CN104030851A - Lentinula edodes culture medium in which shaddock peel is added - Google Patents
Lentinula edodes culture medium in which shaddock peel is added Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lentinula edodes culture medium in which shaddock peel is added. The lentinula edodes culture medium in which the shaddock peel is added is characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 47 percent to 57 percent of sawdust, 28 percent to 38 percent of auxiliary materials, 8 percent to 13 percent of shaddock peel, 0.8 percent to 1.3 percent of sugar, 0.7 percent to 1.4 percent of gypsum and 0.2 percent to 0.6 percent of magnesium sulfate. When the lentinula edodes culture medium is used for culturing lentinula edodes, growth of contaminating microorganisms can be effectively suppressed in the growth process of the lentinula edodes, strains are protected, and meanwhile the antioxidant ability of the cultured lentinula edodes is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture medium of edible fungus field, particularly a kind of mushroom culture medium that adds pomelo peel.
Background technology
China has become Edible Fungi big country, and till 2013, the Edible Fungi amount that China produces accounts for the more than 70% of Gross World Product.Edible Fungi has become the rural area three industries of laying equal stress on plant husbandry, aquaculture, is the important channel of China mountain area or poverty-stricken area peasant programme.But, exist the serious phenomenons such as raw material consumption is large, economical efficiency is low, output ratio reversal of the natural order of things in China's Edible Fungi.
Mushroom, as a kind of edible mushrooms, contains high protein, lower fat, polysaccharide, multiple amino acids and multivitamin.Mushroom has multiple medicinal function, as improved body's immunity, anti-oxidant, delay senility, cancer-resisting, hypotensive, reducing blood-fat, decreasing cholesterol, mushroom also, to therapeutic actions such as diabetes, pulmonary tuberculosis, infectious hepatitis, neuritiss, can be used for again maldigestion, constipation etc.
Mushroom, may be because place sanitary condition is poor, sterilizing is thorough, inoculation misoperation in culturing process, the reasons such as breakage of packages, and by some living contaminantses, bacterial classification surviving rate reduces, and affects the growth of mushroom, causes damage to production.How finding a kind of mushroom culture medium with antibacterial becomes the new demand in edible mushrooms field.
Shaddock is the mature fruit of Citrus paradisi Macfadyen, mainly originates in the southern areas such as China Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, and now all there is cultivation on the ground such as the Hunan of China, Zhejiang, Sichuan.Shaddock delicate fragrance, sour-sweet, Liang Run, nutritious, pharmaceutical use is very high, is that people like one of famous and precious fruit of food, is also the fruit of the medical circle tool food therapy value of generally acknowledging.Pomelo peel is that the epidermis of shaddock has another name called Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, warm in nature, and bitter, pungent has the effect of activating QI to eliminate phlegm, strengthening the spleen to promote digestion, loose cold eliminating dampness.And people are eating after shaddock, pomelo peel is often treated as rubbish and abandons, and not only for environment protection brings burden, the effect that has also reduced shaddock entirety is simultaneously worth.In pomelo peel, containing a large amount of naringins, is to belong to flavonoid compound to claim again BIOFLAVONOLDS, is the low molecule natural plant composition of a class, is some secondary metabolites that plant produces in long-term natural selection process.Much research shows, that flavonoid compound has is anti-oxidant, antianaphylaxis, antisepsis and anti-inflammation, anti-mutation, step-down, hypoglycemic, antitumor, delay senility and the effect such as liver-protecting and stomach-protecting.Also there are some researches show, in pomelo peel, contain the very element of the needed by human such as rich in protein, organic acid, VITAMIN and calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium.Pomelo peel is applied in and in mushroom culture medium, has wide market outlook and economic worth.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one and has antibacterial, can improve the mushroom culture medium of the interpolation pomelo peel of mushroom anti-oxidation efficacy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following scheme:
Add a mushroom culture medium for pomelo peel, made by the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 47%～57%, auxiliary material 28%～38%, pomelo peel 8%～13%, sugar 0.8%～1.3%, gypsum 0.7%～1.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%～0.6%.
The mushroom culture medium of interpolation pomelo peel of the present invention, is preferably made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 52%, auxiliary material 33%, pomelo peel 12.5%, sugar 1.0%, gypsum 0.9%, magnesium sulfate 0.6%.
Optimization of Adjuvant of the present invention is two or more in rice bran, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, peanut meal, dregs of beans, mixes with arbitrary proportion.In formula, add these auxiliary materials, be conducive to improve sugar and the vitamin contents of substratum, promote mushroom growth, improve the output of mushroom.
