CN1041554A - 制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法 - Google Patents
制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041554A CN1041554A CN89103104A CN89103104A CN1041554A CN 1041554 A CN1041554 A CN 1041554A CN 89103104 A CN89103104 A CN 89103104A CN 89103104 A CN89103104 A CN 89103104A CN 1041554 A CN1041554 A CN 1041554A
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- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012982 x-ray structure analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/20—Methods for preparing sulfides or polysulfides, in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
- C01B21/0828—Carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides of metals, boron or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/08—Other phosphides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/907—Oxycarbides; Sulfocarbides; Mixture of carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/921—Titanium carbide
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/935—Carbides of alkali metals, strontium, barium or magnesium
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
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- C01B32/949—Tungsten or molybdenum carbides
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/06—Metal silicides
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
- C01B35/02—Boron; Borides
- C01B35/04—Metal borides
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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- C01B21/0615—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with transition metals other than titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C01B21/0617—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with transition metals other than titanium, zirconium or hafnium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/072—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with aluminium
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/076—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with titanium or zirconium or hafnium
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Abstract
用于粉末冶金的本发明制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法在于把元素周期表中I-VIII族元素和/或其氧化物、和/或其卤化物,以及I-III族金属和/或其氢化物,以及氮和/或碳、和/或硼、和/或硅、和/或硫、和/或磷、和/或其氧化物、和/或其卤化物、和/或其有机化合物所组成的配料与II族金属氧化物和/或碱金属卤化物和/或卤化铵、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、尿素所组成的添加剂相混合,随后把该混合物置于反应区并将其点燃。
Description
本发明涉及无机化学领域,具体说是涉及制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法。
本发明可用于粉末冶金,其目的是以生产组合陶瓷材料的方法来制取热强的和抗腐蚀性物料介质的硬质合金。
目前,已有一种制取难熔无机材料的方法,包括制取元素周期表中Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ族金属的碳化物、硼化物、硅化物和氮化物(GB,B,1497025)。
在实施这种方法时,至少要掺进元素周期表中Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ族的一种金属氧化物,另外要掺进金属还原剂-铝、镁、钙并掺进氮、碳、硼硅。然后在定向燃烧状态下,在反应区借助于上述组分间的反应而进行合成。由于上述组分间的放热相互作用而使反应扩展到整个体积内,随之使气体介质压力从1巴增加到5000巴。同时燃烧温度增加到4000-5000℃,结果获得了铸造产品。
为了制取以难熔无机化合物为基体的硬质合金,在上述混合物中加入5-20%(重量)的镍、钴、铜或其氧化物。为了改善硬质合金的机械性能(热强性、耐磨性、硬度),也加入合金添加剂,例如1-5%(重量)的锰。为了消除挥发性混合物组分的起泡作用和目的产物的离解,合成应在1000-5000大气压的气体介质中进行。
在合成过程中形成目的产物和金属-还原剂的熔渣氧化物,它们在合成温度下处于液体状态,并由于比重不同而分层。按照该方法,可以制得致密的整铸形式的难熔化合物的产物。而由致密产物制取粉末还有附加的困难-即研磨和分粒,并且不能保证获得均匀的粉末。
还有一种合成难熔材料-元素周期表中Ⅲ-Ⅳ族金属氮化物的方法(US,A,4459363),该方法包括把叠氮化钠与金属钙或金属镁和按化学计算量的稀土金属氧化物,Ⅲ-Ⅳ族金属氧化物,或它们的混合物混合在一起。把准备好的混合物加热到着火温度,这就可使混合物自发燃烧,直到形成难熔的氮化物混合物。
由于叠氮化物是原始混合物的组分之一,除了氮化物外,该方法不可能获得其他粉末状难熔金属化合物。但是,即使在合成Ⅲ-Ⅳ族元素的氮化物的情况下,该方法由于存在火灾和爆炸危险性而不可能形成大规模生产。这是因为在合成过程中伴随有气态钠形成的缘故,其数量为每摩尔金属氮化物(MeN)有7.5升的气态钠。此外,在合成非金属氮化物,例如在合成氮化硅时,在自动扩展高温合成所产生的高温下并且在氮压力相对不高时,由于氮化硅的离解,使氮化物不可能达到完全转化的程度。
还有一种制取元素周期表中Ⅳ-Ⅵ族金属碳化物、硼化物、硅化物、硫化物和氮化物的方法(US,A,3726643)。该方法是把起始组分-Ⅳ-Ⅵ族金属粉末和非金属-C、B、Si、S、N混合在一起,用热源-钨丝、镍铬丝点燃准备好的混合物,再借助点着了的混合物在惰性气体介质中实现自动扩展的高温合成。所获得的产物是粗大且粒度不均匀的烧结团块,它难于进一步利用,因为需要附加的研磨与分粒。
此外,该方法不能够合成元素周期表中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅷ族元素的难熔化合物。因为上述各族元素与B、Si、C和N的相互作用是一种低温过程,结果,自动扩展的高温合成或者不能实现,或者不能完全实现。
