CN104012211A - Grass seed pelleting process - Google Patents
Grass seed pelleting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012211A CN104012211A CN201410270132.6A CN201410270132A CN104012211A CN 104012211 A CN104012211 A CN 104012211A CN 201410270132 A CN201410270132 A CN 201410270132A CN 104012211 A CN104012211 A CN 104012211A
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Abstract
The invention provides a grass seed pelleting process. The grass seed pelleting process comprises the following steps: (1) mixing matrix components, and extruding to form a columnar particle matrix by using a pelleting extruder, wherein the diameter of the columnar particle matrix is smaller than 4mm, and the length of the columnar particle matrix is 5-15mm; (2) mixing grass seeds with the columnar particle matrix according to the proportion of (1-2) to (100-150); (3) extruding the grass seeds and the columnar particle matrix by using a double-roll extrusion pelleter for pelleting under the extrusion strength of 8Pa to form flat-spherical vegetation particles of which the diameter is 4-10mm. According to the grass seed pelleting process, the technical problems that the shape of gramineous grass seeds is irregular and the gramineous grass seeds are easily damaged in the preparation process are solved, the drift of the seeds can be effectively reduced, the landing stability of the seeds is improved, and the seeding accuracy and the seed germination rate are improved. The grass seed pelleting process is applicable to mechanical operation and is particularly applicable to northern droughty grassland regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed-pelleting technology, specifically, relate to a kind of grass seed pill metallization processes.
Background technology
Seed-pelleting packaging technique; it is the agricultural high-tech that adapts to meticulous sowing needs growing up on seed film packaging technique basis; can make the shape of the seed of some crop by irregular, the small spherula (comprising positive circle, ellipse, oblateness etc.) that transfers big or small homogeneous, regular shape to, so that the process technology of artificial and mechanization precision drilling.Seed pill clothing technological merit is to improve sowing effect, can make those crops that are not suitable for mechanical planting realize precision drilling, also can realize and broadcast front plant protection, and sick worm is double to be controlled, and promotes plant growth, improves and strengthen the resistance of seed.
At present, the obducens type of skill has four classes substantially: 1, heavy pill, the i.e. large granulation of small-sized seed; 2, crust dressing, also claims thick film coating, forms smooth surface, seed that shape is consistent, makes seed be more suitable for the Precise sowing of pneumatic sower, and seed to increase quality few, save material; 3, fast-growing pill, first carries out vernalization to seed prior to seeding, then carries out pill; 4, flat pill, makes larger, heavier flat pill tiny seed, prevents from being blown away, the accuracy while improving air seeding and land after stability, guarantee seeding quality.Common seed-pelleting processing technology mainly contains rolling comminution granulation and drift granulation, and the main flow process of its seed Pelleting dressing comprises: seed cleaning → seed disinfection → seed with sticker soak → mix with seed coat agent → with filler stirring → Pelleting moulding → hot air drying behaviour → by techniques such as granularity sieving classification → quality inspection → computation weigh → seam bag, pack → warehouse-ins.
At present; the main pooled applications of seed pill clothing technology is at the seed of shape matching rule both at home and abroad; on cotton, beet, vegetables, flowers and grass seed (alfalfa); the application of obducens technology is also comparatively general; its pill process equipment has also been realized commercialization, automation, standardization, seriation, and existing forward is intelligent, become more meticulous, goodization future development.But still there are some problems, need further to solve, as few in the kind of pill pelleting seed application, for grass seed, the application of gramineous forage grass seed (elongated and flat class seed) pill seldom, and because gramineous forage grass shape of the seed is irregular, easily in process, destroyed; Some pill pelleting seed mechanism formula, water content etc. are unreasonable, and adaptability is poor, cannot guarantee germination rate; Processing equipment and technique fall behind, and granulating shape is undesirable, become graininess poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of grass seed pill metallization processes.
In order to realize the object of the invention, first the present invention provides a kind of grass seed pill metallization processes, specifically comprises the steps:
1) matrix components is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 5-15mm;
2) grass seed is mixed with cylindrical particle matrix, mixed proportion is 1-2:100-150;
3) with pair roller Squeezinggranulator extruding grass seed and cylindrical particle matrix, carry out granulation, crushing strength 8pa, forming diameter is the compressed globular life grain of planting of 4-10mm.
Further, described in plant raw grain water content be 10-15%, compression strength is 6-20N.
As preferably, described in plant raw grain containing 10～12/of grass seeds.
As preferably, described grass seed is study of perennial forage grasses seed.
As preferably, described grass seed cleanliness is more than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
As preferably, described step 3) granulation process carries out under normal temperature condition.
