EP1870907B1 - Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production - Google Patents

Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1870907B1
EP1870907B1 EP06446001A EP06446001A EP1870907B1 EP 1870907 B1 EP1870907 B1 EP 1870907B1 EP 06446001 A EP06446001 A EP 06446001A EP 06446001 A EP06446001 A EP 06446001A EP 1870907 B1 EP1870907 B1 EP 1870907B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
aluminium
pores
conductor
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06446001A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1870907A1 (en
Inventor
Nick Warren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP06446001A priority Critical patent/EP1870907B1/en
Priority to AT06446001T priority patent/ATE455352T1/en
Priority to DE602006011726T priority patent/DE602006011726D1/en
Publication of EP1870907A1 publication Critical patent/EP1870907A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1870907B1 publication Critical patent/EP1870907B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of providing an electric conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer with a magnetic outer layer.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer, provided with a magnetic outer layer.
  • the conductor may be made of solid aluminium or by any other metal provided with an outer layer of aluminium or an aluminium alloy. Such an outer layer of aluminium may or may not be electrically in contact with the conductor.
  • the conductor is a conductor for intermediate and high voltage applications, wherein intermediate voltage is referred to as from about 1 kV up to about 40 kV, and high voltage is referred to as from about 40 kV up to about 150 kV.
  • the conductor is an air-cooled overhead transmission wire.
  • other conductors are not excluded from the scope of the invention.
  • an aluminium conductor may be used in a wire or cable for power transmission.
  • a layer of aluminium may be applied to enclose a conductor core made of a material other than aluminium.
  • a shield made of a ferromagnetic material may be provided around the periphery of said wire or cable in order to screen off the electric field generated by the wire or cable upon transmission of current through the latter.
  • the shield may be comprised by a solid layer of such a ferromagnetic material or by any kind of wiring of such a material.
  • the layer or winding may be applied directly onto the outer surface of the aluminium conductor or onto an intermediate layer of any other material, such as a polymer layer.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an alternative method of providing an aluminium conductor or a conductor enclosed in an aluminium layer with a shield of a magnetic material for the purpose of screening off an electric field generated by said conductor upon operation thereof.
  • Said method should provide a cost effective alternative to contemporary methods of prior art. It should also promote the generation of a shield that adheres well to the aluminium conductor.
  • the object of the invention is also to present an aluminium conductor provided with an outer shield of a magnetic material, by which the shield adheres well to the aluminium conductor, and may be produced cost effectively in comparison to corresponding contemporary aluminium conductors of prior art.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the method initially defined, characterised in that it includes the steps of: anodising the outer surface of said conductor or enclosing layer, thereby generating a porous outer alumina layer, and filling at least a part of said pores with magnetic particles.
  • the electrolyte in which the anodising takes place may be an oxalic, sulphuric or phosphoric solution.
  • hexagonally ordered pore arrays may be obtained under a constant anodic potential in phosphoric acid.
  • Porous anodic alumina films may, for example, be generated in nitric acid electrolytes.
  • the pores are regular and uniform, with a diameter of tens of a nm up to approximately 50 nm. They may have an inter-pore distance of approximately 100-400 nm.
  • the filling of the pores may be conducted by means of an electrochemical process in which the alumina layer is submersed in a bath containing said magnetic particles.
  • the process may be an anodic process.
  • Fe iron
  • FeSO 4 NH 4 )SO 4 .6H 2 O (0,20 mol/l) and H 3 BO 4 (0,48 mol/l) at 20 °C with constant voltage of 10 V
  • the filling of the pores is followed by a sealing thereof, preferably in a subsequent electrochemical process in which a sealing material is deposited onto the alumina layer.
  • a sealing material is deposited onto the alumina layer.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by means of the conductor initially defined, characterised in that said magnetic layer comprises a porous alumina layer, the pores of which are at least partly filled with a magnetic material.
  • the porous alumina layer is built on the conductor itself.
  • the conductor is based on a material other than aluminium and enclosed in an aluminium layer, the porous alumina layer should be built on said enclosing aluminium layer.
  • the aluminium layer may or may not be part of the conductor. For example, it may be separated from the conductor any electrically insulating layer, e.g. a polymer layer.
  • the magnetic layer may, but need not, be the outmost layer of a wire or cable to which the conductor belongs.
  • said pores are sealed towards the surrounding environment by a material other than said magnetic material.
  • the sealing of the pores is obtained through a further anodising of the alumina layer, by which the anodising conditions are chosen such that a barrier layer of alumina is produced on top of the porous layer filled with magnetic material.
  • the anodising of the conductor, as well as the deposition of the magnetic material and the subsequent sealing of the pores may be a batch process or a continuous process.
  • a conductor made of an aluminium alloy is subjected to an anodising process in a nitric acid electrolyte by which a layer of porous alumina is generated on the surface of the conductor.
  • a hexagonal porous structure is obtained. The pores are open.
  • a constant voltage of 10 V is applied in order to achieve a deposition of Fe into the pores of the alumina layer.
  • the electro-deposition of Fe is ended.
  • the alumina layer is sealed through a further anodising process, in which the process parameters have been changed in order to promote the generation of a barrier layer of alumina on top of the already generated, porous layer.

Abstract

A method of providing an electric conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer with a magnetic outer surface. The method of the invention includes the steps of: anodising the outer surface of said conductor or enclosing aluminium layer, thereby generating a porous outer alumina layer, and filling at least a part of said pores with magnetic particles.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a method of providing an electric conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer with a magnetic outer layer. The invention also relates to a corresponding conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer, provided with a magnetic outer layer.
  • The conductor may be made of solid aluminium or by any other metal provided with an outer layer of aluminium or an aluminium alloy. Such an outer layer of aluminium may or may not be electrically in contact with the conductor.
  • Typically the conductor is a conductor for intermediate and high voltage applications, wherein intermediate voltage is referred to as from about 1 kV up to about 40 kV, and high voltage is referred to as from about 40 kV up to about 150 kV.
  • Preferably, the conductor is an air-cooled overhead transmission wire. However, other conductors are not excluded from the scope of the invention.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • As is well known, an aluminium conductor may be used in a wire or cable for power transmission. Alternatively, a layer of aluminium may be applied to enclose a conductor core made of a material other than aluminium. A shield made of a ferromagnetic material may be provided around the periphery of said wire or cable in order to screen off the electric field generated by the wire or cable upon transmission of current through the latter. According to prior art, the shield may be comprised by a solid layer of such a ferromagnetic material or by any kind of wiring of such a material. The layer or winding may be applied directly onto the outer surface of the aluminium conductor or onto an intermediate layer of any other material, such as a polymer layer.
    • THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
  • The object of the invention is to provide an alternative method of providing an aluminium conductor or a conductor enclosed in an aluminium layer with a shield of a magnetic material for the purpose of screening off an electric field generated by said conductor upon operation thereof. Said method should provide a cost effective alternative to contemporary methods of prior art. It should also promote the generation of a shield that adheres well to the aluminium conductor.
  • The object of the invention is also to present an aluminium conductor provided with an outer shield of a magnetic material, by which the shield adheres well to the aluminium conductor, and may be produced cost effectively in comparison to corresponding contemporary aluminium conductors of prior art.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The object of the invention is achieved by the method initially defined, characterised in that it includes the steps of: anodising the outer surface of said conductor or enclosing layer, thereby generating a porous outer alumina layer, and filling at least a part of said pores with magnetic particles. The electrolyte in which the anodising takes place may be an oxalic, sulphuric or phosphoric solution. For example, hexagonally ordered pore arrays may be obtained under a constant anodic potential in phosphoric acid.
  • "Particles" is referred to as any kind of particles, including nano-particles. Anodising parameters such as current density, voltage, temperature, time, pH, etc, may be adjusted in order to provide the alumina layer with pores of suitable size, size distribution with regard to the size, size distribution and requested concentration of the magnetic particles. Magnetic properties of the magnetic anodic film can be controlled by changing morphology of the pores in the anodic film. Porous anodic alumina films may, for example, be generated in nitric acid electrolytes. Preferably, the pores are regular and uniform, with a diameter of tens of a nm up to approximately 50 nm. They may have an inter-pore distance of approximately 100-400 nm.
  • The filling of the pores may be conducted by means of an electrochemical process in which the alumina layer is submersed in a bath containing said magnetic particles. The process may be an anodic process. For example, Fe (iron) may be electrodeposited into the pores of an anodic film using a mixed solution (pH=3.8) of FeSO4(NH4)SO4.6H2O (0,20 mol/l) and H3BO4 (0,48 mol/l) at 20 °C with constant voltage of 10 V, and Co may be electrodeposited into the pores using a mixed solution (pH=4.5) of CoSO4.7H2O (0.10 mol/l) and H3BO4 (0.48 mol/l).
  • According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filling of the pores is followed by a sealing thereof, preferably in a subsequent electrochemical process in which a sealing material is deposited onto the alumina layer. By sealing the pores, the magnetic particles are entrapped and, thereby, less sensitive to outer affection and less prone to leak out of the pores.
  • The object of the invention is also achieved by means of the conductor initially defined, characterised in that said magnetic layer comprises a porous alumina layer, the pores of which are at least partly filled with a magnetic material. Preferably, if the conductor is made of, or based on, aluminium, the porous alumina layer is built on the conductor itself. If, on the other hand, the conductor is based on a material other than aluminium and enclosed in an aluminium layer, the porous alumina layer should be built on said enclosing aluminium layer. The aluminium layer may or may not be part of the conductor. For example, it may be separated from the conductor any electrically insulating layer, e.g. a polymer layer. The magnetic layer may, but need not, be the outmost layer of a wire or cable to which the conductor belongs.
  • According to a preferred embodiment, said pores are sealed towards the surrounding environment by a material other than said magnetic material. Possibly, the sealing of the pores is obtained through a further anodising of the alumina layer, by which the anodising conditions are chosen such that a barrier layer of alumina is produced on top of the porous layer filled with magnetic material.
  • The anodising of the conductor, as well as the deposition of the magnetic material and the subsequent sealing of the pores may be a batch process or a continuous process.
    • EXAMPLE
  • According to one embodiment of the invention, a conductor made of an aluminium alloy is subjected to an anodising process in a nitric acid electrolyte by which a layer of porous alumina is generated on the surface of the conductor. A hexagonal porous structure is obtained. The pores are open.
  • Subsequently, the conductor is placed in a bath containing a mixed solution (pH=3.8) of FeSO4(NH4)SO4.6H2O (0,20 mol/l) and H3BO4 (0,48 mol/l) with a temperature of 20 °C. A constant voltage of 10 V is applied in order to achieve a deposition of Fe into the pores of the alumina layer. After a time sufficient for the filling of the pores with the magnetic material, the electro-deposition of Fe is ended.
  • Finally, the alumina layer is sealed through a further anodising process, in which the process parameters have been changed in order to promote the generation of a barrier layer of alumina on top of the already generated, porous layer.

