium, wherein 4 solid culture media are prepared for each indicator bacterium. After the culture medium solidified, 3 wells were uniformly punched in each of the indicator solid culture media using a punch.
(3) Preparing a diluent: the products of example 2, example 3, example 4 and comparative example of the present invention were diluted with sterile water to the respective concentrations according to the instructions to prepare the diluent of example 2, the diluent of example 3, the diluent of example 4 and the diluent of comparative example.
(4) Each dilution was injected into wells of 2 indicator solid media, 3 wells of each dilution were injected as 3 replicates, 70uL per well. The dish was placed in a 37 ℃ incubator for 24 h. The diameter of the zone was measured with a vernier caliper and the average was calculated.
The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 results of the bacteriostatic test
| Experimental products | Diameter of escherichia coli inhibition zone (mm) | Salmonella zone diameter (mm) |
| EXAMPLE 2 product | 17.43 | 16.31 |
| EXAMPLE 3 product | 17.98 | 17.57 |
| EXAMPLE 4 product | 18.56 | 19.11 |
| Comparative examples | 14.37 | 13.65 |
Note: the punch used in this test was 10mm in diameter.
The size of the diameter of the inhibition zone of escherichia coli and salmonella can indicate the size of the inhibition capacity of the escherichia coli and salmonella, and the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone is, the better the inhibition effect is. As can be seen from the results of the bacteriostasis experiments in Table 1, the products of the examples 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention have significantly larger diameter of the zone of inhibition to Escherichia coli and Salmonella than the comparative examples, wherein the diameter of the zone of inhibition to Escherichia coli and Salmonella is the largest for the product of the example 4 of the present invention. The products of example 2, example 3 and example 4 have 21.29%, 25.12% and 29.16% larger inhibition zone diameter for Escherichia coli than the comparative examples, and 19.49%, 28.72% and 40.00% larger inhibition zone diameter for Salmonella than the comparative examples.
And (4) experimental conclusion:
the product of the embodiment of the invention has excellent bacteriostatic effect, and compared with the product of the embodiment 3, the bacteriostatic effect of the whole product is obviously lower under the condition that the lactobacillus plantarum culture of the invention is not used in the comparative embodiment. The lactobacillus plantarum culture provided by the invention has a good bacteriostatic effect.
Example 7 clinical application test
Experimental materials: electronic scale for surgical scissors
Experimental products: inventive examples 2-4 products, comparative examples, 5% enrofloxacin solution
Experimental animals: 2 Rous 308 broilers, 50000 each
The experimental steps are as follows:
(1) the 6 henhouses with the same age in day, the same batch, the same weight and the same feeding management are selected to be A, B, C, D, E, F groups respectively corresponding to the product group of the invention in the example 2, the product group of the invention in the example 3, the product group of the invention in the example 4, the enrofloxacin solution group, the comparative example group and the blank control group.
(2) A, B, C, D and E were used for 5 consecutive days at 1-5 days of age according to the instructions, and F was not used with any drug.
(3) Weighing weekly for 1-4 weeks; and counting the accumulated death and culling number and the death and culling rate in 1-4 weeks, randomly selecting 400 chickens in each group for dissection, and counting the incidence rate of escherichia coli.
The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 21-4 week average body weight
| Body weight | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Weight per gram of chicken | 41.7 | 41.8 | 41.5 | 41.6 | 41.8 | 42.0 |
| Body weight/g for first week | 195 | 201 | 198 | 193 | 192 | 187 |
| Body weight/g of second week | 489 | 493 | 490 | 482 | 482 | 465 |
| Body weight/g in third week | 955 | 968 | 961 | 931 | 935 | 906 |
| Body weight/g in third week | 1531 | 1544 | 1533 | 1491 | 1506 | 1474 |
TABLE 31-4 weeks cumulative mortality and mortality
| Sample (I) | 1 week/patient | 2 nd week/one | Week 3/patient | Week 4/patient | Total number of dead elutriations/ | Mortality and mortality/The |
| A | 208 | 572 | 593 | 605 | 1978 | 3.96 |
| B | 203 | 589 | 564 | 581 | 1937 | 3.87 |
| C | 211 | 581 | 571 | 595 | 1958 | 3.92 |
| D | 211 | 939 | 995 | 1231 | 3379 | 6.76 |
| E | 199 | 753 | 784 | 692 | 2428 | 4.86 |
| F | 456 | 1562 | 851 | 647 | 3516 | 7.03 |
TABLE 4 incidence of colibacillosis in dead chickens
| Sample (I) | Number/number of dissection | Number of onset/one | Incidence rate/%) |
| A | 400 | 20 | 5.00 |
| B | 400 | 11 | 2.75 |
| C | 400 | 18 | 4.50 |
| D | 400 | 46 | 11.50 |
| E | 400 | 35 | 8.75 |
| F | 400 | 259 | 64.75 |
The experimental results are as follows:
by comparing the weekly weight, the death and elutriation condition and the colibacillus morbidity condition, the total effect of the product groups of the examples 2 to 4 of the invention is obviously better than that of the enrofloxacin solution group and the comparative example group, and particularly the best effect of the example 3 is found. The body weight was highest in the product group of example 3 for the first four weeks, and showed a good growth tendency with increasing difference from the other groups.
The blank control group has colibacillosis at week 2, the death and elimination quantity is increased suddenly, after the medicine is taken, the illness state is controlled to a certain degree, the enrofloxacin group shows the phenomenon that the colibacillosis is increased at week 2, the death and elimination quantity begins to increase, and the death and elimination quantity and the attack quantity of the colibacillosis in the test group are always a relatively normal quantity.
And (4) experimental conclusion:
the product of the invention, especially the product of the embodiment 3, can play a good brooding effect, effectively control death and culling, effectively prevent colibacillosis and promote the production of broiler chickens.
Claims (10)
1. The poultry microecological oral preparation capable of replacing antibiotics is characterized by consisting of lactobacillus plantarum, clostridium butyricum, lactobacillus plantarum culture, protein zinc, vitamins and a carrier.
2. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2-15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 10-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 0.5-5 parts of protein zinc, 0.5-5 parts of vitamin and 100 parts of carrier supplement.
3. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to claim 1 or 2, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.3-1.7 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 4-12 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15-35 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 1-4 parts of protein zinc and 1-4 parts of vitamin, and the carrier is supplemented to 100 parts.
4. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum, 25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum culture, 2.5 parts of protein zinc and 2.5 parts of vitamin, and the carrier is supplemented to 100 parts.
5. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Lactobacillus plantarum is Lactobacillus plantarum RP1 with a preservation number of CCTCC NO: m2018802.
6. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Lactobacillus plantarum culture is a metabolite of Lactobacillus plantarum RP1, comprising polysaccharides, L-lactic acid, bacteriocins, and containing less than or equal to 10% water.
7. The avian micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the number of Clostridium butyricum is not less than 2X 108CFU/g; the content of the zinc protein is more than or equal to 0.2 percent in terms of zinc.
8. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B2Vitamin B6One or more of vitamin C and vitamin K.
9. The poultry micro-ecological oral preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carrier is one or more of soluble starch, corn protein powder, glucose, corncob meal, calcium carbonate, yeast cell wall polysaccharide, montmorillonite, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide.
10. Use of a poultry micro-ecological oral formulation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, for replacing a conventional antibiotic, in the preparation of a hatchling starter.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114191464B (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2023-09-29 | 湖北武当动物药业有限责任公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for improving duck growth performance and application thereof |
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