CN103910553B - A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particles and preparation method thereof, wherein according to parts by weight, the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle includes 25-45 parts of powder, by generating after kitchen waste microbiological treatment；25-35 parts of plant ash after being burnt by agricultural crop straw, is made after drying, milling, screening；5-10 parts of binder, remaining is one or more of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace-element fertilizer.Composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of the invention is graininess, and since inorganic fertilizer is wrapped in wherein, while plant ash has preferable suction-operated, so that nutrient releasing speed therein is slower, to make it have certain sustained release benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer granulated fertilizers produced using kitchen garbage, specifically eat
Kitchen rubbish is after microbial fermentation treated residue carries out washing desalination, high-temperature sterilization, compost, drying, crushing and vegetation
Ash, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, attapulgite, the mixing of EM bacterium solution carry out disc granulation into organic-inorganic composite fertilizer particle,
Belong to environment and resources domain.
Background technique
Currently, scale of urbanization constantly expands and the high concentration of urban population, people with China's rapid development of economy
The level of consumption be continuously improved, keep China's catering industry development scale big, express delivery is very fast, and the yield of kitchen garbage is also increasingly
It increases, the environmental pollution as caused by kitchen garbage is also increasingly severe.Kitchen garbage occurs mainly with hotel, hotel, street restaurant
Equal catering services, organ, school and employee dining room such as are served the meals at the places.Its is many kinds of, and complicated component mainly has hogwash
The wastes such as water, food residues, the animal and plant fat that can not be eaten again and grease.China most cities are to kitchen garbage at present
Management it is more chaotic, seriously affected the health of food safety and human body, affected The Surroundings in Cities and urban infrastructure
Effective use.Show that 660, China large- and-medium size cities generate every year at present according to the nearest statistics of house and town and country construction portion
Kitchen garbage amount up to 80,000,000 tons, and just increased with the speed of 8% or so annual growth, many large- and-medium size cities
Kitchen garbage does not carry out harmless treatment, is gone by individual's receipts for feeding pigs or producing gutter oil.Feed is made using kitchen garbage
Pig farm be distributed in the suburbs combination area of city and country mostly, the problems such as small scale, environment is dirty, unrest, difference, foul smell, mosquitos and flies, can not solve,
It is incompatible with ecological city as environment, the dead angle of health.Kitchen garbage is used to feed pigs or produce gutter oil simultaneously
There is also very big risk, the kitchen garbage without sterilizing contains the poisonous and harmful substances such as cholesterol, heavy metal.
Nutriment rich in kitchen garbage can become valuable resource by reasonable resource utilization.Mesh
The Main way of preceding domestic and international resource utilization has three Fertilizer Transformed, fodder, energy directions.The main way that Fertilizer Transformed utilizes
Diameter is Composting treatment.But compost, which exists, to be taken up a large area, long processing period, generates the disadvantages of stink, there is many places at present
Applied the processing method of novel environment friendly i.e. biochemical treatment process on the spot, kitchen garbage is poured on the spot in biochemical processor plus
Kitchen garbage can be degraded into powdered residue by entering certain microbial fermentation 1-2 days.The Residual organic matter dealt
Content is higher, can use as organic fertilizer, but the problem high there is also grease and salt content, and nutrient content is unbalanced,
Therefore to kitchen garbage, treated that residue is further processed is the thing being highly desirable.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of using kitchen garbage as the organic-inorganic of matrix object of the present invention is to provide in view of the defects existing in the prior art
Compound fertilizer granules and preparation method thereof, thus the kitchen rubbish also efficiently used while solving kitchen garbage environmental pollution
Rubbish is turned waste into wealth, and changes evil as benefit, and the resource benign cycle for realizing kitchen garbage utilizes, and realizes environmental area and agricultural neck
The perfect docking in domain.
The present invention to achieve the above object, adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle, by weight
Number meter,
Including 25-45 parts of powder, by being generated after kitchen waste microbiological treatment,
25-35 parts of plant ash after being burnt by agricultural crop straw, is made after drying, milling, screening；
5-10 parts of binder, remaining is one or more of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace-element fertilizer.
Further, the nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.
Further, the phosphate fertilizer is in monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate and nitrophosphate fertilizer
One or more.
