CN104044266B - 树脂复合结构以及用于制造树脂复合结构的方法 - Google Patents

树脂复合结构以及用于制造树脂复合结构的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104044266B
CN104044266B CN201410082119.8A CN201410082119A CN104044266B CN 104044266 B CN104044266 B CN 104044266B CN 201410082119 A CN201410082119 A CN 201410082119A CN 104044266 B CN104044266 B CN 104044266B
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resin compounded
component
resin
linking part
compounded component
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CN104044266A (zh
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佐藤惠
佐藤惠一
山下大也
加藤洋
藤井俊彰
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/06Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/022Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • B29C65/305Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/221Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/223Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/341Measures for intermixing the material of the joint interlayer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524Joining profiled elements
    • B29C66/5241Joining profiled elements for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the profiled elements to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/543Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining more than two hollow-preforms to form said hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
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    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5064Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29C65/7832Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the overlap between the parts to be joined, e.g. the overlap between sheets, plates or web-like materials
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    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/225Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being castellated, e.g. in the form of a square wave or of a rectangular wave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73111Thermal expansion coefficient
    • B29C66/73112Thermal expansion coefficient of different thermal expansion coefficient, i.e. the thermal expansion coefficient of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thermal expansion coefficient of the other part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/18Longitudinally sectional layer of three or more sections
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract

本发明涉及树脂复合结构以及用于制造树脂复合结构的方法。在第一树脂复合构件(12)的一端上以及第二树脂复合构件(14)的一端上形成连结部以将端部结合在一起。例如,连结部可以是包含凹部(24)和凸部(26)的波状部(28a,28b)。在这种情况下,波状部最初被加热和软化。然后,在成型单元中,相应的面对的凸部(26,26)对彼此重叠,并且利用相应的面对的凹部(24,24)对形成非重叠空间(60)。重叠的凸部(26,26)被挤压和压碎,使得其中所含的基础热塑性树脂和纤维朝着非重叠空间(60)流动。此后,热塑性树脂被冷却和硬化,由此第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件被一体地结合以获得树脂复合结构(10)。

Description

树脂复合结构以及用于制造树脂复合结构的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过一体地结合包含不连续纤维的纤维增强的热塑性树脂复合构件来获得的树脂复合结构。本发明还涉及一种制造这样的树脂复合结构的方法。
背景技术
纤维增强的热塑性树脂复合物(在下文简称为树脂复合物)是包含用热塑性树脂浸渍的纤维(诸如玻璃纤维或碳纤维)的材料。近年来,这样的树脂复合物已经作为用于车体的部件(诸如地板或硬壳式结构部件)的材料被研究。
通常,车体部件具有大尺寸。因此,为了在一次成型过程中制造整个部件,而需要大型成型设备来在成型过程期间施加大负荷。这样的大型成型设备是昂贵的并且在成型过程期间消耗大量电力。因此,该类型的成型设备对于大规模制造在其高设备成本和高运行成本方面是不利的。
通过连接已单独制备的多个构件能获得大部件。然而,在这样的单独构件利用螺母和螺栓或铆钉(即,所谓的金属紧固件)以机械的方式连接的情况下,需要钻孔操作和紧固操作,从而导致高操作成本。此外,部件的重量也由于金属紧固件而增加。另外,在这种情况下,在增强纤维和金属紧固件之间的接触部处发生电解腐蚀。此外,可能必须响应于材料的不同的热膨胀系数而采取对策。
这些构件可以通过其他已知的过程(诸如热焊接、振动焊接、超声波焊接或激光焊接)来连接。然而,这样的过程不会产生足够的焊接强度。
在日本特开专利公报No.11-090986中提出的方法中,这些构件首先被加热并且被熔融,使得增强纤维部分地暴露在连接的表面上,并且此后,熔融的构件被挤压成型和焊接。日本特开专利公报No.11-090986描述了通过该焊接方法获得的连接具有优秀的外观并且显示出高焊接强度。
发明内容
如从日本特开专利公报No.11-090986的图1、图4和图5清楚的,必须在根据上述焊接方法连接的每个构件上形成台阶结构。因此,所形成的部件不能具有平坦形状。即使不需要部件具有平坦形状,但构件之间的连接也不可避免地具有大厚度并且因此重量增加。
此外,通过上述焊接方法获得的连接部的焊接强度不足够。
本发明的一般目的在于提供一种重量轻并且具有足够的结合强度和足够的刚度的树脂复合结构。
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种能在必要时具有平坦连接部的大的一体式树脂复合结构。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用于制造树脂复合结构的方法。
根据本发明的一方面,提供一种树脂复合结构,该树脂复合结构包括第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件,所述第一树脂复合构件和是第二树脂复合构件都包含不连续纤维。所述第一树脂复合构件和所述第二树脂复合构件彼此结合成一体,并且所述不连续纤维在形成于所述第一树脂复合构件和所述第二树脂复合构件之间的连接部中随机地取向。
由于深入的研究,本发明人已发现,在常规的树脂复合结构中,不连续纤维在树脂复合构件之间的连接部中随机地缠结。因此,只由树脂焊接获得的连接力作用于连接部上。
相反,在本发明的树脂复合结构中,不连续纤维在形成于第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件之间的连接部中随机地取向和缠结。因此,复合构件中的基础热塑性树脂被焊接和结合,并且不连续纤维被缠结,由此所形成的连接部显示出优秀的强度和刚度。
包含不连续纤维的附加的第三树脂复合构件可以一体地结合至第二树脂复合构件。将理解的是,不连续纤维在第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件之间的连接部中也随机地取向和缠结。因此,第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件之间的连接部也显示出优秀的强度和刚度。
连接部可以具有平坦的表面形状。将在下文描述使得能够形成平坦的表面连接部并且使得不连续纤维能够在连接部中随机地缠结的原因。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种用于通过结合两者都包含不连续纤维的第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件来制造树脂复合结构的方法。
所述方法包括:
