CN104054493A - Novel machine seedling transplanting and seedling culture method - Google Patents
Novel machine seedling transplanting and seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104054493A CN104054493A CN201410298821.8A CN201410298821A CN104054493A CN 104054493 A CN104054493 A CN 104054493A CN 201410298821 A CN201410298821 A CN 201410298821A CN 104054493 A CN104054493 A CN 104054493A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel machine seedling transplanting and seedling culture method. According to the method, during earthworm excretion substrate preparation, earthworm excretion obtained after Taiping No. earthworms eat milk cow excretion is utilized and is subjected to sieving processing, and obtained materials are uniformly mixed with field sieved fine soil according to a proportion being 1:1; the sieved fine soil is used as covering soil; fresh fodder grass straws are spread and paved on the bottom of a seedling culture disc; substrates, spraying water, rice seeds to be seeded and the covering soil are contained in the seedling culture disc, and the seeding is completed. The method provided by the invention overcomes the defects that in the prior art, the fertility continuity cannot be anastomotic with the rice seedling growth requirement and the machine seedling transplanting performance, and the problem of three-leaf and one-core yellowing can be solved through once additional fertilizer application in the one-leaf and one-core period of the rice. The method has the advantages that heat generated by respiration and absorption in the covering and seed root developing process and the seedling field moisture effects are utilized for promoting the fodder grass straws to gradually become thoroughly decomposed, the nutritional requirements are just supplemented when the rice grows to the three-leaf and one-core state, and the goals of forming strong seedlings, increasing the single-planting white root quantity, improving the root system packing performance, increasing the stem thickness and promoting the machine transplanting survival rate improvement and fast living plant green turning are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, particularly a kind of new-type transplanting method of raising seedling.
Background technology
Transplanting, as a kind of modern Rice Production mode, has the advantages that operating efficiency is high, save labor, increase production and improve productivity, and is the development trend of modern Rice Cropping.The Main Bottleneck of restriction transplanting development is seedling quality and machine transplanting of rice performance issue at present.
Before the present invention, although existing transplanting seedling-cultivating method is more, can meet that transplanting requirement seedling is strong, packing is good, Bai Genduo, lifting band soil nature can be good, the fast method requiring of being revival from transplanting after planting is less.Aspect seedling medium, there is much research; the formula that mostly adopts decomposed organic matter or combine with inorganic fertilizer; exist the continuation of fertility to be difficult to coincide with rice seedling growth needs and machine transplanting of rice performance requirement; need to wholeheartedly mend and execute fertilizer and could solve the three leaves yellow problem that wholeheartedly falls at paddy rice one leaf, often can cause root system development to be difficult to meet the requirement of the machine transplanting of rice to packing effect and rice shoot shatter value.This not only increases production cost, also causes that working procedure is complicated, production efficiency is influenced.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to overcome above-mentioned defect, develops a kind of new-type transplanting method of raising seedling.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A new-type transplanting method of raising seedling, its technical characteristics is following steps:
(1) wormcast substrate preparation is to utilize large flat No. two earthworms to take food the earthworm excrement after cattle manure, and the processing of sieving evenly mixes according to 1: 1 ratio with the land for growing field crops fine earth that sieves;
(2) choose the fine earth that sieves as blinding;
(3) fresh herbage stalk is paved in seedling-cultivating tray bottom;
(4) fill matrix, shower water, broadcast rice paddy seed, blinding, complete sowing.
Earthworm excrement in described step (1), through the processing of sieving of 20 orders, evenly mixes according to 1: 1 ratio with the land for growing field crops 20 orders fine earth that sieves.
In described step (2), choose land for growing field crops 20 orders and sieve fine earth as blinding.
In described step (3), fresh herbage stalk is every dish 150-200g, and through cutting into length≤10cm.
In described step (4), rice paddy seed is soaked seed to showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally through the processing of basking seeds in advance, medicament.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are to solve strong seedling and machine transplanting of rice performance requirement consistency problem, for the desirable transplanting competency profiling of growing seedlings, are: about 20 days length of time rice seedlings grow, many, the root system dish knot of leaf age 3.0-3.2, plant height 13-16cm, the thick 2.0-2.2cm of stem, well developed root system, the white root of individual plant firmly, the requirement of little, the neat and consistent of growing of loose, the formation blanket shape seedling of lifting hour indicator soil, individual difference.By first placing the fresh herbage of one deck---be chopped into≤10cm of perennial ryegrass stalk at seedling-cultivating tray bottom even, utilize flowing water seeding operation machinery, by wormcast: soil covers on stalk according to 1: the 1 uniform matrix of volume mixture, through machine water, after the operation procedure such as sowing, blinding, the seedling-cultivating tray of having sowed is moved to indoor heap and be set to 1-1.5 rice high germination heap, and within 48 hours, germinate with tight the carrying out of film wrapped, a good seedling-cultivating tray of thatch is transplanted to rice seedling bed and carries out normal management, until the machine transplanting of rice.This method be utilize vexed put and seed root system growth course in breathe, absorb the heat and the humidity of seedbed effect that produce and promote herbage stalk to become thoroughly decomposed gradually, to paddy rice three leaves, just in time supplement nutrient demand wholeheartedly time, to forming strong seedling and increasing individual plant Bai Genliang, improve root system dish solidity energy, increase that stem is thick, to improve leaf color very favourable.Also improved machine transplanting of rice performance simultaneously, promoted machine transplanting of rice survival rate to improve and live fast to turn green.Adopt the present invention, can be by 30 yuan of left and right of every mu of Production of Large Fields cost, output improves 4% left and right, and key is to provide Technology Ways to the production of organic paddy rice, and ecological benefits are obvious.