As preferably, described matrix components comprises the raw material of following weight portion: diatomite 20-30 part, talcum powder 10-20 part, vermiculite power 10-20 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 2-5 part, bentonite 15-25 part, ureaformaldehyde 5-10 part, superphosphate 3-5 part, humus acid 3-5 part, super absorbent resin 2-5 part.
The present invention also provides a kind of raw grain of planting of grass seed that contains, described in plant raw grain preparation method comprise:
1) matrix components is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 5-15mm;
2) grass seed is mixed with cylindrical particle matrix, mixed proportion is 1-2:100-150;
3) with pair roller Squeezinggranulator extruding grass seed and cylindrical particle matrix, carry out granulation, crushing strength 8pa, forming diameter is the compressed globular life grain of planting of 4-10mm.
Further, described in, plant raw grain containing 10～12/of grass seeds.
As preferably, described grass seed is study of perennial forage grasses seed, and physical purity of seed is more than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of grass seed pill metallization processes, solved gramineous forage grass shape of the seed irregular, the technical problem of easily being destroyed in process; And the pill pelleting seed that this processes obtains is flat elliptic, can effectively reduce the drift of seed, increase the stability that seed lands, improve accuracy and the percentage of seedgermination of sowing, be suitable for mechanical work, in the north, area, arid grassland is particularly applicable.
And for the matrix of nutrient is provided, be degradable substance under natural situation substantially in the present invention.In formula, nutrient is mainly from slow-release fertilizer ureaformaldehyde, and the fertile curves of the need of its nutrient releasing speed and gramineous forage grass, absorbs fully, and the availability of nitrogen reaches more than 90%.Therefore solved the obducens seed Pesticide Residue of dressing seed and causing in order to improve seed viability in nutrient desert.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be grass seed pill metallization processes of the present invention prepare plant raw grain;
Fig. 2 is the pair roller Squeezinggranulator using in grass seed pill metallization processes of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 grass seed pill
The formula of 1 matrix and preparation
The formula of 1.1 matrix
Diatomite 25kg, talcum powder 15kg, vermiculite power 15kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 5kg, bentonite 20kg, ureaformaldehyde 10kg, superphosphate 5kg, humus acid 3kg, super absorbent resin 2kg.
The preparation of 1.2 matrix
Mentioned component is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 10mm.
The selection of 2 grass seeds and screening
Select Elymus nutans seed, physical purity of seed is greater than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
The preparation of 3 grass seed pills
The matrix preparing is mixed with the ratio of 1:100 with the grass seed after screening; then use pair roller Squeezinggranulator (DGZ-15 type; the material of extruder grain (grass seed and cylindrical particle matrix) granulation as shown in Figure 2), forms the compressed globular raw grain (seeing Fig. 1) of planting.Material moisture is 12%, and granulation process carries out under normal temperature condition, machine power 15kw, and crushing strength 8pa, granulating rate is more than 85%, and output is about 1t/h.The diameter of planting raw grain forming is 4～10mm, oblate spheroid, and water content is in 12% left and right, and compression strength is 6-20N.
Embodiment 2 grass seed pills
The formula of 1 matrix and preparation
The formula of 1.1 matrix
Diatomite 20kg, talcum powder 20kg, vermiculite power 10kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 5kg, bentonite 15kg, ureaformaldehyde 10kg, superphosphate 3kg, humus acid 5kg, super absorbent resin 2kg.
The preparation of 1.2 matrix
Mentioned component is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 5mm.
The selection of 2 grass seeds and screening
Select crested wheat grass seed, physical purity of seed is greater than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
The preparation of 3 grass seed pills
The matrix preparing is mixed with the ratio of 1.5:150 with the grass seed after screening, then use material (grass seed and the cylindrical particle matrix) granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator (DGZ-15 type) extruder grain, form the compressed globular raw grain of planting.Material moisture is 12%, and granulation process carries out under normal temperature condition, machine power 15kw, and crushing strength 8pa, granulating rate is more than 85%, and output is about 1t/h.The diameter of planting raw grain forming is 4～10mm, oblate spheroid, and water content is in 12% left and right, and compression strength is 6-20N.
Embodiment 3 grass seed pills
The formula of 1 matrix and preparation
The formula of 1.1 matrix
Diatomite 30kg, talcum powder 10kg, vermiculite power 20kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 2kg, bentonite 25kg, ureaformaldehyde 5kg, superphosphate 5kg, humus acid 3kg, super absorbent resin 5kg.
The preparation of 1.2 matrix
Mentioned component is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 15mm.
The selection of 2 grass seeds and screening
Select awnless brome seed, physical purity of seed is greater than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
The preparation of 3 grass seed pills
The matrix preparing is mixed with the ratio of 2:150 with the grass seed after screening, then use material (grass seed and the cylindrical particle matrix) granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator (DGZ-15 type) extruder grain, form the compressed globular raw grain of planting.Material moisture is 12%, and granulation process carries out under normal temperature condition, machine power 15kw, and crushing strength 8pa, granulating rate is more than 85%, and output is about 1t/h.The diameter of planting raw grain forming is 4～10mm, oblate spheroid, and water content is in 12% left and right, and compression strength is 6-20N.
The optimization of embodiment 4 crushing strengths
According to embodiment 1 technique, carry out, 5 crushing strength: 4pa, 6pa, 8pa, 10pa and 12pa are set respectively when granulation.And granulating rate and seed breakage rate are added up and compared, in Table 1.
The impact of the different crushing strengths of table 1 on granulating rate and seed breakage rate
Find thus: crushing strength is little, together with seed can not stick preferably with matrix, become graininess bad; Intensity is excessive, and seed is easily damaged.From protecting seed integrality and becoming graininess two aspects to consider, select 8pa.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a grass seed pill metallization processes, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) matrix components is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 5-15mm;
2) grass seed is mixed with cylindrical particle matrix, mixed proportion is 1-2:100-150;
3) with pair roller Squeezinggranulator extruding grass seed and cylindrical particle matrix, carry out granulation, crushing strength 8pa, forming diameter is the compressed globular life grain of planting of 4-10mm.
2. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in plant raw grain water content be 10-15%, compression strength is 6-20N.
3. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each plants raw grain containing 10～12 of grass seeds.
4. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described grass seed is study of perennial forage grasses seed.
5. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described grass seed cleanliness is more than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
6. technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3) granulation process under normal temperature condition, carry out.
7. technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described matrix components comprises the raw material of following weight portion: diatomite 20-30 part, talcum powder 10-20 part, vermiculite power 10-20 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 2-5 part, bentonite 15-25 part, ureaformaldehyde 5-10 part, superphosphate 3-5 part, humus acid 3-5 part, super absorbent resin 2-5 part.
8. one kind contains the raw grain of planting of grass seed, it is characterized in that, described in plant raw grain preparation method comprise:
1) matrix components is mixed, through the extruding of granulation extruder, form that diameter is less than 4mm, length is the cylindrical particle matrix of 5-15mm;
2) grass seed is mixed with cylindrical particle matrix, mixed proportion is 1-2:100-150;
3) with pair roller Squeezinggranulator extruding grass seed and cylindrical particle matrix, carry out granulation, crushing strength 8pa, forming diameter is the compressed globular life grain of planting of 4-10mm.
9. the life grain of planting according to claim 8, is characterized in that, each plants raw grain containing 10～12 of grass seeds.
10. the life grain of planting according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described grass seed is study of perennial forage grasses seed, and physical purity of seed is more than 95%, and germination rate is more than 85%.
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| CN201410270132.6A CN104012211B (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2014-06-17 | The pelletized technique of a kind of grass seed |
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| CN201410270132.6A CN104012211B (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2014-06-17 | The pelletized technique of a kind of grass seed |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104541924A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 孙宁 | Method for aero sowing in desert area |
| CN105016863A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-04 | 三峡大学 | Coated shrub seeds used for vegetation concrete revetment, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106905042A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fermenting bed padding conditioner |
| CN108738467A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the ramie bulk seed of suitable hillside live streaming |
| CN110622967A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Seed coating agent for ecological restoration of desertified land, coating method and coated seeds |
| CN114375801A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-22 | 阜新市鑫鹏生物工程有限公司 | Grass seed throwing particle formula and preparation method thereof |
| CN114424696A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Perilla capsule seed beneficial to drought resistance and seedling protection and preparation method thereof |
| CN116918644A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-10-24 | 辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所 | Method for rapidly improving productivity of degraded sandy grassland |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541924A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 孙宁 | Method for aero sowing in desert area |
| CN105016863A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-04 | 三峡大学 | Coated shrub seeds used for vegetation concrete revetment, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105016863B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-08-14 | 三峡大学 | A kind of coating shrub seeds and preparation method thereof for plant cover concrete bank protection |
| CN106905042A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fermenting bed padding conditioner |
| CN108738467A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the ramie bulk seed of suitable hillside live streaming |
| CN110622967A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Seed coating agent for ecological restoration of desertified land, coating method and coated seeds |
| CN110622967B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-07-02 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Seed coating agent for ecological restoration of desertified land, coating method and coated seeds |
| CN114375801A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-22 | 阜新市鑫鹏生物工程有限公司 | Grass seed throwing particle formula and preparation method thereof |
| CN114424696A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Perilla capsule seed beneficial to drought resistance and seedling protection and preparation method thereof |
| CN116918644A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-10-24 | 辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所 | Method for rapidly improving productivity of degraded sandy grassland |
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