CN104150873B - A kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150873B CN104150873B CN201410420847.5A CN201410420847A CN104150873B CN 104150873 B CN104150873 B CN 104150873B CN 201410420847 A CN201410420847 A CN 201410420847A CN 104150873 B CN104150873 B CN 104150873B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle and preparation method thereof.Proportioning raw materials in the blank of this bottle, interior glaze and outer glaze is as follows respectively: blank: Longyan kaolin 40 ~ 55%, dragon's fountain china clay 15 ~ 25%, potassium felspar sand 8 ~ 20%, quartz 7 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Interior glaze: glaze fruit 65 ~ 70%, glaze ash 12 ~ 25%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Outer glaze: potassium felspar sand 60 ~ 70%, quartz 8 ~ 15%, Longyan kaolin 8 ~ 13%, glaze ash 8 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 13%, Fe
2o
30.2 ~ 0.4%.On this raw material basis, through changing slurry, injection molding obtains wet base, again through super-dry, repaired biscuit, biscuiting operation, completes base; Finally execute interior glaze and outer glaze, glaze firing is worth Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.In this bottle, glaze is without line, and outer glaze is decorated with crackle, and quality better does not inside ooze wine, and preparation method's cost is low, effective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to porcelain field, relate to the tire of a kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle and this bottle, glaze compound method and manufacture craft.
Background technology
Since ancient times, Longquan celadon glaze paint has two kinds of distinct trailings, one, and glaze paint is without line, and glaze colours, based on pale blue, plum green, is commonly called as " Di kiln "; Its two, with glaze paint cracking for primary decoration effect, being commonly called as " brother's kiln ", is one of Song dynasty five your name's kiln.In recent years, Longquan celadon industrial scale expands gradually, and many technician expand more research to crack glaze, has obtained certain achievement.Introduce triphane etc. as State Patent Office's patent No. patent of invention " a kind of making method of middle temperature ceramics for daily use crackle glaze " that is CN200810030924 and fire middle temperature ceramics for daily use crackle glaze containing lithium raw material, but this glaze tooling cost is higher, has certain limitation as bottle glaze; For another example the patent No. is that the porcelain body of porcelain is heated to 40 degrees Celsius and imposes crack glaze again by the patent of invention " a kind of technique for manufacturing crack glaze ceramic bottle " of CN200910103531 in an oven, form firing lower than firing temperature 50 ~ 150 DEG C, though the method can reach the method for glaze flawless in bottle, outer glaze crackle decoration, but use the method to fire the extremely difficult control glazed thickness of crack glaze bottle, the glazing defects such as easy generation contracting glaze, pinprick, bubble, have limitation.
At present, all crackle is had inside and outside the bottle of Longquan celadon making field crack glaze, when long-term storage wine, crackle by interior glaze wall infiltrates in tire by liquid, causes carcass wet swelling, when carcass hygroscopic expansion coefficient is greater than glaze paint tensile factor, tyre sidewall can produce be full of cracks, finally causes oozing wine.As can be seen here, the crack glaze bottle of common making can not meet the specific requirement of long-term storage wine.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be to provide a kind of interior glaze without line, the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle that outer glaze is decorated with crackle, and this Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle not easily oozes wine in the process of long-term storage wine, and interior glaze does not ftracture, inside and outside glaze quality better;
It is low that another technical problem to be solved of the present invention is to provide a kind of production cost, and yield rate is high, and glazing defect is few, and the preparation method of the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle of wine-bottle integral quality better, this preparation method is also adapted to enterprise's scale operation.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem to be solved, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, raw mineral materials is adopted to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopt raw mineral materials and add the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation, the proportioning raw materials in its blank, interior glaze and outer glaze is as follows by weight percentage respectively: (i) blank: Longyan kaolin 40 ~ 55%, dragon's fountain china clay 15 ~ 25%, potassium felspar sand 8 ~ 20%, quartz 7 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Described blank stock components total 100%; (ii) interior glaze: glaze fruit 65 ~ 75%, glaze ash 15 ~ 25%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Described interior glaze feed composition amounts to 100%; (iii) outer glaze: potassium felspar sand 60 ~ 70%, quartz 8 ~ 15%, Longyan kaolin 5 ~ 10%, glaze ash 8 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 13%, Fe
