CN104150979A - Microbial compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150979A CN104150979A CN201410418271.9A CN201410418271A CN104150979A CN 104150979 A CN104150979 A CN 104150979A CN 201410418271 A CN201410418271 A CN 201410418271A CN 104150979 A CN104150979 A CN 104150979A
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Abstract
The invention provides a microbial agent including ensifer adhaerens, acinetobacter calcoaceticus and flavobacterium chungangense. The invention also provides a compound fertilizer including the microbial agent, humic acid and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein the number of the microbial agent is 1-500000000/g, and the mass ratio of humic acid to the inorganic fertilizer is 7:3. The inorganic fertilizer contains three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 8:30:4. The microbial compound fertilizer is rich in nutrition and comprehensive in functions, and can significantly improve the yield and quality of cucumber. Compared with a common chemical fertilizer, under a condition of the same amount of input, the microbial compound fertilizer can allows the yield to be increased by 10-60% and the soluble sugar to be increased by 10-20%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of microbiological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
A large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer make the sustainable use of food safety, ecological environmental protection and resource become the three large problems that world today's agricultural development faces, and are also the significant problems that is related to China's national economy.And microbial fertilizer has fertilizing soil fertility, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce content, the lifting agricultural product quality and safety of nitric nitrogen, heavy metal, agricultural chemicals in farming product, purify and rehabilitating soil ecotope, improve the features such as farm crop resistance.The popularization of microbial fertilizer and use are maintain and increase soil fertility, keep soil health, preserve the ecological environment, and realize the important support of agricultural sustainable development and agricultural product quality and safety.Yet although current microbial fertilizer product category is various, most products all exist nutrition comprehensive not, function singleness, the problem such as compatibility is unreasonable.Therefore the research of Efforts To Develop microbial fertilizer, significant to alleviating the significant problems such as China's grain, the energy, environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of microbiological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof and application, thereby make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
First the present invention provides a kind of microbiobacterial agent, includes adhesion arrow bacterium (Ensifer adhaerens), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) and firm Flavobacterium of spring (Flavobacterium chungangense).
In above-mentioned microbial inoculum, the quantity of adhesion arrow bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and firm Flavobacterium of spring is than being 2:1:2.
Above-mentioned microbiobacterial agent, its a kind of concrete preparation method is as follows:
The arrow bacterium (Ensifer adhaerens) of adhering, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) and firm Flavobacterium of spring (Flavobacterium chungangense) carry out respectively shaking table enlarged culturing, seeding tank fermentation and ferment tank; The substratum using is as follows: sucrose 1%, and sodium-chlor 0.02%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, ammonium sulfate 0.1%, yeast extract paste 0.1%, iron(ic) chloride 0.0005%, calcium carbonate 0.01%, the pH of substratum is 7.0; After fermentation, the number of viable of bacterium liquid reaches 10～4,000,000,000/ml; The nutrient solution of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium is mixed in proportion, make microbiobacterial agent.
The present invention also provides a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, includes above-mentioned microbiobacterial agent and humic acid and inorganic fertilizer; Wherein the quantity of microbiobacterial agent is 1～500,000,000/gram, and the mass ratio of humic acid and inorganic fertilizer is 7:3.
Described inorganic fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of elements of potassium, and N:P
2o
5: K
2the ratio of O is 8:30:4.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is as follows:
Mentioned microorganism microbial inoculum is adsorbed onto on humic acid, after drying in the shade, then adds inorganic fertilizer to complete preparation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, microbiological compound fertilizer of the present invention is nutritious, and complete function can significantly improve the yield and quality of cucumber.Compare with common chemical fertilizer, in the situation that equivalent drops into, can make output improve 10-60%, soluble sugar improves 10-20%.
2, the function yeast in microbiological compound fertilizer of the present invention can promote rhizosphere to form good ecotope, promote beneficial microorganism propagation, be beneficial to the growth of crop, also can improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, activation and the potential nutrients of assisting in release soil, improve resistibility and the immunizing power of crop, suppress disease and pest.
3, the humic acid in microbiological compound fertilizer can provide sufficient organic matter for plant growth, secondly can also improve soil, stimulating plant growth, improve crop quality, increase fertilizer efficiency, strengthen the anti-adversities such as disease-resistant, insect-prevention, especially to melon and fruit class, can promote neat appearance, improve sugar degree, mouthfeel is sweet crisp, and color and luster is attractive in appearance.
4, microbiological compound fertilizer can greatly reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer, thereby can reduce the pollution problems such as a series of water that chemical fertilizer brings, soil, air, and this seriously relies on chemical fertilizer to changing China's agriculture production, and strengthening Agro-ecology protection aspect can the very large help of use.
