CN106804348A - A kind of paddy rice companion planting method - Google Patents
A kind of paddy rice companion planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106804348A CN106804348A CN201510851071.7A CN201510851071A CN106804348A CN 106804348 A CN106804348 A CN 106804348A CN 201510851071 A CN201510851071 A CN 201510851071A CN 106804348 A CN106804348 A CN 106804348A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of paddy rice companion planting method, including：(1) from kind based on the excellent rice varieties of Comprehensive Traits, from the different types of mutant from the basic silkworm race as companion planting collocation kind；There is at least one different excellent economical character between different types of mutant；(2) after the seed of the basic silkworm race and collocation kind is mixed, seedling, transplanting；(3) field management；(4) harvest.The Mutant Rice source that the present invention is utilized is identical, and companion planting is carried out with basic silkworm race, and rice quality, nutrition are more homogeneous.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to paddy rice field, specially a kind of paddy rice companion planting method.
Background technology
At present, rice biological diversity companion planting is typically, using high, short difference between Different Rice Varieties, fully to coordinate light, temperature, fertile resource.By Mixture interplanting, reach abundant paddy rice farmland variety diversity, enhancing agricultural ecological stability, strengthens Rice Physiological quality, improves the ability of Resistant, effectively mitigate the harm of disease pest, both pesticide dosage is reduced, pollution of agricultural products is reduced again, be the effective way for developing high-yield and high-efficiency agricultural at present, be peasant increase production, increase income, a practical technique of synergy, with fairly obvious economic benefit, ecological benefits, social benefit and sustainability.In the more production for being applied to prevent and treat rice blast of rice biological diversity companion planting, Chinese patent literature such as Publication No. CN1309886 discloses a kind of rice blast controlling techn utilizing genetic diversity of rice, keep the planting type of current hybrid paddy rice, the spacing in the rows of rice-cultivating, line-spacing and density are identical with conventional method, 1 row bar fine quality paddy rice high being planted in the hybrid paddy rice Tanaka of short-stalked variety every 4~8 rows more, bar fine quality high is higher than short-stalked variety more than 20 centimetres, the hereditary difference for covering two kinds planted is RGA fingerprint differences more than 10%, within maturity period differs 40 days.Although the patent can make paddy rice, different genotype kind realizes mutual supplement with each other's advantages, but because the rice varieties selected are formed not directed to property seed selection, its source is inconsistent, streaking one, breeding time, agronomic characteristics and purposes are also entirely different, generally need by kind individually transplant in practical manner to plant and harvest, also needed on field management measure by kind liquid manure and spray several times, the low amount of labour used of efficiency is big, particularly complicated including seeming under the production cost including labor cost year by year increased background.The Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN101697701B discloses a kind of based on the rice mixed planting method for improving rice matter raising yield, and step is as follows：(1) select No. 5 in Hubei Province, three kinds of rice varieties of E Xiang 1 and Jianzhen No. 2 are mixed seeding varieties of plant；(2) sowed between May 5 in April 10 in 27-33 ° of region of north latitude；(3) will in mass ratio be 5: 2: 3 well mixed before the seed sowing of kind selected by step；(4) by wide-narrow row planting, i.e., wide row line-spacing is 30cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 16.5cm, and spacing in the rows is 14.7-16.5cm, and density is 1.738 ten thousand caves to 1.95 ten thousand caves per 666.7m2；(5) in rice at whole growth periods, purity nitrogen 11-12kg is applied per 666.7m2, wherein base fertilizer accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 20-25%, promotees fertilizers for potted flowers and accounts for 0-10%, protects fertilizers for potted flowers and accounts for 10-15%；N: P2O5: K2O mass ratio is 1: 0.4-0.5: 0.8-1.The patent carries out mixed seeding by three rice varieties for selecting breeding time close, although reducing the complexity of plantation and field management to a certain extent, but rice yield is still relatively low, less than 600kg/ mus, and the rice genetic background difference of different cultivars is big, the quality of rice, nutrition is caused to there is larger difference, the rice of acquisition has that quality, nutrition are inhomogenous.
