CN103842231A - 用于控制混合动力传动系中的分离离合器的方法和传动系 - Google Patents

用于控制混合动力传动系中的分离离合器的方法和传动系 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103842231A
CN103842231A CN201280034762.2A CN201280034762A CN103842231A CN 103842231 A CN103842231 A CN 103842231A CN 201280034762 A CN201280034762 A CN 201280034762A CN 103842231 A CN103842231 A CN 103842231A
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combustion engine
friction clutch
torque
motor
drive train
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CN201280034762.2A
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CN103842231B (zh
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维利·鲁德
马丁·迪尔泽
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

Abstract

本发明涉及一种混合动力传动系（1）和一种用于控制机动车的混合动力传动系（1）的摩擦离合器（4）的方法，所述混合动力传动系具有借助于飞轮（10）与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴（3）耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机（5），所述摩擦离合器（4）将由用于借助于电机（5）启动内燃机的启动力矩和在传动系（1）超速运行时作用于内燃机（5）上的推进力矩形成的总力矩传输到内燃机上。为了能够可靠地运行所述传动系（1）并且避免由于高的总力矩所引起的摩擦离合器（4）的超尺寸，将施加到摩擦离合器（4）上的力矩限制于预设的、可经由摩擦离合器传输的传输力矩。

Description

用于控制混合动力传动系中的分离离合器的方法和传动系
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力传动系和一种用于控制机动车的混合动力传动系的摩擦离合器的方法，所述混合动力传动系具有借助于飞轮与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机，所述摩擦离合器将由用于借助于电机启动内燃机的启动力矩和在传动系超速运行时作用于内燃机上的推进力矩形成的总力矩传输到内燃机上。
背景技术
从一系列应用中广泛地已知混合动力传动系。在此，除驱动变速器输入轴的内燃机之外，设有电机，所述电机在传动系的超速阶段中用作为发电机，并且此外，所述电机在电动机的运行类型中单独地或者结合内燃机以辅助的方式驱动内燃机和/或具有混合动力传动系的机动车。在此，在内燃机和电机之间，摩擦离合器作用为将内燃机和电机彼此脱耦的分离离合器。
在特殊的混合动力传动系中，在内燃机的曲轴和变速器的变速器输入轴之间设置有飞轮，所述飞轮在从内燃机到变速器上的力矩传输的方向上锁止并且在推进方向上以超速运转的方式设置。为了除必要时执行的电机回收之外能够将推进力矩传递到内燃机上以便例如对机动车进行制动，对此至少部分地闭合摩擦离合器。此外，当例如在机动车静止的情况下应借助于电机以冷启动或热启动的方式启动内燃机或者在机动车仅借助于电机前进或滑行期间启动内燃机时，摩擦离合器闭合。为此，经由摩擦离合器传输启动力矩，所述启动力矩仅仅由电机和/或机动车的动能形成。因此，总力矩按比例地由推进力矩和启动力矩组成，并且在摩擦离合器按标准闭合的情况下，所需要的传输力矩可远超过需要用于启动内燃机或者推进力矩辅助的力矩，使得摩擦离合器的部件、例如设置在压紧板和壳体之间的板簧、铆接装置、离合器盘或类似装置必须相应大地确定尺寸。在此特别地，在离合器盘的摩擦衬片的衬面摩擦系数变化的情况下能够传输特别高的、在该高度下不必要的力矩。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是，提出一种用于控制混合动力传动系中的摩擦离合器的改进的方法和具有尺寸更小的摩擦离合器的混合动力传动系。