Further, the potash fertilizer is one or more of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, include in the trace-element fertilizer boron element, Zn-ef ficiency, manganese element, ferro element, copper or
One or more of molybdenum element.
Further, the binder is attapulgite or kaolin.
A kind of preparation method of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle, comprises the technical steps that:
1), the residue that will be obtained after the processing of kitchen waste microorganism hot fermentation；
2), residue is washed, is stirred, and removes salinity and oil in the residue, later at a temperature of 50-60 °
Powder is made after then carrying out high pressure sterilization in drying；
3) sawdust, is added into the powder after drying, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the powder is adjusted between 25 to 35, so that
Moisture is 60%, while the EM bacterium solution for being added 0.1-0.5 parts carries out compost, reaches decomposed by 30 days or so compost；
4) compost after, will be decomposed crushes, and low temperature drying to water content is 20%, then adds 25-35 parts
Plant ash, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride and 5-10 parts of attapulgite warp
Blender is uniformly mixed to obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product；
5), composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product are granulated into organic nothing that diameter is 3-4mm on small-sized disc pelletizer
Then machine compound fertilizer granules at low temperature be dried to water content below 20%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1), composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of the invention is graininess, since inorganic fertilizer is wrapped in wherein, while plant ash
With preferable suction-operated, so that nutrient releasing speed therein is slower, to make it have certain sustained release benefit.
2), simple production process of the invention, raw material are easy to get.Host material used in the present invention is that kitchen waste is tentatively located
Residue after reason, raw material comes from daily life waste, low in cost, inexhaustible；Plant ash is useless after power plant burning
Gurry is agricultural production waste, from a wealth of sources, cheap；Remaining additive is common fertilizer.Device therefor is normal
Pulverizer, thermostatic drying chamber, granulating disc etc., production equipment is simple, and technical maturity is easy to industrialization.As long as slightly
It improves, existing fertilizer plant can direct plunge into production.
3), compound fertilizer's environmental pollution of the invention is small, safety and environmental protection.The inherently waste of host material used in the present invention
It recycles, does not consume outside resources, " three wastes " pollution will not be generated, production process energy conservation and environmental protection efficiently solves kitchen rubbish
Rubbish brings the problem of secondary pollution to urban infrastructure and environmental sanitation；Kitchen garbage residue can divide naturally in the soil
Solution, does not remain, does not have any pollution to environment in use, while having the long-lasting nature of improvement soil texture concurrently, is conducive to
The sustainable development of agricultural.
4), compound fertilizer's nutrient content of the invention is balanced, and potentiality to be exploited is big.Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in the present invention
The content of organic matter of grain is high, and N-P-K content is also higher, is able to satisfy the fertilizer demand of general crop, and especially growth cycle is
Medium-term and long-term crop.Simultaneously because nutriment needed for Soil Microorganism is directly or indirectly from organic substance, therefore make
With beneficial microorganism vigorous activity can be promoted when this fertiliser granulates, be conducive to the growth of crop.
Specific embodiment
Before implementing the present invention, can serve the meals hotel, hotel, catering trade, school, government bodies, unit dining room middle generation
Food residues, swill, the animals and plants recycled wood materials and oil water mixture that can not be eaten again carry out grease point using machinery
From after, dehydration, extreme themophile is added and carries out fermentation in 1-2 days in organic waste biochemical processor, will be generated after fermentation
Residue high pressure sterilization, be ground into the required following powders of the present invention.
The present invention is specially a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle, according to parts by weight,
Including 25-45 parts of powder, by being generated after kitchen waste microbiological treatment,
25-35 parts of plant ash after being burnt by agricultural crop straw, is made after drying, milling, screening；
5-10 parts of binder, remaining is one or more of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace-element fertilizer.
Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.The phosphate fertilizer
For one or more of monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate and nitrophosphate fertilizer.The potash fertilizer is sulphur
One or more of sour potassium, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.It include boron element, zinc member in the trace-element fertilizer
One or more of element, manganese element, ferro element, copper or molybdenum element.The binder is attapulgite or kaolin.
The preparation method of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle of the invention, comprises the technical steps that:
1), the residue that will be obtained after the processing of kitchen waste microorganism hot fermentation；
2), residue is washed, is stirred, and removes salinity and oil in the residue, later at a temperature of 50-60 °
Powder is made after then carrying out high pressure sterilization in drying；
3) sawdust, is added into the powder after drying, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the powder is adjusted between 25:1, so that its
Moisture is 60%, while the EM bacterium solution for being added 0.1-0.5 parts carries out compost, reaches decomposed by 30 days or so compost；
4) compost after, will be decomposed crushes, and low temperature drying to water content is 20%, then adds 25-35 parts
Plant ash, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride and 5-10 parts of attapulgite warp
Blender is uniformly mixed to obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product；
5), composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product are granulated into organic nothing that diameter is 3-4mm on small-sized disc pelletizer
Then machine compound fertilizer granules at low temperature be dried to water content below 20%.
The total nutrient in composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle of the invention is made between 25%-35%, most Canon reaches 30%.
It include nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P2O5) and effective potassium (K2O) in the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle；Nitrogen (N) content therein exists
Between 15%-25%, most Canon reaches 17%；Available phosphorus (P2O5) content is between 5-10%, and most Canon reaches 6%；Effective potassium
(K2O) content is between 5-10%, and most Canon reaches 7%；The above nutrient content meets the relevant criterion of country.
Here is specific implementation application of the fertilizer on pakchoi.
The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and Common compound fertilizer are done into the planting experiment that comparison carries out pakchoi, November 15 in 2013
Day start to plant, on January 10th, 2014 harvest, using etc. the fertilizer of weight tested as principle.The result shows that with common compound
Fertilizer is compared, and the yield of pakchoi of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer improves 36.4%, has reached 15.71t/hm2,；The solubility of pakchoi
Sugared content improves 24.6%, has reached 8.09%；Vitamin C content improves 26.2%, has reached 49.7mg/100g.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle, which is characterized in that comprise the technical steps that:
1), the residue that will be obtained after the processing of kitchen waste microorganism hot fermentation；
2), residue is washed, is stirred, and removes salinity and oil in the residue, later 50-60 ° at a temperature of dry,
Then powder is made after carrying out high pressure sterilization；
3) sawdust, is added into the powder after drying, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the powder is adjusted between 25 to 35, so that moisture
It is 60%, while the EM bacterium solution for being added 0.1-0.5 parts carries out compost, reaches decomposed by 30 days or so compost；
4) compost after, will be decomposed crushes, and low temperature drying to water content is 20%, then adds 25-35 parts of grass
Wood ash, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride and 5-10 parts of attapulgite is through stirring
Machine is mixed to be uniformly mixed to obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product；
5), composite organic-inorganic fertilizer semi-finished product are granulated into the organic and inorganic compound that diameter is 3-4mm on small-sized disc pelletizer
Then Hefei particle at low temperature be dried to water content below 20%.
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| CN104774050A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-15 | 柳州易农科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing organic fertilizer for crops |
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| CN106365734A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-01 | 广西平乐农药厂 | Chlorine-based composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106518333A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 河北绿碳生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of anticorrosive granular organic fertilizer by using kitchen waste as raw material |
| CN107141105A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州诺威施生物工程有限公司 | Organic-inorganic biological compound fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN107141040A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721640A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-23 | 芜湖继伟农业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the charcoal base microbe slow release fertilizer of EM bacterium fermented stalk |
| WO2019167036A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-06 | Dead Sea Works Ltd. | Potash dust granulation process |
| CN108689773A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-23 | 共同科技开发有限公司 | A kind of soil improvement organic fertilizer and preparation method and application containing plant waste |
| WO2019205455A1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | 淄博鸣桐环保技术研发有限公司 | Crop residue compound fertilizer |
| CN109053325A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 陕西腾昱环保科技有限公司 | A kind of kitchen garbage, biological bacterium organic fertilizer material and preparation method |
| CN109678594A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-26 | 龙蟒大地农业有限公司 | A kind of efficient composite organic fertilizer |
| CN114532183A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-27 | 叶崇阳 | Method for preparing soilless culture substrate by using food residues and other organic wastes |
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| CN102051335A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-05-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing microbial ecological agent by using kitchen garbage |
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