CN104039561A - 用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体(20)的方法,该蓄电池单池壳体具有涂覆了绝缘漆(70)的金属的基体(26)。本发明所述方法的特征在于,(i)至少在蓄电池单池壳体(20)的待打标签的区域(22)内将含有激光添加剂(72)的绝缘漆(70)涂覆到基体(26)上,该激光添加剂在激光照射时在所照射的区域内引起颜色变化;以及(ii)在蓄电池单池壳体(20)的待打标签的区域(22)通过对绝缘漆(70)的局部的激光照射进行打标签。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体的方法、根据该方法获得的蓄电池单池壳体以及具有这种壳体的蓄电池单池。
背景技术
在至少部分地电驱动的车辆中使用电的能量存储器,以用于存储用于电机的电的能量,该电机支持驱动装置或者作为驱动装置使用。在新一代的车辆中使用所谓的锂离子蓄电池。锂离子蓄电池通过高的能量密度和尤其小的自放电脱颖而出。锂离子蓄电池单池具有至少一个正电极和至少一个负电极(阴极或者阳极),、锂离子(Li+)能够以可逆的方式嵌入或者重新脱嵌。
图1示出了如何能够将单个的蓄电池单池10组合成蓄电池模块12并且继续组合成蓄电池14,其通过电极的未示出的并联或者串联电路来实现。在此,蓄电池模块12或者蓄电池14通过定义由至少两个蓄电池单池10构成。
图2示出了锂离子蓄电池单池的不同壳体和封装类型,这里以圆柱体的硬壳蓄电池40、所谓的软包蓄电池50和棱柱形的硬壳蓄电池60为例。具有硬壳壳体的两种实施方式在此分别具有金属的基体,为了绝缘的目的,该金属的基体被由不导电的材料制成的薄膜、漆等覆盖。当多个锂离子蓄电池单池组合为高压蓄电池时,用于该多个锂离子蓄电池单池的其上存在电势的纯金属的蓄电池单池壳体必须对外绝缘。为了多个单池的电的绝缘尤其使用特殊的绝缘漆。
此外还需要对蓄电池单池、尤其是锂离子蓄电池单池进行明确标识,以用于监控和跟踪。根据现有技术,使用机器可读的代码进行监控和跟踪,其利用自粘标签、打印机(例如通过直接打印、丝网印刷、移印)或者激光打标打标签机被打在单池壳体上。在通过自粘标签的构件标识的情况下,尤其在经常遭受温度变化的组件中,存在剥离的危险。所打印的代码通过机械作用(划痕)能够被损坏并且因此不再能够被读出。通过激光打标打标签的通常的标识基于在金属的工件(退火颜色)的情况下或者在近表面材料的损坏下的颜色变化,通过其会引起侵入。对于功能层而言,如蓄电池单池壳体上的所谓的绝缘层,不允许有此类侵入,因为这代表在绝缘系统处损坏并且因此代表潜在危险。
JP 2009092720A描述了一种用于蓄电池单池壳体的自粘标签,其借助于激光打标签是可加工的。自粘标签具有复杂的一系列功能层,包括一个胶层、两个着色层以及一个透明材料层。
发明内容
利用依据本发明的用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体的方法消除或者至少减轻现有技术的一个或多个问题。例如圆柱体的硬壳单池或者棱柱形的硬壳单池的蓄电池单池壳体具有金属的基体。蓄电池单池壳体的金属的基体涂有绝缘漆。依据本发明的方法的特征在于,
(i)至少在蓄电池单池壳体的待打标签的区域内将含有激光添加剂的绝缘漆涂覆到基体上,该激光添加剂在激光照射时在所照射的区域中引起颜色变化;以及
(ii)在蓄电池单池壳体的待打标签的区域中通过对绝缘漆的局部的激光照射进行打标签。
本发明基于这样的认识,如果在涂覆到金属的基体上的绝缘漆中直接打上标记,就能够不必使用自粘标签等。但是激光打标签的方法在此不允许影响绝缘层的功能性。因此依据本发明,提出了至少在应当进行打标签的区域中给绝缘漆掺入一种添加剂,该添加剂在激光照射时在所照射的区域中引起颜色变化。能够直接由激光添加剂的颜色的变化导致这种颜色变化。因此提供一种给电绝缘的产品设置私有的和明确的信息(代码、图标等)的鲁棒的可能性。此外,该打标签方法还适合于量产,并且成本低廉,因为材料用量与使用自粘标签相比更少。能够实现设置在绝缘漆之中的蓄电池单池壳体的标识,而不会削弱绝缘系统的功能性。
合成材料的激光标识在最近几年得到发展,以用于施加对于打标签对象尤其私有的并包含序列号或类似内容的标记。通常使用脉冲激光设备实施较高质量的标记,其中,例如借助于可旋转的反射镜使得聚焦的激光束在合成材料表面上移动。
分别根据合成材料和配方,能够以不同的方式施加标记:雕刻、烧蚀、起泡和颜色转变。在通过雕刻或者烧蚀来标记的情况下会出现材料损坏并且其会产生能够威胁绝缘层的功能的侵入。绝缘漆起泡同样能够导致功能受到不利影响。因此依据本发明所述,选用颜色转变途径来实现高反差的标记。
为了支持并且促进合成材料的颜色转变,已开发出不同的激光添加剂。这些添加剂吸收激光,并且将其转变为能引起合成材料碳化的热量。但是激光照射也能够使得激光添加剂本身发生颜色变化。本发明优先选用后一种变型,因为合成材料碳化能够引起电导率的不期望的局部的升高。换句话说,按照这种方法变型避免激光照射引起的绝缘漆的碳化并且仅仅引起激光添加剂的颜色转变。
此外优选地,添加一种不导电的激光添加剂作为激光添加剂。以这种方式保证不会在打标签的区域内减弱绝缘漆的绝缘特性。
