CN103880491B - Bio-organic fertilizer of a kind of prevention and control soil continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bio-organic fertilizer of a kind of prevention and control soil continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103880491B CN103880491B CN201410140192.6A CN201410140192A CN103880491B CN 103880491 B CN103880491 B CN 103880491B CN 201410140192 A CN201410140192 A CN 201410140192A CN 103880491 B CN103880491 B CN 103880491B
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to bio-organic fertilizer of a kind of prevention and control soil continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method thereof.This bio-organic fertilizer is mixed by 1:1 ~ 4 weight ratio with grouts solid fermentation thing by medical stone microbial inoculum, and under airtight condition of banking up, Secondary Fermentation 24-36 hour makes; In medical stone microbial inoculum, the viable bacteria amount of ACCC10388 is 4 × 10
8~ 5 × 10
8individual/gram; In described grouts solid fermentation thing, ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 viable bacteria content is 1 × 10
9~ 2 × 10
9individual/g.The present invention also provides preparation method and the application of this bio-organic fertilizer.Natural medical stone is combined with high-quality organism and beneficial microorganism by the present invention, plays its synergy, prepares the biological organic fertilizer with special-effect, realize intensive agriculture production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural intensive production.
Background
In recent years, the agricultural industrial structure of China is changed greatly, intensive planting development is fast, characteristic planting bases are formed, such as cucumber planting bases, tomato planting bases, green onion, ginger and garlic and other outdoor vegetable planting bases, and good economic benefits and social benefits are obtained, and the characteristic planting bases become the fields with the most international competitiveness in agriculture of China. The development of intensive agriculture not only greatly meets the requirement of improving the living standard of people, but also becomes an important means for transforming the traditional agriculture to move to the modern agriculture. However, due to habits, technical limitations, markets and other reasons, farmers often plant single crops on the same land, and unreasonable water and fertilizer management and crop pest control technologies are added, so that the problems of serious soil degradation and continuous cropping obstacles are prominent. Due to the reduction of soil quality, the yield and quality of crops are reduced, the sustainable development of intensive agriculture is threatened, and the environmental quality is influenced, so that the human health is threatened. Therefore, the reduction of the soil quality threatens the food safety and the ecological environment, and seriously restricts the further development of intensive planting industry in China.
Due to long-term continuous cropping, the nutrient absorbed by crops in soil is relatively single, so that the soil condition is changed, and particularly, the nutrient supply is obstructed due to the lack of medium and trace elements; secondly, components of rhizosphere microorganisms and root secretion are changed, so that root development obstacle is caused; thirdly, the activity and the absorption capacity of the root system and the activity of useful microorganisms at the rhizosphere are reduced, and the absorbed nutrients of the root are reduced, so that the content of various nutrients in the plant body is obviously reduced. On the other hand, continuous cropping reduces some physiological indicators of the crop itself: under certain conditions, the content of nitrate N, quick-acting P and quick-acting K in the plant body is obviously reduced by continuous cropping, so that the chlorophyll content of the leaf is reduced to influence the photosynthetic strength, the total amount of soluble sugar and amino acid of a photosynthetic product in the plant body is reduced, and the yield is reduced. If there is no method or way to prevent and control the continuous cropping obstacles of the soil, intensive planting will be impacted. Our research results indicate that key problems of soil continuous cropping obstacles include soil nutrient imbalance, soil organic matter deficiency, and toxicity problems of soil microflora and its secondary biomass.
The biological organic fertilizer is a fertilizer which is compounded by microorganisms with specific functions and organic materials mainly prepared from animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, cake dregs and the like) through harmless treatment and decomposition. A large number of experimental results show that the bio-organic fertilizer in agricultural production has the advantages of regulating plant growth, increasing crop yield, improving crop quality, improving soil, protecting ecological environment, reducing pollution and the like.