Use the present invention, can the every mu of 30 yuan of left and right that reduce production costs, increase output 4% left and right; machine transplanting of rice planting percent improves 10% left and right, and seedling-slowing stage shortens 2-3d, and ecological benefits are very remarkable; for the production of organic paddy rice lays the foundation, ecotope is protected, and agricultural product security has had guarantee.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1---schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention utilizes the easily feature of heating of fresh herbage stalk, by laying in seedling-cultivating tray bottom the fresh herbage stalk that thin layer is processed through chopping≤10cm in advance, take wormcast formula as matrix, through the operation of streamline seeding machinery, as shown in Figure 1:
Paving, fresh herbage stalk → interpolation wormcast nutrient matrix → shower water → evenly sowing → blinding program is sowed, the indoor vernalization of banking up, the links such as outdoor rice seedling bed growth, form that seedling is strong, seedling is strong, seedling is neat, Miao Wang, packing is good, improving activity of root system is strong, can meet the healthy and strong rice shoot of transplanting requirement.
Main method is: wormcast substrate preparation is to utilize large flat No. two earthworms to take food the earthworm excrement after cattle manure, through the processing of sieving of 20 orders, evenly mixes according to 1: 1 ratio with the land for growing field crops 20 orders fine earth that sieves; Seedling-cultivating tray is special plastic seedling raising hard disc, and specification is 58cm * 28cm * 2.5cm; Choose land for growing field crops 20 orders and sieve fine earth as blinding; Rice paddy seed is soaked seed to showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally through the processing of basking seeds in advance, medicament, picks up clear water and rinses, drains stand-by.Every dish is laid about 150-200g in advance through cutting into the fresh herbage stalk of length≤10cm in bottom, then go up flowing water operation seed-sowing machine tool and sow: fill matrix 2cm thick → shower water (drenching) → sowing (every dish 140-150g) → blinding (0.5cm is thick).After having sowed, seedling-cultivation plate is moved to the indoor germination heap that 1-1.5m is high of stacking into, with the tight vernalization 48h of film wrapped, after neat bud, hard disk is moved on on preprepared seedling plate and neatly puts (not going up water), until rice shoot one leaf is poured water to seedling panel surface wholeheartedly time, during rice shoot 3.0-3.4 leaf, carry out the machine transplanting of rice.The machine transplanting of rice is cut off the water supply the previous day, plays seedling dish, with the hands grabs seedling dish two ends rice shoot, mentions and packs rice transplanter dress seedlings device into, do not present loose, do not squeeze, the machine transplanting of rice get seedling evenly, to arrange seedling smooth and easy.
Main technical points: (1) herbage stalk is the fresh stalk of perennial ryegrass, and stalk cuts into length≤10cm section, is neatly laid in seedling-cultivation plate bottom according to the amount of every dish 150-200g.Stalk too much can cause fermentation burning seedling phenomenon; (2) wormcast matrix configuration is: select large flat No. two earthworms to take food the earthworm excrement that cattle manure produces, after 20 orders sieve, evenly mix according to 1: 1 volume with the 20 orders land for growing field crops fine earth that sieves, have loose, ventilative, the high feature of available nutrient; (3) rice paddy seed need to, through being exposed to the sun 1-2 days, killing the surface of the seed germ, improve seed activity; Adopt 1% lime water seed soaking 48h, pick up with clear water and rinse well, drain and wait to sow; (4) during pipelining machine sowing, nutrient matrix sabot should >=2cm is thick ,≤2.5cm is thick; (5) shower water is as the criterion to spray not drip, and spray can not affect regularity and the speed of emerging thoroughly; (6) every dish seeding quantity is controlled at 120-150g, according to seed size and germinating capacity, determines; Sowing is wanted evenly, to guarantee the uniformity of growth; (7) blinding THICKNESS CONTROL is between 0.4-0.6cm; (8) the indoor vernalization of banking up, pile high with 1-1.5m Gao Weijia, too high can affect the growth of bottom plate seedling, too low cannot effectively intensification, reaches 25 ℃ of the bests with temperature in the shed; The germination time of banking up is controlled at 48h; (9) seedling dish moves into rice seedling bed and should be noted that fine day moves afternoon; Other weather are with time shift; (10) placing the seedling plate of seedling dish should be soft, moist, seedling plate surface is without ponding; (11) rice shoot one leaf wholeheartedly before, do not pour water in rice seedling bed; Rice shoot one leaf wholeheartedly after, pour water hard disk flooded in water, do not execute wean fertile.Moistening irrigation until the machine transplanting of rice before 1d cut off the water supply so that lifting and the machine transplanting of rice; (12) during with rice shoot 3.0-3.4 leaf age, carry out the machine transplanting of rice, keep field water layer 0-1.0cm after the machine transplanting of rice, rice shoot survival rate reaches 958% left and right.