Embodiment
Microbiological compound fertilizer of the present invention is nutritious, complete function, and the soil beneficial microorganism wherein containing can be by nutrition is provided, and the mechanism such as secreting hormone promotes plant growth; Inorganic fertilizer provides sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition for crop; Fertilizer is humic acid provides abundant carbon source and other nutritional factor for crop.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention process process is done to detailed description.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of microbiobacterial agent
Utilize selective medium Ah Xu shellfish substratum (N.F,USP MANNITOL 1%, potassium primary phosphate 0.02%, magnesium sulfate 0.02%, sodium-chlor 0.02%, calcium sulfate 0.01%, calcium carbonate 0.5% pH7.0) screens the microorganism with nitrogen fixing capacity from environment, by Acetylene Reduction method, measure its nitrogen fixing capacity, therefrom select the microorganism with stronger nitrogen fixing capacity.
Utilize and separate inorganic phosphorus selective medium (sodium-chlor 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 0.03%, Repone K 0.03%, ammonium sulfate 0.05%, ferrous sulfate 0.003%, manganous sulfate 0.003%, calcium phosphate 0.5%, glucose 1% pH7.0) screens the microorganism with phosphorus decomposing ability from environment, by molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, measure its phosphorus decomposing ability, therefrom select the microorganism having compared with strong solution phosphorus ability.
Utilize potassium decomposing selective medium (Sodium phosphate dibasic 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, iron(ic) chloride 0.0005%, sucrose 0.5%, calcium carbonate 0.01%, feldspar in powder 0.1%, agar 2%, pH7.0) microorganism that screening has ability of dissolving potassium from environment, by its ability of dissolving potassium of flame atomic absorption spectrometry, therefrom selects the microorganism having compared with strong solution phosphorus ability.
The microorganism with more strong nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, ability of dissolving potassium selecting from environment is carried out to antagonistic effect, select mutually to antagonistic action, mutually promote, the vinelandii of function synergic, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria build microbiobacterial agent.
Finally selected vinelandii adhesion arrow bacterium (Ensifer adhaerens), phosphate solubilizing bacteria Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) and potassium solubilizing bacteria Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium chungangense) built and had complementary functions, collaborative microbiobacterial agent, adhesion arrow bacterium (Ensifer adhaerens) wherein has stronger nitrogen fixing capacity, airborne nitrogen can be changed into the nitrogenous fertilizer that can be absorbed by plants, promote Nitrogen Cycling metabolism, endlessly for plant provides nitrogen nutrition; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) has stronger phosphorus decomposing ability, can decompose insoluble Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) in soil, make it change the available phosphorus that crop can directly absorb into, promote phosphorus element cyclic metabolism, for plant provides a large amount of phosphorus element nutrition.Firm Flavobacterium of spring (Flavobacterium chungangense) has stronger ability of dissolving potassium, can be by the potassium ore in soil, fixedly potassium decomposition and inversion becomes the effective potassium being absorbed and used by plants, promote potassium circulation metabolism, for plant-growth provides sufficient potassium nutrition.Three kinds of bacterium are worked in coordination with mutually provides sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition for crop.
The arrow bacterium (Ensifer adhaerens) of adhering, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) and three bacterial strains of firm Flavobacterium of spring (Flavobacterium chungangense) carry out respectively shaking table enlarged culturing, seeding tank fermentation and ferment tank.Used medium is prepared as follows: sucrose 1%, and sodium-chlor 0.02%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, ammonium sulfate 0.1%, yeast extract paste 0.1%, iron(ic) chloride 0.0005%, calcium carbonate 0.01%, the pH of substratum is 7.0.After fermentation, the number of viable of bacterium liquid reaches 10～4,000,000,000/ml.By the nutrient solution of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium, with 2:1:2, (volume, ratio L) is mixed, and makes microbiobacterial agent.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of microbiological compound fertilizer
The microbiobacterial agent of preparation in embodiment 1 is adsorbed with humic acid, and ratio of adsorption volume (L)/quality (kg) is bacterium liquid: humic acid=1:34, then stirs.Stirring after humic acid absorption, does not lump and is as the criterion with loose.Put shady and cool place dry after, add 30% chemical fertilizer.Each component of chemical fertilizer and ratio are: potassium primary phosphate: diammonium phosphate is 1:4.44.
The effect of microbiological compound fertilizer on green cucumber
1), for examination soil
Preceding crop: corn
Soil type: black earth
Soil analysis result: pH:6.8, organic matter: 23.5g/kg, full nitrogen: 1.42g/kg, full phosphorus: 107mg/kg, full potassium: 3.1g/kg, slowly available potassium: 270mg/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen: 147mg/kg, available potassium: 376mg/kg, available phosphorus: 6mg/kg.