因此,目前已知的制取难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法不能合成细弥散的化学组成和相组成都均匀的粉末。目前细弥散粉末是用球磨机研磨较粗的粉末或难熔材料的烧结块而制得的。研磨过程非常长,因为许多难熔材料是磨蚀性的,在研磨时,粉末被研磨机的材料污染。由于起始物料的粒度组成非常不均匀,所以磨好的粉末也是很不均匀的。研磨后所获得的颗粒尺寸在零点几微米到5-10微米之间变动。这就恶化了由研磨粉末制成的制品的物理机械性能和使用性能。
本发明的任务是建立这样一种方法,该方法是在合成过程中借助改变合成的起始组分来获得在粒度组成和相组成方面细弥散的、均匀的粉末状难熔无机化合物和元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族元素的金属组合物。
该任务是这样解决的,在制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法中,包括配料的准备,使其中含有元素周期表中Ⅳ-Ⅵ族的元素和选自氮、碳、硼、硅、硫、磷组中的元素,把这些配料装进反应区,在其中形成自动扩展高温合成目的产物,随后从反应区取出目的产物。根据本发明,在所用配料中添加下列物质:
-至少一种选自周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ族和Ⅶ-Ⅷ族中的一种元素,
-和/或至少一种选自元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ族元素中的氢化物,
-和/或至少一种选自元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族元素中的氧化物和至少一种选自上述元素中的卤化物,
-和由氮、和/或碳、和/或硼、和/或硅、和或硫、和/或磷所形成的至少一种氧化物、和/或至少一种卤化物、和/或至少一种有机化合物,
-和碱金属卤化物、和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素。而目的产物的分离是借助无机酸溶液处理合成产物的方法来实现的。
由于本发明,使得有可能获得细弥散粉末(从0.1至10.0微米)。这种粉末具有均匀的相组成和均匀的粒度。此外,有可能获得周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族元素的粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物。
按照本发明,最好利用这样的配料,它包括一种混合物和一种添加剂。混合物组成的12.00-80.95%(重量)至少为元素周期表Ⅰ-Ⅷ族中的一种元素和/或至少一种氧化物、和/或至少一种上述元素的卤化物;0.05-31.50%(重量)为氮和/或碳、和/或硼、和/或硅、和/或硫、和/或磷、和/或上述任一种元素的氧化物、和/或上述任一种元素的卤化物、和/或上述任一种元素的有机化合物;19.0-56.5%(重量)至少为元素周期表Ⅰ-Ⅲ族中的一种金属和/或至少一种这些金属的氢化物。所说添加剂的重量为上述混合物的1-25%,其组成为元素周期表中Ⅱ族金属氧化物和/或碱金属的卤化物、和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素。
根据本发明,为了获得粒度组成均匀的目的产物,并为了使所获得的粉末状化合物和组合物的颗粒更细,最好使配料含有这样的添加剂,该添加剂最好是重量为上述混合物的5-25%的元素周期表中Ⅱ族金属氧化物和/或重量为上述混合物的1-5%的碱金属卤化物和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素。
根据本发明,为了获得粒度为2-5微米的难熔无机化合物的均匀颗粒,最好使用由下述混合物和添加剂组成的配料。混合物的组成为56.0%(重量)的二氧化钛、8.3%(重量)的碳、35.7%(重量)的镁。添加剂的组成为相当于上述混合物重量10.0%的氧化镁和相当于上述混合物重量3.0%的聚苯乙烯。而目的产物的分离是借助盐酸溶液处理合成产物来实现的。
根据本发明,为了获得颗粒尺寸为2.0-5.0微米的元素钛和镍的金属组合物,最好使用由下述混合物和添加剂组成的配料。混合物的组成为26.5%(重量)的二氧化钛、25.50%(重量)的氧化镍、26.5%(重量)的钙、21.45%(重量)的锌、0.05%(重量)的炭黑。添加剂为相当于上述混合物重量的24.0%的氧化钙。目的产物的分离是借助硫酸溶液处理合成产物来实现的。
通过以下对制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法的详细叙述和通过完成这些方法的实施例可清楚了解本发明的其他目的和优点。
根据本发明,为了制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物,使用下列物料作为起始组分:
Ⅰ-单独使用或彼此配合使用元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族的元素、其氧化物、其卤化物。例如,带有元素钨粉末的元素钛粉末;带有氧化钨和带有氯化钨的元素钨粉末;带有元素钨粉末和带有氯化钨的元素钛粉末;带有氧化钨的氧化钛。上述各物质的比例取决于对目的产物所提出的要求(例如化学组成和相组成),并且如众所周知,其比值可从0到1。
Ⅱ-单独使用或彼此配合使用元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ族的元素及其氢化物,例如,金属镁粉末;以任意比例使用带有氢化钙的金属钙粉末混合物;以任意比例使用锂、钙和铝金属粉末混合物;以任意比例使用带有氢化镁的锂、铝金属粉末混合物。上述各种比例取决于要制取的目的产物。
Ⅲ-单独使用或彼此配合使用氮、碳、硼、硅、硫、磷及其氧化物、其卤化物、及其有机化合物。例如,氮;氮和碳;碳和硼;碳和氧化硼;氯化硼和聚苯乙烯;带有氧化硅和带有氯化硅的硅。上述各物质的比例取决于对目的产物所提出的要求。
用上述三组分的混合物来作为合成目的产物的起始配料。根据本发明,使用12.0-80.95%(重量)的组分(Ⅰ),19.00-56.5%(重量)的组分(Ⅱ)以及0.05-31.5%(重量)的组分(Ⅲ)。
当配料中组分(Ⅰ)的含量低于12.0%(重量)时,反应组分的最佳比例受到破坏,结果导致提高燃烧(合成)温度,并且破坏目的产物的相组成和粒度组成的均匀性。
当配料中组分(Ⅰ)的含量超过80.95%(重量)时,会出现该组分过剩,过剩的组分作为不燃成分进入燃烧过程,这就导致该过程在整个反应体积内达到燃烧(合成)之前就停止了扩展,这就破坏了目的产物的相均匀性和粒度均匀性。
当配料中组分(Ⅱ)的含量低于19.0%(重量)时,在合成产物中留有未反应的过剩组分(Ⅰ),并因此破坏了目的产物的粒度均匀性和相均匀性。
当配料中组分(Ⅱ)的含量超过56.5%(重量)时,该过剩组分在合成过程中发生强烈蒸发,这也会破坏目的产物的粒度均匀性和相均匀性。
配料中组分(Ⅲ)的含量根据组分(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)的含量来决定。
根据本发明,向由组分(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)混合所得的配料中加入添加剂:相当于所得混合物重量5-25%的元素周期表中Ⅱ族的金属氧化物,和/或相当于所得混合物重量1-5%的碱金属卤化物,和/或卤化铵,和/或聚苯乙烯,和/或聚乙烯,和/或尿素。
把元素周期表中Ⅱ族的金属以氧化物的形式添加到混合物中可以降低合成过程的温度,因为这些氧化物不分解、不污染最终产物,而目的产物的结晶过程在“适中的”条件下进行。这就可以获得均匀的细弥散粉末。为了保证产物粒度和结构的均匀性,我们从碱土金属氧化物中选择上述氧化物,这就使它与组分(Ⅱ)的氧化物有同一性,这样也很容易从目的产物中清除掉这些氧化物。当这些氧化物的用量少于5%(重量)时,不能保证在合成过程中结晶条件所要求的温度有实质性的降低。上述氧化物的用量高于25%(重量)时,导致燃烧温度降低,这就破坏了所获粉末产物的均匀性。
当向上述组分(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)的混合物中添加碱金属卤化物和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素时,由于它们在合成过程中分解,使合成温度下降,这就可以获得类似于把Ⅱ族金属氧化物加入上述混合物的结果。添加的碱金属卤化物或卤化铵、或聚苯乙烯、或聚乙烯、或尿素的量应当与加入的Ⅱ族金属氧化物的量相匹配。当上述物质分解时,放出大量气态产物,导致在自发燃烧(合成)之前,最终产物的气体静力学发生改变。此外,在分解的添加剂中含有的最终产物充分转化所必需的元素,例如聚合物组成中的碳就是为制取碳化物所必需的,尿素中的氮就是为制取氮化物所必需的。加入碱金属卤化物或卤化铵可以降低合成温度而不污染最终产物。因为形成的气态产物很易挥发掉。使用低于1%(重量)的可分解的添加剂是不够的,因为这不能保证形成足够量的气体。而使用超过5%(重量)的可分解的添加剂导致合成温度降低和最终产物不均匀。