所述目的通过一种用于控制机动车的混合动力传动系的摩擦离合器的方法来实现，所述传动系具有借助于飞轮与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机，所述摩擦离合器将由用于借助于电机启动内燃机的启动力矩和在传动系超速运行时作用于内燃机上的推进力矩形成的总力矩传输到内燃机上，其中将施加到摩擦离合器上的力矩限制于预设的、能够经由摩擦离合器传输的传输力矩。通过限制可传输的力矩，能够针对实际所需的传输力矩进而对于更小的传输能力来设计摩擦离合器，由此能够节约成本。在此，摩擦离合器依据离合器盘的摩擦衬片的摩擦系数和离合器执行器的压紧力通过预设耦合器路径的执行器路径而仅闭合至直到传递所必需的传输力矩。在此，总力矩的较高的力矩份额通过摩擦离合器的滑动运行而逐渐消失。在此有利的是，仅当摩擦系数具有最小的、计算出的数值并且计算出的公差值处于边界值时，摩擦离合器才完全闭合。
为了在保持摩擦离合状态期间避免损失能量，离合器执行器自锁地构成，例如构成为具有自锁的螺杆螺距的螺杆执行器。
借助于控制仪器进行摩擦离合器的控制，所述控制仪器从预设的传输力矩中借助于特征曲线输出用于离合器执行器的执行器路径。在此，特征曲线由摩擦系数和执行器路径形成并且以有利的方式按需要地、例如按照规则和/或根据离合过程的数量来调整。特征曲线的调整例如能够通过确定摩擦离合器刚好开始传输力矩时的采样点形式的Y轴部段和在预设的力矩中确定的执行器路径形式的斜率来进行。
此外，所述目的通过用于执行所提出的方法的传动系来实现，所述传动系具有借助于飞轮与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机和摩擦离合器，在摩擦离合器上施加有由用于借助于电机启动内燃机的启动力矩和在传动系超速运行时作用于内燃机上的推进力矩形成的总力矩，其中摩擦离合器在遵守安全余量的情况下针对预设的、限制总力矩的传输力矩来设计。通过受限制的传输力矩能够针对更小的待传输力矩来设计摩擦离合器。要理解的是，在此设有相应的安全余量，所述安全余量考虑到各个离合器部件的公差。
具体实施方式
根据唯一的附图详细阐明本发明。所述附图示出横贯机动车的混合动力传动系1的部分剖开图，所述混合动力传动系具有仅示出曲轴2的内燃机、没有详细示出的变速器的变速器输入轴3、摩擦离合器4和电机5。曲轴2经由扭转减振器7与中间轴8啮合并且将内燃机的转矩经由飞轮10的输入部件9导入到变速器输入轴3中。借助于定子11容纳在壳体6上的电机借助于转子13与飞轮10的输出部件14抗转动地连接。此外，转子13与摩擦离合器4的输入部件15抗转动地连接。摩擦离合器4的输出部件由离合器盘16形成，所述离合器盘与中间轴8抗转动地连接。
离合器执行器17借助于盘形弹簧18轴向地移动压紧板19并且将借助于板簧20抗转动地且可轴向移动地支撑在支撑件21上的压紧板19相对于轴向固定的配对压板23夹紧，使得离合器盘16的摩擦衬片24被夹紧并且通过构成与压紧板19和配对压板23的摩擦接合将传输力矩从转子13或者变速器输入轴3在绕开在所述转矩方向上超速运转的飞轮10的情况下传递到中间轴上并且从那里经由扭转减振器7传递到曲轴2上，其中所述支撑件可借助于轴承12能相对于壳体构件22转动的方式被容纳。
在机动车静止的情况下，内燃机的启动经由摩擦离合器4通过由电机5施加启动力矩来进行，其中摩擦离合器刚好闭合至使得传递内燃机的启动力矩。此外，在机动车行驶时，内燃机的启动能够通过下述方式进行：将在变速器的所接入的传动比中所施加的动能经由摩擦离合器4引导到曲轴2上，所述动能例如通过滑行运行或者电机5的单独驱动来提供。最后，能够将推进力矩从变速器输入轴3传输到转子13上并且在摩擦离合器4传输力矩的情况下进行传输，所述推进力矩借助于内燃机用于获取电能或者机动车的推进制动。在这两种情况下，摩擦离合器4刚好闭合至或者滑动运行至，使得仅传递预设的传输力矩。在此，传输力矩设计成，使得可靠地传递启动力矩还有期望的推进力矩，此外，摩擦离合器作为过载保护装置用作自身保护，使得在出现更大的推进力矩的情况下，通过设定滑行来防止摩擦离合器的过载。通过预设传输力矩，能够针对最大所需的力矩来调节和相应地设计摩擦离合器。以该方式，能够取消针对峰值力矩进行设计，由此，尽管进行使用寿命固定的设计，仍能够将摩擦离合器的尺寸确定得更小。
附图标记列表
1   传动系
2   曲轴
3   变速器输入轴
4   摩擦离合器
5   电机
6   壳体
7   扭转减振器
8   中间轴
9   输入部件
10  飞轮
11  定子
12  轴承
13  转子
14  输出部件
15  输入部件
16  离合器盘
17  离合器执行器
18  盘形弹簧
19  压紧板
20  板簧
21  支撑件
22  壳体构件
23  配对压板
24  摩擦衬片。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于控制机动车的混合动力传动系（1）的摩擦离合器（4）的方法，所述混合动力传动系具有借助于飞轮（10）与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴（3）耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机（5），所述摩擦离合器（4）将由用于借助于所述电机（5）启动所述内燃机的启动力矩和在所述传动系超速运行时作用于所述内燃机（5）上的推进力矩形成的总力矩传输到所述内燃机上，