The existing biological organic fertilizer has the problems of unstable effect and relatively narrow application range in the application of overcoming continuous cropping obstacles. The commercial common biological organic fertilizer has insufficient viable bacteria content, weak strain function and unobvious or unstable effect after use; and certain special products have too strong specificity, for example, CN101659933A (200910183360.9) provides an antagonistic bacterium for preventing and removing the continuous cropping tomato bacterial wilt and a microbial organic fertilizer produced by the antagonistic bacterium, combines the antagonistic bacterium for specially resisting the tomato bacterial wilt and the organic fertilizer, specially prevents and treats the tomato bacterial wilt, and has no obvious effect on other crops. CN102344326A provides a biological organic fertilizer for inhibiting continuous cropping obstacle of flue-cured tobacco, which is prepared by piling and fermenting EM soil modifier, earthworm cast (cattle), EM stock solution and chlorine-free water = 5-8: 60-63: 0.5-1: 34.5-28 for 6-7 days. The invention has the characteristics of high fertilizer efficiency, no adverse side effect on soil and obvious inhibition of continuous cropping obstacle of flue-cured tobacco. The effect on other crops is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer containing natural minerals and cake dregs for intensive agricultural production and a preparation method thereof.
The invention also provides application of the biological organic fertilizer.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles is prepared from a medical stone microbial inoculum and cake solid fermentation materials according to the following steps: cake solid fermentation = 1: 1-4 weight ratio, and performing secondary fermentation for 24-36 hours under the condition of closed stacking;
the medical stone bacterial agent is prepared by adjusting the viable bacteria content of the bacterial strain ACCC10388 to 8 × 109～1×1010Inoculating fermentation broth per ml into Maifanitum powder, mixing, and stacking for 20-26 hr to obtain Maifanitum preparation with viable bacteria content of 4 × 108～5×108Per gram;
the cake solid fermentation product is prepared by inoculating fermentation liquor of strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 into cake, performing open solid fermentation under the conditions that the water content is 50-60 wt% and the pH is 5.5-8.0, and fermenting for 5-7 days, wherein the viable bacteria content of the fermentation liquor of the strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 is 1 × 1010～1.5×1010The viable bacteria content of the obtained cake solid fermentation product is 1 × 109～2×109Per gram.
According to the invention, the cake is preferably soybean cake, cottonseed cake or castor cake;
according to the invention, the fineness of the medical stone powder is preferably 80-200 meshes;
the strain ACCC10388 for fermenting medical stone is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), and the strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 for performing solid fermentation on cake are both Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis). The three strains are recorded in China agricultural microbial strain preservation management center (2005 edition) catalog of China agricultural strains, purchased from China agricultural microbial strain preservation management center, and the addresses are as follows: 12 # of south avenue of Guancun in Haizu area, Beijing.
According to the invention, the medical stone bacterial agent: cake solid fermentation = 1: 1.5-2 weight ratio.
According to the invention, in the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles, the total nitrogen (N) content is 3-5% in terms of N, and P is used2O5The mass ratio of the total phosphorus content is 2-3% in terms of K2The mass ratio of the total potassium content to the total potassium content is 1-2%, the mass ratio of the organic matter content is 40-50%, the mass ratio of the water content is 15-30%, and the amount of ACCC10388 live bacteria is not less than 1 × 108One per gram.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling the continuous cropping obstacles of the soil comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out liquid fermentation on the microbial strain ACCC10388, wherein the fermentation production conditions are as follows:
the culture solution is sterilized by peptone 5 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 5 mg, tap water 1000 ml, 121 deg.C, 0.1MP pressure maintaining 30min, after strain slant activation, enlarged culture in shake flask for 24h, then transfer to fermentation tank for culture according to 1-2% (v/v volume ratio), culture fermentation for 20-26 h, culture fermentation temperature 28-30 deg.C, rotation speed 200 r/min, aeration quantity 1: 1-1.2 according to volume ratio of air introduced per minute to fermentation liquor, strain ACCC10388 fermentation liquor is prepared, viable bacteria content is 8 × 109～1×1010One per ml.
(2) Inoculating the fermentation liquor of ACCC10388 prepared in the step (1) into medical stone powder, adding 50-60L of fermentation liquor into each ton of medical stone powder, mixing uniformly, and stacking for 20-26 hours to make the viable bacteria amount reach 4 × 108～5×108And (5) obtaining the medical stone bacterial agent per gram.