然后在反应器中放入上述准备好的配料,这种反应器应保证自动扩展高温合成,其结构已众所周知。
例如,借助于连接在电压为50-60伏、电流强度为5-20安的电源上的钨电阻丝来点燃上层配料。然后以自动扩展高温合成方式进行目的产物的合成过程。
结果所获合成产物中夹杂有燃烧产生的副产物(组分(Ⅱ)的化合物)。为了从目的产物中除去这些合成产物的夹杂物,将其置于无机酸,例如盐酸或硫酸溶液中进行处理。酸处理后,将目的产物在100-150℃下干燥4-5小时。
所获产物是一种相组成和粒度组成皆均匀的粉末状物质,其粒度为0.1至100微米。所获粉末状产物按其形态很容易与用其他方法获得的类似产物相区别。
所获产物可以用化学法、X射线照相法、X射线结构分析法进行检验。
所建议的方法容许利用更容易获得的和更便宜的原料一氧化物、卤化物代替现有合成工艺中所使用的昂贵并难得的金属粉末来制取具有上述特性的粉末状产物。
此外,所建议的方法容许获得元素周期中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族元素的化合物,这些化合物,由于其中金属与非金属元素的原始组分相互作用时释放的反应热少,故在现有的自动扩展高温合成制度下是不可能获得的,例如碳化硼、碳化钨等。
本发明的实施例
实施例1
取56%(重量)的二氧化钛粉末、35.7%(重量)的镁粉末和8.3%(重量)的炭黑。把粉末装入一个不锈钢桶中并搅拌5小时。然后把相当于粉末重量10%的氧化镁和3%的聚苯乙烯加入桶中。再补充搅拌粉末并将其装入反应器中,装料时把料捣实。盖上反应器,用惰性气体吹2-3次,随后用氩充满,把反应器密封好,然后使用与电压为50-60伏、电流为5-20安的电源连接的钨电阻丝对配料进行局部点燃。这时配料的燃烧温度达到2300℃。在配料燃烧结束后,把反应器与所形成的最终产物一起冷却到18℃。从反应器中取出产物,并将其在盐酸溶液中进行处理。分离出的粉末是一种碳化钛(TiC),它是深灰色的粒度均匀的颗粒,其粒度为2-5微米。产物为单相的,具有NaCl型的立方晶格。
所获的碳化钛可以用作制造硬质合金材料和研磨膏的起始粉末原料而不需进行预处理(研磨、分粒)。
除了上面详细描述的实施例1,我们还进行了145次试验,其试验条件基本上与实施例1相一致,只是在合成过程的物理-化学条件方面有某些改变,也就是温度制度、压力、混合物组成等等,这将示于下表中。
制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法
表
序号 | 所获得的产物 | 配料中各组成的比例 | 添加剂的种类和含量 | 介质 | 介质压力大气压 | |
热稳定的%(重量) | 分解的%(重量) | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
1. TiC TiO255.9 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 1.0
Mg 35.68 4.6 2.8
C 8.42
2. TiC TiO255.9 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 0.5
Mg 35.8 25.0
C 8.3
3. TiC TiO256.0 聚苯乙烯 氩 10
Mg 35.7 CaO
C 8.3 16.0 4.0
4. TiC TiO255.9 CaO 聚乙烯 氦
Mg 35.7
C 8.4 20.3
5. TiC TiO256.2 MgO 聚乙烯 氦
Mg 35.5 2.9 50
C 8.3 0.5
6. TiC TiO251.2 MgO 聚乙烯 氩
Mg 15.5 18 200
Ca 25.6 2.0
C 7.7
序号 | 过程温度 | 化合物形式 | 粒度范围 |
1 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
1 2400 TiC0.971.0-2.0
2 2000 TiC0.960.1-2.0
3 2000 TiC0.950.1-2.0
4 1800 TiC0.92-10
5 2500 TiC0.951.0-6.0
6 2200 TiC0.930.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7. TiC TiO251.2 CaO 聚乙烯 氩 50
Mg 15.5 20.5
Ca 25.6 3.0
C 7.7
8. TiC TiO251.2 CaO 无 氩 150
Mg 15.5 20
Ca 25.6 MgO
C 7.7 5
9. TiC TiO246.6 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 500
Ca 46.5 20
C 6.9 CaO 2.0
10
10. TiC TiO246.6 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 1000
Ca 46.5 20
C 6.9 1.0
11. TiC TiO254.6 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 50
Ca 36.5 20
C 8.9 2.0
12. TiC TiO254.6 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 30
Mg 16.6 15
CaH223.7 5.0
C 5.1
1 8 9 10
7. 2100 TiC0.970.1-2.0
8. 2200 TiC0.970.1-2.0
9. 2400 TiC0.960.1-3.0
10. 2500 TiC0.970.1-2.0
11. 2300 TiC0.960.1-2.0
12. 2100 TiC0.920.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
13. TiC TiO254.6 MgO 无 氩 40
Mg 16.6 5
CaH223.7 CaO
C 5.1 15.0
14. TiC TiO254.6 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 70
Mg 16.6 20.0
CaH222.7 1.0
C 6.1
15. TiCN TiO259.5 MgO CH4ON2氮 90
Mg 36.1 5.0 2.2
C 4.4
16. TiCN TiO259.5 MgO KCl 氮 60
Mg 36.1 15 2.0
C 4.4
17. TiCN TiO259.5 MgO CH4ON2氨 25
Mg 36.1 7.0 2.0
C 4.4
18. TiCN TiO259.5 MgO KCl 氨 30
Mg 36.1 5.0 3.0
C 4.4
19. TiCN TiO252.5 MgO KCl 氮 30
Mg 16.0 10.0 4.0
CaH227.6
C 3.9
1 8 9 10
13. 2200 TiC0.970.1-2.0
14. 2300 TiC0.950.1-5.0
15. 2500 TiC0.5N0.450.1-2.0
16. 2200 TiC0.47N0.420.1-3.0
17. 1800 TiC0.49N0.460.1-2.0
18. 1900 TiC0.49N0.450.1-5.0
19. 1900 TiC0.47N0.470.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20. TiCN TiO252.5 MgO CH4ON2氮 25
Mg 16.0 8.0 4.0
CaH227.6
C 3.9
21. TiCN TiO252.5 CaO KCl 氨 30
Mg 16.0 10.0 4.0
CaH227.6
C 3.9
22. TiCN TiO252.5 CaO CH4ON2氨 70
Mg 16.0 5.0 4.0
CaH227.6
C 3.9
23. TiC-TiB2TiO249.7 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 150
Mg 15.1 15.0
Ca 24.8 CaO
2.0
C 3.7 2.0
B 6.7
24. TiC-TiB2TiO249.7 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 100
Mg 15.1 15.0
Ca 24.8
C 3.7 3.0
B 6.7
1 8 9 10
20. 1800 TiC0.5N0.420.1-3.0
21. 1900 TiC0.5N0.450.1-2.0
22. 2000 TiC0.49N0.450.1-3.0
23. 2400 TiC-TiB20.1-2.0