Sugar of the present invention is preferably sucrose or glucose.Because the present invention's wood chip content of lignin used is high, for improving mushroom to wooden utilization ratio, in batching, suitably improve sugared content, to induce the generation of lignoenzyme and to improve the activity of lignoenzyme.
A preparation method who adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1～2mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 30～50 order fine powders;
(2) wood pellet, auxiliary material, pomelo peel fine powder, gypsum are mixed, by sugar with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 60%～70%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 12～24h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 25～30 DEG C, must add the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel.
Compared to existing technology, of the present invention have advantage to be:
1, the flavones in pomelo peel and Flavonoid substances are to gram-positive cocci, as staphylococcus, suis, pneumococcus, anthrax bacillus etc., and gram negative bacillus, as intestinal bacteria, dysentery bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus proteus etc. have restraining effect.In mushroom culture medium, add pomelo peel, effectively suppress varied bacteria growing, protection mushroom strain.
2, the Flavonoid substances composition in pomelo peel has antioxygenation, and the present invention, by adding pomelo peel at mushroom culture medium, can strengthen mushroom anti-oxidation efficacy.
3, pomelo peel is rich in the element of the needed by human such as rich in protein, organic acid, VITAMIN and calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, as waste disposal, and waste resource, pomelo peel is added in mushroom culture medium, turn waste into wealth, make full use of resource, improve the utility value of pomelo peel.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Add a mushroom culture medium for pomelo peel, made by the raw material of following weight percent: willow wood chip 47%, rice bran 18%, cotton seed hulls 10%, corn cob 10%, pomelo peel 12.1%, glucose 1.3%, gypsum 1.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%.
A preparation method who adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel, comprises the steps:
(1) willow wood dust is broken into 1mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 30 order fine powders;
(2) by willow wood pellet, rice bran, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, pomelo peel fine powder, gypsum, mixing, by glucose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 60%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 12h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 25 DEG C, must add the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel.
Embodiment 2
Add a mushroom culture medium for pomelo peel, made by the raw material of following weight percent: willow wood chip 52%, Semen Maydis powder 10%, wheat bran 10%, peanut meal 8%, dregs of beans 5%, pomelo peel 12.5%, glucose 1.0%, gypsum 0.9%, magnesium sulfate 0.6%.
A preparation method who adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel, comprises the steps:
(1) willow wood dust is broken into 1.5mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 40 order fine powders;
(2) willow wood pellet, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, peanut meal, dregs of beans, pomelo peel fine powder, gypsum are mixed, by glucose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 65%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 18h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 25 DEG C, must add the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel.
Embodiment 3
Add a mushroom culture medium for pomelo peel, made by the raw material of following weight percent: willow wood chip 53.7%, rice bran 20%, wheat bran 10%, dregs of beans 6%, pomelo peel 8%, sucrose 1.1%, gypsum 0.7%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%.
A preparation method who adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel, comprises the steps:
(1) willow wood dust is broken into 1.5mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 40 order fine powders;
(2) willow wood pellet, rice bran, wheat bran, dregs of beans, pomelo peel fine powder, gypsum are mixed, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 65%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 20h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 26 DEG C, must add the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel.
Embodiment 4
Add a mushroom culture medium for pomelo peel, made by the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 57%, wheat bran 15%, cotton seed hulls 13%, pomelo peel 13%, sucrose 0.8%, gypsum 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.4%.
A preparation method who adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 50 order fine powders;
(2) wood pellet, wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, pomelo peel fine powder, gypsum are mixed, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 70%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 24h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 27 DEG C, must add the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel.
Comparative example
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: willow wood chip 54%, Semen Maydis powder 12%, wheat bran 10%, peanut meal 9%, dregs of beans 5%, glucose 1.0%, gypsum 0.9%, magnesium sulfate 0.6%, water 7.5%.
A preparation method for mushroom culture medium, comprises the steps:
(1) willow wood dust is broken into 1.5mm particle, pomelo peel is dried, be ground into 40 order fine powders;
(2) willow wood pellet, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, peanut meal, dregs of beans, gypsum are mixed, by glucose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 65%;
(3) after substratum being packed into specification and being 30 × 40 × 0.005cm polyethylene film barrel bag, under atmospheric pressure state, carry out, by substratum sterilizing 18h in 110 DEG C of steam, be cooled to 25 DEG C, obtain mushroom culture medium.
Test example 1: the present invention adds the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel to the restraining effect of miscellaneous bacteria
1, medium liquid preparation: the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, comparative example are pressed respectively to solid-liquid ratio 1:30 extracting in water, extract three times, united extraction liquid, be concentrated into certain volume, add the ethanol precipitation of 3 times 95%, get supernatant concentration, dry, obtain embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, comparative example substratum crude extract is for subsequent use.