(3) Carrying out liquid fermentation on the microbial strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 under the following fermentation production conditions:
the culture solution is prepared by peeling, cutting and cooking potato 200 g, sucrose or white sugar or glucose 20 g, and tap water 1000 ml, maintaining the pressure at 121 deg.C and 0.1MP for 30min for sterilization, respectively activating the slant of the strain, shake-culturing in a shake flask for 24h, transferring into a fermentation tank according to the inoculation amount (v/v volume ratio) of 0.8-1.1% of each strain for culturing at 20-26 h, at 25-28 deg.C and 200 rpm, and introducing air at a ratio of 1: 1-1.2 per minute to the volume ratio of fermentation liquid to air to make the total viable bacteria content of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 reach 1 × 1010～1.5×1010One per ml. And preparing fermentation liquor of the strains ACCC10634 and ACCC 10626.
(4) And (2) adding 100-150L of fermentation liquor into each ton of cake, inoculating the fermentation liquor of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 prepared in the step (2) into a cake raw material, adjusting the water content to 50-60 wt% and the pH to 5.5-8.0, performing open solid fermentation, turning the pile when the central temperature (also called fermentation temperature) of the pile is increased to 50 ℃, performing pile turning once a day, fermenting for 5-7 days, and performing low-temperature drying or natural drying to obtain a cake solid fermentation product.
(5) And (3) mixing the medical stone microbial inoculum obtained in the step (2) with the cake solid fermentation material obtained in the step (4) according to a weight ratio, so that the medical stone microbial inoculum accounts for 30-40%, the cake solid fermentation material accounts for 60-70%, and after-ripening and stacking for 24-36 hours to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the after-ripening stacking in step (5) is performed under closed conditions with canvas covering after stacking.
The water content of the biological organic fertilizer obtained by the invention is controlled to be below 30wt% under the condition that the temperature is not higher than 60 ℃, preferably, the water content is 15-30 wt%, and the biological organic fertilizer is packaged to obtain the finished product of the biological organic fertilizer.
The biological organic fertilizer obtained by the invention is applied to preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles, in particular to the continuous cropping production of crop rotation of outdoor vegetables such as green onion, ginger and garlic, cotton and wheat, and the continuous cropping production of greenhouse cucumber, greenhouse watermelon or greenhouse melon crops, preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles and realizing intensive agricultural production.
The fertilizer contains natural minerals, cake meal and beneficial microorganisms, has good effect, and has the function of increasing yield, so that continuous cropping soil is repaired, and the healthy development of intensive agriculture is ensured.
According to the application, when the biological organic fertilizer is used for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles of soil, a basal application or dressing application mode can be adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. basal application: the biological organic fertilizer product is scattered on the ground surface and ploughed, and the using amount is 1500 kg-3000 kg/ha.
B. Dressing: the biological organic fertilizer product is applied near the root system of crops in furrows or added into irrigation water to be applied along with water, the using amount is 300 kg-600 kg/ha each time, and the biological organic fertilizer product is used for 2-3 times in the growth period of the crops.
Compared with the prior biological organic fertilizer, the invention has the following technical characteristics:
1) the bio-organic fertilizer product contains the high-efficiency bacterial strain ACCC10388 viable bacteria amount 1 × 10 for preventing and controlling the continuous cropping obstacle of the soil8More than one per gram, the effect of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria is very obvious. The fermentation liquor can be used for biological control of plant pathogenic fungi such as fusarium oxysporum, fusarium oxysporum and downy mildew of watermelon.
2) The natural medical stone component contained in the bio-organic fertilizer product provides various nutrient elements, especially rare earth elements, promotes the growth and development of crops, enhances the disease resistance of plants, and improves the continuous cropping resistance of crops to a certain extent.
3) The bio-organic fertilizer product contains the bacterial strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626, is used for carrying out solid fermentation on the cake, degrading macromolecular protein and toxin, improving the effectiveness of nutrients in the cake, and meanwhile, the degraded micromolecular polypeptide also has obvious effect on preventing and treating soil continuous cropping obstacles.
4) The bio-organic fertilizer product contains cake organic raw materials subjected to solid bio-fermentation treatment, contains rich organic matters (40-50%), contains 4% of total nitrogen (N) by mass, contains 3.4% of organic nitrogen, and mainly contains micromolecular polypeptides, amino acids and total phosphorus (P)2O5) 2.5% of total potassium (K)2O) content was 1.5%. The product not only provides rich organic matters, but also provides nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient elements required by the seedling stage of crops.