24. 2500 TiC-TiB20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
25. TiC-TiB2TiO249.7 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 200
Mg 15.1 10.0
Ca 24.8
C 3.7 4.0
B 6.7
26. TiC-TiB2TiO252.7 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 50
Mg 15.1 10.0
Ca 24.8 3.0
C 3.7
B 3.7
27. TiC-SiC TiO240.7 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 30
Mg 12.4 15.0
Ca 20.4 CaO
Si 14.3 2.0
C 12.2
28. TiC-SiC TiO240.7 MgO 无 氩 50
Mg 12.4 15.0
Ca 20.4 CaO
Si 14.3 5.0
C 12.2
1 8 9 10
25. 2300 TiC-TiB20.1-5.0
26. 2400 TiC-TiB20.1-2.0
27. 1900 TiC-SiC 0.1-2.0
28. 1900 TiC-SiC 0.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
29. TiC-SiC TiO240.7 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 70
Mg 12.4 10.0
Ca 20.4 CaO 2.0
Si 14.3 2.0
C 12.2
30. Ti5Si3TiO239.5 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 90
SiO217.7 10.0
Mg 19.2 CaO 2.0
Ca 23.6 10.0
31. TiC-SiC TiO240.7 MgO 无 氩 200
Mg 12.4 2.0
Ca 20.4 CaO
Si 14.3 20.0
C 12.2
32. Ti5Si3TiO239.5 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 100
SiO217.7 15.0
Mg 19.2 4.0
Ca 23.6
33. ZrC ZrO255.9 CaO 聚乙烯 氩 50
CaH238.7 18.0
C 5.4 2.0
1 8 9 10
29. 2000 TiC-SiC 0.1-2.0
30. 1900 Ti5-Si30.1-2.0
31. 2000 TiC-SiC 0.1-2.0
32. 1900 Ti5-Si30.1-3.0
33. 1850 ZrC0.970.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
34. ZrC ZrO255.9 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 70
CaH238.7 15.0
C 5.4 4.0
35. ZrC ZrO255.9 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 70
CaH238.7 16.0
C 5.4 4.0
36. ZrC ZrO255.9 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 70
CaH238.7 10.0
C 5.4 CaO 2.0
10.0
37. ZrCN ZrO263.1 MgO 聚乙烯 氮 110
Mg 12.4 10.0
CaH221.5 CaO 2.0
C 3.0 10.0
38. ZrCN ZrO263.1 MgO 聚乙烯 氮 150
Mg 12.4 18.0
CaH221.5 2.0
C 3.0
39. ZrCN ZrO263.1 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氨 120
Mg 12.4 5.0
CaH221.5 CaO 5.0
C 3.0 5.0
1 8 9 10
34. 1900 ZrC0.960.1-2.0
35. 1900 ZrC0.970.1-3.0
36. 1900 ZrC0.960.1-3.0
37. 2200 ZrC0.49N0.460.1-2.0
38. 2100 ZrC0.48N0.450.1-2.0
39. 1900 ZrC0.49N0.470.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
40. ZrCN ZrO263.1 MgO CH4ON2氮 70
Mg 12.4 20.0 4.0
CaH221.5
C 3.0
41. ZrCN ZrO263.1 MgO KCl 氮 90
Mg 12.4 5.0 2.0
CaH221.5 CaO
C 3.0 10.0
42. ZrCN ZrO263.1 CaO KCl 氨 110
Mg 12.4 18 1.0
CaH221.5
C 3.0
43. ZrC-ZrB2ZrO260.3 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 200
Mg 11.9 18.0
Ca 19.6 2.0
C 2.9
B 5.3
44. ZrC-ZrB2ZrO260.3 CaO 聚乙烯 300
Mg 11.9 20.0 氩
Ca 19.6 2.5
C 2.9
B 5.3
1 8 9 10
40. 2000 ZrC0.47N0.480.1-3.0
41. 1900 ZrC0.48N0.470.1-3.0
42. 1800 ZrC0.49N0.460.1-3.0
43. 2400 ZrC-ZrB20.1-2.0
44. 2400 ZrC-ZrB20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
45. ZrC-ZrB2ZrO260.3 CaO 聚苯乙烯 300
Mg 11.9 20.0 氩
Ca 19.6 3.0
C 2.9
B 5.3
46. ZrC-ZrB2ZrO260.3 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 80
Mg 11.9 18.0
Ca 19.6
C 2.9 2.0
B 5.3
47. ZrC-SiC ZrO255.0 MgO 聚乙烯 700
Mg 21.8 10.0 氩
Si 12.5 CaO 2.0
C 10.7 10.0
48. ZrC-SiC ZrO255.0 MgO 聚乙烯 900
Mg 21.8 20.0 氩
Si 12.5 3.0
C 10.7
49. ZrC-SiC ZrO255.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 1000
Mg 21.8 18.0
Si 12.5 3.0
C 10.7
1 8 9 10
45. 2400 ZrC-ZrB20.1-2.0
46. 2300 ZrC-ZrB20.1-2.0
47. 2200 ZrC-SiC 0.1-2.0
48. 2300 ZrC-SiC 0.1-2.0
49. 2200 ZrC-SiC 0.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
50. ZrC-SiC ZrO255.0 CaO 聚苯乙烯 800
Mg 21.8 15.0 氩
Si 12.5 5.0
C 10.7
51. ZrC-SiC ZrO255.0 CaO 聚苯乙烯 1000
Mg 21.8 10.0 氩
Si 12.5 MgO 4.0
C 10.7 5.0
52. ZrO252.9 MgO NaCl 200
CaH236.9 16.4 2.7 氩
B 10.2
53. ZrB2ZrO252.9 CaO NaCl 180
CaH236.9 18.0 2.0 氩
B 10.2
54. ZrB2ZrO252.9 CaO 聚乙烯 200
CaH236.9 10.0 氩
B 10.2 MgO 2.0
10.0
55. ZrSi2ZrO230.8 CaO 聚苯乙烯 100
MgH239.1 8.7 氩
SiO230.1 4.3
1 8 9 10
50. 2100 ZrC-SiC 0.1-5.0
51. 2200 ZrC-SiC 0.1-3.0
52. 1850 ZrB23.0-10
53. 1800 ZrB20.1-3.5
54. 1850 ZrB20.1-3.5
55. 2300 ZrSi20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
56. ZrSi2ZrO230.8 CaO 聚乙烯 50
MgH239.1 5.0 氩
SiO230.1 MgO 2.0
15.0
57. ZrSi2ZrO230.8 MgO NaCl 50