重叠步骤,在该重叠步骤中,在所述第一树脂复合构件的端部和所述第二树脂复合构件的端部之间形成连结部和非重叠空间,所述非重叠空间是除了所述连结部以外的部分,所述第一树脂复合构件和所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部借助所述连结部连结;
结合步骤,在该结合步骤中,向所述连结部和所述第一树脂复合构件与所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部施加负荷,从而填充所述非重叠空间并且将所述连结部与这些端部一体地结合,从而制造具有连接部的所述树脂复合结构,其中所述不连续纤维在所述连接部中随机地取向,以及
在所述重叠步骤之前、在所述重叠步骤之后或者在所述结合步骤期间热软化至少所述连结部的加热步骤。
在本发明中,所述连结部与所述树脂复合构件重叠从而变得一体结合(形成相对材料),而除了所述连结部以外的部分不与所述相对材料重叠并且与该相对材料分开从而形成所述非重叠空间,之后,所述连结部和所述相对材料被挤压(经受负荷)。因为连结部在挤压过程之前或挤压过程期间被加热和软化,因此连结部中的热塑性树脂和不连续纤维在挤压过程期间流入非重叠空间中。之后,连结部和相对材料被冷却和硬化,由此连结部和相对材料被结合并且成一体。
不连续纤维由于在连接部中的上述流动而随机地取向,从而不连续纤维彼此随机地缠结。因此,构件中的基础热塑性树脂被焊接和结合并且不连续纤维变得缠结,由此树脂复合结构形成具有优秀强度和刚度的连接部。
连结部可以形成在第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件中的至少一者上。当然,连结部也可以形成在第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件两者上。在这种情况下,连结部可以彼此重叠。
可以将包含不连续纤维的至少一个附加的树脂复合构件用作连结部。在这种情况下,第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件可以彼此分离,并且附加的树脂复合构件(连结部)可以与第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件两者重叠,从而第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件由附加的树脂复合构件连结。
优选地,连结部中的重叠部分的面积与非重叠空间的面积之比为0.75至2。
当上述面积比至少为0.75但是小于1时,连结部能够显示出足够的强度和刚度,但比第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件薄。因此,连接部能够形成为凹陷部。另一方面,当上述面积比大于1但是至多为2时,连接部的强度和刚度能被进一步提高,并且连接部能形成为突起。
在如上所述连接部形成为凹陷部或突起的情况下,凹陷部或突起可以在设计形状中被利用。因此,连接部的凹陷部或突起可以被利用以获得具有包括凹陷部或突起的优秀外观的树脂复合产品。
当上述面积比(即,连结部中的重叠部分的面积与非重叠空间的面积之比)为1时,连结部中的重叠部分中的热塑性树脂和不连续纤维总体上被转移到非重叠空间中,从而连接部形成平坦表面。因此,连接部能形成为平坦表面部。
如上所述,通过适当地控制上述面积比,连接部能形成为凹陷部、平坦表面部或突起。
在树脂复合结构中,包含不连续纤维的附加的第三树脂复合构件可以一体地结合至第二树脂复合构件。
在这种情况下,所述方法还包括:
第二重叠步骤,在该第二重叠步骤中,在所述第二树脂复合构件的端部和包含不连续纤维的第三树脂复合构件的端部之间形成第二连结部和第二非重叠空间,所述第二非重叠空间是除了所述第二连结部以外的部分,所述第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件的这些端部由所述第二连结部连结;
第二结合步骤,在该第二结合步骤中,向所述第二连结部以及向所述第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件的这些端部施加负荷,从而填充所述第二非重叠空间并且将所述第二连结部与所述第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件的这些端部一体地结合,从而制造具有第二连接部的所述树脂复合结构,所述不连续纤维在所述第二连接部中随机地取向;以及
在所述第二重叠步骤之前、在所述第二重叠步骤之后或者在所述第二结合步骤期间热软化至少所述第二连结部的第二加热步骤。
一体地结合第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件的结合步骤与一体地结合第二树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件的第二结合步骤可以被同时执行。另外,形成连结部的步骤和形成第二连结部的步骤可以被同时执行。在这种情况下,能有效地制造所述树脂复合结构。
当然,可以分开地执行所述结合步骤和所述第二结合步骤例如以制造具有大尺寸的树脂复合结构。
从当结合附图考虑时的下列描述将更清楚本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点,其中本发明的优选实施方式通过示例性实例被示出。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的树脂复合结构的整体示意性立体图;
图2是沿着图1所示的箭头II-II剖取的树脂复合结构中的连接部的示意性水平剖视图;
