CN103975810A - Rice companion planting method - Google Patents
Rice companion planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103975810A CN103975810A CN201410209574.XA CN201410209574A CN103975810A CN 103975810 A CN103975810 A CN 103975810A CN 201410209574 A CN201410209574 A CN 201410209574A CN 103975810 A CN103975810 A CN 103975810A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice companion planting method, comprises the steps of selecting a rice variety with excellent comprehensive characters as a basic variety and selecting mutants of different types from the basic variety as a match variety for companion planting, wherein at least one different excellent agricultural character exists among the mutants of different types; mixing the basic variety and the match variety, nursing seedlings and transplanting; performing field management and harvesting. According to the rice companion method, a rice group has multiple excellent agricultural characters, the resistance of the rice group to insect diseases is improved, the rice yield is improved and rice with uniform quality and nutrition can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice cultivating technique field, relate in particular to a kind of paddy rice companion planting method.
Background technology
The companion planting of rice biological diversity normally utilizes high between Different Rice Varieties, short poor, fully coordinates light, temperature, fertile resource.Plant by between mixing, reach and enrich paddy rice farmland variety diversity, strengthen agricultural ecological stability, Rice Physiological quality is strengthened, improved the ability of Resistant, effectively alleviate the harm of disease worm, both having reduced pesticide dosage, and reduced again pollution of agricultural products, is the effective way that develops at present high-yield and high-efficiency agricultural, be that peasant increases production, increases income, a practical technique of synergy, there is fairly obvious economic benefit, ecological benefits, social benefit and sustainability.
What the companion planting of rice biological diversity was more is applied in the production of control rice blast, the Chinese patent literature that is CN1309886 as publication number discloses a kind of rice blast controlling techn utilizing genetic diversity of rice, keep the planting type of current hybrid rice, the spacing in the rows of rice-cultivating, line-spacing is all identical with conventional method with density, hybrid rice Tanaka in short-stalked variety plants the high bar fine quality of 1 row paddy rice every 4～8 row more, high bar fine quality is higher more than 20 centimetres than short-stalked variety, the hereditary difference of two kinds that cover is planted is that RGA fingerprint difference is more than 10%, maturing stage differed in 40 days.Although this patent can make paddy rice different genotype kind realize mutual supplement with each other's advantages, but because the rice varieties of selecting not is that specific aim seed selection forms, its source is inconsistent, streaking one, breeding time, agronomic characteristics are also completely different from purposes, in practical manner, conventionally need to carry out independent transplanting kind and results by kind, on field management measure, also need by kind liquid manure and spray medicine several times, the low amount of labour used of efficiency is large, seems particularly complicated under the background that the production cost including labor cost increases year by year.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent literature of CN101697701B discloses and a kind ofly improves the paddy rice mixed seeding implantation methods of output based on improving rice matter, and step is as follows: (1) selects in Hubei Province No. 5, No. 1, E Xiang and No. 2 three kinds of rice varieties of Jianzhen is mixed seeding varieties of plant; (2) in north latitude 27-33 ° region in April 10 between May 5 sowing; (3) will before the planting seed of the selected kind of step, be to mix at 5: 2: 3 in mass ratio; (4) press wide-narrow row planting, wide every trade is apart from being 30cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 16.5cm, and spacing in the rows is 14.7-16.5cm, the every 666.7m of density
2be ten thousand caves, 1.738 ten thousand cave to 1.95; (5) in rice at whole growth periods, every 666.7m
2execute purity nitrogen 11-12kg, wherein base fertilizer accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 20-25%, and short fertilizers for potted flowers accounts for 0-10%, protects fertilizers for potted flowers and accounts for 10-15%; N: P
2o
5: K
2the mass ratio of O is 1: 0.4-0.5: 0.8-1.This patent is by selecting three rice varieties that approach breeding time to carry out mixed seeding, although reduced to a certain extent the complexity of plantation and field management, but rice yield is still lower, less than 600kg/ mu, and the rice genetic background difference of different cultivars is large, causing quality, the nutrition of rice to have larger difference, there is quality, the inhomogenous problem of nutrition in the rice of acquisition.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of paddy rice companion planting method, Rice Population can have multiple good economical character concurrently, can improve the resistance of Rice Population to damage by disease and insect, improves rice yield, and can obtain quality, nutrition compared with the rice of homogeneous.