MgH239.1 18.0 5.0 氩
SiO230.1
58. ZrSi2ZrO230.8 CaO NaCl 90
MgH239.1 15.0 4.0 氩
SiO230.1
59. CaB6CaO 12.0 MgO 聚乙烯 50
Mg 56.5 12.8 氩
B2O331.5 1.7
60. CaB6CaO 12.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 40
Mg 56.5 15.0 氩
B2O331.5 2.5
61. CaB6CaO 11.0 MgO 聚乙烯 50
Mg 47.4 5.0 氩
B2O341.6 CaO 2.0
5.0
62. LaB6LaCl365.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 50
B 16.0 8.7 氩
Ca 19.0 4.3
1 8 9 10
56. 2200 ZrSi21.0-5.0
57. 2100 ZrSi21.0-3.0
58. 2200 ZrSi20.1-2.0
59. 1750 CaB60.1-2.0
60. 1700 CaB60.1-2.0
61. 1750 CaB60.1-2.0
62. 1750 LaB60.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
63. LaB6LaCl365.0 MgO 聚乙烯 40
B 16.0 15.0 氩
Ca 19.0 4.0
64. LaB6LaCl365.0 CaO 聚乙烯 50
B 16.0 12.0 氩
Ca 19.0 3.0
65. LaB6LaCl365.0 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 70
B 16.0 5.0
Ca 19.0 MgO 2.0
10.0
66. TaC Ta2O575.4 MgO 聚乙烯 90
Mg 20.6 12.0 氩
C 4.0 2.0
67. TaC Ta2O575.4 CaO 聚乙烯 70
Mg 20.6 15.0
C 4.0 2.5
68. TaC Ta2O575.4 CaO 聚苯乙烯 100
Mg 20.6 5.0 氩
C 4.0 MgO 1.5
10.5
69. TaC Ta2O575.4 CaO 聚苯乙烯 100
Mg 20.6 14.0 氩
C 4.0 2.5
1 8 9 10
63. 1700 LaB60.1-2.0
64. 1750 LaB60.1-2.0
65. 1750 LaB60.1-2.0
66. 2000 TaC 0.1-2.0
67. 1900 TaC 0.1-2.0
68. 2000 TaC 0.1-2.0
69. 1900 TaC 0.1-2.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
70. TaB2Ta2O543.0 MgO NaCl 70
Ca 43.0 8.7 4.3 氩
B2O314.0
71. TaB2Ta2O543.0 MgO NaCl 50
Ca 43.0 14.0 4.0 氩
B2O314.0
72. TaC-TaB2Ta2O569.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 50
B2O39.7 11.5 氩
C 2.3 2.0
Mg 19.0
73. TaC-TaB2Ta2O569.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 50
B2O39.7 5.0 氩
C 2.3 CaO 3.0
Mg 19.0 10.0
74. TaC-TaB2Ta2O569.0 MgO 聚乙烯 40
B2O39.7 15.0 氩
C 2.3 4.0
Mg 19.0
75. TaC-TaB2Ta2O574.0 CaO 聚乙烯 40
B2O311.8 15.5 氩
C 2.0 3.5
Mg 12.2
1 8 9 10
70. 2200 TaB20.1-2.0
71. 2000 TaB20.1-3.0
72. 1900 TaC-TaB20.1-3.0
73. 1900 TaC-TaB20.1-2.0
74. 1800 TaC-TaB20.1-3.0
75. 1800 TaC-TaB20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
76. TaCN Ta2O567.5 CaO KCl 氮 70
Ca 30.7 15.0 3.0
C 1.8
77. TaCN Ta2O567.5 CaO CH4ON2氮 50
Ca 30.7 5.0 3.0
C 1.8 MgO
5.0
78. TaCN Ta2O567.5 MgO CH4ON2氨 50
Ca 30.7 15.0 2.0
C 1.8
79. TaCN Ta2O567.5 CaO KCl 肼 70
Ca 30.7 14.0 2.5
C 1.8
80. TaCN Ta2O567.5 MgO KCl 肼 50
Ca 30.7 18.0 1.5
C 1.8
81. TaC-SiC Ta2O562.8 MgO 聚乙烯 90
CaH211.9 15.0
Mg 10.5 3.0 氩
Si 8.0
C 6.8
1 8 9 10
76. 2000 TaC0.48N0.460.1-2.0
77. 1900 TaC0.49N0.460.1-2.0
78. 1800 TaC0.49N0.460.1-2.5
79. 1900 TaC0.49N0.470.1-2.5
80. 1800 TaC0.48N0.470.1-2.0
81. 2100 TaC-SiC 0.1-2.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
82. TaC-SiC Ta2O562.8 CaO 聚乙烯 80
CaH211.9 18.0
Mg 10.5 2.0 氩
Si 8.0
C 6.8
83. TaC-SiC Ta2O562.8 CaO 聚苯乙烯 80
CaH211.9 15.0
Mg 10.5 3.0 氩
Si 8.0
C 6.8
84. TaC-SiC Ta2O562.8 MgO 聚苯乙烯 70
CaH211.9 15.0 氩
Mg 10.5 2.0
Si 8.0
C 6.8
85. MoSi2MoO333.3 MgO 聚苯乙烯 90
SiO227.7 19.2 氩
Mg 39.0 3.8
86. MoSi2MoO333.3 MgO 聚苯乙烯 80
SiO227.7 18.0 氩
Mg 39.0 4.0
1 8 9 10
82. 2050 TaC-SiC 0.1-3.0
83. 2050 TaC-SiC 0.1-3.0
84. 2000 TaC-SiC 0.1-2.0
85. 2100 MoSi20.1-2.0
86. 2100 MoSi20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
87. MoSi2MoO333.3 CaO 聚乙烯 70
SiO227.7 15.0 氩
Mg 39.0 5.0
88. MoSi2MoO333.3 CaO 聚苯乙烯 70
SiO227.7 18.0 氩
Mg 3.0
89. Cr3O2Cr2O344.5 CaO 聚苯乙烯 60
Ca 50.8 16.3 氩
C 4.7 2.4
90. Cr3C2Cr2O344.5 MgO 聚苯乙烯 70
Ca 50.8 15.0 氩
C 4.7 2.5
91. Cr3C2Cr2O344.5 MgO 聚乙烯 80
Ca 50.8 5.0 氩
C 4.7 CaO 2.0
10.0
92. Cr3C2Cr2O344.5 MgO 聚乙烯 70
Ca 50.8 15.0 氩
C 4.7 3.0
93. MnB MnCl257.2 MgO NaCl 70
Mg 27.0 5.0 3.0 氩
B2O315.8
1 8 9 10
87. 2000 MoSi20.1-2.5
88. 2000 MoSi20.1-2.0
89. 2000 Cr3C20.1-2.0
90. 2000 Cr3C20.1-2.0
91. 1900 Cr3C20.1-2.5
92. 1900 Cr3C20.1-2.0
93. 1900 MnB 0.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
94. MnB MnCl257.2 CaO NaCl 70
Mg 27.0 15.0 4.0 氩
B2O315.8
95. LaC2La2O365.8 CaO 聚乙烯 60
Ca 24.5 10.0 氩
C 9.7 5.0
96. LaC2La2O365.8 CaO 聚苯乙烯 50
Ca 24.5 15.0 氩
C 9.7 4.0
97. LaC2La2O365.8 MgO 聚乙烯 60
Ca 24.5 15.0 氩
C 9.7 3.0
98. LaC2La2O365.8 MgO 聚苯乙烯 60
Ca 24.5 10.0 氩