2o
30.2 ~ 0.4%, described outer glaze feed composition amounts to 100%; And change slurry by described being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5 ~ 0.7, and add water glass and 0.02 ~ 0.05% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2 ~ 0.4%; Injection molding obtains wet base, again through super-dry, repaired biscuit, biscuiting operation, completes base; Then through executing interior glaze, be the mixed solution of 50 ~ 60 degree in Baume concentration by described interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates, and by the bottle base dedusting after biscuiting, bottle oral area down, is sprayed interior glaze and is formed interior glaze layer; Again through executing outer glaze, being the mixed solution of 40 ~ 50 degree in Baume concentration by glaze raw material ratio remodulates outer described in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, will executing the base dedusting of interior glaze, and execute upper outside glaze and form outer glaze layer; Finally, through glaze firing, by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, load high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fire 9 ~ 11 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, be incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 ~ 60 minutes, obtain Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.
As the further preferred version of the present invention, described in execute interior glaze and adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, between interior glazed thickness to 0.1 ~ 0.15mm; Described outer glaze employing glaze method of executing executes outer glaze, between outer glazed thickness to 0.3 ~ 0.8mm, makes glaze quality better inside and outside it.
As the further preferred version of the present invention, the outer glaze layer thermal expansivity of described preparation is 10 ~ 13 × 10
-6/ DEG C, interior glaze layer thermal expansivity is 4 ~ 8 × 10
-6/ DEG C, the difference of this coefficient of expansion, clearly can distinguish the boundary of interior glaze and outer glaze, more stably to ensure to form interior glaze without line, the decorative effect of outer glaze crackle.
As the further preferred version of the present invention, described biscuiting be by repaired biscuit operation after celadon base substrate, put into biscuit kiln and fire 5 ~ 7 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 780 ~ 880 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, to be incubated after 10 ~ 20 minutes flame-out naturally cooling.
A preparation method for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, comprises the following steps:
A. molding: make bottle plaster mould kind, and make gypsum mold, dry 1 ~ 2 day;
B. slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5 ~ 0.7, and add water glass and 0.02 ~ 0.05% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2 ~ 0.4%;
C. base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by slip casing by pressure pipe, reaches after 5mm ~ 7mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity;
D. dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 20 ~ 24 hours;
E. repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
F. biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 5 ~ 7 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 780 ~ 880 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 10 ~ 20 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
G. execute interior glaze: glaze proportion in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 50 ~ 60 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, interior glazed thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.15mm to oral area down;
H. dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 3 ~ 5 hours;
I. outer glaze is executed: outer for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle glaze proportion is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 40 ~ 50 degree, will executes the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, outer glazed thickness is 0.3 ~ 0.8mm;
J. foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
K. glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 9 ~ 11 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 ~ 60 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
As preferably, described blank and interior glaze raw material adopt common mineral raw material, and described outer glaze raw material adopts common mineral raw material also to add a small amount of industrial chemicals; The outer glaze layer thermal expansivity of described preparation is 10 ~ 13 × 10
-6/ DEG C, interior glaze layer thermal expansivity is 4 ~ 8 × 10
-6/ DEG C, the coefficient of difference of this coefficient of expansion, clearly can distinguish the boundary of interior glaze and outer glaze, more stably to ensure to form interior glaze without line, the decorative effect of outer glaze crackle.
