CN104115737A - Method for preventing and controlling pest alga outbreak through nannochloropsis - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling pest alga outbreak through nannochloropsis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115737A CN104115737A CN201410365006.9A CN201410365006A CN104115737A CN 104115737 A CN104115737 A CN 104115737A CN 201410365006 A CN201410365006 A CN 201410365006A CN 104115737 A CN104115737 A CN 104115737A
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- nannochloropsis oculata
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling a pest alga outbreak through nannochloropsis. The method includes the following steps: (1) cultivating and harvesting the nannochloropsis, (2) planting the nannochloropsis in a seawater pond, and (3) carrying out daily management. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to use, environmentally friendly, low in cost, convenient to manage and free of toxic and side effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preventing control method of a kind of algae, especially a kind of method with Nannochloropsis oculata prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae.
Background technology
Development along with seawater pond culture industry, high daily ration, feeding quantity, high stichopus japonicus and the fast development at home of jellyfish pond culture pattern of throwing seedling amount, but the defect due to this aquaculture model self, many negative effects have been brought, excessive and the nutritive salt proportional imbalance of load as organic in cultivating pool, thereby caused the outburst of numerous harmful animal algae (just silk algae and red tide algae), so cause culture-pool water quality to worsen, the serious problems such as disease is spread unchecked.And at the seawater aquaculturing pond of different scale (30 ~ 100 mu) and type (port circle, cofferdam, Tu Chi), all generally there is the outburst of firm silk algae and red tide algae.Only, at the seawater aquaculturing pond of Dalian and Operation in Dandong Area, the economic loss being caused by firm silk algae and red tide algae etc. every year can be up to 8 ~ 1,000,000,000 yuan, and firm silk algae and red tide algae break out serious pond and even can have no harvest.At present, in production, the method for unique employing is exactly a large amount of to throw in chemical herbicides and algicide control just silk algae and red tide algae, but chemicals used on cultivation object (stichopus japonicus, jellyfish), pond water environment and around the ecotope in marine site all caused very serious impact; Dosage excessively can cause cultivating individual subject and be poisoned to death, when dosage is less, also can make medicine at cultivation object body accumulation and residual, weeding medicine enters around also can increase the weight of the deterioration of ecotope behind marine site, causes the Loss of diversity of the coastal ocean ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of method is easy, environmental protection, cost are low, convenient management, the method with Nannochloropsis oculata prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae that has no side effect, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Method with Nannochloropsis oculata prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1), the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata and gathering
By Nannochloropsis oculata inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, 24 ~ 26 ℃ of temperature, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oculata density reaches 2000 ~ 3,000 ten thousand cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oculata is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 ℃ of preservation, must in 1 week, use and complete pond, field inoculation.
(2), sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata
In early spring, after seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata, before inoculation, 160 ~ 200 object zeolite powders of splashing to pond, consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and next day to pond, splash calcium dihydrogen phosphate or dicalcium phosphate, consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m
3, the ferric trichloride of splashing to pond on 3rd, consumption is 1.5 ~ 2 g/m
3, then, after 2 ~ 3 days, under the calm condition of fine day, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata, inoculum concentration is the Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream described in 1 kg of every mu of pond;
During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream is positioned in 200 order nylon guipures, slowly rubs and make it to be fully dissolved in seawater, more evenly splash in full pond;
If during inoculation, in pond, broken out in a large number just silk algae and red tide algae, need firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, and Nannochloropsis oculata inoculum concentration is risen to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mus;
(3), daily management: pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks the survival and growth situation of Nannochloropsis oculata, if effect of inoculation is not good first, supplement inoculation is 1 ~ 2 time after 2 ~ 3 weeks.Nannochloropsis oculata, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, supplements and applies calcium dihydrogen phosphate one time for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m
3; Every 45 ~ 50 days, apply ferric trichloride one time, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m
3.
Method with Nannochloropsis oculata prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae of the present invention, can reach seawater aquaculturing pond need not any chemicals except the effect of algae, aquaculture cost and cultivation risk have been reduced, increased economic benefit, reduced the environmental pollution of breeding environment and surrounding sea areas simultaneously, and eliminated the medicament residue in stichopus japonicus and jellyfish body, on the basis of energy-saving and emission-reduction, realized the target of pollution-free healthy cultivation.
Method successful of the present invention, advantage is outstanding, and Nannochloropsis oculata is splendid to the control efficiency of firm silk algae and red tide algae, and the seawater aquaculturing pond that forms on a large scale Nannochloropsis oculata population can not break out firm silk algae and red tide algae substantially.
Specific experiment data are as follows:
(1) Dandong jellyfish cultivating pool, 50 mu of scales, pond type is Tu Chi.April, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata.After 2 months, the pond of inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata and the contrast pond of not inoculating are investigated.Result shows, inoculates the pond firm silk algae density of Nannochloropsis oculata lower than 0.25g/m
2, red tide algae density is lower than 500 ~ 800 cells/L; And do not inoculate 3 of Nannochloropsis oculata contrast ponds, just silk algae density is 0.1 ~ 0.3 kg/m
2, red tide algae density is 8000 ~ 15000 cells/L.Visible, inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata also makes after its raised growth, can effectively suppress just silk algae and the outburst of red tide algae in pond.Adopt September and catch jellyfish, the pond jellyfish per mu yield of inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata is 200 kilograms, and the contrast pond jellyfish per mu yield of not inoculating is only 50 ~ 80 kilograms.
(2) Dalian Zhuanghe apostichopus japonicus culture pond, 100 mu of scales, pond type is Tu Chi.April, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata.After 3 months, the pond of inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata and the contrast pond of not inoculating are investigated.Result shows, the pond of inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata has no firm silk algae (bristle algae and Enteromorpha) and red tide algae; And do not inoculate 3 of Nannochloropsis oculata contrast ponds, just silk algae content is 0.25 ~ 0.45 kg/m
2.As can be seen here, inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata also makes after its raised growth, can effectively suppress the just outburst of silk algae in pond, and quality of water environment is improved greatly.Adopt September and catch stichopus japonicus, the pond stichopus japonicus per mu yield of inoculation sea lettuce is 115 ~ 120 kg, and the contrast pond stichopus japonicus per mu yield of not inoculating is only 30 ~ 40 kilograms.
Embodiment
1, the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata and gathering: by Nannochloropsis oculata inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, 24 ~ 26 ℃ of temperature, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oculata density reaches 2000 ~ 3,000 ten thousand cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oculata is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 ℃ of preservation, must in 1 week, use and complete pond, field inoculation.
2, sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata: conventionally can inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata in early spring after seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out.Before inoculation, need full pool spilling head zeolite powder (160 ~ 200 order), consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and in full pool spilling head calcium dihydrogen phosphate next day (or dicalcium phosphate), consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m
3, in full pool spilling head ferric trichloride on the 3rd, consumption was 1.5 ~ 2 g/m
3.The effect of zeolite powder is to reduce water body ammonia nitrogen and noxious material content, and the effect of calcium dihydrogen phosphate is to supplement phosphate fertilizer to water body, and the effect of ferric trichloride is to stimulate Nannochloropsis oculata to carry out photosynthesis, and then improves increment speed.Use after 2 ~ 3 days, under the calm condition of fine day, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata, inoculum concentration is every mu of 1 kg Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream (250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram).During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream is positioned in 200 order nylon guipures, slowly rubs and make it to be fully dissolved in seawater, more evenly splash in full pond.If during inoculation, in pond, broken out in a large number just silk algae and red tide algae, need, by after firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, Nannochloropsis oculata inoculum concentration to be risen to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mus.Conventionally inoculation is latter 2 ~ 3 weeks, the population that Nannochloropsis oculata can survive and take on a certain scale in pond.
3, daily management: inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata in pond is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks the survival and growth situation of Nannochloropsis oculata, if effect of inoculation is not good first, can be at 2 ~ 3 weeks supplement inoculation 1 ~ 2 time afterwards.Nannochloropsis oculata, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, supplements and applies calcium dihydrogen phosphate one time for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m
3; Every 45 ~ 50 days, apply ferric trichloride one time, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m
3.After inoculation, pond is not intake and draining on a large scale, to guarantee the density of Nannochloropsis oculata population.Nannochloropsis oculata forms after scale population, can significantly improve the transparency of water body, during cultivation, need to make regular check on the transparency of water body, holothurian cultivation pond be take transparency as 0.8 ~ 1 m is as best, jellyfish cultivating pool be take transparency as 0.3 ~ 0.5 m is as best, if transparency, lower than above scope, can reduce by the mode of large-scale water inlet and draining Nannochloropsis oculata density in water body.After Nannochloropsis oculata large-scale breeding, can make firm silk algae in pond and the density of red tide algae be controlled in reduced levels, can not work the mischief by large-scale outbreak.
The method that the present invention relates to, does not throw in any weeding medicine and is killing under the condition of algae medicine, the harmful animal algae in bionomic control sea pond to pond.This method mainly select battalion swim life ocean Nannochloropsis oculata (
nannochloropsissp.) as instrument algae, Nannochloropsis oculata adaptive faculty is strong, reproduction speed is fast, by at seawater aquaculturing pond artificial infection Nannochloropsis oculata, and making its raised growth and breeding in pond, the Nannochloropsis oculata population taking on a certain scale, by " ecological niche competition ", Nannochloropsis oculata can be competed living space (pond water environment) and the nutritive element (nitrogen, phosphorus etc.) in pond on a large scale, and then repels the red tide algae that swims (as dinoflagellate, xanthophyta etc.) in identical ecological niche; The amount reproduction of Nannochloropsis oculata also can significantly improve the transparency of pond water environment simultaneously, by the mode of " sheltering from heat or light ", suppress to grow in the photosynthesis of the firm silk algae (as firm silk algae, Enteromorpha) on bottom material of pond for breeding, and then the firm silk algae of " competition exclution " pond bottom.This method is simple, be applicable to the seawater aquaculturing pond of various scales (30 ~ 100 mu) and type (port circle, cofferdam, Tu Chi), control effect to firm silk algae and red tide algae is splendid, and pollution-free to breeding environment, cultivation object (stichopus japonicus, jellyfish) drug residue free; In addition, Nannochloropsis oculata can also absorb the nutritive element (nitrogen phosphate and sulfur etc.) in pond in a large number, reduces the Eutrophic Extent of cultivation water environment, realizes the nuisanceless discharge of breeding wastewater.It is target that marine products economic animal health and non-nuisance are take in the present invention, the firm algae of the ecological prevention and control harmful animal of take and red tide algae are means, the present invention can be on a large scale for the production of reality, reducing the periphery sea environment causing due to input medicine in stichopus japonicus, jellyfish pond culture process pollutes, thereby guaranteed the healthy growth of stichopus japonicus and jellyfish individuality, improve the Quality and yield of stichopus japonicus and jellyfish, reduced production cost and risk, on the basis of energy-saving and emission-reduction, realized the target of pollution-free healthy cultivation.
Claims (1)
1. by a method for Nannochloropsis oculata prevention and control seawater aquaculturing pond outburst harmful animal algae, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
(1), the cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata and gathering
By Nannochloropsis oculata inoculated and cultured in f/2 culture fluid, 24 ~ 26 ℃ of temperature, salinity 28 ~ 32 ‰, illumination 5000 ~ 8000 lx, when in culture fluid, Nannochloropsis oculata density reaches 2000 ~ 3,000 ten thousand cells/ml, by channel separator, Nannochloropsis oculata is separated with culture fluid, and be concentrated into density be 250 ~ 30,000,000,000 cells/gram Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream, algae cream is placed in 0 ~ 4 ℃ of preservation, must in 1 week, use and complete pond, field inoculation;
(2), sea pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata
In early spring, after seawater aquaculturing pond ice-out, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata, before inoculation, 160 ~ 200 object zeolite powders of splashing to pond, consumption is 10 ~ 15 kg/ mus, and next day to pond, splash calcium dihydrogen phosphate or dicalcium phosphate, consumption is 8 ~ 10 g/m
3, the ferric trichloride of splashing to pond on 3rd, consumption is 1.5 ~ 2 g/m
3, then, after 2 ~ 3 days, under the calm condition of fine day, inoculate Nannochloropsis oculata, inoculum concentration is the Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream described in 1 kg of every mu of pond;
During inoculation, Nannochloropsis oculata algae cream is positioned in 200 order nylon guipures, slowly rubs and make it to be fully dissolved in seawater, more evenly splash in full pond;
If during inoculation, in pond, broken out in a large number just silk algae and red tide algae, need firm silk algae and red tide algae artificial removal, and Nannochloropsis oculata inoculum concentration is risen to 3 ~ 5 kg algae cream/mus;
(3), daily management: pond inoculation Nannochloropsis oculata is after 7 ~ 10 days, and water sampling checks the survival and growth situation of Nannochloropsis oculata, if effect of inoculation is not good first, supplement inoculation is 1 ~ 2 time after 2 ~ 3 weeks;
Nannochloropsis oculata, after seawater aquaculturing pond inoculation survives, supplements and applies calcium dihydrogen phosphate one time for every 25 ~ 30 days, and consumption is 3 ~ 5 g/m
3; Every 45 ~ 50 days, apply ferric trichloride one time, consumption is 0.5 ~ 1 g/m
3.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101363004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for constructing algal phase in prawn culturing pool |
| WO2010011335A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Aurora Biofuels, Inc. | Glyphosate applications in aquaculture |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010011335A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Aurora Biofuels, Inc. | Glyphosate applications in aquaculture |
| CN101363004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for constructing algal phase in prawn culturing pool |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 于培睿: "三种海洋经济微藻与赤潮异湾藻的竞争研究", 《科技经济市场》, no. 12, 31 December 2007 (2007-12-31) * |
| 沈建忠等: "单胞藻的培养及在水产养殖中的应用研究", 《江苏农业科学》, no. 03, 30 June 2009 (2009-06-30) * |
| 葛长字: "大型海藻在海水养殖系统中的生物净化作用", 《渔业现代化》, no. 04, 31 August 2006 (2006-08-31) * |
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