CN104012580B - Chinese medicine preparation preventing and treating plant downy mildew and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chinese medicine preparation preventing and treating plant downy mildew and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012580B CN104012580B CN201410152913.5A CN201410152913A CN104012580B CN 104012580 B CN104012580 B CN 104012580B CN 201410152913 A CN201410152913 A CN 201410152913A CN 104012580 B CN104012580 B CN 104012580B
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Abstract
The invention discloses Chinese medicine preparation of a kind of prevention or treatment plant downy mildew and preparation method thereof, belong to the Chinese herb prevention field of plant downy mildew.Described Chinese medicine preparation comprises following component: frutus cnidii, mulberry leaf, purple perilla, sweet wormwood, camellia and Radix Glycyrrhizae.The present invention further discloses the method preparing described Chinese medicine preparation, comprising: by each component soak by water, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.Field efficacy experimental result shows, Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention has significant Prevention and Curation effect for the downy mildew of the vegetables such as cucumber, tomato, grape or fruit tree, especially the downy mildew of booth vegetable is had to the preventive effect of highly significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pharmaceutical preparation preventing and treating plant downy mildew, particularly relate to a kind of Chinese medicine preparation preventing and treating plant downy mildew and preparation method thereof, belong to prevention or the treatment field of plant downy mildew.
Background technology
Downy mildew refers to the common name of disease caused by Peronosporaceae pathogen.Peronosporaceae belongs to false Mycota Oomycete Peronosporales, Peronosporaceae has Basidiophora, Sclerospora, refers to Peronospora, Plasmopara, Pseudoperonospora, Peronospora, Bremia and Bremiella eight genus, mainly causes melon, cabbage, solanaceous vegetables, beans, green onion garlic class, spinach, downy mildew of lettuce.
Cucumis cucurbitaceous plant, is distributed widely in all over China, and is one of main greenhouse product.The downy mildew of cucumber is then the disease that a kind of popularity is very strong.Once generation can cause serious economic loss, grave illness plot even complete stool is withered, causes Severe Reduction, even has no harvest.
Downy mildew is one of vegetables Major Diseases, and the downy mildew of vegetables of the same race is normally caused by downy mildew of the same race, and they have common symptom characteristic and identical prevention and controls.Downy mildew disease spread and occurrence condition: greenhouse by solar heat, plastic tunnel downy mildew germ are survived the winter the summer on sick leaf; Open country downy mildew germ with invalid body in soil, in winter storage kind of strain, survive the winter in seed the more summer; Summer, open country downy mildew germ was blown away sporangium from contiguous by monsoon.Sporangium discharges zoospore, and zoospore is sprouted or sporangium direct germination, produces germ tube, invades, spread, stretch in people's cell draw nutrition by haustorium at iuntercellular from host's pore or space between cells.Borrow wind and rain to propagate at field sporangium, when blade having water droplet or moisture film, germ just can invade people.Fruit vegetables downy mildew is in temperature 20 ~ 24 DEG C, leaf vegetables downy mildew temperature 16 ~ 20 DEG C, and relative moisture is more than 80%, and especially there are water droplet or moisture film in blade face, has condensation in canopy, and greenhouse is breathed freely bad, and the high humidity duration, long downy mildew was easily popular.
At present, the control for plant downy mildew mainly contains following several prophylactico-therapeutic measures:
Agronomy prophylactico-therapeutic measures: select disease-resistant variety.Efficent rotation: general equal growing vegetables takes crop rotation more than 4 years.Strengthen cultivation management.
Chemical control: the Agro-chemicals control preventing and treating vegetable downy mildew will to put prevention first.Generally spray 1 medicine at premorbid.Interval 10d sprays 1 time, continuous spraying 2 ~ 3 times.Conventional medicament has 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, 64% Sandofan wetting powder, 500 times of liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, 48% synergy metalaxyl wetting powder, 600 times of liquid or 72% gram of anti-clever wetting powder, 600 times of liquid.