5) The invention uses natural medical stone to adsorb specific microbial strain fermentation liquor, and uses a proper process to produce the biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles together with the cake meal obtained by solid fermentation.
The invention has the following excellent effects:
1. the fertilizer product contains high-efficiency bacterial strain ACCC10388 with the live bacterial quantity of 1 × 10 for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles8More than one strain per gram, the number of viable bacteria is far higher than the existing relevant standard, the strain has good effect on diseases generated by continuous cropping, and the test result shows that: the effect of inhibiting fusarium oxysporum by the strain ACCC10388 reaches more than 80 percent; the field test of garlic shows that the prevention and control rate of the garlic wilt reaches more than 85 percent, and if the biological organic fertilizer is used for a long time, the continuous cropping soil obstacle of the cash crops can be effectively prevented and controlled.
2. The natural medical stone component contained in the fertilizer product provides various nutrient elements, especially rare earth elements, promotes the growth and development of crops, enhances the disease resistance of plants, and improves the continuous cropping resistance of crops to a certain extent. The medical stone is an ore product which is formed by weathering or corrosion of neutral or neutral acidic magma rock and contains various nutrient elements. It is different from general rock, and is porous in structure, large in surface area, strong in adsorption force, and has two-way regulation property for solution pH value, and can release more than 50 elements, in particular potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, zinc, , vanadium, nickel, selenium, manganese and copper, etc. Most of the nutrient elements dissolved out from the medical stone can directly or indirectly participate in photosynthesis, so that the green leaf area coefficient of crops is increased. Can be used for treating polluted soil.
3. The fertilizer product contains cake organic raw materials subjected to solid biological fermentation treatment, contains rich organic matters (40-50%), contains 4% of total nitrogen (N) by mass, contains 3.4% of organic nitrogen, and mainly contains micromolecular polypeptide, amino acid and total phosphorus (P)2O5) 2.5% of total potassium (K)2O) content was 1.5%. The product not only provides rich organic matters, but also provides nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient elements required by the seedling stage of crops. Experiments on the germination rate of wheat by leachate before and after cake fermentation show that the biological fermentation cake can promote wheat germination and has strong roots and seedlings. If the bio-organic fertilizer is used for a long time, the bio-organic fertilizer can be effectively usedPreventing and controlling continuous cropping soil obstacle of economic crops (such as green onion, ginger, garlic and the like).
4. The invention combines natural medical stone with high-quality organic matters and beneficial microorganisms, exerts the synergistic effect thereof, prepares the biological organic fertilizer with special effect and provides a technical product for intensive agricultural production.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but is not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the amounts of the raw materials are in parts by weight.
In each example, the medical stone and the cake (cottonseed cake or castor cake) are from vegetable oil processing company and purchased in the market. If the fineness of the purchased raw materials is not enough, the raw materials are crushed for standby. Wherein the medical stone is sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes, and the water content is below 15 wt%; cottonseed cake meal or castor cake meal, and ordinary cottonseed cake meal or castor cake meal sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.
Example 1.
(1) The preparation of zymophyte liquid is carried out by liquid fermentation of microbial strain ACCC10388 under conditions of culture liquid 5 g peptone, 5 mg manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1000 ml tap water, natural pH, 121 deg.C, 0.1MP, pressure maintaining for 30min, activation of slant of strain, shake culture for 24h, transferring into fermentation tank for culture according to 1% inoculum size, culture for 24h, culture (fermentation) temperature of 28-30 deg.C, rotation speed of 200 r/min, ventilation amount of 1:1 (volume ratio of air to fermentation liquid/min), and viable bacteria content of 8 × 109One per ml.
(2) The Maifanitum microbial inoculum is prepared by inoculating 60L/ton fermentation broth of ACCC10388 into Maifanitum powder, mixing, stacking, and fermenting for 24 hr until viable count reaches 4.2 × 108And (5) obtaining the medical stone microbial inoculum per gram.