C 9.7 CaO 3.0
5.0
99. W2C WO371.0 BaO 聚乙烯 90
MgH225.0 19.2 氩
C 4.0 3.8
100. W2C WO371.0 MgO 聚苯乙烯 80
MgH225.0 15.0 氩
C 4.0 3.0
1 8 9 10
94. 1800 MnB 0.1-2.0
95. 1800 LaC20.1-2.0
96. 1750 LaC20.1-2.5
97. 1800 LaC20.1-2.0
98. 1800 LaC20.1-2.5
99. 2000 W2C 1-5
100. 1900 W2C 1-3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
101. W2C WO371.0 CaO 聚乙烯 70
MgH225.0 18.0 氩
C 4.0 4.0
102. W2C WCl668.9 CaO 聚乙烯 70
Zn 20.9 10.0 氩
Al 9.0 3.0
C 1.2
103. W2C WCl668.9 MgO 聚乙烯 60
Zn 20.9 15.0 氩
Al 9.0 4.0
C 1.2
104. W2C WCl668.9 MgO 聚苯乙烯 60
Zn 20.9 18.0 氩
Al 9.0 1.5
C 1.2
105. W2C WCl668.9 CaO 聚苯乙烯 50
Zn 20.9 16.0 氩
Al 9.0 2.0
C 4.2
106. Mo2C MoO353.4 MgO 聚乙烯 5
Mg 18.1 17.5 氩
Zn 24.1 2.0
C 4.4
1 8 9 10
101. 1850 W2C 0.1-2.0
102. 1950 W2C 0.1-4.0
103. 1800 W2C 0.1-4.0
104. 1800 W2C 0.1-4.0
105. 1750 W2C 0.1-4.0
106. 2000 Mo2C 0.1-2.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
107. Mo2C MoO353.4 CaO 聚苯乙烯 5
Mg 18.1 10.0 氩
Zn 24.1 MgO 1.5
C 4.4 5.0
108. Mo2C MoO353.4 CaO 聚乙烯 10
Mg 18.1 18.0 氩
Zn 24.1 2.5
C 4.4
109. MoB2MoO330.2 MgO 聚苯乙烯 10
Zn 41.2 15.0 氩
Mg 15.3 2.5
B2O313.3
110. MoB2MoO330.2 MgO 聚乙烯 15
Zn 41.2 18.0 氩
Mg 15.3 2.0
B2O313.3
111. MoB2MoO330.2 CaO 聚苯乙烯 15
Zn 41.2 18.0 氩
Mg 15.3 2.0
B2O313.3
112. MoB2MoO330.2 CaO 聚乙烯 20
Zn 41.2 10.0 氩
Mg 15.3 MgO 2.0
B2O313.3 10.0
1 8 9 10
107. 1900 Mo2C 0.1-2.5
108. 1950 Mo2C 0.1-2.0
109. 2100 MoB20.1-3.0
110. 2100 MoB20.1-3.0
111. 2000 MoB20.1-3.5
112. 1900 MoB20.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
113. Fe4C Fe2O354.9 MgO 聚苯乙烯 50
Ca 41.0 12.5 氩
C 4.1 4.2
114. Fe4C Fe2O354.9 MgO 聚乙烯 15
Ca 41.0 18.0 氩
C 4.1 2.2
115. Fe4C Fe2O354.9 MgO 聚乙烯 20
Ca 41.0 5.0 氩
C 4.1 CaO 1.5
10.0
116. NiB NiO 68.3 MgO 聚乙烯 50
Mg 21.9 17.0 氩
B 9.8 3.0
117. NiB NiO 68.3 MgO 聚乙烯 30
Mg 21.9 10.0 氩
B 9.8 2.0
118. NiB NiO 68.3 CaO 聚苯乙烯 50
Mg 21.9 15.0 氩
B 9.8 3.0
119. CoB2CoO 24.5 MgO 聚乙烯 30
Ca 52.5 16.3 氩
B2O323.0 2.4
1 8 9 10
113. 1900 Fe4C 0.1-2.0
114. 1900 Fe4C 0.1-2.0
115. 1950 Fe4C 0.1-2.0
116. 2200 NiB 0.1-2.5
117. 2100 NiB 0.1-2.0
118. 2200 NiB 0.1-3.0
119. 2100 CoB20.1-2.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
120. CoB2CoO 24.5 MgO 聚苯乙烯 50
Ca 52.5 16.5 氩
B2O323.0 2.5
121. CoB2CoO 24.5 MgO 聚乙烯 80
Ca 52.5 5.0 氩
B2O323.0 CaO
15.0
122. TiN TiO262.9 MgO CH4ON2氨 30
Mg 37.1 8.8 2.7
123. TiN TiO262.9 MgO KCl 氮 60
Mg 37.1 15.0 3.0
124. TiN TiO262.9 CaO KCl 氮 90
Mg 37.1 18.0 3.0
125. ZrN ZrO271.0 CaO KCl 肼 70
Mg 29.0 12.9 1.2
126. ZrN ZrO271.0 MgO CH4ON2氨 50
Mg 29.0 18.0 2.0
127. ZrN ZrO271.0 MgO KCl 氮 70
Mg 29.0 15.0 1.5
128. Nb2N Nb2O546.0 CaO NaNO3氮 1000
Ca 54.0 10 3.0
129. Nb2N Nb2O546.0 MgO NaNO3氨 700
Ca 54.0 15.0 5.0
1 8 9 10
120. 2100 CoB20.1-2.5
121. 2000 CoB20.1-2.0
122. 1860 TiN0.930.1-2.0
123. 1950 TiN0.930.1-2.0
124. 2100 TiN0.950.1-2.5
125. 2050 ZrN0.980.1-2.0
126. 1980 ZrN0.960.1-2.5
127. 2000 ZrN0.95 0.1-2.5
128. 2000 Nb2N 0.1-2.0
129. 2100 Nb2N 0.1-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
130. TaN Ta2O577.0 MgO KCl 氨 80
MgH213.0 10.0 1.5
CaH210.0 CaO
5.0
131. TaN Ta2O577.0 MgO NaNO3氮 10
MgH213.0 5.0 4.0
CaH210.0
132. TaN Ta2O577.0 CaO CH4ON2氮 40
MgH213.0 20.0 2.0
CaH210.0
133. AlN Al2O344.6 CaO CH4ON2肼 200
CaH255.4 10.0 3.7
134. AlN Al2O344.6 MgO NaNO3氮 100
CaH255.4 15.0 2.0
135. AlN Al2O344.6 CaO CH4ON2氮 180
CaH255.4 10.0 2.0
MgO
5.0
136. NB B2O355.0 MgO 无 氮 200
Mg 45.0 10.0
137. Li2C Li2CO365.0 MgO 无 50
Mg 30.0 5.0 氩
C 5.0
1 8 9 10
130. 2000 TaN 0.1-2.5
131. 2100 TaN 0.1-3.0
132. 2200 TaN 0.1-2.5
133. 2000 AlN 0.1-2.0
134. 2100 AlN 0.1-2.5
135. 2200 AlN 0.1-2.0
136. 2200 NB 0.1-5.0
137. 1900 Li2C 0.1-3.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
138. Ti-Ni TiO226.5 CaO 无 氩 20
NiO 35.5 24.0
Ca 26.5
Zn 21.45
C 0.05
139. Fe-Cr Fe2O335.7 MgO 无 氩 30
Cr2O333.6 18.0
Mg 21.4
CaH29.2
C 0.1
140. Fe-Co Fe2O35.79 MgO 无 氮 10
CoO 68.10 22.0
Mg 21.80
Ca 4.22
C 0.09
141. W-Re WO372.5 MgO 聚乙烯 氩 1
Re 5.0 25.0
Mg 22.4 1.0
C 0.1
142. Zr-W ZrF447.0 MgO 无 氩 5
WCl636.5 10.0
Al 15.0 CaO
WO31.45 15.0
C 0.05