图3的(A)至(C)是由具有波状部的第一树脂复合构件和具有波状部的第二树脂复合构件制造树脂复合结构的示例的示意性工艺流程图;
图4是用于加热波状部的加热设备的示意性分解立体图;
图5是在成型单元中彼此重叠的波状部的示意性侧视图;
图6是重叠部分的主要部分的放大俯视平面图;
图7是上模的示意性侧视图,该上模从图5所示的位置被降下;
图8的(A)和(B)是由不具有波状部的第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件制造树脂复合结构的示例的示意性工艺流程图;
图9的(A)至(C)是由具有另一波状部的第一树脂复合构件和具有另一波状部的第二树脂复合构件制造树脂复合结构的示例的示意性工艺流程图;
图10是根据本发明的第二实施方式的树脂复合结构的整体示意性立体图;
图11是第二树脂复合构件的被加热的波状部的示意性分解立体图,所述被加热的波状部与第一树脂复合构件和第三树脂复合构件的端部在用于制造图10的树脂复合结构的成型单元中重叠;
图12是第二树脂复合构件的波状部的示意性侧视图,该波状部与第一树脂复合构件的端部重叠;
图13是由包含附加的树脂复合构件的连结部连结(与连结部重叠)的第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件的示意性俯视平面图;以及
图14是由包含形状与图13所示的附加的树脂复合构件不同的附加的树脂复合构件的另一连结部连结(与该连结部重叠)的第一树脂复合构件和第二树脂复合构件的示意性俯视平面图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图详细地描述本发明的树脂复合结构以及制造方法的几个优选实施方式。
图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的树脂复合结构10的整体示意性立体图。树脂复合结构10具有包含第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14的大体上平板状的形状。第一树脂复合构件12的端部被结合至第二树脂复合构件14的端部并且与该第二树脂复合构件14的端部成一体,并且因此,树脂复合结构10具有连接部16。
第一树脂复合构件12由纤维增强的树脂材料构成。该纤维增强的树脂材料包含基础热塑性树脂以及在该热塑性树脂中随机地分散的不连续纤维(切短纤维)。第二树脂复合构件14由相同的材料构成。不连续纤维可以选自玻璃纤维和碳纤维,并且优选地为碳纤维,该碳纤维显示出优秀的耐热性、强度和刚度。
如将在下文描述的,连接部16通过将第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14的端部加热和挤压以及由此彼此一体地结合来形成。为了说明目的,第一树脂复合构件12的除了连接部16以外的部分在下文中将被称为“第一部分18”,并且第二树脂复合构件14的除了连接部16以外的部分在下文中将被称为“第二部分20”。
图2是沿着图1所示的箭头II-II剖取的剖视图,或者换言之,是连接部16的水平截面的示意图。如下文所述的,在这些树脂复合构件的端部被简单地加热和挤压的情况下,其中的不连续纤维不会变得在这些复合构件之间的所形成的连接部中彼此随机地缠结。相反,如图2所示,不连续纤维22在树脂复合结构10的连接部16中随机地取向。换言之,不连续纤维22在连接部16中彼此随机地缠结。在下文中将描述本发明的该特征的原因。
在本实施方式中,树脂复合结构10具有平坦表面。第一部分18、连接部16和第二部分20布置在单个平面中,使得在第一部分18和连接部16之间,或者在连接部16和第二部分20之间不形成可见的不平坦部分。
另外,在第一部分18和连接部16之间,或者在连接部16和第二部分20之间不形成清晰的边界。因此,树脂复合结构10具有所谓的无缝结构。顺便提及,在图1中,连接部16(即,其每个结合端)由虚线示出,从而使连接部16的位置清晰。
因此,尽管树脂复合结构10通过一体地结合两个树脂复合构件12、14来制造,但是在该树脂复合结构中未形成不平坦部分。因此,树脂复合结构10能用于具有期望的平坦表面外观的部件中。此外,能防止连接部16的厚度增加。
因为连接部16中的不连续纤维22彼此缠结(参见图2),因此连接部16显示出足够的结合强度和刚度。因此,能防止第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14变得与连接部16分开。
因此,第一实施方式的树脂复合结构10在外观、结合强度和刚度方面是优秀的。多个这样的树脂复合结构10、10能彼此一体地结合以便制造大部件。将理解的是,这样的部件在外观、结合强度和刚度方面也是优秀的。该部件能用于车体等。
第一实施方式的树脂复合结构10能以下列方式来制造。
最初,制备第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14。在该步骤期间,第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14均具有简单的平板状形状。
第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14的端部经受切割处理以便在其上形成包含凹部24和凸部26(连结部)的波状部28a、28b,如图3的(A)所示。波状部28a、28b具有相同的相位。在本实施方式中,凸部26均具有大体上等腰三角形的突起,该突起的顶角大体上为90度。因此,波状部28a、28b的轮廓是齿状的。