The content of the invention
For the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of paddy rice companion planting method, and Rice Population can have various excellent economical characters concurrently, it is possible to increase Rice Population improves rice yield to the resistance of pest and disease damage, and can obtain the more uniform rice of quality, nutrition.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and uses following technical scheme：
A kind of paddy rice companion planting method, including：
(1) from kind based on the excellent rice varieties of Comprehensive Traits, from the different types of mutant from the basic silkworm race as companion planting collocation kind；There is at least one different excellent economical character between different types of mutant；
(2) after the seed of the basic silkworm race and collocation kind is mixed, seedling, transplanting；
(3) field management；
(4) harvest.
The paddy rice companion planting kind used in the present invention includes basic silkworm race and collocation kind, wherein basic silkworm race can be (such as pest-resistant using the Comprehensive Traits commonly used in agricultural production, it is disease-resistant, high yield, rice quality is excellent) excellent rice varieties, and kind of arranging in pairs or groups is then different types of mutant, due to having different excellent economical characters between different types of mutant, so, after companion planting, Rice Population can be made to have various good characteristics concurrently, abundant farmland rice varieties diversity, enhancing agricultural ecological stability, improve the overall qualities of paddy rice, mitigate pest and disease damage, improve rice yield.Described excellent economical character is strong bar disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high, many tillers or resistance to dense planting.In addition, all mutant of the invention derive from same foundation kind, originate identical, due in rice breeding, the seed selection of rice mutant is directed to what specific economical character target was carried out, and others economical character is approximate with basic silkworm race, so all of mutant is in addition to specific economical character, remaining economical character is more consistent, it is also more consistent with basic silkworm race, that is genetic background difference between all companion planting rice varieties is little, so that ensure the homogeneity of rice quality, nutrition, while also more unified and simple in field management.
Preferably, described excellent economical character is strong bar disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high, many tillers or resistance to dense planting.
Preferably, in described basic silkworm race and collocation kind, the breeding time of any two rice varieties differs 0~10 day.
Preferably, described basic silkworm race is " raising rice No. 6 ", described mutant is at least two in " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " many fringe rice in Zhejiang ".
Preferably, described basic silkworm race is " raising rice No. 6 ", described mutant is " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " many fringe rice in Zhejiang ".
Preferably, when seed mixes, the quantity ratio of the seed of the basic silkworm race and collocation kind is 1：1.
Preferably, the quantity of different type mutant seeds is identical.
Preferably, in step (4), with rice varieties 93 at the latest of ripe phase~
Harvested during 96% yellow maturity.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：(1) the Mutant Rice source that the present invention is utilized is identical, and companion planting is carried out with basic silkworm race, and rice quality, nutrition are more homogeneous.(2) present invention uses the mutant of identical source, in addition to special economical character (the targetedly excellent economical character target i.e. in mutant Breeding Process), its maturation time, other economical characters and resistance level are basically identical, it is not only more simple in seedling with the operation selection transplanted, also it is more unified and actual efficient on the field management measure of companion planting, it is easy to dart transfer to realize increasing income.(3) although Mutant Rice of the invention is derived from same foundation kind, but actually still equivalent to different types of common rice variety matching, have the good characteristic of each mutant concurrently, the variety matching of science and rational space utilization can be realized, enhancing Resistant is more beneficial for and is improved yield potentiality.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：By quality indica raise rice No. 6 based on paddy rice companion planting method
The selection basic silkworm race of the present embodiment 1 is quality indica " raising rice No. 6 " and its strong bar disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high, many tillers mutation paddy rice.Basic silkworm race " raises rice No. 6 ", it is Inst. of Agricultural Science, Lixiahe Prefecture, Jiangsu Prov.'s seed selection, first pass through Jiangsu Province, Anhui Province and Hubei Province's crop varietal approval committee after, in 1997 in 2000 in 2001, it is the slow ripe conventional rice kinds of middle Xian of the excellent protrusion of proterties, the kind can be purchased from Inst. of Agricultural Science, Lixiahe Prefecture, Jiangsu Prov..
Disease-resistant mutation paddy rice " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", is that the strong paddy rice of the plant type extreme compactness of No. 6 seed selections of rice, anti-banded sclerotial blight ability is raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, can tolerate the performance of high-density planting condition and increase production disease-resistant, 2012
January in year is to the application protection of New species right in plant protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number：CNA008767E.The kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Tall and big strong bar is mutated paddy rice " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", is the thick anti-fall paddy rice of tall and big bar that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, more than 180 centimetres of plant height; cane is sturdy; lodging tolerance is strong, and in January, 2012 is to the application protection of New species right in plant protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number：CNA008768E.The kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Pest-resistant mutation paddy rice " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", is that No. 6 insect-proof rices of seed selection of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, and with excellent against-plant hopper characteristic, in January, 2013 is to the application protection of New species right in plant protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, notification number：CNA010401E.The kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
Many tillers are mutated paddy rice " many fringe rice in Zhejiang ", are many tiller paddy rice that No. 6 seed selections of rice are raised in Zhejiang University's mutagenesis, tillering ability extra-heavy, and up to more than 40, in January, 2014 is to the application protection of New species right in plant protection office of the Ministry of Agriculture, application number for general tiller：20140297.2.The kind is purchased from Zhejiang University.