1 8 9 10
138. 1600 Ti-Ni 2.0-5.0
139. 1500 Fe-Cr 3.0-5.0
140. 1560 Fe-Co 1.0-3.0
141. 1580 W-Re 1.0-3.0
142. 1700 Zr-W 1.0-2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
143. Mo-Cu Ca2O 35.0 MgO 无 氩 0.5
MoCl245.0 25.0
Mg 19.8
C 0.2
144. MgB6B2O346.7 MgO 聚苯乙烯 氩 15
Mg 53.3 10 1.5
145. TiC·MoC Mo 8.8 CaO 聚乙烯 氩 20
TiO249.5 12.0
Mg 33.7 2
146. WC·TaC Ta 26.5 CaO 聚苯乙烯 氩 30
WO355.0 18.0
Mg 15.0 2.5
C 4.0
1 8 9 10
143. 1500 MoCu 2.0-5.0
144 1800 MgB60.1-2.0
145 1950 TiC·MoC 0.1-2.0
146 2050 WC·TaC 1.0-2.5
Claims (5)
1、制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法,包括配料的准备,使配料中含有元素周期表中Ⅳ-Ⅵ族的元素和选自含氮、碳、硼、硅、硫、磷一组中的元素,把这些配料加进反应区,在反应区实现目的产物的自动扩展高温合成,然后从反应区中分离出目的产物,其特征在于,在使用的配料中添加有下列物质:
-至少元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ族和Ⅶ-Ⅷ族中的一种元素,
-和/或至少元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ族元素中的一种氢化物,
-和/或至少元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族元素中的一种氧化物、一种卤化物,
-和由氮、和/或碳、和/或硼、和/或硅、和/或硫、和/或磷所形成的至少一种氧化物、和/或至少一种卤化物、和/或至少一种有机化合物,
-和碱金属卤化物、和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素,而目的产物的分离是借助无机酸溶液处理合成产物的方法来实现的。
2、根据权利要求1所述的制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法,其特征在于,所用的配料由下列混合物和添加剂组成,混合物含有12.00-80.95%(重量)的至少元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅷ族中的一种元素、和/或至少一种氧化物、和/或至少一种卤化物,
0.05-31.50%(重量)的氮、和/或碳、和/或硼、和/或硅、和/或硫、和/或磷、和/或上述元素中的任一种氧化物、和/或上述元素中的任一种卤化物、和/或上述元素中的任一种有机化合物,
19.0-56.5%(重量)的至少元素周期表中Ⅰ-Ⅲ中的一种金属、和/或至少一种这些金属的氢化物。
添加剂的重量相当于上述混合物重量的1-25%,添加剂的组成包括元素周期表中Ⅱ族中的金属氧化物、和/或碱金属卤化物、和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,配料中含有添加剂,这种添加剂含有重量为上述混合物重量的5-25%的元素周期表中Ⅱ族金属氧化物和/或重量为上述混合物重量1-5%的碱金属卤化物、和/或卤化铵、和/或聚苯乙烯、和/或聚乙烯、和/或尿素。
4、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,使用这样的配料,其中含有由56.0%(重量)的二氧化钛、8.3%(重量)的碳、35.7%(重量)的镁组成的混合物和由相当于上述混合物重量10.0%的氧化镁和3.0%的聚苯乙烯组成的添加剂,而目的产物的分离是通过用盐酸溶液处理合成产物的方法来实现的。
5、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,使用这样的配料,其中含有由26.50%(重量)的二氧化钛、25.50%(重量)的氧化镍、26.50%(重量)的钙、21.45%(重量)的锌、0.05%(重量)的炭黑组成的混合物和由相当于上述混合物重量24.0%的氧化钙组成的添加剂,而目的产物的分离是通过用硫酸溶液处理合成产物的方法来实现的。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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SU4390733 | 1988-03-22 | ||
SU4390733 | 1988-03-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1041554A true CN1041554A (zh) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=21360609
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CN89103104A Pending CN1041554A (zh) | 1988-03-22 | 1989-03-21 | 制取粉末状难熔无机化合物和金属组合物的方法 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH01278403A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1041554A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATA62189A (zh) |
CH (1) | CH679854A5 (zh) |
CS (1) | CS274771B2 (zh) |
DD (1) | DD283654A5 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3908715A1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2629078A1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2218711B (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT53842A (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1233763B (zh) |
NL (1) | NL8900695A (zh) |
SE (1) | SE8900918L (zh) |
YU (1) | YU56289A (zh) |
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CN109775674A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 青岛瓷兴新材料有限公司 | 一种氮化硅镁粉体的制备方法 |
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US5932505A (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1999-08-03 | Rutgers, The State University | Hydrofluoric acid resistant ceramic mortar |
US7794580B2 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2010-09-14 | Materials & Electrochemical Research Corp. | Thermal and electrochemical process for metal production |
JP5220353B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 自己伝播高温合成方法 |
RU2525174C1 (ru) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Алтайский государстенный университет" | Способ получения сульфида металла |
KR101691410B1 (ko) * | 2014-08-13 | 2017-01-02 | 주식회사 나노테크 | 탄질화티타늄 분말의 제조 방법 |