2), experimental cultivar: golden product rising star cucumber
3), experimental technique
3 processing are established in experiment:
Process one, microbiological compound fertilizer 68kg/667m
2;
Process two, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (without microbiobacterial agent) 68kg/667m
2;
Process three, do not apply fertilizer.
Experiment random alignment, repeats community area 40m for three times
2.
Experiment fertilizer divides and applies for three times, and a base manure, topdresses for twice.Trench digging 10cm left and right earthing, other level of management are consistent.The program request of digging pit, spacing 33～38cm, in each hole, sowing is 2 to 3.
4), the impact of different treatment on cucumber yield
In 21 days of cucumber fruiting period, the weight of adding up each community cucumber.
The cucumber yield of table 1 different fertilization
Result is as shown in table 1, and the ultimate production of processing a ratio processing three is slightly high, has increased by 18%, and difference is not remarkable.Than processing two, increased by 60%, difference is extremely remarkable.This explanation, in the plantation of cucumber, is used microbiological compound fertilizer and is better than Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, can reach good effect of increasing production.
5), the impact of different treatment on cucumber quality
5 cucumber of each community random choose carry out Vc content and soluble sugar is measured.
The cucumber quality of table 2 different fertilization
As shown in table 2, the Vc content of processing a ratio processing three is lower slightly, has reduced by 31%, than processing two, has increased by 87%, and difference is extremely remarkable.Processing one has increased by 14% than the soluble sugar content of processing three, than processing two, has increased by 19%, significant difference.This explanation, in the plantation of cucumber, is used microbiological compound fertilizer and is better than common fertilizer, can reach the effect of good raising crop quality.
Claims (7)
1. a microbiobacterial agent, is characterized in that, described microbiobacterial agent includes adhesion arrow bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and firm Flavobacterium of spring.
2. microbiobacterial agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the quantity of described adhesion arrow bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and firm Flavobacterium of spring is than being 2:1:2.
3. the preparation method of microbiobacterial agent claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described preparation method arrow bacterium of first adhering, and firm Flavobacterium of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and spring carries out respectively enlarged culturing; The substratum using is as follows: sucrose 1%, and sodium-chlor 0.02%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, ammonium sulfate 0.1%, yeast extract paste 0.1%, iron(ic) chloride 0.0005%, calcium carbonate 0.01%, the pH of substratum is 7.0; The nutrient solution of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium is mixed in proportion, make microbiobacterial agent.
4. a Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, is characterized in that, described Chemical Mixed Fertilizer includes microbiobacterial agent claimed in claim 1, humic acid and inorganic fertilizer.
5. Chemical Mixed Fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that described humic acid and the mass ratio of inorganic fertilizer are 7:3.
6. Chemical Mixed Fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that described inorganic fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and N:P
2o
5: K
2the ratio of O is 8:30:4.
7. Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described preparation method is adsorbed onto microbiobacterial agent on humic acid, after drying in the shade, then adds inorganic fertilizer to complete preparation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410418271.9A CN104150979B (en) | 2014-08-23 | A kind of microbiological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410418271.9A CN104150979B (en) | 2014-08-23 | A kind of microbiological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104150979A true CN104150979A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| CN104150979B CN104150979B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107828690A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-23 | 贵州师范学院 | The plant phosphorus decomposing fixed nitrogen Promoting bacteria and its microbial inoculum that stony desert area can be used for are applied with it |
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| US20080190158A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-14 | Unlv | Biofertilizer for treatment to improve growth of turf grass and method of developing the biofertilizer |
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| CN1285401A (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-02-28 | 中国华联国际服务联合公司 | Azotobacteria and azotogen, azotogen composition and application thereof |
| CN1904035A (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-01-31 | 新疆惠森生物技术有限公司 | Combined nitrogen fixing phosphorus disintegrating potassium disintegrating micro organism composite fertilizer |
| US20080190158A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-14 | Unlv | Biofertilizer for treatment to improve growth of turf grass and method of developing the biofertilizer |
| CN102851237A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-01-02 | 南京师范大学 | Ensiferadhaerens and application thereof |
| CN103789223A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-05-14 | 西北大学 | Acinetobacter calcoaceticus with free living nitrogen fixation and phosphorus and potassium dissolving capability and application of acinetobacter calcoaceticus |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107828690A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-23 | 贵州师范学院 | The plant phosphorus decomposing fixed nitrogen Promoting bacteria and its microbial inoculum that stony desert area can be used for are applied with it |
| CN107828690B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-01-22 | 贵州师范学院 | Plant phosphate-solubilizing nitrogen-fixing growth-promoting bacterium capable of being used in rocky desert area, microbial inoculum thereof and application thereof |
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