具有波状部28a、28b的端部被加热和挤压。加热步骤和挤压步骤可以同时或单独地执行。下面将详细地描述单独地执行的加热和挤压步骤。
例如,图4所示的加热设备30可以用于加热波状部28a、28b。下面将示意地描述该加热设备30。
加热设备30包括下支撑块32和上支撑块34。下支撑块32中具有两个插入孔36a、36b,这两个插入孔沿纵向方向延伸。电连接至未示出的控制电路的棒式加热器38a、38b被插入这些插入孔36a、36b中。
在下支撑块32的上表面上,沿横向方向大约在其中心处,长装配突起40朝着上支撑块34突出并且沿纵向方向延伸。因此,在下支撑块32的上表面上,在装配突起40的任一侧上形成有第一平坦表面42a和第二平坦表面42b。另外,在装配突起40的上表面上形成有多个螺栓止动孔44。
在上支撑块34上,在对应于装配突起40的位置中形成有装配凹槽46。装配突起40在上支撑块34堆叠在下支撑块32上时被装配到装配凹槽46中。
上支撑块34包括插入孔36c、36d,这些插入孔形成在插入孔36a、36b的竖直上方。棒式加热器38c、38d分别被插入这些插入孔36c、36d中。
在上支撑块34中形成多个螺栓通孔48,并且这些螺栓通孔48从上支撑块34的上表面延伸到装配凹槽46的顶棚表面。螺栓50被插入螺栓通孔48中并且被旋拧到螺栓止动孔44中。
波状部28a、28b以下列方式利用上述加热设备30被加热。
首先,将第一树脂复合构件12的波状部28a和第二树脂复合构件14的波状部28b分别放置在第一平坦表面42a和第二平坦表面42b上。
将上支撑块34堆叠在下支撑块32上,使得装配突起40装配到装配凹槽46中。将螺栓50插入螺栓通孔48中并且旋拧到螺栓止动孔44中,从而连接下支撑块32和上支撑块34。结果,将第一树脂复合构件12的端部(包括波状部28a)和第二树脂复合构件14的端部(包括波状部28b)夹设在下支撑块32和上支撑块34之间。此后,将棒式加热器38a至38d分别插入到插入孔36a至36d中。
当加热设备30处于前述状态时,借助控制电路向棒式加热器38a至38d施加电力。棒式加热器38a至38a被加热,并且因此夹设在下支撑块32和上支撑块34之间的第一树脂复合构件12的端部(波状部28a)和第二树脂复合构件14的端部(波状部28b)被加热。结果,包含波状部28a、28b的端部被软化。
将第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14输送到成型设备,诸如图5所示的成型单元52。
成型单元52包含下模54和上模56。下模54是静止模,而上模56能借助升降机构(未示出)更靠近和更远离下模54移动。大体上矩形的框架58被定位并且固定在下模54上。第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14被放置在框架58内,并且被加热的端部彼此重叠。顺便提及,被加热的端部(被加热部分)由图5中的阴影示出。
在该步骤期间,如图3的(B)所示,波状部28a、28b中的凸部26、26彼此重叠,从而在相互面对的每对凹部24、24之间形成非重叠空间60。
图6是非重叠空间60和其附近的区域的放大示意图。在这种情况下,非重叠空间60具有大体上菱形的形状。在第一实施方式中,凸部26、26重叠,从而非重叠空间60的面积S1等于凸部26、26的重叠部分的面积S2。因此,面积S1和S2满足条件S2/S1=1。
如图5所示,当第二树脂复合构件14的被加热部分堆叠在第一树脂复合构件12的被加热部分上时,第二树脂复合构件14的未加热部分与下模54接触。第二树脂复合构件14的被加热部分(端部)被软化,并且第二树脂复合构件14在被加热部分容易弯曲。
如图7所示,升降机构被致动以便降下上模56。重叠端部(被加热部分)对着彼此被挤压和压碎,从而变得彼此成一体并且形成连接部16。顺便提及,图7中阴影所示的线不代表横截面,而是以与图5相同的方式指示被加热部分。阴影线在通过挤压和压碎而混合(并且成一体)的端部中重叠。
在挤压和压碎过程中,重叠的凸部26中的基础材料(热塑性树脂)沿图6所示的箭头的方向流动。因此,非重叠空间60被填充有基础材料和不连续纤维22,由此消除了重叠的凸部26、26的平面差。因此,连接部16形成为平坦表面部。在第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14在该步骤期间膨胀的情况下,第一树脂复合构件12和第二树脂复合构件14的端部由框架58止动。
连接部16被冷却和硬化以便制造树脂复合结构10。如图1和图3的(C)所示,树脂复合结构10包含第一部分18(主要对应于第一树脂复合构件12的未被加热部分)、连接部16以及第二部分20(主要对应于第二树脂复合构件14的未被加热部分)。树脂复合结构10具有平坦表面。另外,在第一部分18、连接部16或第二部分20上未形成不平坦部分和清楚的边界。
当被加热部分彼此重叠并且对着彼此被挤压和压碎时,基础材料和不连续纤维22以上述方式流动(参见图6)。在连接部16中,由于这样的流动,不连续纤维22变得彼此随机地缠结。因此,连接部16显示出优秀的强度和刚度。
如图8的(A)和(B)所示,在形成第一树脂复合构件62和第二树脂复合构件64的情况下,第一树脂复合构件62和第二树脂复合构件64均具有平板状形状,而不具有波状部28a、28b,则当第一树脂复合构件62的端部和第二树脂复合构件64的端部被加热、重叠,并且对着彼此被挤压和压碎时,不连续纤维22不会变得在这些复合构件之间的连接部中随机地缠结。这可能是由于以下事实,即,在挤压重叠的端部的步骤期间,基础材料和不连续纤维22不会以前述方式流动。因此,与通过常规的树脂焊接获得的连接部相比,连接部不能显示出优良的强度和刚度。