RU2697140C1 (ru) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-08-12 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А.Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук | Способ получения порошка на основе тугоплавких соединений |
CN113185300A (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-30 | 兰州理工大学 | 一种宏量粒度可控ZrB2粉体的制备方法 |
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US2886454A (en) * | 1955-09-30 | 1959-05-12 | Western Carbide Corp | Process for the manufacture of metallic carbides |
US3486881A (en) * | 1967-04-10 | 1969-12-30 | Du Pont | Preparation of cobalt/tungsten carbide mixtures |
US3726643A (en) * | 1970-04-09 | 1973-04-10 | I Khim Fiz Akademii Nauk | Method of producing refractory carbides,borides,silicides,sulfides,and nitrides of metals of groups iv,v,and vi of the periodic system |
SU617485A1 (ru) * | 1975-06-26 | 1978-07-30 | Отделение Ордена Ленина Институт Химической Физик Ан Ссср | Способ получени тугоплавких неорганически материалов |
JPS5226400A (en) * | 1975-08-26 | 1977-02-26 | Nippon Shinkinzoku Kk | Process for recovering valuable metals from metallic scraps as simple carbide or as solid solution |
US4058592A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1977-11-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Preparation of sub-micron metal oxide powders from chloride-containing compounds |
JPS5627441A (en) * | 1979-08-14 | 1981-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Printer unit |
US4431448A (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1984-02-14 | Merzhanov Alexandr G | Tungsten-free hard alloy and process for producing same |
JPS60168534A (ja) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-09-02 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | 砥粒合成方法 |
US4834963A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1989-05-30 | Kennametal Inc. | Macrocrystalline tungsten monocarbide powder and process for producing |
-
1989
- 1989-03-15 SE SE8900918A patent/SE8900918L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-03-16 IT IT8941550A patent/IT1233763B/it active
- 1989-03-16 DE DE3908715A patent/DE3908715A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1989-03-17 AT AT0062189A patent/ATA62189A/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-03-20 DD DD89326755A patent/DD283654A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-03-20 YU YU00562/89A patent/YU56289A/xx unknown
- 1989-03-20 CH CH1013/89A patent/CH679854A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-03-21 GB GB8906445A patent/GB2218711B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-21 NL NL8900695A patent/NL8900695A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-03-21 CN CN89103104A patent/CN1041554A/zh active Pending
- 1989-03-21 HU HU891373A patent/HUT53842A/hu unknown
- 1989-03-22 FR FR8903774A patent/FR2629078A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-03-22 JP JP1070310A patent/JPH01278403A/ja active Pending
- 1989-03-22 CS CS176289A patent/CS274771B2/cs unknown
Cited By (1)
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CN109775674A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 青岛瓷兴新材料有限公司 | 一种氮化硅镁粉体的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE8900918L (sv) | 1989-09-23 |
CS176289A2 (en) | 1990-10-12 |
HUT53842A (en) | 1990-12-28 |
IT8941550A0 (it) | 1989-03-16 |
CH679854A5 (zh) | 1992-04-30 |
JPH01278403A (ja) | 1989-11-08 |
DE3908715A1 (de) | 1989-10-05 |
IT1233763B (it) | 1992-04-14 |
NL8900695A (nl) | 1989-10-16 |
CS274771B2 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
GB2218711A (en) | 1989-11-22 |
GB8906445D0 (en) | 1989-05-04 |
FR2629078A1 (fr) | 1989-09-29 |
YU56289A (en) | 1990-12-31 |
GB2218711B (en) | 1992-02-26 |
SE8900918D0 (sv) | 1989-03-15 |
DD283654A5 (de) | 1990-10-17 |
ATA62189A (de) | 1992-01-15 |
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