Further, in above-mentioned preparation method, step K also comprised as the next stage:
A. pre-heating stage: fire 2 ~ 2.5 hours with the heat-up rate of 2.5 ~ 3 DEG C/min, makes kiln temperature rise to 300 ~ 350 DEG C from normal temperature, gets rid of residual moisture in base substrate;
B. oxidation stage: fire with the heat-up rate of 4 ~ 4.5 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 950 ~ 980 DEG C for 2.5 ~ 2.8 hours, crystal water is got rid of, organism, sulfide-oxidation, carbonate decomposition, quartz crystal changes;
C. be oxidized holding stage: make kiln temperature be stabilized in 980 ~ 985 DEG C, be incubated 1 ~ 1.2 hour, contribute to the discharge of gas in base substrate, inside and outside glaze;
D. strong reduction phase: fire with the heat-up rate of 1.5 ~ 2 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 1200 ~ 1220 DEG C for 2 ~ 2.5 hours, and make kiln air pressure remain on 0.03 ~ 0.04MPa, make ferric iron in formula fully be reduced into ferrous iron;
E. weak reduction phase: through 1 ~ 1.5 hour, kiln temperature is risen to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C again, make glaze layer fully matured, ferrous iron is fixed;
F. high fiery holding stage: kiln temperature controlled at 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C, is incubated after 0.5 ~ 1 hour only fiery;
G. cooling stages: adopt natural cooling, kiln discharge after kiln temperature is cooled to 50 ~ 70 DEG C, has fired, and obtains Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.Adopt the bottle quality better not only fired in this way, and yield rate is better.
The present invention is compared with background technology, raw material in blank of the present invention, interior glaze and outer glaze from selecting materials, proportioning in conjunction with manufacture technology field, wherein: the blank made by Longyan kaolin 40 ~ 55%, dragon's fountain china clay 15 ~ 25%, potassium felspar sand 8 ~ 20%, quartz 7 ~ 15% and Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%, the thermal expansivity after burning till at 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C is 5 ~ 7 × 10
-6/ DEG C; In made by glaze fruit 65 ~ 75%, glaze ash 15 ~ 25% and Zijin soil 5 ~ 10% glaze raw material after 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C are burnt till in the thermal expansivity of glaze layer be 4 ~ 8 × 10
-6/ DEG C; And potassium felspar sand 60 ~ 70%, quartz 8 ~ 15%, Longyan kaolin 5 ~ 10%, glaze ash 8 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 13% and Fe
2o
3outer glaze layer thermal expansivity after 0.2 ~ 0.4% made outer glaze raw material burns till at 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C is 10 ~ 13 × 10
-6/ DEG C; Visible, the thermal expansivity burning out outer glaze layer is larger than mold thermal expansivity, and interior glaze layer thermal expansivity, then close to the thermal expansivity of mold, therefore obtains a kind of interior glaze flawless, the Longquan celadon bottle that outer glaze is decorated with crackle.
Meanwhile, not only novelty is unique but also cost is lower, be adapted to enterprise's scale operation for the preparation method of above-mentioned Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, has very large application prospect.Through experimental verification, in conjunction with Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle prepared by above-mentioned preparation method, the glazed thickness that it prepares is even, quality better, can not easily produce the glazing defects such as contracting glaze, pinprick, bubble, and adopt the difference selecting outer glaze layer thermal expansivity and interior glaze layer or the base substrate thermal expansivity ensureing that it is prepared of blank, interior glaze raw material and outer glaze raw material larger, thus make glaze in obtained bottle store up wine for a long time not crack, both can meet bottle storage wine function, there is again celadon crack glaze decorative effect.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
The Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle of the present embodiment, adopts raw mineral materials to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopts raw mineral materials and adds the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation.
Particularly, blank: formulation weight percentage composition is Longyan kaolin 52%, dragon's fountain china clay 20%, potassium felspar sand 10%, quartz 10%, Zijin soil 8%.Weighing according to said ratio, after raw material mixes, to expect: ball: slurry, than to load in ball mill ball milling when 4 is little for 1:2:0.6, is crossed 100 mesh sieves by water after 36 hours old, making blank through dewatering, after pugging technique.
Interior glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is glaze fruit 72%, glaze ash 20%, Zijin soil 8%.Weigh according to said ratio, after raw material mixes, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 2 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
Outer glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is potassium felspar sand 65.7%, quartz 10%, Longyan kaolin 6%, glaze ash 10%, Zijin soil 8%, industrial Fe
2o
30.3%.According to said ratio weigh, after raw material is mixed, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 24 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
After making raw material, more in accordance with the following steps:
1) molding: produce according to design requirements the celadon bottle plaster mould kind that finished product capacity is 500ml, and make gypsum mold, dry 1 day;
2) slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5, and add water glass and 0.03% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2%;
3) base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by slip casing by pressure pipe, reaches after 6mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity;
4) dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 20 hours;
5) repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
6) biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 6 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 800 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 10 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
7) execute interior glaze: glaze proportion in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 50 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, glazed thickness is 0.1mm to oral area down;
8) dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 3 hours;
9) outer glaze is executed: outer for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle glaze proportion is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 40 degree, will executes the base dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, glazed thickness is 0.5 mm;
10) foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
11) glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 10.5 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
In order to calculate thermal expansivity better, its chemical constitution of above-mentioned raw materials that this embodiment adopts is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1: above-mentioned each raw material chemical constitution unit: %
Embodiment 2:
The Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle of the present embodiment, adopts raw mineral materials to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopts raw mineral materials and adds the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation.
Particularly, blank: formulation weight percentage composition is Longyan kaolin 46%, dragon's fountain china clay 20%, potassium felspar sand 14%, quartz 10%, Zijin soil 10%.After mixing according to blank formulation raw materials weighing, to expect: ball: slurry, than to load in ball mill ball milling when 4 is little for 1:2:0.6, is crossed 100 mesh sieves by water after 36 hours old, make blank through dewatering, after pugging technique.
Interior glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is glaze fruit 74%, glaze ash 18%, Zijin soil 8%.Weigh according to said ratio, after raw material mixes, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 2 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
Outer glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is potassium felspar sand 64.8%, quartz 11%, Longyan kaolin 5%, glaze ash 9%, Zijin soil 10%, industrial Fe
2o
30.2%.According to said ratio weigh, after raw material is mixed, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 24 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
After making raw material, more in accordance with the following steps:
1) molding: produce according to design requirements the celadon bottle plaster mould kind that finished product capacity is 500ml, and make gypsum mold, dry 1 day;
2) slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5, and add water glass and 0.03% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2%;
3) base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by slip casing by pressure pipe, reaches after 6mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity;
4) dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 20 hours;
5) repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
6) biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 6 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 800 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 10 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
7) execute interior glaze: glaze proportion in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 50 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, glazed thickness is 0.1mm to oral area down;
8) dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 3 hours;
9) outer glaze is executed: outer for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle glaze proportion is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 40 degree, will executes the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, glazed thickness is 0.5mm;
10) foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
11) glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 10.5 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
Embodiment 3:
The Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle of the present embodiment, adopts raw mineral materials to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopts raw mineral materials and adds the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation.
Particularly, blank: formulation weight percentage composition is Longyan kaolin 46%, dragon's fountain china clay 17%, potassium felspar sand 15%, quartz 12%, Zijin soil 10%.After mixing according to blank formulation raw materials weighing, to expect: ball: slurry, than to load in ball mill ball milling when 4 is little for 1:2:0.6, is crossed 100 mesh sieves by water after 36 hours old, make blank through dewatering, after pugging technique.
Interior glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is glaze fruit 70%, glaze ash 20%, Zijin soil 10%.Weigh according to said ratio, after raw material mixes, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 2 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
Outer glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is potassium felspar sand 67.6%, quartz 10%, Longyan kaolin 8%, glaze ash 8%, Zijin soil 6%, industrial Fe
2o
30.4%.According to said ratio weigh, after raw material is mixed, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 24 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
And change slurry by described being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.6, and add water glass and 0.04% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.4%; Injection molding obtains wet base, again through super-dry, repaired biscuit, biscuiting operation, completes base.Wherein biscuiting be by repaired biscuit operation after celadon base substrate, put into biscuit kiln and fire 7 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 800 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, to be incubated after 10 ~ 20 minutes flame-out naturally cooling.Then through executing interior glaze, be the mixed solution of 55 degree in Baume concentration by described interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, down, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, interior glazed thickness is to 0.14mm for bottle oral area.Again through executing outer glaze, being the mixed solution of 44 degree, will executing the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze by glaze raw material ratio remodulates outer described in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle in Baume concentration, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, outer glazed thickness is to 0.8mm.Finally, through glaze firing, by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, load high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fire 10 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1300 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, be incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 50 minutes, obtain Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.
Embodiment 4:
The Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle of the present embodiment, adopts raw mineral materials to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopts raw mineral materials and adds the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation.
Particularly, blank: formulation weight percentage composition is Longyan kaolin 50%, dragon's fountain china clay 20%, potassium felspar sand 12%, quartz 10%, Zijin soil 8%.After mixing according to blank formulation raw materials weighing, to expect: ball: slurry, than to load in ball mill ball milling when 4 is little for 1:2:0.6, is crossed 100 mesh sieves by water after 36 hours old, make blank through dewatering, after pugging technique.
Interior glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is glaze fruit 69%, glaze ash 22%, Zijin soil 9%.Weigh according to said ratio, after raw material mixes, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 2 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
Outer glaze raw material: formulation weight percentage composition is potassium felspar sand 64%, quartz 10%, Longyan kaolin 6%, glaze ash 10%, Zijin soil 9.6%, industrial Fe
2o
30.4%.According to said ratio weigh, after raw material is mixed, to expect: ball: water than for 1:2:0.6 loading ball mill in when 24 is little ball milling, it is less than 0.05% that glaze fineness reaches tailing over of 10000-hole sieve.
And change slurry by described being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.7, and add water glass and 0.05% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2%; Injection molding obtains wet base, again through super-dry, repaired biscuit, biscuiting operation, completes base.Wherein biscuiting be by repaired biscuit operation after celadon base substrate, put into biscuit kiln and fire 7 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 780 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, to be incubated after 10 ~ 20 minutes flame-out naturally cooling.Then through executing interior glaze, be the mixed solution of 55 degree in Baume concentration by described interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates, and by the bottle base dedusting after biscuiting, down, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, interior glazed thickness is to 0.1mm for bottle oral area.Again through executing outer glaze, being the mixed solution of 44 degree, will executing the base dedusting of interior glaze by glaze raw material ratio remodulates outer described in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle in Baume concentration, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, outer glazed thickness is to 0.5mm.Finally, through glaze firing, by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, load high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fire 11 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1290 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, be incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 45 minutes, obtain Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) molding: making finished product capacity according to design requirements is 1500ml celadon bottle plaster mould kind, and makes gypsum mold, dries 2 days.
2) slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.6, and add water glass and 0.02% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.4%;
3) base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by penstock, reaches after 5mm ~ 7mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity.
4) dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 24 hours;
5) repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
6) biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 8 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 850 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 20 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
7) execute interior glaze: the mixed solution by interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 60 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, glazed thickness is 0.15mm to oral area down;
8) dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 5 hours;
9) execute outer glaze: the mixed solution by outer glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 45 degree, will execute the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, glazed thickness is 0.8 mm;
10) foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
11) glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 10.1 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1285 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 60 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
Described step 11) in specific operation process comprise: a. pre-heating stage: fire 2 hours with the heat-up rate of 2.5 DEG C/min, makes kiln temperature rise to 300 DEG C from normal temperature, gets rid of residual moisture in base substrate; B. oxidation stage: fire with the heat-up rate of 4 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 950 DEG C for 2.7 hours, crystal water is got rid of, organism, sulfide-oxidation, carbonate decomposition, quartz crystal changes; C. be oxidized holding stage: make kiln temperature be stabilized in 980 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour, contribute to the discharge of gas in base substrate, inside and outside glaze; D. strong reduction phase: fire with the heat-up rate of 1.5 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 1200 DEG C for 2.4 hours, and make kiln air pressure remain on 0.03Mpa, make ferric iron in formula fully be reduced into ferrous iron; E. weak reduction phase: through 1 hour, kiln temperature is risen to 1285 DEG C again, make glaze layer fully matured, ferrous iron is fixed; F. high fiery holding stage: kiln temperature controlled at 1285 DEG C, is incubated after 1 hour only fiery; G. cooling stages: adopt natural cooling, kiln discharge after kiln temperature is cooled to 50 ~ 70 DEG C, has fired, and obtains Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.Adopt the bottle quality better not only fired in this way, and yield rate is better.
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) molding: making finished product capacity according to design requirements is 1500ml celadon bottle plaster mould kind, and makes gypsum mold, dries 1.5 days.
2) slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5, and add water glass and 0.03% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2%;
3) base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by penstock, reaches after 7mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity.
4) dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 22 hours;
5) repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
6) biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 6 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 850 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 18 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
7) execute interior glaze: the mixed solution by interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 57 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, glazed thickness is 0.12mm to oral area down;
8) dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 3 hours;
9) execute outer glaze: the mixed solution by outer glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 42 degree, will execute the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, glazed thickness is 0.6mm;
10) foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
11) glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 10.8 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1290 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 60 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
Described step 11) in specific operation process comprise: a. drying stage: fire 2.5 hours with the heat-up rate of 3 DEG C/min, makes kiln temperature rise to 440 DEG C; B. oxidation stage: fire with the heat-up rate of about 4 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 977 DEG C for 2 hours, steam and oxygenolysis gaseous product are fully volatilized, and organism, sulfide-oxidation, carbonate decomposition, quartz crystal changes; C. holding stage: make kiln temperature be stabilized in 980 DEG C, is incubated 1.3 hours, contributes to the discharge of gas in tire (i.e. base substrate), glaze; D. strong reduction phase: fire with the heat-up rate of 1.2 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 1200 DEG C for 3 hours, and make kiln air pressure remain on 0.04Mpa, make ferric iron in formula fully be reduced into ferrous iron; E. weak reduction phase: through 2.5 hours, kiln temperature is risen to 1285 DEG C again, make glaze layer fully matured, ferrous iron is fixed; F. holding stage: kiln temperature controlled at 1285 DEG C, is incubated after 1 hour only fiery; G. cooling stages: adopt natural cooling, kiln discharge after kiln temperature is cooled to 50 DEG C, has fired, and obtains Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product of the present invention.Adopt the bottle quality better not only fired in this way, and yield rate is better.
Embodiment 7:
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) molding: making finished product capacity according to design requirements is 1500ml celadon bottle plaster mould kind, and makes gypsum mold, dries 1.5 days.
2) slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.4, and add water glass and 0.04% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2%;
3) base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by penstock, reaches after 5mm ~ 7mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity.
4) dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 20 hours;
5) repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, refine;
6) biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 6 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 800 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 15 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
7) execute interior glaze: the mixed solution by interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 52 degree, and by the bottle base dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, glazed thickness is 0.11mm to oral area down;
8) dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 4 hours;
9) execute outer glaze: the mixed solution by outer glaze raw material ratio remodulates in Baume concentration being 45 degree, will execute the base dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, glazed thickness is 0.8mm;
10) foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
11) glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 12 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 45 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
Above-mentioned steps 11) in specific operation process comprise: a. drying stage: fire 2.8 hours with the heat-up rate of 2.6 DEG C/min, makes kiln temperature rise to 445 DEG C; B. oxidation stage: fire with the heat-up rate of about 4.2 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 980 DEG C for 2 hours, steam and oxygenolysis gaseous product are fully volatilized, and organism, sulfide-oxidation, carbonate decomposition, quartz crystal changes; C. holding stage: make kiln temperature be stabilized in 983 DEG C, is incubated 1.3 hours, contributes to the discharge of gas in tire (i.e. base substrate), glaze; D. strong reduction phase: fire with the heat-up rate of 1.4 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 1200 DEG C for 3 hours, and make kiln air pressure remain on 0.04Mpa to make ferric iron in formula fully be reduced into ferrous iron; E. weak reduction phase: through 2.5 hours, kiln temperature is risen to 1285 DEG C again, make glaze layer fully matured, ferrous iron is fixed; F. holding stage: kiln temperature controlled at 1280 DEG C, is incubated after 1 hour only fiery; G. cooling stages: adopt natural cooling, kiln discharge after kiln temperature is cooled to 68 DEG C, has fired, and obtains Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product of the present invention.Adopt the bottle quality better not only fired in this way, and yield rate is better.
The base substrate that above-mentioned preparation method adopts and interior glaze layer adopt common mineral raw material to be prepared from, and outer glaze layer employing common mineral raw material add a small amount of industrial chemicals and be prepared from, industrial Fe wherein
2o
3be exactly industrial chemicals, not natural mineral.
Claims (7)
1. a Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, adopts raw mineral materials to prepare blank and interior glaze, adopts raw mineral materials and adds the outer glaze of industrial chemicals preparation, it is characterized in that: the proportioning raw materials in its blank, interior glaze and outer glaze is as follows by weight percentage respectively:
(i) blank: Longyan kaolin 40 ~ 55%, dragon's fountain china clay 15 ~ 25%, potassium felspar sand 8 ~ 20%, quartz 7 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Described blank stock components total 100%;
(ii) interior glaze: glaze fruit 65 ~ 75%, glaze ash 15 ~ 25%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 10%; Described interior glaze feed composition amounts to 100%;
(iii) outer glaze: potassium felspar sand 60 ~ 70%, quartz 8 ~ 15%, Longyan kaolin 5 ~ 10%, glaze ash 8 ~ 15%, Zijin soil 5 ~ 13%, Fe
2o
30.2 ~ 0.4%; Described outer glaze feed composition amounts to 100%;
And change slurry by described being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5 ~ 0.7, and add water glass and 0.02 ~ 0.05% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2 ~ 0.4%; Injection molding obtains wet base, again through super-dry, repaired biscuit, biscuiting operation, completes base;
Then through executing interior glaze, be the mixed solution of 50 ~ 60 degree in Baume concentration by described interior glaze raw material ratio remodulates, and by the bottle base dedusting after biscuiting, bottle oral area down, is sprayed interior glaze and is formed interior glaze layer;
Again through executing outer glaze, being the mixed solution of 40 ~ 50 degree in Baume concentration by glaze raw material ratio remodulates outer described in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle, will executing the base dedusting of interior glaze, and execute upper outside glaze and form outer glaze layer;
Finally, through glaze firing, by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, load high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fire 9 ~ 11 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, be incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 ~ 60 minutes, obtain Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.
2. a kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in execute interior glaze and adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, between interior glazed thickness to 0.1 ~ 0.15mm; Described outer glaze employing glaze method of executing executes outer glaze, between outer glazed thickness to 0.5 ~ 1mm.
3. a kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the outer glaze layer thermal expansivity of described preparation is 10 ~ 13 × 10
-6/ DEG C, interior glaze layer thermal expansivity is 4 ~ 8 × 10
-6/ DEG C.