(3) Carrying out liquid fermentation on microbial strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626, wherein the fermentation production conditions are that a culture solution is prepared by peeling and cutting 200 g of potatoes, cooking and filtering, 20 g of cane sugar, 1000 ml of tap water, natural pH, 121 ℃, 0.1MP, maintaining pressure and sterilizing for 30 minutes, activating a strain inclined plane, then carrying out amplification culture in a shake flask for 24 hours, then transferring the strain inclined plane into a fermentation tank according to 1 percent of inoculation amount for culture, wherein the fermentation time is 24 hours, the fermentation temperature is 25-28 ℃, the rotation speed is 200 r/min, and the ventilation amount is 1:1 (volume ratio of air to fermentation liquid/min), thus obtaining fermentation liquor of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626, and the viable bacteria content of the fermentation liquor is 1.5 × 1010One per ml.
(4) Preparing a cake solid fermentation product: inoculating 100L/ton of fermentation liquor of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 prepared in the step (3) into cottonseed cake raw material, adjusting the water content to be 60wt% and the pH value to be 6.5, performing open solid fermentation (open-air stacking), turning the stack when the central temperature (fermentation temperature) of the stack is raised to 50 ℃, turning the stack once a day later, fermenting for 7 days, and naturally airing to obtain cake solid fermentation product.
(5) Preparing a biological organic fertilizer: mixing the medical stone bacterial agent prepared in the step (2) and the cake solid fermentation product prepared in the step (4) according to the weight ratio of 35: 65, post-ripening and stacking for 30 hours (covering with canvas after stacking), finally drying at low temperature of not more than 60 ℃, controlling the water content of the obtained bio-organic fertilizer to be about 20wt%, packaging and leaving factory.
The obtained bio-organic fertilizer contains 1 × 108The mass ratio of the amount of the ACCC10388 live bacteria to the content of total nitrogen (N) is more than 3.50 percent, and the total phosphorus (P)2O5) 2.81 percent of total potassium (K)2O) content mass ratio of 1.82%, organic matter content mass ratio of 45.6% and water content mass ratio of 25%.
Example 2:
(1) preparing a zymophyte liquid: performing liquid fermentation on the microbial strain ACCC10388Fermenting under conditions of culture solution including peptone 5 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 5 mg, tap water 1000 ml, natural pH, 121 deg.C, 0.1MP pressure maintaining for 30min for sterilization, activating slant of strain, shake-flask culture for 24 hr, inoculating 2% (v/v) of strain into fermenter, culturing in fermenter at 28-30 deg.C for 24 hr, rotating speed of 200 r/min, ventilation at 1:1 (volume ratio of air to fermentation broth/min), and viable bacteria content of fermentation broth of 1 × 1010One per ml.
(2) The Maifanitum microbial inoculum is prepared by inoculating 50L/ton fermentation broth of ACCC10388 into Maifanitum powder, mixing, stacking, and fermenting for 24 hr until viable bacteria amount reaches 5 × 108And (5) obtaining the medical stone microbial inoculum per gram.
(3) Fermenting the microbial strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 in a liquid way under the conditions that a culture solution is prepared by peeling and cutting 200 g of potatoes, cooking and filtering, 20 g of white sugar, 1000 ml of tap water, 121 ℃, 0.1MP, maintaining pressure and sterilizing for 30 minutes, activating a strain inclined plane, then carrying out amplification culture in a shake flask for 24 hours, then transferring the strain inclined plane into a fermentation tank according to the inoculation amount of 0.9% (v/v) for culture, wherein the fermentation time is 24 hours, the fermentation temperature is 25-28 ℃, the rotating speed is 200 r/min, and the ventilation amount is 1: 1.1 (the volume ratio of air to the fermentation solution/min) to obtain the fermentation liquid of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626, and the viable bacteria content of the fermentation liquid is 1 × 1010One per ml.
(4) Preparing a cake solid fermentation product: inoculating 150L/ton of fermentation liquor of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 into the raw material of castor cake, adjusting the water content to 50% and pH to 6.5, performing open solid fermentation, turning over when the fermentation temperature rises to 50 ℃, turning over once a day later, fermenting for 6 days, and drying at low temperature or naturally airing to obtain the cake solid fermentation product.
