CN103918447A - Coix lacryma-jobi float breeding method and breeding nutrient solution used in method - Google Patents
Coix lacryma-jobi float breeding method and breeding nutrient solution used in method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103918447A CN103918447A CN201410150822.8A CN201410150822A CN103918447A CN 103918447 A CN103918447 A CN 103918447A CN 201410150822 A CN201410150822 A CN 201410150822A CN 103918447 A CN103918447 A CN 103918447A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coix lacryma-jobi float breeding method and a breeding nutrient solution used in the method. The method comprises the steps of building a float breeding pond, preparing a breeding matrix, panning the matrix, conducting seeding, placing a floating disc, preparing the nutrient solution, taking breeding management measures and conducting exercising seedling. The volume ratio of the breeding matrix is prepared according to the fact that yellow loam: plant ash: perlite: pig manure is 4:2:2:2, the yellow loam is smashed firstly and then sieved, the plant ash, the perlite and the pig manure are evenly mixed, and are evenly wetted by clean water with the 5 percent of matrix, and a plastic thin film conducts covering, heating and thorough decomposing for 10 days. The breeding nutrient solution comprises, by weight, 29.4 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1.0 part of microelement, 17.4 parts of coarse whiting, 16.2 parts of additives and 36.0 parts of potassium sulphate. The coix lacryma-jobi float breeding matrix and the nutrient solution are elaborately prepared according to the requirement of the coix lacryma-jobi production and development for the nutrition, the coix lacryma-jobi float breeding method is different from other crop breeding methods, and the matrix and nutrient solution preparation is simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Job's tears seedling-cultivating method, be specifically related to the floating seedlings culturing method in a kind of Job's tears field planting.The invention still further relates to aforesaid Job's tears seedling-cultivating method grow seedling nutritional liquid used.
Background technology
Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) has another name called seed of Job's tears, maize, and a kind of medicine-food two-purpose economic crops for grass family Coix, have important medical value and high nutritive value.The kind benevolence of Job's tears removal shell and kind skin is used as medicine, and has invigorating spleen to remove dampness, clearing away heat and eliminating pus function.One of food resource that Semen Coicis You Shi China is traditional, can make congee, meal, various wheaten food edible for people, and especially more suitable to the old and the weak patient, its nutritive value can be rated as the king of gramineous plants.Guizhou Province's Affected It In Qianxinan is one of national Job's tears major production areas, and planting scale remains on 400,000 mu of left and right throughout the year, in Guizhou " 12 " planning, will plan 1,000,000 mu of plantations, and its output value will reach 8,000,000,000 yuan, be Guizhou characteristic pillar industry.
The problems such as in Job's tears planting process, it is live as main that tradition be take in peasant household, but because the reason such as arid, soil be barren, and Job's tears emergence rate is low, emerges irregular, and growing way is poor have a strong impact on growing way and the output in Job's tears later stage.Aborning, part is planted family and is adopted traditional nutritive cube, nutrition ball method for culturing and transplanting seedlings, but because wasting time and energy, and the reasons such as inefficiency are failed spread.
In agricultural production, floating seedlings technology is up-to-date to be proposed by the U.S., the core content of floating seedlings is the preparation of seedling-cultivating method and matrix and nutrient solution, therefore the method that different crops adopts when adopting floating seedlings and matrix, nutrient solution etc. all differ widely, therefore be also difficult to generally, domestic not yet can finding is applicable to the floating seedlings culturing method of Job's tears and matrix thereof, nutrient solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency existing for Job's tears seedling breeding in prior art, a kind of Job's tears industrialization floating seedlings culturing method and nutrient solution used thereof are provided, the method is practical, easy and simple to handle, with low cost, with strong points, and industrialization is effective, Job's tears seed planting percent is high, seed sprouting is neat, seedling grows fine, without damage by disease and insect, resistance, high quality seedling can be provided aborning.
For realizing object of the present invention; the present invention has adopted such technical scheme: for encounter problems and restrict large-scale production in Job's tears seedling breeding process always; known by patent and pertinent literature retrieval, both at home and abroad without any pertinent literature report and patent protection about Job's tears floating seedlings.Given this, by the research of 3 years by a definite date of this project team, particularly, according to the nutritional need rule in Job's tears seedling raising process, successfully make Job's tears floating seedlings dedicated substrate and nutrient solution, successfully solved the key problem of Job's tears floating seedlings.By the improvement of floating seedlings culturing method is carried out to floating seedlings in conjunction with self-control matrix and nutrient solution, its seed sprouting is neat, and seedling grows fine, without damage by disease and insect, resistance, and high quality seedling can be provided aborning.