EP 0 198 771描述了使用锑金属或氧化物作为激光添加剂。DE195 22 397指出使用涂有金属氧化物的云母(层状硅酸盐)作为激光添加剂。US 6 693 657描述了基于锡锑混合氧化物的激光添加剂。WO2006/42714描述了使用基于铁、铜、锡和/或锑的不同的含磷的混合氧化物的添加剂使得合成材料色泽变暗。
如果希望通过合成材料中的碳化产生颜色转变,并且仅仅让合成材料适度碳化或者甚至不碳化,则能够将激光添加剂与一种易于碳化的材料相结合,例如在EP 0 991 523中提出的那样。
优选地,绝缘漆基于一种合成材料,该合成材料从包括环氧树脂和/或酚醛树脂、聚丙烯酸酯和/或改性聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、有机硅、含有无机填料的有机漆的组中选择。
本发明的另一方面在于提供一种按照上述方法生产的打标签的蓄电池单池壳体。蓄电池壳体的绝缘漆具有已加入激光添加剂的区域。通过激光照射激光添加剂在打标签的区域内形成颜色变化。
此外还提供一种具有金属的基体的未打标签蓄电池单池壳体,该金属的基体涂有绝缘漆,该绝缘漆至少在蓄电池单池壳体的待打标签的区域内含有一种激光添加剂,该激光添加剂在相应的照射的情况下在所照射的区域内引起颜色变化。换句话说,本发明的另一方面在于提供一种不打标签的蓄电池单池壳体,就是按照依据本发明的方法的步骤(i)产生的中间产品。
最后,本发明的另一方面涉及一种具有依据本发明的打标签的蓄电池单池壳体的蓄电池单池,尤其是锂离子蓄电池单池。
本发明的有利的改进在从属权利要求中给出并且能够从说明书中提取。
附图说明
根据附图及下述的说明进一步解释本发明的实施例,其中:
图1示出了蓄电池单池、模块和蓄电池;
图2示出了锂离子单池的不同的壳体和封装类型;
图3示出了依据本发明的激光打标签方法的示意图;以及
图4示出了依据本发明的绝缘层在照射期间的示意性剖面图。
具体实施方式
已经根据附图1和2解释了现有技术。
附图3示意性地示出了依据本发明的用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体20的方法。激光束32通过激光源30借助于两个可移动的反射镜33和34以及透镜36指向蓄电池单池壳体20的待打标签的区域22。为了清楚这里以虚线标出待打标签的区域22。通过在区域22中进行局部照射的方式生成标签24,这里显示为条形码。
蓄电池单池壳体20具有涂覆了绝缘漆70的金属的基体26。
附图4示出了基体26和绝缘漆70的区域、亦即待打标签的区域22中的示意性的剖面图。金属的基体26能够例如由铝或者耐腐蚀的不锈钢构成。能够使用例如环氧树脂和/或酚醛树脂、聚丙烯酸酯和/或改性聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、有机硅、含有无机填料的有机漆作为绝缘漆70。
将激光添加剂72分散在绝缘漆70之中。每种激光添加剂72由不导电的材料构成并且在遇到激光束32时改变其颜色。最终通过激光添加剂72的颜色变化生成标签24。例如二氧化钛的金属氧化物适合作为激光添加剂。
利用不同的激光添加剂构建层状系统以及通过适当地选择曝光实现多色的效果是可想象的。同样能够实现3D效果。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于生产打标签的蓄电池单池壳体(20)的方法,所述蓄电池单池壳体具有涂覆了绝缘漆(70)的金属的基体(26),其特征在于,
(i)至少在所述蓄电池单池壳体(20)的待打标签的区域(22)内将含有激光添加剂(72)的绝缘漆(70)涂覆到所述基体(26)上,所述激光添加剂在激光照射时在所照射的区域中引起颜色变化;以及
(ii)在所述蓄电池单池壳体(20)的所述待打标签的区域(22)中通过对所述绝缘漆(70)的局部的激光照射进行打标签。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,添加不导电的激光添加剂(72)作为激光添加剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述激光添加剂(72)在受到照射时变换其颜色。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述绝缘漆(70)基于一种合成材料,所述合成材料从包括环氧树脂和/或酚醛树脂、聚丙烯酸酯和/或改性聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、有机硅、含有无机填料的有机漆的组中加以选择。
5.一种打标签的蓄电池单池壳体(20),其根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法来生产。
6.一种蓄电池单池,其具有根据权利要求5所述的打标签的蓄电池单池壳体(20)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的蓄电池单池,其中,所述蓄电池单池是锂离子蓄电池单池。
8.一种未打标签的蓄电池单池壳体,其根据权利要求1所述的方法的步骤(i)来生产。
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