其特征在于，将施加到所述摩擦离合器（4）上的总力矩限制于预设的、能够经由所述摩擦离合器（4）传输的传输力矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，借助于自锁的离合器执行器（17）操作所述摩擦离合器（4）。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，将执行器路径借助于特征曲线与所述传输力矩相关联，以用于传输所述传输力矩。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，按需求调整所述特征曲线。
5.用于执行根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法的传动系（1），所述传动系具有借助于飞轮（10）与用于传输发动机力矩的变速器的变速器输入轴（3）耦联的内燃机和启动内燃机的和/或驱动机动车的电机（5）和摩擦离合器（4），在所述摩擦离合器（4）上施加有由用于借助于所述电机（5）启动所述内燃机的启动力矩和在所述传动系（1）超速运行时作用于所述内燃机上的推进力矩形成的总力矩，
其特征在于，所述摩擦离合器（4）在遵守安全余量的情况下针对预设的、限制总力矩的传输力矩来设计。
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US10781869B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2020-09-22 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Friction clutch having a rotational axis
CN108138859A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2018-06-08 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 具有旋转轴线的摩擦离合器
CN108138859B (zh) * 2015-11-16 2020-01-21 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 具有旋转轴线的摩擦离合器
CN107139711A (zh) * 2016-03-01 2017-09-08 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于混合动力汽车的动力耦合装置
CN107472241B (zh) * 2016-06-07 2020-04-03 奥迪股份公司 用于运行驱动设备的方法以及相应的驱动设备
CN107472241A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-15 奥迪股份公司 用于运行驱动设备的方法以及相应的驱动设备
CN107618353B (zh) * 2016-07-15 2019-12-10 丰田自动车株式会社 用于车辆的驱动控制系统
CN107618353A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-23 丰田自动车株式会社 用于车辆的驱动控制系统
CN110418727A (zh) * 2017-02-28 2019-11-05 麦格纳Pt有限两合公司 用于控制混合动力传动系的方法
CN110418727B (zh) * 2017-02-28 2022-04-15 麦格纳Pt有限两合公司 用于控制混合动力传动系的方法
CN111615598A (zh) * 2018-01-17 2020-09-01 麦格纳动力系有限两合公司 用于调控位置控制的离合器单元的接合位置的方法以及构成用于执行方法的扭矩传递装置
CN112368487A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2021-02-12 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 在配有内燃机的机动车上提高自动离合器接触点判定精度的方法
CN112368487B (zh) * 2018-07-18 2022-08-23 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 在配有内燃机的机动车上提高自动离合器接触点判定精度的方法
CN113677551A (zh) * 2019-04-26 2021-11-19 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于机动车的混动模块以及动力总成

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CN103842231B (zh) 2016-09-21
DE112012002937A5 (de) 2014-04-24

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