CN104093436A - 自动注射装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种与注射器(30)组合使用的自动注射器装置(10),所述注射器包括:可移动柱塞;针;以及管状针护罩(34)。所要求保护的自动注射器装置(10)包括:细长的壳体,其具有近端(11)和远端(12);驱动机构;注射器保持器(40),用于支撑脆弱的注射器并防止损坏注射器。此外,本发明涉及一种用于组装根据本发明的自动注射器装置的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于与注射器组合使用的自动注射装置,以及一种用于将所述注射器组装在自动注射器装置中的方法。
背景技术
不同类型的自动注射器被频繁使用,以便对病人给药。当自动注射器的近端被正确地定位在病人皮肤的期望区域上时,自动注射器上的启动部件被按压,以激活自动注射器。当被激活时,针迅速穿刺皮肤,药物经过针进行自动输送。
目前在市场上有两种不同类别的自动注射器。第一种使用定制设计的药物腔室,这些示例在WO2003/099358和WO01/93926中有描述,而第二类使用标准的预充式注射器。针对标准预充式注射器的使用有诸多优势,例如注射器已依据本规则经过了测试和认证,这节约了时间并减少了自动注射器的整体成本。本发明针对的是与标准预充式注射器组合使用的一次性自动注射器。
由于自动注射器通常用于药物的自行给药,所以最好迅速执行对病人皮肤的穿刺和经过针输送药物,这就要求由驱动机构施加到注射器的显著力。然而,注射器是脆弱的,当施加驱动机构的力时,存在脆弱注射器破裂的显著风险。
在WO2007/083115中,公开了一种自动注射器,包括注射器支撑部件,该注射器支撑部件往往布置在注射器周围并支撑注射器前部。该支撑部件降低了损坏注射器的风险,但当启动自动注射器而从驱动机构施加较大的力时,仍存在损坏脆弱注射器的显著风险。
因而,仍然需要一种改进的自动注射器装置,其进一步降低了损坏注射器的危险。
发明内容
所附权利要求限定的本发明提供了满足以上限定的需求的自动注射器装置。
本发明的自动注射器装置沿着纵向轴线A是细长的并具有近端和相对的远端,包括:
-具有基本圆形横截面的注射器,注射器具有外径,所述注射器具有包括颈部的近端和从容器的外周设置有径向延伸的凸缘的远端;所述注射器进一步包括可移动柱塞、针和管状针护罩,所述管状针护罩具有的外径大于所述注射器的外径,
-细长的自动注射器壳体,其包括用于所述注射器的空间;
-驱动机构,其布置在所述壳体的远端中,以便当自动注射器被启动时在所述可移动柱塞上施加一力;
-注射器保持器,其注射器保持器壁具有基本管状的形状,所述保持器壁具有:
-设置有远端支撑轴环的开口远端,所述远端支撑轴环布置在所述注射器保持器壁的外周周围,以由所述径向延伸的凸缘支撑所述注射器,
-设置有近端支撑轴环的开口近端,所述近端支撑轴环布置在所述注射器保持器壁的内周周围,以支撑所述注射器颈部,和
-在远端方向上从所述开口近端延伸的狭槽,导致在近端使所述注射器保持器壁形成C形横截面形状。
根据本发明的一个方面,所述保持器壁在所述近端支撑轴环和所述远端支撑轴环之间具有纵向长度,所述纵向长度对应于所述注射器的长度,使得当力施加在所述可移动柱塞上时,同时使所述注射器保持器壁的远端支撑轴环支撑所述注射器的所述径向延伸的凸缘以及使所述近端支撑轴环支撑所述注射器的所述颈部。
根据本发明的又一方面,所述近端支撑轴环具有一内径,所述内径小于所述注射器的外径。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述近端支撑轴环具有一内径,所述内径小于管状针覆盖护罩的外径。
根据本发明的又一方面,所述近端支撑轴环能够沿径向向外弯曲,以便当所述注射器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述注射器保持器内时,允许所述管状针护罩穿过。
因为根据本发明的注射器保持器沿着注射器的整个长度提供了对注射器的支撑,所以所要求保护的发明满足了上面限定的需要。此外,注射器保持器的远端由于注射器保持器的对应长度而将与注射器远端处的径向延伸的凸缘接触,并在施加来自驱动机构的力时支撑凸缘。由于注射器既在近端处由轴环支撑着与颈部接触,又在远端处由平坦表面支撑着与注射器的凸缘接触,所以当由驱动机构施加驱动力时损坏注射器的风险被大大降低。
所要求保护的注射器装置的又一优点在于,注射器保持器的C形近端有利于注射器在保持器中的装配,这是因为C形横截面使注射器保持器的近端能够弯曲,从而允许管状针护罩(即使它的直径超过轴环的内径)移过轴环。一旦注射器装配在注射器保持器中,C形轴环将在几乎整个注射器颈部周围提供所需的支撑,这是有利的,因为注射器颈部上的负荷将分布在更大的面积上,损坏注射器的风险可以大大降低。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述自动注射器装置包括引导部件,当所述注射器保持器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述自动注射器壳体内时,用于控制所述注射器保持器在所述自动注射器壳体内的运动。这是自动注射器装置的有利实施例,因为引导部件将在自动注射器装置的制备期间进行辅助。首先,通过经由注射器保持器的远端将注射器的近端引入到注射器保持器中,将注射器装配在注射器保持器中;然后,在便于将注射器和注射器保持器安装在壳体中的引导部件辅助期间,在近端方向上将自动注射器装置移动至近端壳体部分内的期望位置。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述引导部件包括:沿着所述注射器保持器壁的外周布置的突起,以及沿着所述自动注射器壳体的内周布置的相应凹槽。本实施例的引导部件在自动注射器装置的制备期间提供了令人满意的引导。
本发明的一个实施例包括位于所述自动注射器壳体和所述注射器保持器中的相应开口或窗口,这使得它能够容易地确认注射器相对于注射器保持器和自动注射器壳体是否正确地装配。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述注射器保持器包括锁定部件,当所述注射器保持器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述自动注射器壳体内时,所述锁定部件相对于所述自动注射器壳体固定所述注射器保持器。
在本发明的一个实施例中,当所述注射器保持器在自动注射器壳体内处于近端位置时,所述注射器保持器的近端的外周由位于所述自动注射器壳体的内表面上的接触表面沿径向支撑。本实施例是有利的,因为自动注射器壳体的接触表面将防止注射器保持器壁的近端沿径向向外弯曲,这确保当驱动机构施加驱动力时,注射器保持在注射器保持器中的期望位置。
当然,上面描述的不同实施例可以以不同的方式进行组合和修改,而不脱离由权利要求限定的本发明的范围。本发明的其它细节将在具体实施方式中进行说明。
附图说明
本发明的一个实施例示于附图中,所述附图公开了:
图1示出了组装在注射器保持器中的注射器的透视图。
图2示出了注射器保持器的透视图。
图3a、图3b和图3c示出了在组装自动注射器装置期间自动注射器装置在不同步骤中的分解图。
具体实施方式
在图3a至3c所示,示出了根据本发明的自动注射器装置10的所选择器件。自动注射器装置10沿纵向轴线A是细长的,用于药物的自行给药并具有近端11和相对的远端12。
自动注射器装置包括自动注射器壳体,该自动注射器壳体分为近端壳体部分13和远端壳体部分14,以便在壳体内侧限定出供组装自动注射器不同器件所占用的空间。
自动注射器壳体具有管的形状。自动注射器壳体期望将预充式注射器30容纳在注射器保持器40内。驱动机构(未示出)也布置在壳体内。驱动机构被布置成向注射器中的可移动柱塞施加指向近端的驱动力,以便通过针(未示出)来排出药物。
驱动机构在附图中未详细加以说明,而是不同类型的驱动机构都是可用的。驱动机构可包括预张紧弹簧,预张紧弹簧在启动时经由柱塞杆(未示出)向布置在注射器远端中的可移动柱塞施加预定压力。
自动注射器用于与标准的预充式注射器30组合使用。注射器30组装在以透视的方式示出于图2的注射器保持器40中,具有基本圆形的横截面(具有外径)。注射器通常由玻璃制成,以确保将药物可靠且卫生地存储在注射器30中。在注射器30的近端处,外径减小且成形如颈部32,在注射器输送之前将针(未示出)和针护罩34附接至颈部32。为了确保针在使用前保持无菌,针由针护罩34保护,针护罩34具有基本圆形的横截面并且其外径大于细长注射器的外径。管状针护罩34可以是所谓的硬质针护罩(RNS)。进一步地,管状针护罩34包围着针并且可拆卸地紧固至注射器30的颈部32。管形注射器30的远端布置有径向延伸的凸缘35。此外,注射器30包括布置在注射器30远端中的可移动柱塞,以密封注射器30并确保注射器中的预填充药物保留在注射器30中。可优选地,可移动柱塞由橡胶材料制成,以在注射器30的内周和柱塞之间实现密封。
注射器30由在下面更详细描述的注射器保持器40固定在自动注射器壳体中。注射器保持器40布置在近端壳体部分中,以将注射器30相对于注射器保持器和自动注射器壳体支撑和保持在预先确定的位置中。在组装自动注射器期间,首先将注射器30插入于注射器保持器40中,然后将其在自动注射器装置10的近端方向上移动至前方位置,在前方位置中,注射器保持器40固定在近端壳体部分中。注射器保持器在近端壳体部分中的运动由引导部件41帮助,引导部件41由沿着注射器保持器40外周的相应纵向突起42和沿着近端壳体部分内周的纵向凹部组成。此外,相应的扣合紧固部件43布置在注射器保持器40和近端壳体部分上,以便将注射器保持器永久地固定在近端壳体部分内的所需近端位置上。
注射器保持器40给脆弱注射器30提供了可靠和有效的支撑,并减少了损坏注射器30的风险。注射器保持器40的一个实施例示于图2的透视图中,它从自动注射器装置的其它器件分离出来。注射器保持器40具有管状形状的保持器壁44,其具有近端45和远端46。注射器保持器的近端45是开口的但设置有近端支撑轴环47,近端支撑轴环47布置在所述注射器保持器壁的内周周围,以在近端纵向方向上支撑所述注射器颈部32。进一步地,近端支撑轴环47的内径小于细长注射器的外径,因此也小于管状针护罩的外径。狭槽48在远端方向上从所述开口的近端延伸,导致在近端方向上形成注射器保持器壁的C形横截面形状。近端45中的C形保持器壁能够径向向外弯曲,这对注射器30在注射器保持器40中的装配是必要的,因为管状针护罩34的外径超过近端支撑轴环47中的开口内径。这意味着,注射器30可从注射器保持器的远端46装配在注射器保持器40中。然后,注射器30在近端方向上移动到注射器保持器40内。当管状针覆盖护罩34到达近端支撑轴环47时,C形保持器壁将径向向外弯曲,从而使之可以进一步移动注射器30,直到注射器30的颈部32与轴环47接触,即注射器30位于注射器保持器40内的所需位置。在此位置,针护罩34已经完全通过支撑轴环47,允许C形保持器壁在针护罩后面、沿径向向内、向后弯曲,使得轴环支撑注射器的颈部32。
此外,注射器保持器40包括远端支撑轴环49,远端支撑轴环49布置在所述注射器保持器壁44的外周周围,并在近端支撑轴环47和远端支撑轴环49之间具有纵向长度,该纵向长度相当于注射器30的长度,使得当注射器30装配在注射器保持器40内的所需位置时,所述注射器保持器壁的远端支撑轴环49与注射器30的径向延伸的凸缘35的近端侧接触,并在近端支撑轴环47支撑所述注射器30的颈部32的同时对注射器保持器40内的脆弱注射器30提供进一步的支撑。从而显著降低了损坏注射器30的风险。此外,注射器保持器40包括便于其在自动注射器装置纵向方向上运动的引导部件,以及用于在将注射器组装于注射器保持器40中之前将注射器保持器固定在近端壳体部分中的锁定部件。
此外,近端壳体部分设置有窗口15或开口,其在注射器保持器40装配在近端壳体部分中的所需位置时对应于注射器保持器40中的狭槽48,以便使注射器30和注射器中的药物从自动注射器壳体的外侧可见,并使病人可以验证自动注射器装置是否正确组装并准备好使用。
自动注射器装置的三种不同组装步骤示意性地示出于图3a-3c中。在图3a中,示出了近端壳体部分和注射器保持器40,注射器30没有装配在注射器保持器40中。注射器保持器40可移动地布置在近端壳体部分中,介于远端位置和近端位置之间。在将注射器装配在注射器保持器中之前,注射器保持器布置在远端位置中准备进行组装。
自动注射器装置10的组装开始于:如图3b所示,通过将注射器的近端插入在注射器保持器40的远端中,并且在近端方向上推动注射器,直到注射器30的颈部32与注射器保持器40近端中的轴环47接触,将注射器30装配在注射器保持器40中。然后,注射器30和注射器保持器40在近端方向上同时移动至近端壳体部分中的近端位置。在近端位置,注射器保持器40的近端外周将由近端壳体部分内表面上的支撑表面16围绕。如图3c所示,支撑表面的横截面形状对应于注射器保持器的外周,以提供刚性支撑并防止近端的C形壁沿径向向外弯曲,从而确保注射器30位于注射器保持40和自动注射器装置10中。最后,通过将远端壳体部分装配至近端壳体部分使自动注射器壳体在注射器30周围闭合。
相应地,本发明的组装方法包括以下步骤:
a).将注射器30的近端插入在注射器保持器40的远端中;
b).朝向注射器保持器的近端移动注射器30,直到注射器30的颈部32与近端支撑轴环47接触并且注射器30的径向延伸的凸缘35与注射器保持器40的远端支撑轴环49接触;
c).朝向自动注射器装置10的近端同时移动注射器保持器40和注射器30。
在没有脱离权利要求限定的本发明范围的情况下,上面描述的不同实施例可以以不同方式组合并做进一步修改。
Claims (10)
1.自动注射器装置(10),沿着纵向轴线(A)是细长的,具有近端(11)和相对的远端(12),所述装置包括:
-具有基本圆形横截面的注射器(30),所述注射器具有外径,所述注射器具有包括颈部(32)的近端和从容器的外周设置有径向延伸的凸缘(35)的远端;所述注射器进一步包括可移动柱塞、针和管状针护罩(34),所述管状针护罩(34)具有的外径大于所述注射器的外径;
-细长的自动注射器壳体,其包括用于所述注射器的空间;
-驱动机构,其布置在所述壳体的远端中,以便当自动注射器被启动时在所述可移动柱塞上施加一力;
-注射器保持器(40),其注射器保持器壁(44)具有基本管状的形状,所述保持器壁具有:
-设置有远端支撑轴环(49)的开口远端(46),所述远端支撑轴环(49)布置在所述注射器保持器壁(44)的外周周围,以由所述径向延伸的凸缘(35)支撑所述注射器,
-设置有近端支撑轴环(47)的开口近端(45),所述近端支撑轴环(47)布置在所述注射器保持器壁(44)的内周周围,以支撑所述注射器颈部(32),和
-在远端方向上从所述开口近端(45)延伸的狭槽(48),导致在近端(45)使所述注射器保持器壁形成C形横截面形状,
-当所述注射器保持器(40)在所述自动注射器内处于近端位置时,所述注射器保持器的近端的外周由位于所述自动注射器壳体的内表面上的一个或多个接触表面(16)沿径向支撑。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述保持器壁(44)在所述近端支撑轴环(47)和所述远端支撑轴环(49)之间具有纵向长度,所述纵向长度对应于所述注射器(30)的长度,使得当力施加到所述可移动柱塞上时,同时使所述注射器保持器壁(44)的远端支撑轴环(49)支撑所述注射器(30)的所述径向延伸的凸缘(35)以及使所述近端支撑轴环(47)支撑所述注射器的所述颈部(32)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述近端支撑轴环(47)具有一内径,所述内径小于所述注射器的外径。
4.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述近端支撑轴环(47)具有一内径,所述内径小于所述管状针护罩的外径。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述近端支撑轴环(47)能够沿径向向外弯曲,以便当所述注射器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述注射器保持器内时,允许所述管状针护罩穿过。
6.根据前述权利要求1-5中任一项所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述自动注射器装置包括引导部件(41),当所述注射器保持器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述自动注射器壳体内时,用于控制所述注射器保持器(40)在所述自动注射器壳体内的运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述引导部件(41)包括:沿着所述注射器保持器壁(44)的外周布置的突起,以及沿着所述自动注射器壳体的内周布置的相应凹槽。
8.根据前述权利要求1-7中任一项所述的自动注射器装置(10),包括位于所述自动注射器壳体和所述注射器保持器(40)上的相应开口或窗口(16,48)。
9.根据前述任一项权利要求1-8所述的自动注射器装置(10),其中,所述注射器保持器(40)包括锁定部件(43),当所述注射器保持器相对于所述纵向轴线(A)纵向地安装在所述自动注射器壳体内时,所述锁定部件(43)相对于所述自动注射器壳体固定所述注射器保持器。
10.用于将注射器(30)组装在根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的自动注射器装置(10)中的方法,包括以下步骤:
a).将注射器(30)的近端插入在注射器保持器(40)的远端中;
b).朝向注射器保持器的近端移动注射器(30),直到注射器(30)的颈部(32)与近端支撑轴环(47)接触并且注射器(30)的径向延伸的凸缘(35)与注射器保持器(40)的远端支撑轴环(49)接触;
c).朝向自动注射器装置(10)的近端同时移动注射器保持器(40)和注射器(30)。
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