CN102826880A - Rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for rice machine - Google Patents
Rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for rice machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102826880A CN102826880A CN2012103608096A CN201210360809A CN102826880A CN 102826880 A CN102826880 A CN 102826880A CN 2012103608096 A CN2012103608096 A CN 2012103608096A CN 201210360809 A CN201210360809 A CN 201210360809A CN 102826880 A CN102826880 A CN 102826880A
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- rice
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- transplanting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for a rice machine. The rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-100 parts of crop processing residues or wastes and 0-80 parts of crop straw crushing particles. A preparation method of the rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate comprises the steps of: uniformly mixing the raw materials; adding water until the raw materials form a lump through pinching by hands and are scattered after falling on the ground; then stacking; covering by using an agricultural film for sheltering from rain and raising temperature; naturally fermenting for 10-20d; and accelerating full ripening of the substrate to obtain a product of the rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate. The rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for the rice machine, provided by the invention, has the advantages of low production cost and good rice seedling raising effect, and the raw materials are easily obtained in the South.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, specifically is a kind of rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance.
Background technology
China paddy rice is difficult to enlarge under the situation of guaranteeing the ultimate production steady growth again in cultivated area; Need to adopt breeding and technical measures to improve output; Wherein paddy rice to educate rice transplanting mechanize technology be one of agrotechnique of promoting of national Ministry of Agriculture emphasis, be the important channel of realizing the paddy rice modern production.Along with the big area of rice mechanical transplanting seedling technology is promoted, influence and restriction rice mechanical transplanting development problem also highlight day by day, and the one, machine transplanting of rice seedling link fetch earth difficulty and vegetation destruction.The development industrial sprout cultivation needs a large amount of bed soil, and (per hectare needs high-quality vegetable mould or dry land soil 4m3; Being equivalent to 100,000 mu of dry land topsoil table regoliths takes away); All will excavate the high-quality ground surface soil in a large amount of fields piece, mountain region every year, and havoc anthropic epipedon and vegetation influence the development of machine-transplanted rice.The 2nd, seedling quality is unstable, bed soil for raising seedlings nutrient contg and the inequality property of fostering and apply fertilizer, and strong seedling difficulty is big, is unfavorable for machine-transplanted rice stable high yield.
Rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance---rice and fuel river, Huaiyin matrix of big area popularization at present, main raw material has northeast peat composed of rotten mosses mud, vermiculite, perlite etc., need the other places to draw materials, and raw material variety is too many, complicated operation, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind ofly draws materials easily, simple to operate, and saving of labor's abridged edition, technology be the rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance reliably.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme:
Rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention, its preparation method is following:
Get following raw material by weight ratio: farm crop process residues or waste 20-100 part, agricultural crop straw are pulverized grain 0-80 part;
Preparation technology: above-mentioned raw materials is evenly stirred, add water to hand and pinch agglomeratingly, land promptly and to loose, stacking then covers with plastic sheeting for farm use and to hide rain, intensification, and spontaneous fermentation 10-20 days, impel the abundant slaking of matrix, promptly get product.
Said farm crop process residues or waste are one or both mixing in cassava skin and the sugarcane mud.
The particle diameter that said agricultural crop straw is pulverized grain is below the 5mm.
Rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, adopting southern local agricultural crop straw and farm crop process residues or waste is main raw material; Draw materials easily, production cost is low, helps improving the comprehensive utilization of stalk and the utilization ratio of waste; Reduce environmental pollution; The production of development green non-pollution rice accelerates to promote industrial sprout cultivation and mechanized planting technology, is applicable to southern localization seedling.
2, rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance steady quality of the present invention is reliable.This matrix is rich in nutrition can fully satisfy the rice seedling growth needs, and seedling growth is fast; Matrix does not need acid adjustment alkali, and pH value can remain on about 4-6.5; The matrix permeability is good, is beneficial to the rice shoot packing; The matrix binding property is good, and rice shoot rises and coils not frangible; Matrix unit weight is lighter, the light 1.5-2kg of every dish rice shoot when transplanting than earth seedling, and the carrying rice shoot is laborsaving, convenient transportation, the suitable machine transplanting of rice is separated seedlings or planting easily, and mechanical load is little, has improved machine transplanting of rice quality, promotes the rice planting machine development greatly.