Thinking based on above-mentioned, the method for Job's tears floating seedlings of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Flotage seedling raising pool is set up: addressing principle, excavation specification, scaffolding; (2) preparation of seedling medium: matrix is yellow soil: ash: perlite: pig manure, volume ratio=4: 2: 2: 2, during substrate preparation, must first yellow soil be pulverized, sieve, again ash, perlite, pig manure are mixed.With the clear water of matrix weight 5%, carry out evenly moisteningly, with plastic film, cover heating and become thoroughly decomposed 10 days.(3) sabot of matrix: the specification (length * wide * height=595 * 393 * 55 (mm), hole is arranged as 18 * 11 holes) that floating seedling tray adopts, the matrix of having mixed is evenly packed in seedling-cultivating tray, scrape off the surface dust that exceeds card.(4) sowing: the Job's tears seed soaking after 24 hours is pressed in the matrix in sieve aperture, after seed is sowed, then spills the matrix covering that one deck is thin; (5) floating dish puts: after finishing kind, will float dish and be placed in nursery pond, and according to nursery pond neat specification, arrange, and guarantee to float to coil and swim on the water surface.(6) the floating seedlings special nutrient fluid of Job's tears preparation: (ammonium nitrate 29.4g, micro-1.0g, coarse whiting 17.4g, additive 16.2g in the special-purpose grow seedling nutritional liquid of Job's tears 100g, potassium sulfate 36.0g), according to 100 portions of nutrient solutions of parts by weight, comprise 29.4 parts, ammonium nitrate, 1.0 parts of trace elements, 17.4 parts of coarse whitings, 16.2 parts of additives, 36.0 parts of potassium sulfates.From sowing to growing to the 4th cotyledon, Job's tears needs about 50 days altogether, at this moment section in, different requirements according to Job's tears to nutrient solution, be divided into three phases: (the first stage: in 15 days from sowing starting, the nutrient solution in this stage be take natural minerals water as main, changes a natural water every 5 days; Second stage: within the 15th day to the 30th day from sowing starts, changed one time natural minerals water every 5 days, add the 5% Job's tears nutrient solution with natural water volume in nursery pond at every turn in water; Phase III: after sowing 30 starting, during this period, changed natural minerals water once every 10 days, add 8% Job's tears nutrient solution of natural water volume in nursery pond).(7) seedling management measure: force water and fertilizer management between nursery stage, temperature of shed must not surpass 40 degree, will take off in time film cooling when temperature is high, changes in time the water in nursery pond according to above-mentioned control measures, guarantees to float dish and swims on the water surface.(8) hardening: when seedling grows the 4th cotyledon, water in nursery pond is drained, can transplant 5 day after with atomizers spray blade face clear water every day.
Further, the excavation addressing principle of nursery pond is: Flotage seedling raising pool addressing is smooth in physical features, traffic convenience, water source convenient and the place of hidding and sunny side; Described excavation specification is: nursery pond adopts cement pit, keeps level at the bottom of pond, dark 20cm left and right, pond, and wide 2m left and right, must lay plastic film at the bottom of nursery pond, prevents seepage; Described scaffolding is: shed facility must be built in the top of nursery pond, shed upper cover white film, and the film of both sides is rolled or is put down.
The present invention has following technique effect: Job's tears levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance of the present invention, nutrient solution are according to Job's tears growth and development, the demand of nutrition to be prepared meticulously, are different from other crop.Its material source is extensive, with low cost, can gather materials on the spot.And nutrient solution is with low cost especially, environmentally safe, and matrix and compounding simple, easy to operate, the industrialization that is specially adapted to Job's tears is grown seedlings.Breeding method of the present invention is practical, with low cost, with strong points, and nursery effect is good, can promote aborning.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
(1) Flotage seedling raising pool is set up: addressing principle, and excavation specification and scaffolding:
Flotage seedling raising pool addressing is smooth in physical features, traffic convenience, water source convenient and the place of hidding and sunny side; Building pond method is: nursery pond adopts cement pit, keeps level at the bottom of pond, dark 20cm left and right, pond, wide 2m left and right, necessary film laying at the bottom of nursery pond; Described scaffolding is: shed facility must be built in the top of nursery pond, shed upper cover white film, and the film of both sides is rolled or is put down.
(2) preparation of seedling medium:
The floating matrix of Job's tears is yellow soil: ash: perlite: pig manure, and volume ratio=4: 2: 2: 2, during substrate preparation, must first yellow soil be pulverized, sieve, again ash, perlite, pig manure are mixed.Clear water with 5% carries out evenly moistening, with plastic film, covers and becomes thoroughly decomposed for 10 days.
(3) sabot of matrix:
The specification (length * wide * height=595 * 393 * 55 (mm), hole is arranged as 18 * 11 holes) that floating seedling tray adopts, evenly packs the matrix of having mixed in seedling-cultivating tray, scrapes off the matrix that exceeds card.
(4) sowing:
The seed that Job's tears was soaked after 24 hours is evenly pressed in matrix, after seed is sowed, then spills the matrix covering that one deck is thin.
