CN104115737B - Method with Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae - Google Patents
Method with Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115737B CN104115737B CN201410365006.9A CN201410365006A CN104115737B CN 104115737 B CN104115737 B CN 104115737B CN 201410365006 A CN201410365006 A CN 201410365006A CN 104115737 B CN104115737 B CN 104115737B
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Abstract
(1), the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oceanica and gathering the method that the invention discloses a kind of Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae, step is as follows:；(2), sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica；(3), daily management.The method of the present invention compared with prior art has method simplicity, environmental protection, low cost, convenient management, the advantage that has no side effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preventing control method of a kind of algae, the method for a kind of Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae.
Background technology
Development along with seawater pond culture industry, high daily ration, feeding quantity, the high Radix Morinae Bulleyanae throwing Seedling amount and Rhopilema esculenta pond culture pattern are the most fast-developing, but the defect due to this aquaculture model self, bring many negative effects, load as organic in cultivating pool is excessive and nutritive salt proportional imbalance, thus cause the outburst of numerous harmful animal algae (firm silk algae and red tide algae), in turn result in the serious problems such as culture-pool water quality deteriorates, disease is spread unchecked.And at different scales (30 ~ 100 mu) and the seawater aquaculturing pond of type (port circle, cofferdam, Tu Chi), firm silk algae and the outburst of red tide algae the most generally occur.Only at Dalian and the seawater aquaculturing pond of Operation in Dandong Area, the economic loss caused by firm silk algae and red tide algae etc. every year may be up to 8 ~ 1,000,000,000 yuan, and firm silk algae and red tide algae break out serious pond and even can have no harvest.At present, in production, unique method used is exactly to throw in chemical herbicide and the algicide firm silk algae of preventing and treating and red tide algae in a large number, but chemicals used all causes the most serious impact to the ecological environment of cultivation object (Radix Morinae Bulleyanae, Rhopilema esculenta), pond water environment and surrounding sea；Dosage excessively can cause cultivating individual subject and be poisoned to death, also medicine can be made when dosage is less in cultivation object body accumulation and residual, weeding medicine also can increase the weight of the deterioration of ecological environment after entering surrounding sea, causes the Loss of diversity of coastal ocean ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method simplicity, environmental protection, low cost, convenient management, have no side effect use Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae method, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The method of the use Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1), the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oceanica and gathering
By Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, temperature 24 ~ 26 DEG C, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oceanica density reaches 2000 ~ 30,000,000 cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oceanica is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 DEG C of preservation, must use within 1 week and complete pond, field inoculation.
(2), sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica
Inoculating Nannochloropsis oceanica, before inoculation, the zeolite powder of 160 ~ 200 mesh of splashing to pond after early spring seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out, consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and splash to pond next day dalcium biphosphate or dicalcium phosphate, and consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m3, ferric chloride of splashing to pond on 3rd, consumption is 1.5 ~ 2 g/m3, then, after 2 ~ 3 days, under conditions of fine day is calm, inoculate Nannochloropsis oceanica, inoculum concentration is the Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream described in the kg of every mu of pond 1；
During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream is positioned in 200 mesh nylon guipures, slowly rubs and be allowed to be substantially soluble in sea water, more uniformly splash in full pond；
If during inoculation, pond is broken out firm silk algae and red tide algae in a large number, has then needed firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, and Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculum concentration is risen to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mu；
(3), daily management: pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks survival and the upgrowth situation of Nannochloropsis oceanica, if effect of inoculation is the best first, supplement inoculation 1 ~ 2 time after 2 ~ 3 weeks.Nannochloropsis oceanica, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, is supplemented and is applied a dalcium biphosphate for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m3；Every 45 ~ 50 days, applying a ferric chloride, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m3。
The method of the use Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae of the present invention, can reach seawater aquaculturing pond need not any chemicals except the effect of algae, reduce aquaculture cost and cultivation risk, add economic benefit, decrease the environmental pollution of breeding environment and surrounding sea areas simultaneously, and eliminate the drug residue in Radix Morinae Bulleyanae and Rhopilema esculenta body, on the basis of energy-saving and emission-reduction, realize the target of pollution-free healthy cultivation.
The method effect of the present invention is obvious, and advantage highlights, and Nannochloropsis oceanica is splendid to the prevention effect of firm silk algae and red tide algae, and the extensive seawater aquaculturing pond of Nannochloropsis oceanica population that formed is substantially without breaking out firm silk algae and red tide algae.
Specific experiment data are as follows:
(1) Dandong Rhopilema esculenta cultivating pool, scale 50 mu, pond type is Tu Chi.Nannochloropsis oceanica is inoculated April.After 2 months, pond and the comparison pond do not inoculated to inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica are investigated.Result shows, the pond firm silk algae density of inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica is less than 0.25g/m2, red tide algae density is less than 500 ~ 800 cells/L,；And do not inoculate 3 comparison ponds of Nannochloropsis oceanica, firm silk algae density is 0.1 ~ 0.3 kg/m2, red tide algae density is 8000 ~ 15000 cells/L.Visible, after inoculating Nannochloropsis oceanica and making its raised growth, can effectively suppress firm silk algae and red tide algae outburst in pond.JIUYUE fishes Rhopilema esculenta, and the pond Rhopilema esculenta per mu yield of inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica is 200 kilograms, and the comparison pond Rhopilema esculenta per mu yield do not inoculated is only 50 ~ 80 kilograms.
(2) Dalian Zhuanghe apostichopus japonicus culture pond, scale 100 mu, pond type is Tu Chi.Nannochloropsis oceanica is inoculated April.After 3 months, pond and the comparison pond do not inoculated to inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica are investigated.Result shows, the pond of inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica has no firm silk algae (bristle algae and Entermorpha) and red tide algae；And do not inoculate 3 comparison ponds of Nannochloropsis oceanica, firm silk algae content is 0.25 ~ 0.45 kg/m2.As can be seen here, after inoculating Nannochloropsis oceanica and making its raised growth, can effectively suppress the outburst in pond of the firm silk algae, and quality of water environment is substantially improved.JIUYUE fishes Radix Morinae Bulleyanae, and the pond Radix Morinae Bulleyanae per mu yield of inoculation ulva is 115 ~ 120 kg, and the comparison pond Radix Morinae Bulleyanae per mu yield do not inoculated is only 30 ~ 40 kilograms.
Detailed description of the invention
1, the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oceanica and gathering: by Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, temperature 24 ~ 26 DEG C, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oceanica density reaches 2000 ~ 30,000,000 cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oceanica is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 DEG C of preservation, must use within 1 week and complete pond, field inoculation.
2, sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica: generally i.e. can inoculate Nannochloropsis oceanica in early spring after seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out.Before inoculation, needing full pool spilling head zeolite powder (160 ~ 200 mesh), consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and full pool spilling head dalcium biphosphate next day (or dicalcium phosphate), consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m3, in full pool spilling head ferric chloride on the 3rd, consumption was 1.5 ~ 2 g/m3.The effect of zeolite powder is to reduce water body ammonia nitrogen and levels of toxic substances, and the effect of dalcium biphosphate is to supplement phosphate fertilizer to water body, and the effect of ferric chloride is to stimulate Nannochloropsis oceanica to carry out photosynthesis, and then improves multiplication rate.After using 2 ~ 3 days, inoculating Nannochloropsis oceanica under conditions of fine day is calm, inoculum concentration is every mu of 1 kg Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream (250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram).During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream is positioned in 200 mesh nylon guipures, slowly rubs and be allowed to be substantially soluble in sea water, more uniformly splash in full pond.If during inoculation, pond is broken out firm silk algae and red tide algae in a large number, has then needed, by after firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculum concentration to rise to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mu.Generally after inoculation 2 ~ 3 weeks, the population that Nannochloropsis oceanica i.e. can be survived in pond and take on a certain scale.
3, daily management: pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks survival and the upgrowth situation of Nannochloropsis oceanica, if effect of inoculation is the best first, then can supplement inoculation 1 ~ 2 time after 2 ~ 3 weeks.Nannochloropsis oceanica, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, is supplemented and is applied a dalcium biphosphate for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m3；Every 45 ~ 50 days, applying a ferric chloride, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m3.Pond is not intake and draining on a large scale after inoculation, to ensure the density of Nannochloropsis oceanica population.After Nannochloropsis oceanica forms scale population, the transparency of water body can be significantly improved, need to make regular check on the transparency of water body during cultivation, holothurian cultivation pond with transparency be 0.8 ~ 1 m be optimal, Rhopilema esculenta cultivating pool with transparency be 0.3 ~ 0.5 m be optimal, if transparency is less than range above, then can reduce Nannochloropsis oceanica density in water body by the way of large-scale water inlet and draining.The density that can make the firm silk algae in pond and red tide algae after Nannochloropsis oceanica large-scale breeding is controlled in reduced levels, will not work the mischief by large-scale outbreak.
The method that the present invention relates to, does not throws in any weeding medicine and under conditions of killing algae medicine, the harmful animal algae in bionomic control sea pond to pond.This method mainly select battalion swim life ocean Nannochloropsis oceanica (NannochloropsisSp.) as instrument algae, Nannochloropsis oceanica adaptive faculty is strong, reproduction speed is fast, by in seawater aquaculturing pond artificial vaccination Nannochloropsis oceanica, and making its raised growth and breeding in pond, the Nannochloropsis oceanica population taken on a certain scale, by " Ecological niche competition ", Nannochloropsis oceanica can compete the vivosphere (pond water environment) in pond and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus etc.) on a large scale, and then repels the red tide algae that swims (such as dinoflagellate, xanthophyta etc.) being in the identical Ecological niche；The amount reproduction of Nannochloropsis oceanica is also remarkably improved the transparency of pond water environment simultaneously, by the way of " sheltering from heat or light ", the photosynthesis of the Developing restraint firm silk algae (such as firm silk algae, Entermorpha) on bottom material of pond for breeding, and then the firm silk algae of " competition exclusion " pond bottom.This method is simple, it is applicable to various scale (30 ~ 100 mu) and the seawater aquaculturing pond of type (port circle, cofferdam, Tu Chi), splendid and pollution-free to breeding environment to the control effect of firm silk algae and red tide algae, cultivate object (Radix Morinae Bulleyanae, Rhopilema esculenta) drug residue free；Additionally, Nannochloropsis oceanica can also absorb the nutrient (nitrogen phosphate and sulfur etc.) in pond in a large number, reduce the Eutrophic Extent of cultivation water environment, it is achieved the nuisanceless discharge of breeding wastewater.The present invention is so that marine products economic animal is healthy and non-nuisance is as target, with ecological prevention and control harmful animal firm silk algae and red tide algae as means, the present invention can be used for producing reality on a large scale, the periphery sea environment caused owing to throwing in medicine during reducing Radix Morinae Bulleyanae, Rhopilema esculenta pond culture is polluted, thus ensure that Radix Morinae Bulleyanae and the healthy growth of Rhopilema esculenta individuality, improve Radix Morinae Bulleyanae and the quality of Rhopilema esculenta and yield, reduce production cost and risk, on the basis of energy-saving and emission-reduction, realize the target of pollution-free healthy cultivation.
Claims (1)
1. the method with Nannochloropsis oceanica prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae, it is characterised in that: step is as follows:
(1), the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oceanica and gathering
By Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, temperature 24 ~ 26
DEG C, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oceanica density reaches 2000 ~ 30,000,000 cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oceanica is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 DEG C of preservation, must use and complete the inoculation of pond, field within 1 week；
(2), sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica
Inoculating Nannochloropsis oceanica, before inoculation, the zeolite powder of 160 ~ 200 mesh of splashing to pond after early spring seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out, consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and splash to pond next day dalcium biphosphate or dicalcium phosphate, and consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m3, ferric chloride of splashing to pond on 3rd, consumption is 1.5 ~ 2 g/m3, then, after 2 ~ 3 days, under conditions of fine day is calm, inoculate Nannochloropsis oceanica, inoculum concentration is the Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream described in the kg of every mu of pond 1；
During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oceanica algae cream is positioned in 200 mesh nylon guipures, slowly rubs and be allowed to be substantially soluble in sea water, more uniformly splash in full pond；
If during inoculation, pond is broken out firm silk algae and red tide algae in a large number, has then needed firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, and Nannochloropsis oceanica inoculum concentration is risen to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mu；
(3), daily management: pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oceanica is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks survival and the upgrowth situation of Nannochloropsis oceanica, if effect of inoculation is the best first, supplement inoculation 1 ~ 2 time after 2 ~ 3 weeks；
Nannochloropsis oceanica, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, is supplemented and is applied a dalcium biphosphate for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m3；Every 45 ~ 50 days, applying a ferric chloride, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m3。
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Citations (2)
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| CN101363004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for constructing algal phase in prawn culturing pool |
| WO2010011335A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Aurora Biofuels, Inc. | Glyphosate applications in aquaculture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010011335A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Aurora Biofuels, Inc. | Glyphosate applications in aquaculture |
| CN101363004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for constructing algal phase in prawn culturing pool |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 三种海洋经济微藻与赤潮异湾藻的竞争研究;于培睿;《科技经济市场》;20071231(第12期);163-164 * |
| 沈建忠等.单胞藻的培养及在水产养殖中的应用研究.《江苏农业科学》.2009,(第03期), * |
| 葛长字.大型海藻在海水养殖系统中的生物净化作用.《渔业现代化》.2006,(第04期), * |
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