如上所述,其中连接部16显示出足够的强度和刚度的树脂复合结构10能通过以下方式来制造:在端部处形成波状部28a、28b;接着重叠和一体地结合波状部28a、28b。
尽管根据第一实施方式波状部28a、28b具有齿状形状,但是波状部不限于此。例如,如图9的(A)至(C)所示,可以形成均具有正弦波形状的波状部28c、28d。此外,在这种情况下,非重叠空间60被填充并且不连续纤维22在连接部16中以与图3的(A)至(C)所示的相同的方式随机地取向。
尽管根据第一实施方式,波状部28a、28b、28c、28d被形成在每个端部上,但是波状部可以形成在待被重叠的端部中的至少一个端部上。经受结合的树脂复合构件的形状不限于如上所述的平板状形状,而是可以是三维形状。下面将描述利用这样的三维形状的第二实施方式。
图10是根据第二实施方式的树脂复合结构70的整体示意性立体图。如图10所示,树脂复合结构70的横截面是C形的,其具有面向下的开口。树脂复合结构70包含长的第一树脂复合构件72、短的第二树脂复合构件74以及长的第三树脂复合构件76,这些复合构件以这样的顺序沿纵向方向布置并一体地结合。在第一树脂复合构件72和第二树脂复合构件74之间,或者在第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76之间未形成不平坦部分和清楚的边界。此外,在本实施方式中,树脂复合结构70具有无缝平坦表面。顺便提及,在图10中,第二树脂复合构件74由虚线示出以便在结合之前清楚其位置。
在第二实施方式中,在第二树脂复合构件74的端部上形成波状部78a、78b,而第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76的端部均具有直线形状(参见图11)。波状部78a、78b被放置在直线端部上,然后被挤压和压碎以形成连接部。在下文中将描述该过程。
在第二实施方式中,与第一实施方式的情况类似,第一树脂复合构件72、第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76由纤维增强的树脂材料构成。纤维增强的树脂材料包含基础热塑性树脂和不连续纤维22(参见图2),并且不连续纤维22随机地分散在热塑性树脂中。不连续纤维22可以选自玻璃纤维和碳纤维,并且优选地为碳纤维。
此外,如图2所示,在树脂复合结构70的连接部中,不连续纤维22随机地取向并且因此彼此缠结。因此,在第二实施方式中,与第一实施方式中一样,连接部在强度方面是优秀的。
下面将描述制造树脂复合结构70的方法。
如图11所示,根据第二实施方式,第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76是长形构件,这些长形构件在结合之前的横截面是C形的。如上所述,在第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76上未形成波状部。
在加热步骤之前,第二树脂复合构件74具有大体平板状的形状,并且包含凹部80和凸部82的波状部78a、78b形成在第二树脂复合构件74的两端上。具有这样的形状的第二树脂复合构件74能通过切割平板的两端来制备,使得第二树脂复合构件比第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76短。
将第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76放置在成型设备(诸如图11所示的成型单元84)中。
下面将示意性地描述成型单元84。成型单元84包括下模86和上模88。下模86是静止模,而上模88能借助升降机构(未示出)更靠近和更远离下模86移动。下模86是具有基部89和支撑突起90的所谓的阳模。上模88是具有供引入支撑突起90中的插入凹陷部92的所谓的阴模。能独立于上模88被升起和降下的压模(未示出)布置在插入凹陷部92中。成型单元84还包含横截面为C形的止动件94a、94b。
第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76被放置在下模86的支撑突起90上。因此,支撑突起90由第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76覆盖。同时,包括波状部78a、78b的整个第二树脂复合构件74由加热炉等加热。因此,被加热的第二树脂复合构件74软化。因此,当软化的第二树脂复合构件74被放置在支撑突起90的上表面上使得波状部78a、78b与第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76的端部重叠时,第二树脂复合构件74的突出到上表面之外的部分沿着支撑突起90的竖直壁容易弯曲。图11中,弯曲的第二树脂复合构件74被示出为与第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76分开。
如图12所示,第二树脂复合构件74的波状部78a、78b中的凸部82与第一树脂复合构件72和第三树脂复合构件76的端部重叠,从而在第一树脂复合构件72的端部与波状部78a中的每个凹部80之间形成非重叠空间96。非重叠空间96的面积S3等于凸部82与第一树脂复合构件72的端部的重叠部分的面积S4。因此,面积S3和S4满足条件S4/S3=1。止动件94a、94b被放置在第一树脂复合构件72的上表面和第三树脂复合构件76的上表面上的期望位置中。