3, employing seedling raising ground substance of the present invention institute seedling raising quality is high, strong stress resistance, simple and convenient management.3.1 of the average leaf ages of rice shoot (early rice 25 ages in days, late rice 18 ages in days), plant height 17.3cm, the thick 2.52mm of false stem; 15.8 of individual plant white roots, hundred strain fresh weights, 21.2 grams, hundred strain dry weights, 5.12 grams; Adult seedling rate 97.3% reaches that stem foot is wide, short strong, the well developed root system of rice shoot, strong seedling requirement that packing is good, and whole seedling process does not have weeds, disease-free generation; Shoot transplanting equipment seedling-slowing stage behind the land for growing field crops is short, only needs 1-3 days, turn green fast, tiller early, effective tillering is many; Use matrix need not add soil or fertilizer, the user only need sow, water and just can bring out healthy and strong rice shoot, and technical superiority is fairly obvious, can replace nutrition soil fully.
Embodiment
The main preparation raw material of rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention is farm crop process residues or waste, also can add agricultural crop straw and pulverize grain.Described farm crop process residues or waste are one or both mixing in cassava skin and the sugarcane mud.
Slabbing or bulk needed to utilize mechanical disintegration behind the natural air drying after said cassava skin dispatched from the factory, and promptly can be used as seedling raising ground substance and used.
After dispatching from the factory, directly uses in said sugarcane mud as seedling raising ground substance.Discovery has caking in use, caking is copied to mix its fluffy back is used.
Below in conjunction with embodiment rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Get 75 kilograms of 5 kilograms of Cassava stalk pulverizing grains (particle diameter is below the 5mm) and farm crop processing waste cassava skins, 20 kilograms in farm crop process residues sugarcane mud evenly stirs; Add water moderate (it is agglomerating to require hand to pinch, and lands and promptly looses), then stacking; Cover screening rain, intensification with plastic sheeting for farm use, spontaneous fermentation 10 days impels the abundant slaking of matrix; Promptly get product, the finished product particle diameter 1-5mm.
Embodiment 2
Get 10 kilograms of 20 kilograms of milled powders of cornstalk particles (particle diameter is below the 5mm) and farm crop processing waste cassava skins, 70 kilograms of sugarcane mud residues evenly stir; Add water moderate (it is agglomerating to require hand to pinch, and lands and promptly looses), then stacking; Cover screening rain, intensification with plastic sheeting for farm use; Spontaneous fermentation 15 days impels the abundant slaking of matrix promptly to get product, the finished product particle diameter 1-5mm.
Embodiment 3
Get the rice bar and pulverize 80 kilograms of grains (particle diameter is below the 5mm) and 20 kilograms in farm crop process residues sugarcane mud, evenly stirring, adding water, moderate (it is agglomerating to require hand to pinch; Land and promptly loose), stacking covers screening rain, intensification with plastic sheeting for farm use then; Spontaneous fermentation 20 days; Impel the abundant slaking of matrix, promptly get product, the finished product particle diameter 1-5mm.
Embodiment 4
Take from 100 kilograms of right air-dry farm crop processing waste cassava skins, utilize kibbler to pulverize after, adding water, moderate (it is agglomerating to require hand to pinch; Land and promptly loose), stacking covers screening rain, intensification with plastic sheeting for farm use then; Spontaneous fermentation 10 days; Impel the abundant slaking of matrix, promptly get product, the finished product particle diameter 1-3mm.
Embodiment 5
Get the rice bar and pulverize 40 kilograms of grains (particle diameter is below the 5mm) and take from 60 kilograms of right air-dry farm crop processing waste cassava skins, evenly stirring, adding water, moderate (it is agglomerating to require hand to pinch; Land and promptly loose), stacking covers screening rain, intensification with plastic sheeting for farm use then; Spontaneous fermentation 20 days; Impel the abundant slaking of matrix, promptly get product, the finished product particle diameter 1-5mm.