(5) floating dish puts:
After finishing kind, will float dish and put to nursery pond, according to nursery pond neat specification, arrange, and guarantee to float to coil and swim on the water surface.
(6) nutritive liquid for floating breeding of Job's tears preparation:
Adopt formula for the water diluted for use of 100g grow seedling nutritional liquid (ammonium nitrate 29.4g, micro-1.0g, coarse whiting 17.4g, additive 16.2g, potassium sulfate 36.0g) by 3 times of amounts.
(7) the concrete using method of nutrient solution:
From sowing to the 4th cotyledon, grow, Job's tears needs about 50 days altogether, at this moment section in, different demands according to Job's tears to nutrient solution, be divided into three phases: (the first stage: in 15 days from sowing starting, the nutrient solution in this stage be take natural minerals water as main, changes a natural water, without Ensure Liquid liquid every 5 days.Second stage: within the 15th day to the 30th day from sowing starts, every 5 days, change one time natural minerals water, in water, add three times of dilutions of 5% Job's tears nutrition (ammonium nitrate 29.4g, micro-1.0g, coarse whiting 17.4g, the additive 16.2g in 100g grow seedling nutritional liquid with natural water volume in nursery pond at every turn, potassium sulfate 36.0g) three times of dilutions.Phase III: after sowing 30 starting, during this period, changed natural minerals water once every 10 days, add three times of dilutions of 8% Job's tears nutrition of natural water volume in nursery pond.
(8) seedling management measure:
Between nursery stage, strengthen water and fertilizer management, temperature of shed must not surpass 40 degree, will take off in time film cooling when temperature is high, according to above-mentioned control measures, changes in time the water in nursery pond, guarantees to float dish and swims on the water surface.
(9) hardening
When seedling grows the 4th cotyledon, water in nursery pond is drained, with atomizers spray blade face clear water, can transplant after 5 days every day.
Certainly, be more than concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, the present invention also has other embodiment, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, within all dropping on protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (6)
1. a Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method, comprise Flotage seedling raising pool foundation, the preparation of seedling medium, the sabot of matrix, sow, float that dish is put, compounding, seedling management measure and hardening, it is characterized in that: described seedling medium volume ratio is by yellow soil: ash: perlite: pig manure=4: 2: 2: 2, during substrate preparation, must first yellow soil be pulverized, sieve, again ash, perlite, pig manure are mixed and used the clear water of matrix weight 5% to carry out evenly moistening, with plastic film, cover heating and become thoroughly decomposed 10 days.
2. Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the specification that in the sabot process of described matrix, floating seedling tray adopts is length * wide * height=595 * 393 * 55mm, hole is arranged as 18 * 11 holes, during sabot, the matrix of having mixed is evenly packed in seedling-cultivating tray, scrape off the surface dust that exceeds card.
3. Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nutrient solution is the special-purpose grow seedling nutritional liquid of Job's tears, in its formula, according to weight proportion 100 g, comprise ammonium nitrate 29.4g, micro-1.0g, coarse whiting 17.4g, additive 16.2g, potassium sulfate 36.0g.
4. Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: from sowing to growing to the 4th cotyledon, Job's tears needs about 50 days altogether, at this moment, in section, be divided into three phases: the first stage: in 15 days from sowing starts, this stage was changed a natural minerals water every 5 days; Second stage: within the 15th day to the 30th day from sowing starts, changed one time natural minerals water every 5 days, add the special-purpose grow seedling nutritional liquid of 5% Job's tears with natural water volume in nursery pond at every turn in water; Phase III: after sowing 30 starting, during this period, changed natural minerals water once every 10 days, add the special-purpose grow seedling nutritional liquid of 8% Job's tears of natural water volume in nursery pond.
5. Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hardening is when seedling grows the 4th cotyledon, and water in nursery pond is drained, and can transplant 5 day after with atomizers spray blade face clear water every day.
6. the grow seedling nutritional liquid for coix seed floating seedlings culturing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to weight proportion 100g grow seedling nutritional liquid, comprise ammonium nitrate 29.4g, micro-1.0g, coarse whiting 17.4g, additive 16.2g, potassium sulfate 36.0g.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410150822.8A CN103918447B (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | A kind of Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method and grow seedling nutritional liquid used thereof |
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| CN201410150822.8A CN103918447B (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | A kind of Job's tears floating seedlings culturing method and grow seedling nutritional liquid used thereof |
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| CN103918447A true CN103918447A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| CN103918447B CN103918447B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109463225A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 运城学院 | A method of screening drought-enduring coix lacryma-jobi kind |
| CN109673430A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省山地农业机械研究所 | A kind of adlay implantation methods |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109673430A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省山地农业机械研究所 | A kind of adlay implantation methods |
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| CN103918447B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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