Chemical control is the major measure of current this disease of control, but uses continuously due to chemical bactericide, and the pesticide resistance of germ is more and more stronger, and to have to increase formulation rate and spraying times to improve control efficiency, causes Pesticide Residue to be on the rise.Organic vegetable can not use any chemical agent, there is no effectively preventing medicine at present to plant downy mildew, be badly in need of developing to the treatment of this disease and prevention comparatively effective and to plant and eco-friendly Chinese medicine preparation.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese medicine preparation that can effectively prevent or treat plant downy mildew;
Two of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparing described Chinese medicine preparation.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes mainly through following technical scheme:
A Chinese medicine preparation for prevention or treatment plant downy mildew, comprises following component:
Frutus cnidii, mulberry leaf, purple perilla, sweet wormwood, camellia and Radix Glycyrrhizae;
Preferably, the weight portion of each component is: frutus cnidii 50-95 part, mulberry leaf 20-45 part, purple perilla 15-35 part, sweet wormwood 5-16 part, camellia 4-15 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1-8 part;
Preferred, the weight portion of each component is: frutus cnidii 70-90 part, mulberry leaf 30-40 part, purple perilla 20-30 part, sweet wormwood 8-12 part, camellia 3-10 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2-6 part;
Most preferred, the weight portion of each component is: frutus cnidii 80 parts, 35 parts, mulberry leaf, purple perilla 25 parts, sweet wormwood 10 parts, camellia 8 parts, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae;
The present invention is found by a large amount of experiments, adds the coptis, trifoliate jewelvine and kuh-seng, have better Synergistic effect, can obtain the effect of better preventing and treating plant downy mildew between each medicine in above-mentioned Chinese medicine preparation; Preferably, the weight portion of the coptis, trifoliate jewelvine and kuh-seng is preferably respectively: coptis 12-25 part, trifoliate jewelvine 20-45 part, kuh-seng 10-35 part; Preferred, the coptis 16 parts, trifoliate jewelvine 35 parts, kuh-seng 25 parts.
Frutus cnidii (Cnidiummonnieri(L.) Cuss.), bigflower clinopodium herb just by name, another name cicely is the dry mature fruit of samphire cnidium monnieri.Gather when summer, autumn two season fruit maturation, removing impurity, dries.Nature and flavor: warm in nature, taste is pungent, bitter.
Mulberry leaf: be the dried leaves of Moraceae Moraceae plant mulberry MorusalbaL..Another name: family mulberry, Jing Sang, mulberry fruit tree, yellow wood, red leaves are white, mulberry leaf are sweet, mulberry leaf, winter folium mori, myriosorus maidenhair herb, family's mulberry leaf, withered mulberry leaf, Jing Sangye, mulberry fruit leaf, mulberry leaves, yellow wood leaf, frosted mulberry leaf, winter folium mori, white mulberry leaf, chicken mulberry leaf, Zisang leaf, morus bombycis leaf, golden mulberry leaf, late mulberry leaf, old mulberry leaf, double leaf, two mulberry leaf, virgin mulberry leaf, mulberry leaf.Nature and flavor: bitter, sweet, cold in nature.
Purple perilla: Labiatae Perilla plant purple perilla Perillafrutescens(L.) the band branch tender leaf of Britt..
Trifoliate jewelvine: another name, malicious trifoliate jewelvine, pulse family China tree Calamus plant trifoliate jewelvine DerristrifoliataLour., is used as medicine with complete stool and root-like stock.The whole year can adopt, and cleans chopping, dries.Meridian distribution of property and flavor: pungent, temperature.Very toxic.
Kuh-seng (RadixSophoraeflavescentis): the plant belonged to for pulse family kuh-seng.Bitter; Cold in nature.Function cures mainly: heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, desinsection, diuresis.
Sweet wormwood: be the dry aerial parts of feverfew sweet wormwood ArtemisiaannuaL..Clearing away summerheat, except steaming, preventing malaria.For summer-heat evil heating, fever due to yin deficiency, night fever abating at dawn, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, malaria fever and chills, jaundice with damp-heat pathogen.
Camellia: be Theaceae Camellia Plants camellia CamelliajaponicaL., is used as medicine with root, flower.Root can be adopted the whole year; Flower Chun Dongcai, dries or dries.Taste is sweet and micro-pungent, and gas is flat and be slightly cold.Restrain cool blood, hemostasis.For spitting blood, bleeding from five sense organs or subcutaneous tissue, has blood in stool, metrorrhagia; Burn and scald is controlled in external application, traumatic bleeding
The coptis: for ranunculaceae plant coptis CoptischinensisFranch. triangle leaf coptis CoptisdeltoideaC.Y.ChengetHsiao or cloud connect the dry rhizome of CoptisteetaWall.; There is heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, effect of purging intense heat and detonicating.Full for damp and hot ruffian, vomiting acid regurgitation, rush down dysentery, jaundice, unconsciousness due to high fever, heart-fire hyperactivity, dysphoria and insomnia, blood-head tells nosebleed, hot eyes, and toothache, quenches one's thirst, and carbuncle swells furunculosis; Control eczema outward, wet sore, duct is suppurated.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparing the Chinese medicine preparation of described prevention or treatment plant downy mildew, and the method comprises: by each bulk drug soak by water, merges decoction liquor, obtains decoction agent.