(5) Preparing a biological organic fertilizer: mixing the medical stone microbial inoculum containing the ACCC10388 strain prepared in the step (2) and the cake solid fermentation product containing the ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 strains prepared in the step (4) according to the weight ratio of 40: 60, post-ripening and stacking for 30 hours, finally drying at low temperature under the condition that the temperature is not more than 60 ℃, controlling the water content of the bio-organic fertilizer to be 18wt%, and packaging and leaving the factory to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer capable of preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles.
The biological organic fertilizer contains 1 × 108The mass ratio of the amount of the ACCC10388 live bacteria to the content of total nitrogen (N) is more than 3.40 percent, and the total phosphorus (P)2O5) 2.60 percent of total potassium (K)2O) content mass ratio of 1.66%, organic matter content mass ratio of 42.0% and water content mass ratio of 20%.
The following are field tests of the products of examples 1-2
(1) Field test of garlic
Experiment time: 10 months 2012 to 5 months 2013
The experimental site: shandong Jinxiang
Conditions of the experimental field: garlic-cotton crop rotation is continuously planted for 10 years,
the bio-organic fertilizer of the embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention is used as a base fertilizer, the fertilizer dosage is 150 kg/mu, and garlic is broadcast and ploughed before sowing; other management measures are performed conventionally. .
Comparative example: the conventional commercial bioorganic fertilizer I is applied in the same way as above. The experimental results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Effect of garlic application of Bio-organic fertilizer on yield
Note: the economic benefit is calculated according to 2.0 yuan/kg of garlic bulb and 3.0 yuan/kg of garlic bolt. The conventional commercial biological organic fertilizer I is a biological organic fertilizer of Taian dark blue fertilizer company Limited, the functional strain is bacillus subtilis, the viable count is 0.2 hundred million/gram, and the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40 percent.
The results show that: the product can increase the garlic head by 28.59%, the garlic bolt by 27.02%, and the income by 1243 yuan and 1221 yuan respectively per mu compared with the reference, and has remarkable economic benefit.
(2) Cucumber field test
Experiment time: 8 months to 2013 and 2 months in 2012
The experimental site: shandong shouguang (a Chinese character of Shandong)
Conditions of the experimental field: soil for continuous cropping of two-crop-one-year cucumbers for 8 years
The biological organic fertilizer of the embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention is used as a base fertilizer, the fertilizer dosage is 400 kg/mu, and the cucumber is broadcast and ploughed before field planting; other management measures are performed conventionally.
Comparative example: the conventional commercial bioorganic fertilizer II is applied by the same method as above. The results of the experiment are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 influence of bio-organic fertilizer application to greenhouse cucumber on yield
Note: the economic benefit is calculated according to the cucumber average price of 2.50 yuan/kg. The 'conventional commercial bio-organic fertilizer II' is a bio-organic fertilizer of Texas City Yuan and agricultural science and technology development Limited liability company, the functional strain is bacillus subtilis, the viable count is 0.2 hundred million/g, and the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40%.
The results show that: the cucumber yield can be increased by 28.59% by using the product, and the economic benefit is remarkable compared with 4108 yuan and 4578.25 yuan respectively increased per mu by using the product.
Claims (7)
1. A biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles is prepared by mixing a medical stone microbial inoculum and cake solid fermentation products according to the following steps: cake solid fermentation = 1: 1-4 weight ratio, and performing secondary fermentation for 24-36 hours under the condition of closed stacking;
the medical stone bacterial agent is prepared by adjusting the viable bacteria content of the bacterial strain ACCC10388 to 8 × 109~1×1010Inoculating fermentation broth per ml into Maifanitum powder, mixing, and stacking for 20-26 hr to obtain Maifanitum preparation with viable bacteria content of 4 × 108~5×108Per gram; the cooked wheaten foodThe fineness of the stone powder is 80-200 meshes;
the cake solid fermentation product is prepared by inoculating fermentation liquor of strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 into cake, performing open solid fermentation under the conditions that the water content is 50-60 wt% and the pH is 5.5-8.0, and fermenting for 5-7 days, wherein the viable bacteria content of the fermentation liquor of the strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 is 1 × 1010~1.5×1010The viable bacteria content of the obtained cake solid fermentation product is 1 × 109~2×109Per gram;
in the biological organic fertilizer, the mass ratio of total nitrogen content counted by N is 3-5%, and P is used2O5The mass ratio of the total phosphorus content is 2-3% in terms of K2The mass ratio of the total potassium content to the total potassium content is 1-2%, the mass ratio of the organic matter content is 40-50%, the mass ratio of the water content is 15-30%, and the amount of ACCC10388 live bacteria is not less than 1 × 108One per gram.