Claims (8)

  1. A method of providing an electric conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer with a magnetic outer surface, characterised in that it includes the steps of:
    anodising the outer surface of said conductor or aluminium layer, thereby generating a porous outer alumina layer, and
    filling at least a part of said pores with magnetic particles.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that, subsequently to the filling of the pores, the at least partly filled pores are sealed.
  3. A method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterised in that said magnetic particles comprise nano-particles.
  4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the filling of the pores comprises the steps submersing the alumina layer in a bath containing said magnetic particles, and subjecting the alumina layer to an electrochemical process in said bath.
  5. A method according to claim 4, characterised in that said electrochemical process is an anodic process.
  6. A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that said magnetic particles comprises a ferromagnetic material that is electrodeposited into the pores of the alumina layer.
  7. A conductor made of aluminium or enclosed by an aluminium layer, and provided with a magnetic outer layer, characterised in that said magnetic outer layer comprises a porous alumina layer, the pores of which are at least partly filled with a magnetic material.
  8. A conductor according to claim 7, characterised in that it is an air-cooled overhead transmission wire.
EP06446001A 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production Not-in-force EP1870907B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06446001A EP1870907B1 (en) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production
AT06446001T ATE455352T1 (en) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 ALUMINUM ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR HAVING A MAGNETIC SURFACE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT
DE602006011726T DE602006011726D1 (en) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Aluminum electrical conductor with a magnetic surface and method of making same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06446001A EP1870907B1 (en) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1870907A1 EP1870907A1 (en) 2007-12-26
EP1870907B1 true EP1870907B1 (en) 2010-01-13

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EP06446001A Not-in-force EP1870907B1 (en) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Electric conductor made of aluminium with a magnetic outer surface and method for its production

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EP (1) EP1870907B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE455352T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602006011726D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103236311B (en) * 2013-04-15 2015-07-15 国家电网公司 Nano functional anti-icing conductor
CN103247379B (en) * 2013-04-15 2015-07-15 国家电网公司 Anti-icing nano functional wire
US10559536B2 (en) 2018-06-26 2020-02-11 Abb Schweiz Ag Multi-layer conductors for noise reduction in power electronics
CN113430615B (en) * 2021-06-09 2022-02-15 华南理工大学 Anodic aluminum oxide film and preparation method and application thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5091609A (en) * 1989-02-14 1992-02-25 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Insulated wire
DE29708105U1 (en) * 1997-05-05 1997-10-09 Brecht Thomas Magnetic particle shielding system against electromagnetic waves that cause interference in signal cables
JP3754876B2 (en) * 2000-07-03 2006-03-15 キヤノン株式会社 Method for producing structure having pores and structure having pores

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE455352T1 (en) 2010-01-15
DE602006011726D1 (en) 2010-03-04
EP1870907A1 (en) 2007-12-26

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