CN1039357A - 具有协同作用的药物组合物 - Google Patents

具有协同作用的药物组合物 Download PDF

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CN1039357A
CN1039357A CN89104648A CN89104648A CN1039357A CN 1039357 A CN1039357 A CN 1039357A CN 89104648 A CN89104648 A CN 89104648A CN 89104648 A CN89104648 A CN 89104648A CN 1039357 A CN1039357 A CN 1039357A
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金榮卨
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/425Thiazoles
    • A61K31/429Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/43Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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Abstract

药用组合物,其包括舒巴克坦或其药用盐和甲烯氨苄青霉素或其药用盐。该组合物显示了协同作用,协同作用是指具有比单独使用某一成分更大的抗菌作用。

Description

舒巴克坦是已知的β-内酰胺抗菌素,其本身具有抗菌活性,它对β-内酰胺酶有强抑制作用,这是因为它与β-内酰胺酶产生不可逆结合,从而降低了β-内酰胺酶活性。已知当舒巴克坦用来与其它β-内酰胺抗菌素联用时,可使抗菌活性出人意料地增强〔Fu,K.P和Neu,H.C.Comparative    inhivision    of    β-lactamase    bynovel    β-lactam    Compoun    s,Antimicrob    Agents和Chemother。15,171-6(1979)〕。
甲烯氨苄青霉素也是已知的β-内酰胺抗菌素,但其抗微生物活性由于β-内酰胺酶作用而大大降低,因而现今不常使用(英国专利号1081,093)。
事实上已知当头孢菌素和青霉素与少量克拉维酸或舒巴克坦联用时,活性大大增强〔Greenwood,D和Eley,A,:In-Vitro    evaluation    of    sulbactam,a    penicillanic    acid    sulfone    wifh    β-lactan    inhibitory    properties    Antimicrob    chemother    10,117-123(1982)〕。
人们在头孢菌素和青霉素与少量克拉维酸或舒巴克坦联用方面进行了大量研究。但到目前为止,还没有人对舒巴克坦与甲烯氨苄青霉素联用进行研究。
本发明提供了具有协同作用的药物组合物,该组合物可用于治疗哺乳动物的细菌感染。该组合物含有舒巴克坦或其药用盐和甲烯氨苄青霉素或其药用盐。
本发明涉及一新的药用组合物。具体讲,本发明涉及药用的抗菌组合物,它含有舒巴克坦〔青霉素酸1,1-二氧化物〕或其药用盐和甲烯氨苄青霉素或其药用盐,它具有突出的抗致病菌的协同作用。上述药用盐是指青霉素酸衍生物与金属(如钠,钾和钙)、氨和胺(如普鲁卡因,二苄基胺,N-苄基-β-苯乙基胺,1-乙胺(1-ethanamine),N,N-二苄基-1,2-乙二胺等)所形成的盐。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种对于可耐受常规青霉素的致病菌具有协同抗菌作用的抗微生物组合物。
组合物中舒巴克坦与甲烯氨苄青霉素的适宜比例可根据致病菌类型或患者症状而改变,但一般在从1∶10到10∶1范围内(有效比例期间内)。
本发明的药用抗菌组合物可单独用药也可按与药用载体或稀释剂相混和的形式用药。它们可口服也可作肠道给药。
本发明者分离出了对青霉素有抗性的致病菌并研究发现,由对青霉素有抗性的致病菌产生的β内酰胺酶的活性可因单独加舒巴克坦(以下称之为“化合物A”),单独加甲烯氨苄青霉素(以下称之为“化合物Ⅰ”)和加舒巴克坦与甲烯氨苄青霉素的混合物(以下称之为“混合物A+I”)而改变或不改变。
1.实验方法:
1)临床分离出的菌株:
菌株是从Saint    Mother医院的肺炎患者中分离出的。对该分离菌株进行了传代培养,然后用于本实验中。
表Ⅰ列出了这些菌株。MIC试验通过用表Ⅱ所列菌株进行。
表Ⅰ
肺炎克氏杆菌    9
粘质赛氏杆菌    3
表皮葡萄球菌    2
阴沟肠杆菌    9
普通变形菌    1
奇异变形菌    1
乙酸钙不动杆菌    1
表Ⅱ
化合物Ⅰ对标准菌株的MIC(μg/ml)
化合物Ⅰ
金黄色葡萄球菌A.6538P    1
大肠杆菌A.25922    4
肺炎克氏杆菌H7-9    100
粘质赛氏杆菌YH.S3    100
表皮葡萄球菌A.12228    16
阴沟肠杆菌H30-4    2
普通变形菌A.6059    1
奇异变形菌A.25933    1
铜绿假单胞菌A.27853    4
2.使用的抗菌素
将化合物A和化合物I溶于蒸馏水,然后过滤,再无菌消毒。
3.根据固体培养稀释法进行的活性试验(MIC试验):
该试验按照下面由日本化疗会志〔化疗29.76-79(1981)〕建议的MIC试验方法的修正方法进行。
1)化合物I的MIC测定:
准备含100,8,4,2,1和0.1μg/ml化合物I的NB琼脂皿,然后把各培养皿按各试验组进行分组。将于37℃过夜培养的试验菌株划痕到不同浓度的培养皿上。该培养皿于37℃过夜培养,将未观察到菌株生长的培养皿中的抗菌素浓度定为MIC。
2)化合物A的MIC测定:
准备含128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1,0.1μg/ml(化合物A的琼脂皿,然后将这些培养皿分成相应的试验组。
将上面试验1)选出的菌株接种到NB液体培养皿中,然后于37℃过夜培养后,划痕到上面制备的琼脂培养皿上。该培养皿于37℃过夜培养,将未观察到菌株生长的培养皿中的抗菌素浓度定为MIC。
4.化合物A+I混合物的活性试验(协同活性):
准备含100,16,8,4,2,1,0.1μg/ml化合物I的琼脂培养皿,同时含16μg/ml化合物A(相当于四分之一化合物AMIC)以及上述7种浓度的化合物I的琼脂培养皿和只含16μg/ml的琼脂培养皿,然后分成相应的试验组。将在NB培养基中于37℃过夜培养的试验菌株划痕到所准备的培养皿上。
测定单独的化合物I及化合物I与化合物A形成的每一个混合物的抗菌活性并相互比较,测定协同活性。
5.结果:
1)化合物I对标准菌株的MIC
测定化合物对标准菌株的MIC,结果见表Ⅱ。对于抗金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌、普通变形菌和奇异变形菌的标准菌株,化合物I显示出敏感性。
至此,临床分离的菌株中的上述几种标准菌株显示了敏感性。对于临床上分离出的菌株中对化合物I有抗性的菌株是否对化合物A+I有敏感性,也进行了试验。
2)化合物A对选出的菌株的MIC
测定化合物对选出的34种菌株的MIC,结果见表Ⅲ,化合物A的一栏。化合物A对选出的34种菌株的MIC在64μg/ml至128μg/ml的范围。即MIC为64μg/ml时是10种菌株,MIC为128μg/ml时是9种菌株,MIC大于128μg/ml时是15种菌株。
3)化合物I+化合物A混合物的MIC
不显示敏感性的化合物A浓度为16μg/ml(四分之一化合物A的MIC),当化合物I以一系列稀释浓度分别与此浓度化合物A混合物时,测定化合物I的活性。表Ⅲ给出了化合物I与化合物A混合物的活性。
在总共34种菌株中,化合物I对30种菌株的MIC都降低了,程度从最小4倍到最大100倍甚至更高。尤其在每个金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的8种菌株中有7种菌株的MIC降低了。
表3
化合物A+化合物I混合物对对于化合物I
有抵抗力菌株的活性
Figure 891046488_IMG2
表3(续)
Figure 891046488_IMG3
*菌株是分别从不同患者分离得到的。
上面的数据表明本发明组合物对那些对青霉素有抵抗力的致病菌具有出人意料的协同作用。
急性毒性:
10只4-5周龄的ICR种雄鼠通过注射器口服实例1的制剂,2天后观察这些鼠。
LD50(mg/kg)超过10,000。
实例1
甲烯氨苄青霉素    1g
舒巴克坦    0.5g
将上述组分充入5ml小瓶中,同时添加蒸馏水。
实施例2
甲烯氨苄青霉素钠    2g
舒巴克坦钠    1g
将上面组分充入10ml瓶中,同时添加蒸馏水。

Claims (3)

1、制备一具有协同作用的药物组合物方法,其中包括将舒巴克坦或其药用盐和甲烯氨苄青霉素或其药用盐作为有效成份。
2、根据权利要求1方法,其中在用作针剂的药物组合物中,按常规方法将有效成份与用于针剂的常规载体,稀释剂,稳定剂相混合。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中药物组合物中的有效成份按1∶9至9∶1的比例混合。
CN89104648A 1988-07-08 1989-07-08 具有协同作用的药物组合物的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1055390C (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0606506A1 (en) * 1993-01-12 1994-07-20 Yeong Sul Kim Beta-lactamase resistant antibacterial composition

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS6056160B2 (ja) * 1977-06-07 1985-12-09 フアイザ−・インコ−ポレ−テツド β−ラクタマ−ゼ阻害剤としてのペニシラン酸1,1−ジオキシド
US4234579A (en) * 1977-06-07 1980-11-18 Pfizer Inc. Penicillanic acid 1,1-dioxides as β-lactamase inhibitors
US5049384A (en) * 1988-07-08 1991-09-17 Kim Young S Antibacterial composition for medical use and a process for the preparation thereof

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EP0362490B1 (en) 1994-04-13
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DE68914569T2 (de) 1994-08-25
ES2063079T3 (es) 1995-01-01
KR900006980B1 (ko) 1990-09-25
AU633834B2 (en) 1993-02-11
KR900001371A (ko) 1990-02-27
EP0362490A3 (en) 1990-09-05
EP0362490A2 (en) 1990-04-11
CN1055390C (zh) 2000-08-16
JPH0791189B2 (ja) 1995-10-04
CA1336412C (en) 1995-07-25
KR900002681A (ko) 1990-02-28
KR900006981B1 (ko) 1990-09-25
JPH02104528A (ja) 1990-04-17

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