A kind of paddy rice companion planting method, comprising:
(1) selecting the good rice varieties of Comprehensive Traits is basic kind, selects the dissimilar mutant that derives from this basis kind as the collocation kind of companion planting; Between dissimilar mutant, there is at least one different good economical character;
(2) after the seed of described basic kind and collocation kind is mixed, seedling, transplanting;
(3) field management;
(4) results.
The paddy rice companion planting kind adopting in the present invention comprises basic kind and collocation kind, wherein basic kind can adopt Comprehensive Traits conventional in agricultural production (as pest-resistant, disease-resistant, high yield, rice quality is excellent) good rice varieties, collocation kind is dissimilar mutant, owing to thering is different good economical characters between dissimilar mutant, like this, after companion planting, can make Rice Population have various good characteristics concurrently, enrich farmland rice varieties diversity, strengthen agricultural ecological stability, improve the overall qualities of paddy rice, alleviate damage by disease and insect, improve rice yield.Described good economical character is disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high strong bar, tillers or resistance to dense planting more.
In addition, all mutant of the present invention all derive from same foundation kind, originate identical, due in rice breeding, the seed selection of rice mutant is carried out for specific economical character target, and other economical character and basic kind are approximate, so all mutant are except specific economical character, remaining economical character is more consistent, also more consistent with basic kind, that is to say that the genetic background difference between all companion planting rice varieties is little, thereby guarantee rice quality, the homogeneity of nutrition, simultaneously also more unified and simple in field management.
Preferably, described basic kind is " raising rice No. 6 ", and described mutant is at least two kinds in " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " Zhejiang many fringes rice ".
Preferred, described basic kind is " raising rice No. 6 ", and described mutant is " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " Zhejiang many fringes rice ".Adopt after above-mentioned rice varieties companion planting, the resistant to diseases and insects of paddy rice is strong, and rice quality is good, and output is high.
The harvest time of paddy rice affects the yield and quality of rice, for ensureing the uniformity of results, ensure that to greatest extent each rice varieties all gathers in the crops in the suitable time, ensure the yield and quality of rice, in described basic kind and collocation kind, differ the breeding time of any two rice varieties 0～10 day, preferably differ 0～5 day.
When seed mixes, the quantity of the seed of described basic kind and collocation kind is than being 1:1.Wherein, the quantity of dissimilar mutant seed is identical.Above-mentioned seed proportioning is mixed output and the rice quality that can better ensure paddy rice.
Seed can adopt conventional method to carry out seedling, transplanting and field management after mixing.When results, generally gather in the crops when rice varieties 93～96% yellow maturity at the latest with the ripe phase.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the Mutant Rice source that the present invention utilizes is identical, carries out companion planting, rice quality, nutrition homogeneous more with basic kind.
(2) the present invention adopts the mutant in identical source, except special economical character (in mutant Breeding Process targetedly good economical character target), its maturation time, other economical character and resistance level are basically identical, not only select more simple in the operation of seedling and transplanting, also more unified and actual efficient on the field management measure of companion planting, be convenient to the realization of saving of labor's abridged edition and increase income.
(3) although Mutant Rice of the present invention is all to come from same foundation kind, but be in fact still equivalent to dissimilar common rice variety matching, have the good characteristic of each mutant concurrently, can realize variety matching and the reasonably space utilization of science, more be conducive to strengthen Resistant and improve yield potentiality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of paddy rice companion planting method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.These embodiment are only for the present invention is described, and can not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 is taking Good Quality Indica Rice Yangdao 6 as basic paddy rice companion planting method
It is that quality indica " is raised rice No. 6 " and disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high strong bar, sudden change paddy rice tillers more that the present embodiment 1 is selected basic kind.
Basis kind " is raised rice No. 6 ", it is Inst. of Agricultural Science, Lixiahe Prefecture, Jiangsu Prov.'s seed selection, successively in 1997,2000, calendar year 2001 by Jiangsu Province, Anhui Province and Hubei Province's crop varietal approval committee, be the slow ripe conventional rice kind of the good outstanding middle Xian of proterties, this kind can be purchased from Inst. of Agricultural Science, Lixiahe Prefecture, Jiangsu Prov..
Disease-resistant sudden change paddy rice " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 "; be the extreme compactness of plant type, the strong paddy rice of anti-banded sclerotial blight ability that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis; can tolerate high-density planting condition performance volume increase disease-resistant; in January, 2012 is to the application protection of new variety of plant power protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number: CNA008767E.This kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Tall and big strong bar sudden change paddy rice " Zhejiang rice No. 1 "; it is the thick anti-fall paddy rice of tall and big bar that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis; plant height is more than 180 centimetres; cane is sturdy; lodging tolerance is strong; in January, 2012 is to the application protection of new variety of plant power protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number: CNA008768E.This kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Pest-resistant sudden change paddy rice " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", is the insect-proof rice that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, has good against-plant hopper characteristic, and in January, 2013 is to the application protection of new variety of plant power protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number: CNA010401E.This kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Sudden change paddy rice " Zhejiang many fringes rice " tillers more; be the paddy rice that tillers that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, tillering ability extra-heavy, generally tillers and can reach more than 40 more; in January, 2014 is to the application protection of new variety of plant power protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, application number: 20140297.2.This kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Get " raising rice No. 6 " seed of 50% (seed grain number) and respectively account for 12.5% " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", the full seed of " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " Zhejiang many fringes rice ", make thinner before sowing even solarization seed 1 day, after evenly mixing, adopt Prochloraz (concentration is: 2 milliliters the former medicine water distribution of Prochloraz 75 kilograms) seed soaking, vernalization, adopt light seeding by the requirement of 35 kilograms of every mu of sowing quantities, the even mode of broadcasting is cultivated strong seedling, after 30 day length of time rice seedlings grow, carry out manual transplanting, line-spacing is 23.5 centimetres, spacing in the rows is 16.5 centimetres, except banded sclerotial blight and rice fulgorid minimizing control number of times, all the other carry out field management according to a conventional method.
Common rice nursery period, will be prevented and treated small brown rice planthopper and rice thrips 1 time, will prevent and treat rice blast tillering stage 1 time, banded sclerotial blight 1 time, control snout moth's larva, rice leaf roller 1 time, rice fulgorid 1 time; To prevent and treat rice blast, false smut, bacterial leaf-blight 1-2 time, control snout moth's larva, rice leaf roller 1 time, rice fulgorid 1 time heading stage, maturing stage control rice fulgorid 1 time, adopt the paddy rice of companion planting method of the present invention, the tolerance of banded sclerotial blight and pest-resistant (rice fulgorid) significantly improves, sheath blight disease controlling 1 time can be reduced tillering stage, rice fulgorid can be reduced 1 time; Heading stage or maturing stage can reduce rice fulgorid control 1 time, when the present invention tests, the medicament that prevents rice fulgorid is Buprofezin (buprofezin), concentration is 25%, the amount of spraying is 750g/ mu, prevent and treat the medicament of banded sclerotial blight for liking seedling (Difenoconazole, propiconazole), concentration is 30%, the amount of spraying is 20 milliliters of/mu (notes, pest-resistant, the disease-resistant characteristic of the present embodiment is embodied in the level of against-plant hopper and banded sclerotial blight, the control of all the other damage by disease and insect, referring to conventional control medicament, repeats no more herein).Receive results taking " the many fringes in Zhejiang " 95% yellow maturity as ripeness standard machine.
In growth period duration of rice, to the growing state of paddy rice as plant height, tiller, pest-resistant characteristic etc. investigates, after results, the exterior quality of checking paddy rice is identified.
1, the resistance grade scale of paddy rice to banded sclerotial blight:
According to state of an illness composite index (SDI), after every inoculation (rice seedling) do not find morbidity, SDI=0's is immunization type, SDI=0～1.50 be high resistance; SDI=1.51～3.00 be disease-resistant; SDI=3.01～4.50 be in anti-; SDI=4.51～6.00 susceptible; The middle sense of SDI=6.01～7.50; The height sense of SDI=7.51～9.00.Referring to: Wang Ling, Huang Wenwen, Liu Lianmeng, Fu Qiang, Huang Shiwen. to the evaluation of southern china part indica hybrid rice sharp eyespot resistance. " Acta Agronomica Sinica " 2011.
2, the resistance grade scale of paddy rice to rice fulgorid:
Maturing stage in paddy rice is investigated, and according to the extent of injury of worm, is not injured 0 grade for immunization type; Be injured light, 1 grade be high resistance; 1-2 end of blade is orange-yellow, and plant is pest-resistant, and 3 grades for anti-; Occur shortly, leaf over half is orange-yellow, and 5 grades anti-in being; Plant is downgraded, and 1/2 to 1/3 above plant is withered is sense; Plant is all withered, and 9 grades is high sense.Referring to: the Resistance Identification of wild rice to brown back rice plant hopper and white-backed planthopper. insect knowledge, 1992 the 1st phases.
3, the exterior quality of paddy rice: Appearance Quality of Paddy Rice comprises chalk rice rate and Chalkiness size, the indexs such as rice kernel shape (length/width ratio) and transparency.Check the exterior quality of the paddy rice that the present invention gathers in the crops, find the appearance transparent homogeneous of companion planting kind rice, substantially white without chalk, particle shape is long particle shape, and length and width and ratio thereof are basically identical, without obvious different rice composite characters.
Disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high the strengthen multiple good characteristic water such as bar of table 1 taking Good Quality Indica Rice Yangdao 6 as basis
Output, quality and the disease and insect resistance comparison of the companion planting of rice
As shown in table 1, take the method for basic cultivar and mutant mixed culture thereof, through land for growing field crops output associating variety comparative test, show that different cultivars plant height slightly separates with maturation time in the time of field planting, but range of variation can obviously not affect harvest time, be 135 days the breeding time of companion planting colony, differ only 2～4 days with other rice varieties, but the Disease and insect resistance of companion planting colony is significantly more excellent, as anti-in all can reaching rice sheath blight disease and rice fulgorid, its yield level is significantly higher than the output of basic kind and single mutating variety, every per mu yield reaches 712 kilograms, per mu yield has improved 31～76kg.
Claims (8)
1. a paddy rice companion planting method, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) selecting the good rice varieties of Comprehensive Traits is basic kind, selects the dissimilar mutant that derives from this basis kind as the collocation kind of companion planting; Between dissimilar mutant, there is at least one different good economical character;
(2) after the seed of described basic kind and collocation kind is mixed, seedling, transplanting;
(3) field management;
(4) results.
2. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described good economical character is disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high strong bar, tillers or resistance to dense planting more.
3. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described basic kind and collocation kind, differs the breeding time of any two rice varieties 0～10 day.
4. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described basic kind is " raising rice No. 6 ", and described mutant is at least two kinds in " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " Zhejiang many fringes rice ".
5. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described basic kind is " raising rice No. 6 ", and described mutant is " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " Zhejiang many fringes rice ".
6. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when seed mixes, the quantity of the seed of described basic kind and collocation kind is than being 1:1.
7. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the quantity of dissimilar mutant seed is identical.
8. paddy rice companion planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), gathers in the crops when rice varieties 93～96% yellow maturity at the latest with the ripe phase.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206220A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Mixed sowing and companion planting method for ensuring rice production safety |
| CN105660382A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 山东省水稻研究所 | Rice breeding method |
| CN106561367A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-19 | 湖南农业大学 | Paddy rice mixed sowing and mechanical transplanting cultivation method |
| CN106804348A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-09 | 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of paddy rice companion planting method |
| CN107750845A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 海南大学 | A kind of green planting method of rice field disease and pest control |
-
2014
- 2014-05-15 CN CN201410209574.XA patent/CN103975810B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘二明等: "水稻品种多样性混栽持续控制稻瘟病研究", 《中国农业科学》, vol. 36, no. 2, 31 December 2003 (2003-12-31) * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206220A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Mixed sowing and companion planting method for ensuring rice production safety |
| CN106804348A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-09 | 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of paddy rice companion planting method |
| CN105660382A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 山东省水稻研究所 | Rice breeding method |
| CN105660382B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-10-03 | 山东省水稻研究所 | A kind of rice breeding method |
| CN106561367A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-19 | 湖南农业大学 | Paddy rice mixed sowing and mechanical transplanting cultivation method |
| CN107750845A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 海南大学 | A kind of green planting method of rice field disease and pest control |
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| CN103975810B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180529 Address after: 311100 Shun Feng Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, No. 528 Patentee after: Zhejiang Yu Yu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Address before: 314001 Zhejiang Jiaxing Zhongshan West Road, capital business building 409 Patentee before: Jie Nong bio tech ltd, Zhejiang |
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