The method of use of rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention:
Use the method for raising seedling of machine rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of the present invention identical with conventional method of raising seedling, do not need technical training separately, operation is simple, and concrete seedling-cultivation technique working specification is:
1, seed treatment: mainly comprise seed selection, bask seeds, impurity elimination, seed soaking and vernalization program.Be placed under the sunshine airing 2-3 hour to the seed of selecting for use, remove clod and flat kind in the seed, seed is put in the clear water soaks then, make seed fully suction moisture, pick up and carry out vernalization after drying a little, noting during vernalization showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally gets final product, and bud can not be oversize.
2, prepare in the seedbed: the seedbed is chosen in that physical features is higher, ventilated, row irrigation farmland easily.High furrow are made in the seedbed, and the furrow face is smooth, and the furrow ditch is unobstructed.After the furrow face is smooth, cover the last layer plastic sheeting for farm use, penetrate bed soil, be convenient to control seedling excessive growth to prevent the rice shoot root system.
3, select the seedling dish.The seedling dish can be selected hard disk and floppy disk for use, generally adopts floppy disk from economic angle.Specification is generally: long 60cm * wide 30cm * high 3cm, base apertures is apart from 1cm * 1cm.
4, sowing: sowing can be adopted mechanize sowing and two kinds of methods of by artificial seeding.
1) mechanize sowing
Employing combined drill sowing can disposable completion horizontal transmission seedling dish, pipelinings such as spreading bed soil, brush level bed soil, water spray, sowing, earthing, scraping, after earthing, scraping, sprays primary water again, and overburden layer is drenched.Use combined drill sowing, shop, thickness of earth covering uniformity coefficient, planeness are better, and sowing evenly with kind practicing thrift, is emerged neatly, can effectively guarantee the seedling quality, meets agriculture requirement.Reduce labour intensity simultaneously, enhance productivity.
(2) by artificial seeding:
1. balance lay matrix: put the seedling dish and want that smooth closely can not there be the space centre, then the matrix dress is added to seedling tray and wipe off, thickness is wanted evenly, be about the seedling dish high 2/3, general thick 1.5cm-2cm, water spray irrigates the matrix of having completed then.
2. evenly sowing: take the method for repeatedly broadcasting sowing repeatedly on a small quantity, make every effort to sowing evenly, not broadcast leakage, replay are gently spread matrix again and are built seed after having sowed, the about 0.5cm of thickness, and lid sprays primary water after planting again, makes lid kind of layer drenched.
3. application rate: require to calculate application rate and density according to kind, general every dish sowing 100-150 gram bud kind.
5, secretly dissolve seedling: can cover with straw or sunshade net when temperature is high, but the covering and heat insulating film of preserving moisture when temperature is low promotes full stand.Sugarcane sun net or film will be apart from more than the card 5cm.
6, upright pin is taken off film: upright pin reaches 30%-50% and in time takes off film, notices preventing that high temperature from burning seedling, and additional clear water.
7, temperature treatment: being seeded into and emerging, is main with the short neat seedling of sealing heat and moisture preserving, and temperature is 28 ℃-30 ℃, and is suitably aeration-cooling as required when surpassing 30 ℃, can not be lower than 15 ℃ evening.Emerge reach 30 ﹪ up to a leaf wholeheartedly before, temperature is controlled at 23 ℃-26 ℃; One leaf is wholeheartedly to two leaf halfs, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-25 ℃; Two leaves half to three leaves are wholeheartedly the time, and temperature is controlled at 18 ℃-20 ℃; The refining seedling begins during two leaves to ventilate.Do not have the condition controlled temperature, the early rice seedling will be noted cold-proof heat insulation, and the late rice seedling will be noted aeration-cooling, prevent rice shoot excessive growth.
8, moisture management: should keep whole seedling stage matrix moistening, water content of substrate remains on 60%-70%.Before emerging, dry-out phenomenon appears in matrix, timely moisturizing, after emerging, suitably control moisture, causes the rice shoot root hampering but can not excessively control moisture, and also unsuitable moisture is too sufficient, is unfavorable for the rice shoot packing.