" raising rice No. 6 " seed for taking 50% (seed grain number) and the full seed of " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " many fringe rice in Zhejiang " that respectively accounts for 12.5%, made thinner before sowing even solarization seed 1 day, used after uniform mixing Prochloraz (concentration for：75 kilograms of 2 milliliters of Prochloraz active compounds water distribution) seed soaking, vernalization, by every mu of requirement of 35 kilograms of sowing quantity using light seeding, it is even broadcast by the way of cultivate strong seedling, handwork transplant is carried out after 30 day length of time rice seedlings grow, line-spacing is 23.5 centimetres, spacing in the rows is 16.5 centimetres, in addition to banded sclerotial blight and planthopper reduce preventing and treating number of times, remaining carries out field management according to a conventional method.
Common rice nursery period, will prevent and treat small brown rice planthopper and rice thripses 1 time, and tillering stage will prevent and treat rice blast 1 time, banded sclerotial blight 1
It is secondary, preventing and treating snout moth's larva, rice leaf roller 1 time, planthopper 1 time；Heading stage will prevent and treat rice blast, false smut, bacterial leaf-blight 1-2 times, preventing and treating snout moth's larva, rice leaf roller 1 time, planthopper 1 time, maturity period preventing and treating planthopper 1
Secondary, using the paddy rice of companion planting method of the present invention, the tolerance of banded sclerotial blight and pest-resistant (planthopper) is significantly improved, and tillering stage can reduce sheath blight disease controlling 1 time, can reduce planthopper 1 time；Heading stage or maturity period can reduce planthopper and prevent and treat 1 time, during present invention experiment, the medicament for preventing planthopper is Buprofezin (buprofezin), concentration is 25%, the amount of spraying is 750g/ mus, it is love seedling (Difenoconazole, propiconazole) to prevent and treat the medicament of banded sclerotial blight, concentration is 30%, the amount of spraying is 20 milliliters/mu (note, pest-resistant, the disease-resistant characteristics exhibit of the present embodiment is in the level of against-plant hopper and banded sclerotial blight, referring to conventional control medicament, here is omitted for the preventing and treating of remaining pest and disease damage).Received as ripeness standard machine with " many fringes in Zhejiang " 95% yellow maturity and harvested.
In growth period duration of rice, growing state such as plant height, tiller, pest-resistant characteristic etc. to paddy rice are investigated, identified checking the exterior quality of paddy rice after results.
1st, assessment resistance standard of the paddy rice to banded sclerotial blight：
According to state of an illness composite index (SDI), morbidity, i.e. SDI=0 are not found after every inoculation (rice seedling) is immunization type, SDI=0~1.50 for height it is anti-；SDI=1.51~3.00 for disease-resistant；SDI=3.01~4.50 be in resist；SDI=4.51~6.00 it is susceptible；The middle sense of SDI=6.01~7.50；The sense high of SDI=7.51~9.00.Referring to：Wang Ling, Huang Wenwen, Liu Lianmeng, Fu Qiang, evaluation s of the yellow generation text to southern china part indica hybrid rice sharp eyespot resistance《Acta Agronomica Sinica》2011.
2nd, assessment resistance standard of the paddy rice to planthopper：
Investigated in the maturity period of paddy rice, according to the extent of injury of worm, not aggrieved 0 grade is immunization type；It is aggrieved it is light, 1 grade be high anti-；1-2 end of blade are orange-yellow, and plant is pest-resistant, and 3 grades is anti-；Occur it is short, more than half leaf in orange-yellow, 5 grades be in resist；Plant is downgraded, and 1/2 to 1/3
It is sense that above plant is withered；Plant is all withered, and 9 grades are felt for high.Referring to：Wild rice is to brown back rice plant hopper and the Resistance Identification insect knowledge of white backed planthopper, 1992
1st phase.