尽管图中未示出,但是非重叠空间96也形成在第三树脂复合构件76的端部和第二树脂复合构件74的波状部78b中的每个凹部80之间。非重叠空间96的面积等于波状部78b的凸部82与第三树脂复合构件76的端部的重叠部分的面积。
接下来,借助升降机构朝着下模86降下上模88(参见图11),使得支撑突起90被引入插入凹陷部92中。当上模88到达其最低位置时,布置在插入凹陷部92中的压模被降下以便挤压从波状部78a与第一树脂复合构件72的端部的重叠部分朝着波状部78b与第三树脂复合构件76的端部的重叠部分的区域。重叠部分以这样的方式被挤压和压碎。
在该步骤期间,堆叠在第一树脂复合构件72的端部上的凸部82沿图12所示的箭头的方向流动。因此,非重叠空间96被填充有基础材料和不连续纤维22,并且消除了与端部重叠的凸部82的水平差。因此,连接部形成为平坦表面部。在第二树脂复合构件74在该步骤期间膨胀的情况下,第二树脂复合构件74的端部由止动件94a、94b止动。将理解的是,堆叠在第三树脂复合构件76的端部上的凸部82也以相同的方式流动。
连接部被冷却和硬化以便制造树脂复合结构70。如图10所示,树脂复合结构70包含长的第一树脂复合构件72、短的第二树脂复合构件74和长的第三树脂复合构件76,这些复合构件以这样的顺序沿纵向方向布置并且一体地结合在一起。在第一树脂复合构件72和第二树脂复合构件74之间的连接部中,或者第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76之间的连接部中未形成不平坦部和清楚的边界。因此,树脂复合结构70具有平坦表面。
在第二实施方式中,与第一实施方式的情况类似,基础材料和不连续纤维22以上述方式在重叠部分中流动(参见图12)。因此,不连续纤维22在连接部中随机地取向,并且因此,不连续纤维22彼此缠结。因此,连接部显示出优秀的强度和刚度。
本发明不具体地局限于上面已描述的第一实施方式和第二实施方式。在没有脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以对实施方式进行各种改变和修改。
例如,尽管根据第一实施方式(参见图6),面积S1和S2满足S2/S1=1的条件,但是比S2/S1可以落在0.75≤S2/S1≤2的范围内。当比S2/S2至少为0.75但小于1时,连接部能显示出足够的强度,并且能比第一部分18和第二部分20薄。因此,连接部能形成为凹陷部。另一方面,当比S2/S1大于1但至多为2时,连接部的强度能被进一步提高,并且连接部能形成为突起。这样的凹陷部或突起可以在设计形状中被利用。
将理解的是,尽管根据第二实施方式(参见图12),面积S3和S4满足S4/S3=1的条件,但是比S4/S3可以位于0.75≤S4/S3≤2的范围内。
在第二实施方式中,同时执行一体地结合第一树脂复合构件72和第二树脂复合构件74的步骤,以及一体地结合第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76的步骤。例如,对于其中第一树脂复合构件72、第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76具有大尺寸并且因此难以执行将所有的连结部都放置在成型单元中的情况,一体地结合第二树脂复合构件74和第三树脂复合构件76的步骤可以在一体地结合第一树脂复合构件72和第二树脂复合构件74的步骤之后执行。换言之,如必要,则这些步骤可以被分别地执行。
波状部28a至28d、78a、78b可以在成型树脂复合构件12、14、74的过程期间形成。
在本发明中,波状部28a至28d、78a、78b不被具体限制,只要能形成与相对材料重叠的连结部和不与相对材料重叠的非重叠空间即可。
尽管根据第一和第二实施方式,具有凸部26、82的波状部28a至28d、78a、78b形成为树脂复合构件12、14、74上的连结部,但可以将附加的树脂复合构件98、100用作连结部,如图13和图14所示。
在图13所示的实施方式中,多个形状大体上为菱形的附加的树脂复合构件98堆叠在具有简单的平板状形状的第一树脂复合构件62和第二树脂复合构件64上。因此,第一树脂复合构件62和第二树脂复合构件64由树脂复合构件98连结,并且在第一树脂复合构件62和树脂复合构件98之间以及在树脂复合构件98和第二树脂复合构件64之间形成非重叠空间102。在这种情况下,相邻的树脂复合构件98、98的角部可以彼此重叠。
在图14所示的实施方式中,第一树脂复合构件62和第二树脂复合构件64由附加的树脂复合构件100连结,这些附加的树脂复合构件100的形状大体上为矩形的,并且在分离的树脂复合构件100、100之间形成非重叠空间104。
在图13和图14的实施方式中,与在第一和第二实施方式的情况一样,树脂复合构件98、100中的基础热塑性树脂和不连续纤维22经历运动,由此非重叠空间102、104被填充有基础热塑性树脂和不连续纤维22。因此,不连续纤维22在连接部中随机地取向。
虽然已经参照优选实施方式具体地示出和描述了本发明,但将理解的是,在没有脱离如由所附的权利要求限定的本发明的范围的情况下,本领域技术人员可以对本发明进行变化和修改。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于通过结合都包含不连续纤维的第一树脂复合构件(12)和第二树脂复合构件(14)来制造树脂复合结构(10)的方法,该方法包括:
重叠步骤,在该重叠步骤中,在所述第一树脂复合构件(12)的端部和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)的端部之间形成连结部(28a,28b)和非重叠空间(60),所述非重叠空间是除了所述连结部(28a,28b)以外的部分,所述连结部(28a,28b)是由所述第一树脂复合构件与所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部彼此重叠而成的;
结合步骤,在该结合步骤中,向所述连结部(28a,28b)和所述第一树脂复合构件与所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部施加负荷,从而填充所述非重叠空间(60)并且将所述连结部(28a,28b)与所述第一树脂复合构件和所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部一体地结合,从而制造具有连接部的所述树脂复合结构(10),其中所述不连续纤维在所述连接部中随机地取向;以及
在所述重叠步骤之前、在所述重叠步骤之后或者在所述结合步骤期间热软化至少所述连结部(28a,28b)的加热步骤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述连结部(28a,28b)形成在所述第一树脂复合构件(12)和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)中的至少一者上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,将包含不连续纤维的至少一个附加的树脂复合构件(100)用作所述连结部,并且所述连结部与彼此分离的所述第一树脂复合构件(12)和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)两者都重叠,从而所述第一树脂复合构件(12)和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)由所述连结部连结。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述连结部(28a,28b)中的重叠部分的面积与所述非重叠空间(60)的面积之比为0.75至2。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,所述连结部(28a,28b)中的所述重叠部分的面积与所述非重叠空间(60)的面积之比为1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,该方法还包括:
第二重叠步骤,在该第二重叠步骤中,在所述第二树脂复合构件(14)的端部和包含不连续纤维的第三树脂复合构件(76)的端部之间形成第二连结部(78a,78b)和第二非重叠空间(96),所述第二非重叠空间是除了所述第二连结部(78a,78b)以外的部分,所述第二树脂复合构件与所述第三树脂复合构件的这些端部由所述第二连结部(78a、78b)连结;
第二结合步骤,在该第二结合步骤中,向所述第二连结部(78a,78b)以及向所述第二树脂复合构件(14)和所述第三树脂复合构件(76)的这些端部施加负荷,从而填充所述第二非重叠空间(96)并且将所述第二连结部(78a,78b)与所述第二树脂复合构件(14)和所述第三树脂复合构件(76)的这些端部一体地结合,从而制造具有第二连接部的所述树脂复合结构(70),其中所述不连续纤维在所述第二连接部中随机地取向;以及
在所述第二重叠步骤之前、在所述第二重叠步骤之后或者在所述第二结合步骤期间热软化至少所述第二连结部(78a,78b)的第二加热步骤。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,所述结合步骤和所述第二结合步骤被同时执行。
8.一种树脂复合结构(10),该树脂复合结构包括都包含不连续纤维的第一树脂复合构件(12)和第二树脂复合构件(14),其中,
在所述第一树脂复合构件(12)的端部和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)的端部之间形成连结部(28a,28b)和非重叠空间(60),所述非重叠空间是除了所述连结部(28a,28b)以外的部分,所述连结部(28a,28b)是由所述第一树脂复合构件与所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部彼此重叠而成的,
向所述连结部(28a,28b)和所述第一树脂复合构件与所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部施加负荷,从而填充所述非重叠空间(60)并且将所述连结部(28a,28b)与所述第一树脂复合构件和所述第二树脂复合构件的这些端部一体地结合,并且所述不连续纤维在所述第一树脂复合构件(12)和所述第二树脂复合构件(14)之间的连接部中随机地取向。
9.根据权利要求8所述的树脂复合结构(10),该树脂复合结构还包括包含不连续纤维的第三树脂复合构件(76),其中所述第三树脂复合构件(76)一体地结合至所述第二树脂复合构件(14),并且所述不连续纤维在所述第二树脂复合构件(14)和所述第三树脂复合构件(76)之间的连接部中随机地取向。
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