9, illumination management: before emerging, shading as far as possible after emerging, under the situation that does not influence temperature, lets rice shoot see light as far as possible.
10, the key measure of control rice shoot excessive growth is: low temperature, high light, appropriate moisture.
11, downgrade strong seedling: when excessive growth appears in rice shoot, spray with strong seedling dwarfing agent, concentration is pressed various strong seedling dwarfing agent operation instruction formulated for administered, sprays so that the blade face is drenched to be as the criterion.
12, play transplantation of seedlings: when the rice shoot well developed root system, can coil and form solid root felt, leaf age is 3 leaves, 1 pins, carries out the machine transplanting of rice during 17 centimetres of heights of seedling and transplants.Get Miao Shike and directly rice shoot is enclosed, transplant previous day without trickle.
Whole seedling raising process need not apply fertilizer and not need medication.
Claims (3)
1. the rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance is characterized in that, its preparation method is following:
Get following raw material by weight ratio: farm crop process residues or waste 20-100 part, agricultural crop straw are pulverized grain 0-80 part;
Preparation technology: above-mentioned raw materials is evenly stirred, add water to hand and pinch agglomeratingly, land promptly and to loose, stacking then covers with plastic sheeting for farm use and to hide rain, intensification, and spontaneous fermentation 10-20 days, impel the abundant slaking of matrix, promptly get product.
2. according to the said rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of claim 1, it is characterized in that said farm crop process residues or waste are one or both mixing in cassava skin and the sugarcane mud.
3. according to the said rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of claim 1, it is characterized in that the particle diameter that said agricultural crop straw is pulverized grain is below the 5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103608096A CN102826880A (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for rice machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103608096A CN102826880A (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for rice machine |
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| CN102826880A true CN102826880A (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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| CN2012103608096A Pending CN102826880A (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Rice transplanting and seedling raising substrate for rice machine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392569A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-20 | 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 | Forestry and agricultural residue mixed base material suitable for production of potting chrysalidocarpus lutescens |
| CN103804081A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-21 | 微港生物科技江苏有限公司 | Special fertilizer for rice and preparation thereof, and method for producing rice |
| CN105601382A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所 | Seedling raising substrate for mechanical transplanted rice and preparation method of seedling raising substrate |
| CN108781659A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of rice tissue-cultured seedling long distance transportation and method for transplanting |
| CN114051904A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-18 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Rice soilless seedling raising substrate based on agricultural wastes and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1408208A (en) * | 2001-09-18 | 2003-04-09 | 王健 | Method for raising rice seedlings on rice husk soilless organic substrate |
| CN1412157A (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2003-04-23 | 广东益万家食品有限公司 | Preparation of active biological organic fertilizer by utilizing bagasse and lime sludge |
| CN101507410A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | 王其传 | Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-09-25 CN CN2012103608096A patent/CN102826880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1408208A (en) * | 2001-09-18 | 2003-04-09 | 王健 | Method for raising rice seedlings on rice husk soilless organic substrate |
| CN1412157A (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2003-04-23 | 广东益万家食品有限公司 | Preparation of active biological organic fertilizer by utilizing bagasse and lime sludge |
| CN101507410A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | 王其传 | Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392569A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-20 | 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 | Forestry and agricultural residue mixed base material suitable for production of potting chrysalidocarpus lutescens |
| CN103392569B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2015-07-08 | 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 | Forestry and agricultural residue mixed base material suitable for production of potting chrysalidocarpus lutescens |
| CN103804081A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-21 | 微港生物科技江苏有限公司 | Special fertilizer for rice and preparation thereof, and method for producing rice |
| CN103804081B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2016-03-09 | 微港生物科技江苏有限公司 | Special fertilizer for paddy rice and preparation thereof and the method for the production of rice |
| CN105601382A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所 | Seedling raising substrate for mechanical transplanted rice and preparation method of seedling raising substrate |
| CN108781659A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of rice tissue-cultured seedling long distance transportation and method for transplanting |
| CN108781659B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2021-06-15 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Remote transportation and transplanting method for rice tissue culture seedlings |
| CN114051904A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-18 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Rice soilless seedling raising substrate based on agricultural wastes and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121219 |