2, cultivate and qualification for examination bacterial classification and purifying thereof:
Staphylococcus, suis, anthrax bacillus, intestinal bacteria, Bacillus proteus, provided by Guangxi University's Animal Science And Technology.
Bacterial classification adopts continuous method of scoring to carry out purifying, and bacterium colony after cultivation adopts gram staining method to differentiate, the strain inclined plane after discriminating cultivates, for subsequent use.
Gram staining method: bacterium is first through basic dyestuff violet staining, and after the mordant dyeing of iodine liquid, decolours with alcohol, the bacterium purple having under certain condition is not divested, and what have is divested, and therefore bacterium can be divided into two large classes, the former is called gram-positive microorganism, and the latter is Gram-negative bacteria.For observing conveniently, after decolouring again with a kind of orchil as luxuriant in alkalescence red, dilute azaleine etc. and redye.Positive bacteria is still with purple, and negative bacterium is by red-dyed.Have brood cell's bacillus and most coccuses, and all actinomycetes and fungi are all gram positive reaction; Vibrios, spirochete and most of pathogenic bactacins all present negative reaction.
3, the preparation of bacteria culture medium:
Adopt beef-protein medium, in order to increase the speed of growth of bacterium, in every 1kg water, add 10g glucose so that substratum is improved, 0.1Mpa sterilizing 20min, makes flat board.
4, for the preparation that tries bacterium liquid:
The purified bacterium colony with identifying of picking, is inoculated in broth medium, and 36 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture are to muddy.Then draw a certain amount of bacterium liquid and be inoculated in several Boiling tubes, repeat above-mentioned condition and cultivate.10 times of dilutions of bacterium liquid, get respectively 0.1ml and are applied to flat board, 36 DEG C of constant temperature culture, and bacterium colony forms rear counting, makes 5 × 10
8cFU/ml bacterium liquid.
5, punch tool method is measured the present invention and is added the mushroom culture medium of pomelo peel to the restraining effect of miscellaneous bacteria:
On flat board, punch with the punch tool of R=0.6cm, coating oneself through ready bacterium liquid, then in hole, adding concentration is the solution of the different culture media crude extract for subsequent use of 100g/L, 37 DEG C of constant temperature culture are observed for 2～3 days afterwards, survey the size of its inhibition zone.
6, test-results:
Table 1 adds the big or small statistical unit of different mushroom culture medium solution inhibition zone radiuses: cm
| ? | Bacillus proteus | Staphylococcus | Suis | Intestinal bacteria | Anthrax bacillus |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.45 | 1.47 | 1.65 | 1.79 | 1.66 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.57 | 1.55 | 1.70 | 1.86 | 1.74 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.46 | 1.48 | 1.69 | 1.77 | 1.65 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.51 | 1.50 | 1.64 | 1.74 | 1.69 |
| Comparative example | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the mushroom culture medium of the interpolation pomelo peel of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 has stronger restraining effect to staphylococcus, suis, anthrax bacillus, intestinal bacteria, Bacillus proteus, and the mushroom culture medium that does not add pomelo peel of comparative example is extremely faint to miscellaneous bacteria restraining effect.
Test example 2: the mushroom antioxygenation that the present invention cultivates
1, material: the mushroom that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated.
2, test method:
(1) mushroom runic thing is prepared extracting method: the mushroom 10g that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated, pulverize respectively, press solid-liquid ratio 1:25 extracting in water, extract three times, united extraction liquid, is concentrated into certain volume, adds the ethanol precipitation of 3 times 95%, get supernatant concentration, dry, obtain mushroom crude extract for subsequent use.
(2) mensuration of reducing power: sample is by the Tripotassium iron hexacyanide (K
3fe (CN)
6) be reduced into yellow prussiate of potash (K
4fe (CN)
6), yellow prussiate of potash again with Fe
3+effect, generates ferriferro cyanide (Prussian blue), and to detect at 700nm wavelength place the size that Prussian blue absorbancy represents reducing power, absorbancy is higher, and the reducing power of sample is just stronger, and oxidation-resistance is stronger.At 700nm wavelength place, measure respectively concentration and be the light absorption value of the mushroom crude extract that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, the comparative example of 5mg/ml cultivate.
(3) remove superoxide anion experiment: producing ultra-oxygen anion free radical (O
2-) reaction system in, adding respectively concentration is the mushroom crude extract that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example of 5mg/ml cultivated, and measures their clearance rates.