Main method and the step implemented:
1, preparation wormcast nutrient matrix: get the large flat No. two earthworm earthworm excrement of feeding by cow manure, through 20 orders sieve with land for growing field crops 20 orders sieve fine earth according to 1: 1 volume mixture evenly as transplanting grow seedling nutritional matrix.
2,, by the rice paddy seed through being exposed to the sun, utilize 1% lime water seed soaking 48h.Sowing before noon, pick up, clear water rinses, drain and wait to broadcast.
3, utilize special machine rice transplanting plastics hard disk, specification is 58cm * 28cm * 2.5cm, and fresh herbage stalk, through the long section of cut into≤10cm, according to the consumption of every dish 150-200g, is evenly paved in hard disk bottom.
4, utilize transplanting sowing streamline to sow: dress wormcast matrix (2.0-2.5cm is thick) → shower water (irrigate and do not drip) → sowing (every dish 120-140g) → blinding (0.4-0.6cm is thick).
5, the hard disk of having sowed being moved on to indoor heap, to be set to 1-1.5m high, with the tight vernalization 48h that carries out of plastic film parcel, guarantees that temperature can rise to 25 ℃ of left and right.
6, the seedling-cultivation plate having germinateed is moved on to the growth of preprepared rice seedling bed, attention fine day should be transplanted in the afternoon.That seedling plate requires is soft, moist, ponding not.
7, rice shoot one leaf is poured water to seedling dish is flooded in water wholeheartedly time, continues to keep that seedling plate is moistening to machine, plants front 1d (3.0-3.4 leaf phase) and cuts off the water supply dry.
8, seedling pulling machine is inserted during rice shoot 3.0-3.4 leaf, after planting, keeps field 0-1.0cm water layer 2-3d.
Claims (5)
1. a new-type transplanting method of raising seedling, is characterized in that following steps:
(1) wormcast substrate preparation is to utilize large flat No. two earthworms to take food the earthworm excrement after cattle manure, and the processing of sieving evenly mixes according to 1: 1 ratio with the land for growing field crops fine earth that sieves;
(2) choose the fine earth that sieves as blinding;
(3) fresh herbage stalk is paved in seedling-cultivating tray bottom;
(4) fill matrix, shower water, broadcast rice paddy seed, blinding, complete sowing.
2. a kind of method of cultivating healthy and strong transplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that earthworm excrement in step (1), through the processing of sieving of 20 orders, evenly mixes according to 1: 1 ratio with the land for growing field crops 20 orders fine earth that sieves.
3. a kind of method of cultivating healthy and strong transplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (2), choosing land for growing field crops 20 orders sieves fine earth as blinding.
4. a kind of method of cultivating healthy and strong transplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (3), fresh herbage stalk is every dish 150-200g, and through cutting into length≤10cm.
5. a kind of method of cultivating healthy and strong transplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (4), rice paddy seed is soaked seed to showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally through the processing of basking seeds in advance, medicament.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660236A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 孙连城 | Rice seedling cultivating medium prepared from cow dung |
| CN108293558A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-07-20 | 深圳市真和丽生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of short sequence Machilus nanmu |
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| CN1316177A (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-10 | 张春平 | Method for quickly nurturing strong seedlings |
| CN101811903A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-25 | 扬州大学 | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701840A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 扬州大学 | Preparation method of paddy seedling raising medium |
| CN103749132A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 扬州大学 | Method of raising machine-transplanted seedlings |
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2014
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1316177A (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-10 | 张春平 | Method for quickly nurturing strong seedlings |
| CN101811903A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-25 | 扬州大学 | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701840A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 扬州大学 | Preparation method of paddy seedling raising medium |
| CN103749132A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 扬州大学 | Method of raising machine-transplanted seedlings |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660236A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 孙连城 | Rice seedling cultivating medium prepared from cow dung |
| CN108293558A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-07-20 | 深圳市真和丽生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of short sequence Machilus nanmu |
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