Wherein, preferably, by soak by water 1-3 time of each bulk drug 3-8 times weight.
Present invention also offers Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention for preventing or treat the method for plant downy mildew, the method comprises: by decoction agent dilute with water of the present invention, as for the degree of dilution, the visual concrete condition of those skilled in the art is determined, as a reference, decoction agent can be watered dilution 10-50 doubly; Liquid after dilution is sprayed onto uniformly the positive and negative of leaf.
Field efficacy experimental result shows, Chinese medicine composition of the present invention has significant Prevention and Curation effect, the preventive effect having highly significant of the downy mildew of the vegetables particularly in booth for the downy mildew of the plants such as cucumber, tomato, grape.
Embodiment
More specifically embodiments of the present invention will be described by the following example, and it should be understood that described embodiment is only exemplary, any restriction is not formed to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments or replacement all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 5, mulberry leaf 2, purple perilla 1.5, sweet wormwood 0.5, camellia 0.4, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.1 by described weight; By the soak by water 3 time of each bulk drug by 3 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Embodiment 2 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 9.5, mulberry leaf 4.5, purple perilla 3.5, sweet wormwood 1.6, camellia 1.5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.8 by described weight; By the soak by water 2 time of each bulk drug by 8 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Embodiment 3 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 8, mulberry leaf 3.5, purple perilla 2.5, sweet wormwood 1.0, camellia 0.8, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.4 by described weight; By the soak by water 2 time of each bulk drug by 5 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Embodiment 4 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 5.0, mulberry leaf 2.0, purple perilla 1.5, sweet wormwood 0.5, camellia 0.4, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.1, the coptis 1.2, trifoliate jewelvine 2.0, kuh-seng 1.0 by described weight; By the soak by water 3 time of each bulk drug by 3 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Embodiment 5 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 9.5, mulberry leaf 4.5, purple perilla 3.5, sweet wormwood 1.6, camellia 1.5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.8, the coptis 2.5, trifoliate jewelvine 4.5, kuh-seng 3.5 by described weight; By the soak by water 2 time of each bulk drug by 8 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Embodiment 6 decocts the preparation of agent
Each raw material (unit: kg) is taken: frutus cnidii 8, mulberry leaf 3.5, purple perilla 2.5, sweet wormwood 1.0, camellia 0.8, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.4, the coptis 1.6, trifoliate jewelvine 3.5, kuh-seng 2.5 by described weight; By the soak by water 2 time of each bulk drug by 5 times of weight, merge decoction liquor, obtain decoction agent.
Experimental example 1 Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is tested the field efficacy of cucumber downy mildew
One, reagent agent
Decoction agent prepared by embodiment 1-6.
Two, experimental technique
Reagent agent is mixed with respectively the medicament that concentration is 50mg/L, with 500mg/L metalaxyl for standard agent contrasts, clear water is blank, and each process repeats 3 times.Test when the cucumber in booth grows 2-3 sheet leaf.
A, prevention effect determination test: decoct agent and be watered dilution 10-50 doubly; Liquid after dilution is sprayed onto uniformly the positive and negative drop method dispenser of leaf, after moisturizing 24h, then meets bacterium moisturizing 24h with drop method, then proceed to Routine Management, after clear water contrast fully morbidity, investigation prevention effect.
B. therapeutic action determination test.Method and prevention effect are substantially identical, and difference is first to connect bacterium, dispenser again after moisturizing 24h.Stage division and computing formula: 0 grade, blade is without scab; 1 grade, lesion area accounts for whole blade area less than 5%; 3 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 6% ~ 10%; 5 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 11% ~ 25%; 7 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 26% ~ 50%; 9 grades, lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole blade area.
Disease index=(sick grade blade number × this sick value of series of Σ)/(investigating total number of sheets × the highest sick value of series);
Relative control effect (%)=" (check plot disease index one treatment region index)/check plot disease index] x100%.
Data analysis: carry out data statistics and analysis with Excel2003, carries out variance analysis with SAS8.I.