3rd, the exterior quality of paddy rice：Appearance Quality of Paddy Rice includes chalk rice rate and Chalkiness size, the index such as rice kernel shape (length/width ratio) and transparency.The exterior quality of the paddy rice of present invention results is checked, it is found that the appearance transparent of companion planting kind rice is homogeneous, substantially white without chalk, particle shape is particle shape long, and length and width and its ratio are basically identical, without obvious difference rice composite character.
Table 1 by quality indica raise rice No. 6 based on various good characteristic water such as strong bar disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high
The yield of the companion planting of rice, quality and disease and insect resistance compare
| Kind | Plant height（cm） | Tiller（It is individual） | Breeding time（My god） | Banded sclerotial blight | Planthopper | Exterior quality | Yield（Kg/ mus） |
| Raise rice No. 6 | 109 | 12 | 131 | Sense | Height sense | It is transparent homogeneous | 651 |
| The close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 | 112 | 15 | 132 | It is anti- | Height sense | It is transparent homogeneous | 671 |
| Zhejiang rice No. 1 | 185 | 8 | 133 | Sense | Sense | It is transparent homogeneous | 681 |
| The anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 | 108 | 11 | 131 | Sense | It is anti- | It is transparent homogeneous | 659 |
| The many fringe rice in Zhejiang | 102 | 45 | 137 | Height sense | Height sense | It is transparent homogeneous | 636 |
| Companion planting kind（The present invention） | 112 | 15 | 135 | In resist | In resist | It is transparent homogeneous | 712 |
As shown in table 1, the method for taking basic cultivar and its mutant mixed culture, combine variety comparative test through crop field yield, show that different cultivars plant height and maturation time are slightly separated from field planting, but range of variation will not significantly affect harvest time, the breeding time of companion planting colony is 135 days, differ only 2 with other rice varieties~
4 days, but the Disease and insect resistance of companion planting colony is significantly more excellent, resist in such as being can reach to rice sheath blight disease and planthopper, its yield level is significantly higher than the yield of basic silkworm race and single mutating variety, per per mu yield up to 712 kilograms, per mu yield improves 31~76kg.
General principle of the invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above; it should be understood by those skilled in the art that; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments; merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment and specification; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible; these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of paddy rice companion planting method, it is characterised in that including：
(1) from kind based on the excellent rice varieties of Comprehensive Traits, from the different types of mutant from the basic silkworm race as companion planting collocation kind；There is at least one different excellent economical character between different types of mutant；
(2) after the seed of the basic silkworm race and collocation kind is mixed, seedling, transplanting；
(3) field management；
(4) harvest.
2. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described excellent economical character is strong bar disease-resistant, pest-resistant, high, many tillers or resistance to dense planting.
3. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described basic silkworm race and collocation kind, the breeding time of any two rice varieties differs 0~10 day.
4. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described basic silkworm race is " raising rice No. 6 ", described mutant is at least two in " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " many fringe rice in Zhejiang ".
5. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 4, it is characterised in that described basic silkworm race is " raising rice No. 6 ", described mutant is " the close rice in Zhejiang No. 1 ", " Zhejiang rice No. 1 ", " the anti-rice in Zhejiang No. 1 " and " many fringe rice in Zhejiang ".
6. the quantity ratio of the seed of the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that when seed mixes, the basic silkworm race and collocation kind is 1：1.
7. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 6, it is characterised in that the quantity of different type mutant seeds is identical.
8. the paddy rice companion planting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), with rice varieties 93 at the latest of ripe phase~
Harvested during 96% yellow maturity.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101697701A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-04-28 | 华中农业大学 | Method for planting rice by mixed seeding based on rice quality improvement and yield increment |
| CN103975810A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江杰农生物科技有限公司 | Rice companion planting method |
| CN104206220A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Mixed sowing and companion planting method for ensuring rice production safety |
| CN104303989A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid rice seed breeding method |
-
2015
- 2015-11-30 CN CN201510851071.7A patent/CN106804348A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101697701A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-04-28 | 华中农业大学 | Method for planting rice by mixed seeding based on rice quality improvement and yield increment |
| CN103975810A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江杰农生物科技有限公司 | Rice companion planting method |
| CN104303989A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid rice seed breeding method |
| CN104206220A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Mixed sowing and companion planting method for ensuring rice production safety |
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