4. a kind of Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described biscuiting be by repaired biscuit operation after celadon base substrate, put into biscuit kiln and fire 5 ~ 7 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 780 ~ 880 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, be incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 10 ~ 20 minutes.
5. a preparation method for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A. molding: make bottle plaster mould kind, and make gypsum mold, dry 1 ~ 2 day;
B. slurry is changed: change slurry by being positioned over of blank stock tank, make material-water ratio reach 1:0.5 ~ 0.7, and add water glass and 0.02 ~ 0.05% tripoly phosphate sodium STPP of 0.2 ~ 0.4%;
C. base: the mud changed is injected gypsum mold by slip casing by pressure pipe, reaches after 5mm ~ 7mm until thickness and pour out unnecessary mud, and take out moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake after waiting base substrate to have certain dry tenacity;
D. dry: moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake to be put into drying room drying treatment 20 ~ 24 hours;
E. repaired biscuit: by the moisturizing of partial desiccation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, scrape bad mold joint, refine;
F. biscuiting: by the celadon base substrate trimmed, puts into biscuit kiln and fires 5 ~ 7 hours, makes kiln temperature rise to 780 ~ 880 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 10 ~ 20 minutes, obtains Longquan celadon bottle biscuit;
G. execute interior glaze: glaze proportion in Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 50 ~ 60 degree, and by the bottle base high-pressure pump dedusting after biscuiting, adopt pressure spray glazing to execute interior glaze, interior glazed thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.15mm to oral area down;
H. dry: the bottle base substrate executing interior glaze is put into drying room drying treatment 3 ~ 5 hours;
I. outer glaze is executed: outer for Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle glaze proportion is modulated at the mixed solution that Baume concentration is 40 ~ 50 degree, will executes the base high-pressure pump dedusting of interior glaze, adopt glaze method to execute outer glaze, outer glazed thickness is 0.3 ~ 0.8mm;
J. foot is scraped: scrape totally by the Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle biscuit foot glaze of inside and outside glazing;
K. glaze firing: by the celadon base substrate of inside and outside glazing, loads high-temperature shuttle kiln atmosphere furnace and fires 9 ~ 11 hours, make kiln temperature rise to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C gradually from normal temperature, is incubated flame-out naturally cooling after 30 ~ 60 minutes, namely obtains finished product.
6. a kind of Longquan celadon bottle preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described outer glaze raw material adopts common mineral raw material and adds a small amount of industrial chemicals; The outer glaze layer thermal expansivity of described preparation is 10 ~ 13 × 10
-6/ DEG C, interior glaze layer thermal expansivity is 4 ~ 8 × 10
-6/ DEG C.
7. a kind of Longquan celadon bottle preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: step K also comprised as the next stage:
A. pre-heating stage: fire 2 ~ 2.5 hours with the heat-up rate of 2.5 ~ 3 DEG C/min, makes kiln temperature rise to 300 ~ 350 DEG C from normal temperature, gets rid of residual moisture in base substrate;
B. oxidation stage: fire with the heat-up rate of 4 ~ 4.5 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 950 ~ 980 DEG C for 2.5 ~ 2.8 hours;
C. be oxidized holding stage: make kiln temperature be stabilized in 980 ~ 985 DEG C, be incubated 1 ~ 1.2 hour;
D. strong reduction phase: fire with the heat-up rate of 1.5 ~ 2 DEG C/min and make kiln temperature rise to 1200 ~ 1220 DEG C for 2 ~ 2.5 hours, and make kiln air pressure remain on 0.03 ~ 0.04Mpa;
E. weak reduction phase: through 1 ~ 1.5 hour, kiln temperature is risen to 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C again;
F. high fiery holding stage: kiln temperature controlled at 1280 ~ 1300 DEG C, is incubated after 0.5 ~ 1 hour only fiery;
G. cooling stages: adopt natural cooling, kiln discharge after kiln temperature is cooled to 50 ~ 70 DEG C, has fired, and obtains Longquan celadon crack glaze bottle finished product.
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