CN104170631A - Method for sowing alfalfa in spring and summer - Google Patents
Method for sowing alfalfa in spring and summer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104170631A CN104170631A CN201410423463.9A CN201410423463A CN104170631A CN 104170631 A CN104170631 A CN 104170631A CN 201410423463 A CN201410423463 A CN 201410423463A CN 104170631 A CN104170631 A CN 104170631A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sowing alfalfa in spring and summer. The method includes that seeds of the alfalfa and millets are evenly mixed to form seed mixtures to be sown from April to July. The method has the advantages that growth of weeds can be effectively restricted by growth vigor of millet seedlings subjected to mixture sowing; the alfalfa can be favorably fixed in root due to long time span from summer sowing to winter time and water temperature condition is moderate, and the problem of getting through the winter is solved; the innovated method for sowing the alfalfa in spring and summer provides convenience for plant farmers to select sowing periods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to clover planting technology field, particularly relate to a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer.
Background technology
Alfalfa, original name: lucerne, has another name called: clover, Latin literary fame: Medicago sativa Rosales, pulse family, clover belong to perennial herb, and root is sturdy, gos deep into soil layer, collar is flourishing.Stem is upright, grow thickly so that flat sleeping, four prismatics, and without hair or micro-by pubescence, branches and leaves are luxuriant.
Alfalfa is called as " King of Pasture ", belongs to long-day plant, has resistance and utilizes the features such as life-span long (5-7).From biomass analysis, clover can cradle 3-4 stubble every year, than the high 2-3 of cereals doubly; The gross protein value of clover dry matter can reach 18-20%, produces more than 300 kilogram, protein per year for every mu, and higher by 50% than cereal, Planting Medicago sativa is an enormously potential feed protein well stimulation.In addition, Alfalfa is rich in vitamin, mineral matter, can improve quality and the appearance character of animal product.Clover also contains a kind of breeding of livestock and poultry, unknown factor of growth performance of improving, therefore there is the good reputation of functional feed, has irreplaceable effect in raising poultry nutritive.
In recent years, along with the high speed development of careless livestock breeding is particularly eaten in domestic and international livestock breeding, herbage product all has wide market international, domestic, wherein alfalfa is the herbage product of output and sales volume maximum, its product price is the situation that continues to raise up always, it is 1200 yuan/ton that left and right clover bale in 2002 is delivered to the price in Shanghai, and the producer price of the loose bundle of clover has just reached 1600 yuan/ton at present, and import clover price is up to 2400 yuan/ton.U.S. clover, become the fourth-largest crops that are only second to wheat, corn and paddy rice, annual value of production reaches 10,000,000,000 dollars.The industry relevant to clover (harvesting, processing, the cultivation etc.) gross output value reaches 1,000 hundred million dollars, thereby is described as " cash crops ", " green gold ".In addition Planting Medicago sativa not only can be improved soil, culture fertility, can also conserve water and soil, regulates the climate and purify air, and has significant ecological benefits.
Therefore, greatly developing clover plantation is main pasture growing, adjust take grain be main traditional farming pattern of farming as the pattern of farming of careless grain combination extremely urgent! Alfalfa spring and summer, the maximum hazard factor of sowing was weeds, so generally select mid or late September as clover best sowing time.But type of seeding by the end of September easily causes the alfalfa problem difficult and that summer in the coming year, weeds overgrowed of passing the winter.Because alfalfa seed is little, seeding quantity is lower, adjust seeding quantity is a difficult problem for puzzlement actual production always in addition, easily causes the difficult regulation and control of sowing, inhomogeneous.Alfalfa seedling is thin and delicate, pushes up native ability, causes practical germination percent lower than germination rate experimental data, and easily produces lopsided seedling.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer for the defect of above-mentioned existence.Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture, and the 4-7 month is sowed.This type of seeding has following advantage: the one, and after mixed seeding, the growing way of paddy seedling can effectively suppress weed growth; The 2nd, because Summer-sowing is longer from winter time, and water temperature condition is suitable, is conducive to the solid root of alfalfa, has solved the difficult problem of passing the winter; The 3rd, innovated a kind of type of seeding, for selecting to provide sowing time convenience in plantation family.
A kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer technical scheme of the present invention is, alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture, and the 4-7 month is sowed.Preferably, in mid-April, to mid-June, sow.
Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:0.5-3.
Preferably, alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:1.
Every mu of sowing seed mixture 1000-3000 gram.According to soil fertility, the plot that water and fertilizer condition is good can suitably reduce seeding quantity.
Preferably, sow 2000 grams of seed mixtures for every mu.
Sow paddy seedling plant height after 60 days and reach 60-70 centimetre, 30 centimetres of alfalfa plant heights, together harvesting.
Stubble height 8-15 centimetre during harvesting.
Preferably, 10 centimetres of stubble height during harvesting.
After harvesting, paddy seedling stops growing, alfalfa normal growth.
The herbage that obtain after alfalfa type of seeding harvesting above-mentioned a kind of spring and summer, as the purposes of animal feeding-stuff, can be realized the reasonably combined of nutrient, can dry feeding, also can freshly feed (a certain amount of hay of can arranging in pairs or groups), and can reduce that fresh to feed the livestock bulging that alfalfa causes sick.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, this type of seeding has following advantage: the one, and after mixed seeding, the growing way of paddy seedling can effectively suppress weed growth; The 2nd, because Summer-sowing is longer from winter time, and water temperature condition is suitable, is conducive to the solid root of alfalfa, has solved the difficult problem of passing the winter; The 3rd, innovated a kind of type of seeding, for selecting to provide sowing time convenience in plantation family.
2, millet is similar with proportion to alfalfa seed shape, easily mixes, and can effectively improve the sowing uniformity.
3, millet speed of germination is fast, to push up native ability strong, and mixed seeding is beneficial to alfalfa emergence rate and the strong seedling rate of promoting.
4, sheltering from heat or light that Gu Miao forms is beneficial to soil moisture conservation, can promote the growth of clover.
The herbage of 5, gathering in after mixed seeding can be realized the reasonably combined of nutrient, can dry feeding, also can freshly feed (a certain amount of hay of can arranging in pairs or groups), and can reduce that fresh to feed the livestock bulging that alfalfa causes sick.
embodiment:
In order to understand better the present invention, with instantiation, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Plot requires soil layer deep, and the sticky ratio of quality sand is suitable, soil loosening, and venting and water permeable, preserve moisture and fertility, is advisable with loam and clay loam.In addition, require irrigation and drainage convenient, subterranean water level is below 1.5 m.Soil pH value is between 6.5～8.0, and solubility salinity is below 0.3%.
Seed meets national seed grading standard, and purity and cleanliness are not less than 95%, and germination rate is not less than 90%, and seed must not carry quarantine object.
Before sowing, plot must be flattened whole carefully, make soil particle carefully even, porosity is suitable.Ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 25～30 cm, on the basis of ploughing, adopts disk harrow, spike-tooth harrow rake soil crushing, ground grading.
The few plot of weeds is with manually pulling out, and chemical herbicide can be selected in the plot that weeds are many.Broadcast and can select Dou Er, Acetochlor (standing grain resistance to this), the general top grade herbicide before seedling stage of executing before rear seedling, consumption and usage illustrate with reference to producer.Herbicide after seedling can be selected beans Xerox or smart quizalofopethyl etc.Weed killer herbicide should be after alfalfa be emerged 15～20 d, 3～5 leaf phases of weeds use, usage and consumption illustrate with reference to producer, the green hay weeds rate of output should be controlled in 5%.
Sowing can adopt drilling or broadcast sowing.Base fertilizer can be used farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer.Broadcast front combination wholely every 667 m2 apply farmyard manure 3 000～5 000 kg, execute superphosphate 50 kg and make base fertilizer.
Fertilizer used, agricultural chemicals are all commercially available.
Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:1, by the end of April sowing.
Sow 2000 grams of seed mixtures for every mu.
Sow paddy seedling plant height after 60 days and reach 60-70 centimetre, 30 centimetres of alfalfa plant heights, together harvesting.During harvesting, stubble height is 10 centimetres.After harvesting, paddy seedling stops growing, alfalfa normal growth.Topdress and carry out after first batch of grass results.
The herbage that obtain after alfalfa type of seeding harvesting above-mentioned a kind of spring and summer, as the purposes of animal feeding-stuff, can be realized the reasonably combined of nutrient, can dry feeding, also can freshly feed (a certain amount of hay of can arranging in pairs or groups), and can reduce that fresh to feed the livestock bulging that alfalfa causes sick.
Sowing alfalfa wintering rate then significantly improves, and average wintering rate improves more than 25%; Next year, first batch of alfalfa output can improve more than 20%.
Embodiment 2
Plot requires soil layer deep, and the sticky ratio of quality sand is suitable, soil loosening, and venting and water permeable, preserve moisture and fertility, is advisable with loam and clay loam.In addition, require irrigation and drainage convenient, subterranean water level is below 1.5 m.Soil pH value is between 6.5～8.0, and solubility salinity is below 0.3%.
Seed meets national seed grading standard, and purity and cleanliness are not less than 95%, and germination rate is not less than 90%, and seed must not carry quarantine object.
Before sowing, plot must be flattened whole carefully, make soil particle carefully even, porosity is suitable.Ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 25～30 cm, on the basis of ploughing, adopts disk harrow, spike-tooth harrow rake soil crushing, ground grading.
The few plot of weeds is with manually pulling out, and chemical herbicide can be selected in the plot that weeds are many.Broadcast and can select Dou Er, Acetochlor (standing grain resistance to this), the general top grade herbicide before seedling stage of executing before rear seedling, consumption and usage illustrate with reference to producer.Herbicide after seedling can be selected beans Xerox or smart quizalofopethyl etc.Weed killer herbicide should be after alfalfa be emerged 15～20 d, 3～5 leaf phases of weeds use, usage and consumption illustrate with reference to producer, the green hay weeds rate of output should be controlled in 5%.
Sowing can adopt drilling or broadcast sowing.Base fertilizer can be used farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer.Broadcast front combination wholely every 667 m2 apply farmyard manure 3 000～5 000 kg, execute superphosphate 50 kg and make base fertilizer.
Fertilizer used, agricultural chemicals are all commercially available.
Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:2, sowing mid-May.
Sow 1500 grams of seed mixtures for every mu.Sow paddy seedling plant height after 60 days and reach 60-70 centimetre, 30 centimetres of alfalfa plant heights, together harvesting.During harvesting, stubble height is 15 centimetres.After harvesting, paddy seedling stops growing, alfalfa normal growth.Topdress and carry out after first batch of grass results.
The herbage that obtain after alfalfa type of seeding harvesting above-mentioned a kind of spring and summer, as the purposes of animal feeding-stuff, can be realized the reasonably combined of nutrient, can dry feeding, also can freshly feed (a certain amount of hay of can arranging in pairs or groups), and can reduce that fresh to feed the livestock bulging that alfalfa causes sick.
Sowing alfalfa wintering rate then significantly improves, and average wintering rate improves more than 25%; Next year, first batch of alfalfa output can improve more than 20%.
Embodiment 3
Plot requires soil layer deep, and the sticky ratio of quality sand is suitable, soil loosening, and venting and water permeable, preserve moisture and fertility, is advisable with loam and clay loam.In addition, require irrigation and drainage convenient, subterranean water level is below 1.5 m.Soil pH value is between 6.5～8.0, and solubility salinity is below 0.3%.
Seed meets national seed grading standard, and purity and cleanliness are not less than 95%, and germination rate is not less than 90%, and seed must not carry quarantine object.
Before sowing, plot must be flattened whole carefully, make soil particle carefully even, porosity is suitable.Ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 25～30 cm, on the basis of ploughing, adopts disk harrow, spike-tooth harrow rake soil crushing, ground grading.
The few plot of weeds is with manually pulling out, and chemical herbicide can be selected in the plot that weeds are many.Broadcast and can select Dou Er, Acetochlor (standing grain resistance to this), the general top grade herbicide before seedling stage of executing before rear seedling, consumption and usage illustrate with reference to producer.Herbicide after seedling can be selected beans Xerox or smart quizalofopethyl etc.Weed killer herbicide should be after alfalfa be emerged 15～20 d, 3～5 leaf phases of weeds use, usage and consumption illustrate with reference to producer, the green hay weeds rate of output should be controlled in 5%.
Sowing can adopt drilling or broadcast sowing.Base fertilizer can be used farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer.Broadcast front combination wholely every 667 m2 apply farmyard manure 3 000～5 000 kg, execute superphosphate 50 kg and make base fertilizer.
Fertilizer used, agricultural chemicals are all commercially available.
Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture, sowing at the beginning of 6 months.Alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:3.Sow 2200 grams of seed mixtures for every mu.Sow paddy seedling plant height after 60 days and reach 60-70 centimetre, 30 centimetres of alfalfa plant heights, together harvesting.During harvesting, stubble height is 8 centimetres.After harvesting, paddy seedling stops growing, alfalfa normal growth.Topdress and carry out after first batch of grass results.
The herbage that obtain after alfalfa type of seeding harvesting above-mentioned a kind of spring and summer, as the purposes of animal feeding-stuff, can be realized the reasonably combined of nutrient, can dry feeding, also can freshly feed (a certain amount of hay of can arranging in pairs or groups), and can reduce that fresh to feed the livestock bulging that alfalfa causes sick.
Sowing alfalfa wintering rate then significantly improves, and average wintering rate improves more than 25%; Next year, first batch of alfalfa output can improve more than 20%.
Claims (10)
1. alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer, is characterized in that, alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture, and the 4-7 month is sowed.
2. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:0.5-3.
3. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, alfalfa seed and millet are mixed into seed mixture by weight 1:1.
4. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, every mu of sowing seed mixture 1000-3000 gram.
5. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, sows 2000 grams of seed mixtures for every mu.
6. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, sows paddy seedling plant height after 60 days and reaches 60-70 centimetre, 30 centimetres of alfalfa plant heights, together harvesting.
7. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 6, is characterized in that stubble height 8-15 centimetre during harvesting.
8. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 7, is characterized in that, during harvesting, stubble height is 10 centimetres.
9. a kind of alfalfa type of seeding spring and summer according to claim 7, is characterized in that, after harvesting, paddy seedling stops growing, alfalfa normal growth.
10. the herbage that as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-9, obtain after alfalfa type of seeding harvesting a kind of spring and summer is as the purposes of animal feeding-stuff.
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| CN201410423463.9A CN104170631A (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | Method for sowing alfalfa in spring and summer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211636A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 胡柳新 | A kind of type of seeding of plant |
| CN108496700A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of spring planting and establishing method of Alfalfa in Kerqin Sandy Land |
| CN109566286A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2019-04-05 | 湖南德人草业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of alfalfa summer management method resistant to high temperatures |
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| RU2138940C1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-10-10 | Саратовская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия им.Н.И.Вавилова | Lucerne growing method |
| CN101904265A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2010-12-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for cultivating alfalfa in low- salt and -alkali cultivated land |
| CN102986432A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for sowing and planting alfalfa in sandy field |
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2014
- 2014-08-26 CN CN201410423463.9A patent/CN104170631A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| RU2138940C1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-10-10 | Саратовская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия им.Н.И.Вавилова | Lucerne growing method |
| CN101904265A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2010-12-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for cultivating alfalfa in low- salt and -alkali cultivated land |
| CN102986432A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for sowing and planting alfalfa in sandy field |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211636A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 胡柳新 | A kind of type of seeding of plant |
| CN108496700A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of spring planting and establishing method of Alfalfa in Kerqin Sandy Land |
| CN109566286A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2019-04-05 | 湖南德人草业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of alfalfa summer management method resistant to high temperatures |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |