CN104054517A

CN104054517A - Propagation method for grafting cocoa tea on common tea

Info

Publication number: CN104054517A
Application number: CN201410264092.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杭悦宇; 温尧林; 孙小芹; 李密密; 彭斌
Original assignee: Jiangsu Kaiji Biotechnology Co ltd; Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Jiangsu Kaiji Biotechnology Co ltd; Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 2014-05-29
Filing date: 2014-05-29
Publication date: 2014-09-24

Abstract

The invention relates to a propagation method for grafting cocoa tea on common tea, in particular to a grafting propagation method of the cocoa tea. The method comprises the steps of collecting wild cocoa tea as grafting cutting slips and nationally widely cultured common tea affinis to the cocoa tea as stocks for grafting between 25, March and 20, April; grafting the common tea containing theobromine with the common tea containing caffeine, wherein the feature that the theobromine is contained is unchanged. According to the grafting method, the survival rate can be simply, economically and fast improved, the basic seed properties are unchanged and the garden forming speed is fast.

Description

The propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea

1. technical field

The present invention introduces a kind of propagation by grafiting method of propagation by grafiting seedling-cultivating method, the especially Cocoa of tea tree.

2. background technology

Tea tree is perennial crop, and cross pollination is heterogeneous combination in genetic constitution, and offspring has segregation phenomenon widely, need to, in larger colony, just likely select defect individual.

The domestic exclusive wild tea tree plant resource of China of finding in Cocoa (Camellia ptilopyhlla Chang) Shi Guangdong Province.Traditional drink tea all be take caffeine as main, and contains micro-theobromine and theophylline, and Cocoa principal character is to take theobromine contents as the main caffeine that do not contain, and theobromine contents can be up to 6.8%; The content of Tea Polyphenols is higher than general teas plant in addition.Theobromine has special effect aspect physiology and pharmacology, its Acute Hypotensive Effect relaxes, there is no excitor nerve effect, conduce to sleep, there is cardiotonic, can improve the dynamic endurance of body, can anti peroxidation of lipid and delay body aging, simultaneously can reduce cholesterol and blood fat, so Cocoa is better than the traditional tea that contains more caffeine on health care, market prospects are wide.

Someone has applied for " a kind of drinking chocolate big stock grafting and breeding method " (patent No. 200710030068) patent of invention by name, its main contents: before February in time of the year when autumn changes into winter to next year; Select the Pu'er tea tea tree at 5-15 age to do stock; The selection annual lignified branch of Cocoa or the then branch of raw semi-lignified are that scion has met the requirement that survival rate is high, one-tenth garden speed is fast, Cocoa elementary species is constant, but owing to being subject to stock species growth limitation and stock to count quantitative limitation, can not extensively promote.

Adopt tissue cultivation to realize Fast-propagation starts to walk early in common tea tree biotechnology.Because Cocoa cauline leaf surface is by fine hair, causing sterilizing can not be very thorough, utilizing stem apex, blade to do explant very easily pollutes, utilize the research report of the Zu Peijinyou Zhongshan University of immature embryo, but due to Cocoa cross pollination, when wild, tea fruit is few, seminal propagation rate is extremely low, wild tea fruit quantity is extremely limited, so this tissue-culturing rapid propagation is also restricted.

In order to overcome the restriction of the low and current existing various propagation techniques of existing natural propagation rate to Cocoa sapling multiplication, the invention provides a kind of new grafting method.

3. summary of the invention

The present invention adopts wild Cocoa branch to make cuttings, the nearly edge of Cocoa, the whole nation extensively the common tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Ktze.) of cultivation as stock, carry out grafting, this propagation method can obtain that survival rate is high, elementary species is constant, the fireballing propagation method in one-tenth garden easily, economically, fast.

4 embodiments

Embodiment 1:

Guangdong resembles the raw Cocoa grafting of hill Yixing common tea (kind is Yixing kind), and March 5 carried out.

(1) Guangdong resembles the raw cocoa tea tree of hill and rises September the previous year and to stay branch, and through approximately growth in 6 months, branch length is 30-40cm;

(2) selected have 8 years and Yixing kind tea tree of the above age of tree makes stock;

(3) scion is cut in choosing: select robust growth, internode is long, axillalry bud is full, germination rate is high, without 1 year raw semi-lignified breeding branch of damage by disease and insect, get the branch of bud one leaf, a long 4-6cm and do scionwood; Grafting knife is at the slightly lower place of back of the body bud one side, and grafting knife is cut sth. askew downwards under backward into xylem and cut 3-5cm, 1cm place under bud, and grafting knife is cut sth. askew downwards under backward into xylem and is cut, and makes the tangent plane wedgewise of both sides.Cutting in an immersion growth hormone of the scion of cutting soaked;

(4) cut anvil: the disconnected branch of 20-25 centimeters on ground, the anvil face scraping of breaking is smooth, and each anvil is opened 1 mouthful.

(5) grafting: after stock opening, insert opening with screwdriver, knock gently screwdriver with wooden stick opening is widened, the scion of cutting is inserted, make scion formation layer and stock form layer and coincide, extract screwdriver;

(6) bagging colligation: put transparent plastic bag tighten in grafting part after each stock completes;

(7) safeguard measure after grafting: choose height with bamboo pole after grafting and build black net sunshade protection canopy, grafting is protected;

(8) managing after grafting: as far as possible do not touch scion after grafting.After scion survives, when young sprout growth reaches 10cm left and right, remove plastic sack and sunshade net.Strengthen water and fertilizer management and extermination of disease and insect pest work.

Common tea with common tea (Yixing kind) grafting containing caffeine containing theobromine, its characteristic containing theobromine does not change.

Embodiment 2:

Guangdong resembles the raw Cocoa grafting of hill Nanjing common tea (kind is Dragon Well tea 43), and March 15 carried out.

(2) selected have 8 years and Dragon Well tea 43 tea trees of the above age of tree make stock;

Common tea with common tea (Dragon Well tea 43) grafting containing caffeine containing theobromine, its characteristic containing theobromine does not change.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is grafting schematic diagram:

1 anvil face; 2 scion; 3 plastic sacks.

Claims

1. the propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea, is characterized in that:

A grafting time is selected: between 25-April 20 March;

The selection of B stock: select the tea tree (Camellia sinensis var. viridis) at 8-10 age, disconnected perennial branch, equating section;

The scion of C Cocoa is selected: the raw lignification of sprout tillers of intercepting Cocoa 1-2 or the branch of semi-lignified are as grafting fringe;

D cuts fringe, and will cut in an immersion growth hormone;

E grafting: scion grafting is entered to sleeper;

F colligation: put transparent plastic bag tighten in grafting part;

G protection: choose height with bamboo pole and build black net sunshade protection canopy;

H solution is tied up: after scion survives, remove plastic sack and sunshade net.

2. the propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea according to claim 1, is characterized in that the disconnected branch of common tea stock 20-25 centimeters on ground described in step B, and fracture diameter is 6-10cm.

3. the propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in step C that Cocoa is clear and definite composition containing theobromine containing the wild Cocoa of caffeine.

4. the propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cutting fringe described in step D is: the long 4-6cm of scion branch, while cutting fringe, carrying on the back the slightly lower place of bud one side, grafting knife is cut sth. askew downwards under backward into xylem and is cut 3-5cm, 1cm place under bud, grafting knife is cut sth. askew downwards under backward into xylem and is cut, and makes the tangent plane wedgewise of both sides.

5. the propagation method of Cocoa grafting common tea according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in step e that grafting is: with pocket knife, open anvil, every branch is opened 1 mouthful, the long 3-4cm of mouth, after stock opening, inserts opening with screwdriver, with wooden stick, knocking gently screwdriver widens opening, the scion of cutting is inserted, make scion formation layer and stock form layer and coincide, extract screwdriver.