Three, experimental result
Experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1 Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is for the field efficacy experimental result of cucumber downy mildew
From experimental result, Chinese medicine composition of the present invention all has certain prevention and therapy effect for cucumber downy mildew, and the relative control effect of the pharmaceutical preparation wherein prepared by embodiment 4-6 will be significantly higher than the relative control effect of embodiment 1-3 pharmaceutical preparation to cucumber downy mildew.
Experimental example 2 Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention is tested the field efficacy of downy mildew of garpe
One, reagent agent
Decoction agent prepared by embodiment 1-6.
Two, experimental technique
Reagent agent is mixed with respectively the medicament that concentration is 60mg/L, with 500mg/L metalaxyl for standard agent contrasts, clear water is blank, and each process repeats 3 times.Test when grape grows 2-3 sheet leaf.
A, prevention effect are tested: decoct agent and be watered dilution 10-50 doubly; Liquid after dilution is sprayed onto uniformly the positive and negative drop method dispenser of grape leaf, after moisturizing 24h, then meets bacterium moisturizing 24h with drop method, then proceed to Routine Management, after clear water contrast fully morbidity, investigation prevention effect.
B. therapeutic action test: method and prevention effect are substantially identical, difference is first to connect bacterium, dispenser again after moisturizing 24h.
Stage division and computing formula: 0 grade, blade is without scab; 1 grade, lesion area accounts for whole blade area less than 5%; 3 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 6% ~ 10%; 5 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 11% ~ 25%; 7 grades, lesion area accounts for whole blade area 26% ~ 50%; 9 grades, lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole blade area.
Disease index=(sick grade blade number × this sick value of series of Σ)/(investigating total number of sheets × the highest sick value of series);
Relative control effect (%)=" (check plot disease index one treatment region index)/check plot disease index] x100%.
Data analysis: carry out data statistics and analysis with Excel2003, carries out variance analysis with SAS8.I.
Three, experimental result
Experimental result is in table 2.
Table 2 Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is for the field efficacy experimental result of downy mildew of garpe
From experimental result, Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention all has prevention and therapy effect for downy mildew of garpe, and the relative control effect of the pharmaceutical preparation wherein prepared by embodiment 4-6 will be significantly higher than the relative control effect of embodiment 1-3 pharmaceutical preparation to downy mildew of garpe.
Claims (9)
1. a Chinese medicine preparation for prevention or treatment plant downy mildew, is characterized in that, be made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion: frutus cnidii 50-95 part, mulberry leaf 20-45 part, purple perilla 15-35 part, sweet wormwood 5-16 part, camellia 4-15 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 1-8 part.
2. according to Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each bulk drug is: frutus cnidii 70-90 part, mulberry leaf 30-40 part, purple perilla 20-30 part, sweet wormwood 8-12 part, camellia 3-10 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2-6 part.
3. according to Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each bulk drug is: frutus cnidii 80 parts, 35 parts, mulberry leaf, purple perilla 25 parts, sweet wormwood 10 parts, camellia 8 parts, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
4. the Chinese medicine preparation of a prevention or treatment plant downy mildew, it is characterized in that, be made up of the bulk drug of following weight portion: frutus cnidii 50-95 part, mulberry leaf 20-45 part, purple perilla 15-35 part, sweet wormwood 5-16 part, camellia 4-15 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1-8 part, coptis 12-25 part, trifoliate jewelvine 20-45 part and kuh-seng 10-35 part.
5. according to Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the weight portion of each bulk drug is: frutus cnidii 80 parts, 35 parts, mulberry leaf, purple perilla 25 parts, sweet wormwood 10 parts, camellia 8 parts, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the coptis 16 parts, trifoliate jewelvine 35 parts, kuh-seng 25 parts.
6. prepare a method for claim 1-5 Chinese medicine preparation described in any one, the method comprises: by each bulk drug soak by water, merges decoction liquor, obtains decoction agent.
7. the application of claim 1-5 Chinese medicine preparation described in any one in prevention or treatment plant downy mildew.
8. according to application according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described plant comprises vegetables or fruit tree; Described fruit tree is grape.
9. according to application according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described vegetables comprise cucumber, tomato or lettuce.
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| CN105010442A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 襄汾县科农种植专业合作社 | Biological pesticide for grape planting |
| CN105941493A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-21 | 江苏丰年果品种植园有限公司 | Bactericide for preventing and treating blueberry stiff fruit disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN109526928A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-29 | 临沂丰邦植物医院有限公司 | A kind of Organic cucumber downy mildew preventing control method |
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