2. The biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cake is soybean cake, cottonseed cake or castor cake.
3. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the medical stone bacterial agent: cake fermentation = 1: 1.5-2 weight ratio.
4. A method for preparing a biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out liquid fermentation on the microbial strain ACCC10388 under the following fermentation conditions:
sterilizing culture solution with peptone 5 g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 5 mg, and tap water 1000 ml at 121 deg.C under 0.1MP pressure for 30 min; activating the strain slant, performing amplification culture in a shake flask for 24h, and then transferring the strain into a fermentation tank for culture according to the inoculum size of 1-2% in volume ratio; culturing in a fermentation tank for 20-26 hours at 28-30 deg.C at 200 rpm, and introducing air at a volume ratio of 1: 1-1.2; preparing the fermentation liquor of the strain ACCC10388The bacteria content is 8 × 109~1×1010Per ml;
(2) inoculating the fermentation liquor of ACCC10388 prepared in the step (1) into medical stone powder, adding 50-60L of fermentation liquor into each ton of medical stone powder, mixing uniformly, and stacking for 20-26 hours to make the viable bacteria amount reach 4 × 108~5×108Obtaining the medical stone bacterial agent per gram;
(3) carrying out liquid fermentation on the microbial strains ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 under the following fermentation production conditions:
the culture solution is prepared by peeling, cutting and cooking potato 200 g, sucrose or white sugar or glucose 20 g, and tap water 1000 ml, maintaining the pressure at 121 deg.C and 0.1MP for 30min for sterilization, respectively activating the slant of the strain, shake-culturing for 24h, transferring into a fermentation tank for culturing according to the inoculation amount of 0.8-1.1% of each strain by volume ratio, culturing for 20-26 h at 25-28 deg.C and 200 rpm at the fermentation temperature of 1-1.2, and introducing air at the volume ratio of air to fermentation liquid per minute to reach the total viable bacteria content of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 of 1 × 1010~1.5×1010Per ml; preparing fermentation liquor of the strains ACCC10634 and ACCC 10626;
(4) adding 100-150L of fermentation liquor into each ton of cake, inoculating the fermentation liquor of ACCC10634 and ACCC10626 prepared in the step (2) into a cake raw material, adjusting the water content to 50-60 wt% and the pH to 5.5-8.0, performing open solid fermentation, turning the material pile once every day when the central temperature of the material pile rises to 50 ℃, fermenting for 5-7 days, and then drying at low temperature or naturally drying to obtain a cake solid fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the medical stone microbial inoculum obtained in the step (2) with the cake solid fermentation material obtained in the step (4) according to a weight ratio, so that the medical stone microbial inoculum accounts for 30-40%, the cake solid fermentation material accounts for 60-70%, and after-ripening and stacking for 24-36 hours to obtain the composite microbial inoculum.
5. The method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 4, wherein the post-maturation stacking in the step (5) is performed under a closed condition covered with canvas after stacking.
6. The use of the biological organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for the continuous cropping production of open field vegetables such as green onion, ginger and garlic, cotton and wheat in rotation, and the continuous cropping production of greenhouse cucumbers, greenhouse watermelons or greenhouse melons, preventing and controlling soil continuous cropping obstacles, and realizing intensive agricultural production.
7. The application of the biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, which adopts a basal application or dressing application mode, and comprises the following steps:
A. basal application: the biological organic fertilizer product is scattered on the ground surface and ploughed, and the using amount is 1500 kg-3000 kg/ha; or,
B. dressing: the biological organic fertilizer product is applied near the root system of crops in furrows or added into irrigation water to be applied along with water, the using amount is 300 kg-600 kg/ha each time, and the biological organic fertilizer product is used for 2-3 times in the growth period of the crops.
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