CN103098733B - Method for prevention and treatment of production of holothurian aquaculture pond cladophora disasters through synergia of multiple living beings - Google Patents
Method for prevention and treatment of production of holothurian aquaculture pond cladophora disasters through synergia of multiple living beings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103098733B CN103098733B CN201310046519.9A CN201310046519A CN103098733B CN 103098733 B CN103098733 B CN 103098733B CN 201310046519 A CN201310046519 A CN 201310046519A CN 103098733 B CN103098733 B CN 103098733B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for prevention and treatment of production of holothurian aquaculture pond cladophora disasters through synergia of multiple living beings. According to the method, synergistic effects of three kinds of living beings are utilized, unicellular floating miniature algas are cultivated in rich water, the illumination transmission degree is controlled through increasing of density of the unicellular floating miniature algas, transmittance of light of pond water can be reduced through gulfweed simultaneously, benthic cladophora cannot receive illumination, and therefore the purpose that growth of the cladophora is controlled is achieved. By means of the ingestion function of rock worms, a small amount of cladophora growing at the pond bottom is eliminated. The method is a complete living being method, does not cause pollution to the environment, and does not injure aquaculture animals. Meanwhile, the floating algas can serve as bait of holothurian aquaculture after dying and sinking. The method has the advantages of being environment-friendly and capable of achieving circulation. The method provides a brand new thought way for prevention and treatment of the cladophora, particularly the cladophora is eliminated through biological competitive inhibition and biological uptake, and therefore a new field is created for prevention and treatment of similar harmful algas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of preventing and treating holothruian cultures disease, the method for particularly a kind of multi-biology cooperated control holothurian cultivation pond bristle algae disaster generation.
Background technology
Imitative stichopus japonicus (
apostichopus japonicus), crying stichopus japonicus again, sea cucumber, is the important kind of China's mariculture.China's apostichopus japonicus culture industry from small to large, fast-developing.By 2008, China's Coastal Areas holothruian cultures area reached 1,000,000 mu, realized nearly 20,000,000,000 yuan of the output value, took up an area nearly 1/3 of district's mariculture industry output value, had become domain type pillar industry.Pond culture is that China stichopus japonicus propagates topmost production model (Chang Yaqing, 2005) artificially.Also be the basis of stichopus japonicus industry development.But; because cultivation is overrun development and manage the not reason such as science; in recent years, Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds is faced with problems: as: the decline of paralic environment Quality Down, fry quality, the farming disease harms generation etc. all govern continuing, stablize and developing in a healthy way of industry.Wherein, the green alga disaster being representative with bristle algae (Cladophora) is broken out and taken place frequently is except pathogenic microorganism causes stichopus japonicus disease, endangers maximum natural calamity to pond culture stichopus japonicus, all throughout the year visible in national apostichopus japonicus culture pond.A large amount of numerous life in bristle algae and Enteromorpha cultivating pool, shows as the main harm of culturing stichopus japonicus: bristle algae and Enteromorpha all living creatures sex pilus shape frond can form marine alga group, is wound around, parcel culturing stichopus japonicus, makes it cannot proper motion, and then affects its growth survival; It breaks out speed and forms comparatively mcroorganism amount soon, fast, and then utilizes cultivating pool nutritive salt in a large number, and cause Chi Shui thin, the numerous life of the foundation baits such as micro-algae and pond Primary Production are suppressed, and cannot provide bait needed for growth for culturing stichopus japonicus; After the death of evil algae is rotted, be piled up in bottom cultivating pool, produce the noxious materials such as a large amount of hydrogen sulphide and ammonia nitrogen, cause bottom environment to worsen, culturing stichopus japonicus occurs dead.
At present, the apostichopus japonicus culture pond green alga disaster caused by bristle algae, mainly contains following 2 kinds of methods and prevents and treats: 1, chemicals kills method, as: algae removal element and agricultural prometryn, that breaks out in disaster carries out full pool spilling head in early days.2, manually skim method, i.e. the mode of end user's work salvaging, in cultivating pool, the algae broken out group is manually pulled out, be placed in land and frond tanned by the sun lethal.But above-mentioned prevention and controls is due to the restriction of more aspect condition, and effect is all very limited, and side effect is larger.Though chemical method saves time and laborsaving, medicine can not be got rid of toxicity and long-term impact are produced on sea cucumber, to beneficial algae and the extinctive destruction of biological provenance in pond, and then affect the growth of sea cucumber.Manually fish for human and material resources and the financial resources of method at substantial, be top frond due to what fish for, bottom root system is removed not yet, when condition is suitable, can grow formation disaster fast again.
In sum, now a kind of suppression holothurian cultivation pond bristle algae disaster production method that can solve the problem is needed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency in order to solve existing for prior art, proposes a kind of generation that effectively can suppress bristle algae disaster, and simple, convenient, with low cost, time saving and energy saving method.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of method that multi-biology cooperated control holothurian cultivation pond bristle algae disaster produces, and it is characterized in that: described method comprises the following steps:
A, in cultivating pool, carry out the cultivation of sea cucumber, at the beginning of annual 5 months, be filled to water level and reach 50-70cm; throw in fermentation poultry dung 50-100kg/ mu every day; continuous input three days, stops throwing in rear 15-20 days, detection cell water clarity; as transparency is greater than 50cm; continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung one day according to 100kg/ mu, as transparency is less than 30cm, normally change water; and to change in cultivating pool water body during each spring tide extremely
In cultivating pool, throw in chlorella while b, each input fermentation poultry dung, the concentration of chlorella is greater than 1,000 ten thousand cells/ml, and injected volume is 200-1000 liter/mu,
C, 5-6 month, rock worm seed of splashing in cultivating pool, seed size is 0.5-2cm, and throwing seedling density is 1-3 ten thousand tails/mu,
D, 5-6 month, adopt the mode of fishing net hanging culture to throw in sargassum seed in cultivating pool, the mesh diameter of hanging culture net is 1-2cm, and the corner colligation of hanging culture net is cursory, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 20-80cm, and the input density of sargassum is 150-250 kg/acre,
E, 5-6 month, every 20 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency is greater than 40cm, are that 20-50kg/ mu throws in fermentation poultry dung 1-2 time in pond according to day injected volume, until transparency is down to below 40cm,
F, first arrival in June 6 the end of month, in cultivating pool, throw in commercially available EM bacterium, the concentration of EM bacterium is greater than 1,000,000,000 cells/ml, and throwing in concentration is every cubic metre of water body 10ppm,
G, first arrival in July 8 the end of month, add water in pond gradually for 2-3 time in the lunar calendar spring tide time-division, make pond water level reach 100-150cm, every 10 days detection cell water clarities,
As transparency is greater than 40cm, in pond, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and after input 3-5 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency be down to be less than 35cm time, stop throw in chicken manure,
As transparency is unchanged, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung in pond, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and 3-5 days detection cell water clarities after input also repeat above-mentioned steps, until the transparency of Chi Shui is down to below 35cm,
H, first arrival in September 10 the end of month, divide and 2-3 time pond water potential drop is low to moderate 80-120cm, simultaneously every 10 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency be greater than 50cm time, in pond, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and after input 3-5 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency is unchanged, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung in pond, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, until transparency is down to be less than 40cm.
Compared with the existing technology, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
Method provided by the present invention, utilize three kinds of bio-cooperations, rich water cultivates the unicellular microalgae that swims, by the increase controlled light permeability of its concentration, sargassum also can reduce the light transmittance of Chi Shui simultaneously, the bristle algae dwelt in the end cannot accept illumination, and then reaches the object controlling its growth; By the effect of ingesting of rock worm, remove a small amount of part bristle algae of pond bottom growth.This is a kind of full biological method, free from environmental pollution, does not injure cultivated animals, also becomes the bait of culturing sea cucumbers, have the feature of green, environmental protection, circulation after the dead sedimentation of the microalgae that simultaneously swims.This method is that control bristle algae provides brand-new thinking, and particularly utilize biological competition to suppress and biological uptake removal bristle algae, frontier has been started in the control for this type of harmful algae.Therefore this method has possessed multiple advantage, and be particularly suitable for applying in the art, its market prospects are very wide.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
Embodiment one
The holothurian cultivation pond chewed at the yellow Gu of Dalian Zhuanghe for 2010, utilizes this method to carry out the control of bristle algae.At its normal holothurian cultivation pond, at the beginning of 5 months, water filling, makes pond water level reach 50cm, and input chicken manure is by fermentation as fertilizer, and every day, injected volume was 50kg/ mu, throws in three days continuously.Throw in after 15 days, detect pond transparency, as transparency is greater than 50cm, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung one day, injected volume is 100kg/ mu.Transparency is less than 30cm, normally changes water, and each spring tide changes 1/4 of pond waters.Throw chlorella while throwing in fermentation poultry dung, chlorella can be commercially available, and also can be artificial cultivation, concentration be >1000 ten thousand cells/ml, and injected volume is 400 liters/mu.
Throw in rock worm seed between the 5-6 month, adopt the method that canoe is struck, water scoops bold and vigorous seedling, full pool spilling head is through the rock worm large size seedling seed (seed size 1cm) of artificial breeding, Transitional culture, and throwing seedling density is 1.0 ten thousand tails/mu.
The 5-6 month throws in sargassum seed, and sargassum adopts fishing net hanging culture method, and fishing net hanging culture mesh diameter reaches 1-2cm, and the corner tighten of fishing net is cursory, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 30cm.Sargassum seed is commercially available, and throwing in density is 150 kgs/acre.
Within every 20 days, detect pond transparency, as transparency be greater than 40cm time, throw in fermentation poultry dung 20 kg/ mu in time totally 2 times, until transparency is down to be less than 40cm.
At the beginning of 6 months, throw in commercially available EM bacterium, EM bacteria concentration is >10 hundred million cells/ml, and throwing in concentration is every cubic metre of water body 10ppm.
First arrival in July 8 the end of month, add water gradually, pond water level reaches 100-150cm, within every 10 days, detect pond transparency, during as transparency >40cm, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 20 kg/ mus, detect transparency after interval 3-5 days, if transparency is reduced to be less than 35cm, stop throwing in chicken manure.If transparency has no significant change, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung 40kg/ mu, detect transparency after 3-5 days and repeat above-mentioned steps, until transparency is down to below 30cm.
After September 1, progressively pond water potential drop is low to moderate 100cm, within every 10 days simultaneously, detects transparency, as transparency be greater than 50cm time, throw in fermentation poultry dung, 10kg/ mu, detected transparency after interval 3-5 days, if change is little, continued to throw in fermentation poultry dung, 15kg/ mu.Repeat above-mentioned steps, until transparency is brought down below 40cm, until at the beginning of 10 months.At the beginning of 10 months, the sargassum of gathering on fishing net, carries out normal holothruian cultures after gathering.
Embodiment two
Holothurian cultivation pond in man of the Rushan, Shandong Province Southern Tang Dynasty in 2010, utilizes this method to carry out the control of bristle algae.At its normal holothurian cultivation pond, at the beginning of 5 months, water filling, makes pond water level reach 80cm, and input chicken manure is by fermentation as fertilizer, and every day, injected volume was 60kg/ mu.Continuous input three days.Throw in after 15 days, detect pond transparency, as transparency is greater than 50cm, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung one day, injected volume is 100kg/ mu.Transparency is less than 30cm, normally changes water, and each spring tide changes 1/5 of pond waters.Throw chlorella while throwing in fermentation poultry dung, chlorella can be commercially available, and also can be artificial cultivation, concentration be >1000 ten thousand cells/ml, and injected volume is 600 liters/mu.
Throw in rock worm seed between the 5-6 month, adopt the method that canoe is struck, water scoops bold and vigorous seedling, full pool spilling head is through the rock worm large size seedling seed (seed size 2cm) of artificial breeding, Transitional culture, and throwing seedling density is 1.0 ten thousand tails/mu.
The 5-6 month throws in sargassum seed, and sargassum adopts fishing net hanging culture method, and fishing net hanging culture mesh diameter reaches 1-2cm, and the corner tighten of fishing net is cursory, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 50cm.Sargassum seed is commercially available, and throwing in density is 200 kgs/acre.
Within every 20 days, detect pond transparency, as transparency be greater than 40cm time, throw in fermentation poultry dung 30 kg/ mu in time totally 2 times, until transparency is down to be less than 40cm.
At the beginning of 6 months, throw in commercially available EM bacterium, EM bacteria concentration is >10 hundred million cells/ml, and throwing in concentration is every cubic metre of water body 10ppm.
First arrival in July 8 the end of month, add water gradually, pond water level reaches 150cm, within every 10 days, detects pond transparency, during as transparency >40cm, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 40 kg/ mus, detect transparency after interval 3-5 days, if transparency is reduced to be less than 35cm, stop throwing in chicken manure.If transparency has no significant change, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung 60kg/ mu, detect transparency after 3-5 days and repeat above-mentioned steps, until transparency is down to below 30cm.
After September 1, progressively pond water potential drop is low to moderate 120cm, within every 10 days simultaneously, detects transparency, as transparency be greater than 50cm time, throw in fermentation poultry dung, 20kg/ mu, detected transparency after interval 3-5 days, if change is little, continued to throw in fermentation poultry dung, 20kg/ mu.Repeat above-mentioned steps, until transparency is brought down below 40cm, until at the beginning of 10 months.At the beginning of 10 months, the sargassum of gathering on fishing net, carries out normal holothruian cultures after gathering.
Claims (1)
1. a method for multi-biology cooperated control holothurian cultivation pond bristle algae disaster generation, is characterized in that: described method comprises the following steps:
A, in cultivating pool, carry out the cultivation of sea cucumber; at the beginning of annual 5 months, be filled to water level and reach 50-70cm, throw in fermentation poultry dung 50-100kg/ mu every day; continuous input three days; stop throwing in rear 15-20 days, detection cell water clarity, as transparency is greater than 50cm; continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung one day according to 100kg/ mu; as transparency is less than 30cm, normally change water, and during each spring tide, change water body in cultivating pool
extremely
,
In cultivating pool, throw in chlorella while b, each input fermentation poultry dung, the concentration of chlorella is greater than 1,000 ten thousand cells/ml, and injected volume is 200-1000 liter/mu,
C, 5-6 month, rock worm seed of splashing in cultivating pool, seed size is 0.5-2cm, and throwing seedling density is 1-3 ten thousand tails/mu,
D, 5-6 month, adopt the mode of fishing net hanging culture to throw in sargassum seed in cultivating pool, the mesh diameter of hanging culture net is 1-2cm, and the corner colligation of hanging culture net is cursory, and the hanging culture degree of depth is 20-80cm, and the input density of sargassum is 150-250 kg/acre,
E, 5-6 month, every 20 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency is greater than 40cm, are that 20-50kg/ mu throws in fermentation poultry dung 1-2 time in pond according to day injected volume, until transparency is down to below 40cm,
F, first arrival in June 6 the end of month, in cultivating pool, throw in commercially available EM bacterium, the concentration of EM bacterium is greater than 1,000,000,000 cells/ml, and throwing in concentration is every cubic metre of water body 10ppm,
G, first arrival in July 8 the end of month, add water in pond gradually for 2-3 time in the lunar calendar spring tide time-division, make pond water level reach 100-150cm, every 10 days detection cell water clarities,
As transparency is greater than 40cm, in pond, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and after input 3-5 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency be down to be less than 35cm time, stop throw in chicken manure,
As transparency is unchanged, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung in pond, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and 3-5 days detection cell water clarities after input also repeat above-mentioned steps, until the transparency of Chi Shui is down to below 35cm,
H, first arrival in September 10 the end of month, divide and 2-3 time pond water potential drop is low to moderate 80-120cm, simultaneously every 10 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency be greater than 50cm time, in pond, throw in fermentation poultry dung, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, and after input 3-5 days detection cell water clarities, as transparency is unchanged, continue to throw in fermentation poultry dung in pond, injected volume is 10-50kg/ mu, until transparency is down to be less than 40cm.
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| CN103238543B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-10-29 | 大连市水产技术推广总站 | Method for controlling large algae in sea cucumber pond on basis of biotechnology |
| CN103598080A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-02-26 | 文登市水产技术推广站 | Method for controlling macroalgaes in stichopus japonicas culture pond |
| CN104108796B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-01-20 | 大连海洋大学 | The method of bristle algae and/or Enteromorpha is broken out with sea lettuce prevention and control apostichopus japonicus culture pond |
| CN106912428B (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2020-06-09 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating harmful algae in river crab ecological breeding pond through multi-organism synergy |
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| CN101082024A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-05 | 上海泓宝绿色水产科技发展有限公司 | Preparation of holothurian pool bacterium and method for restoring sea cucumber cultivation pool environment |
| CN101151964A (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | 山东好当家海洋发展股份有限公司 | Ecological cultivation method of biological bacterium sea cucumber |
| CN101305696A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2008-11-19 | 张士华 | Sandy pool Apostichopus japonicus ecological regulation and cultivation method |
| CN101491220A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-07-29 | 大连水产学院 | Beche-de-mer pool crag cage rearing method |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101082024A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-05 | 上海泓宝绿色水产科技发展有限公司 | Preparation of holothurian pool bacterium and method for restoring sea cucumber cultivation pool environment |
| CN101151964A (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | 山东好当家海洋发展股份有限公司 | Ecological cultivation method of biological bacterium sea cucumber |
| CN101305696A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2008-11-19 | 张士华 | Sandy pool Apostichopus japonicus ecological regulation and cultivation method |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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