(4) experiment of removing hydroxyl radical free radical: FeSO
4with H
2o
2reaction produces OH, adds Whitfield's ointment in system, can catch hydroxyl radical free radical and produce coloring matter, and this material has maximum absorption at 510nm place, and in the time there is OH free-radical scavengers in reaction system, this oxidising process is suppressed, and absorbance reduces.At FeSO
4with H
2o
2in reaction system, adding respectively concentration is the mushroom crude extract that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example of 30mg/ml cultivated, and measures clearance rate.
(5) NO under simulated gastric fluid pH condition
2-cleaning reaction effect: cleaning nitrite is effectively to prevent one of approach that N-nitroso compound is carcinogenic.In simulated system, adding and adding respectively concentration is the mushroom crude extract that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example of 14mg/ml cultivated, and measures clearance rate.
(6) DPPH method is measured mushroom anti-oxidant activity: DPPH is a kind of stable free radical in organic solvent, is widely used in anti-oxidant appraisement system.In system, adding respectively concentration is the mushroom crude extract that the embodiment of the present invention 2, embodiment 3, comparative example of 30mg/ml cultivated, and measures clearance rate.
3, test-results:
The reducing power of the mushroom crude extract that table 1 different culture media is cultivated
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Light absorption value | 1.641 | 1.613 | 0.897 |
Table 1 result shows, the mushroom crude extract that embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated has oxidation-resistance, and embodiment 2, embodiment 4 oxidation-resistances are better than comparative example.
The mushroom crude extract that table 2 different culture media is cultivated is removed the ability of superoxide anion
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Clearance rate | 46％ | 41％ | 21％ |
Table 2 shows, the mushroom crude extract that embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated all has the ability of removing superoxide anion, and embodiment 2, embodiment 3 removing abilities are better than comparative example.
The mushroom crude extract that table 3 different culture media is cultivated is removed the ability of hydroxyl radical free radical
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Clearance rate | 78％ | 71％ | 47％ |
Table 3 shows, the mushroom crude extract that embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated all has the ability of removing hydroxyl radical free radical, and embodiment 2, embodiment 3 removing abilities are better than comparative example.
The mushroom crude extract that table 4 different culture media is cultivated is to NO
2-scavenging(action)
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Clearance rate | 59％ | 57％ | 41％ |
Table 4 shows, the mushroom crude extract that embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated is to NO
2-have scavenging(action), embodiment 2, embodiment 3 removing abilities are better than comparative example.
The mushroom crude extract that table 5 different culture media is cultivated is removed effect to DPPH
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Clearance rate | 71％ | 67％ | 39％ |
Table 5 shows, the mushroom crude extract that embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated has removing effect to DPPH, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 remove effect and are better than comparative example, show that the mushroom of the mushroom culture medium cultivation of adding pomelo peel has good oxidation-resistance.
Comprehensive above-mentioned oxidizing reaction system test-results, the mushroom that known embodiment 2, embodiment 3, comparative example are cultivated has oxidation-resistance, and embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are better than comparative example, illustrate that the mushroom culture medium of interpolation pomelo peel can strengthen the anti-oxidation efficacy of mushroom.
Claims (4)
1. a mushroom culture medium that adds pomelo peel, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 47%～57%, auxiliary material 28%～38%, pomelo peel 8%～13%, sugar 0.8%～1.3%, gypsum 0.7%～1.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%～0.6%.
2. the mushroom culture medium of interpolation pomelo peel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 52%, auxiliary material 33%, pomelo peel 12.5%, sugar 1.0%, gypsum 0.9%, magnesium sulfate 0.6%.
3. the mushroom culture medium of interpolation pomelo peel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is two or more in rice bran, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, peanut meal, dregs of beans.
4. the mushroom culture medium of interpolation pomelo peel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described sugar is sucrose or glucose.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104945153A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-30 | 合肥福泉现代农业科技有限公司 | Collybia radicata efficient culture medium with long-term infectious microbe inhibiting effect and preparation method |
| CN106977264A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-25 | 海门市利欣农产品有限公司 | A kind of mushroom culture medium material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109258300A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-25 | 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 | Improve the combined type cultivating champignon culture medium of mushroom production |
| CN110495352A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 黔西南州丰宇农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation of agaricus bisporus material with disease and insect resistance effect |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104945153A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-30 | 合肥福泉现代农业科技有限公司 | Collybia radicata efficient culture medium with long-term infectious microbe inhibiting effect and preparation method |
| CN106977264A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-25 | 海门市利欣农产品有限公司 | A kind of mushroom culture medium material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109258300A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-25 | 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 | Improve the combined type cultivating champignon culture medium of mushroom production |
| CN110495352A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 黔西南州丰宇农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation of agaricus bisporus material with disease and insect resistance effect |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |