CN103819235B - A kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology - Google Patents
A kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103819235B CN103819235B CN201410029921.0A CN201410029921A CN103819235B CN 103819235 B CN103819235 B CN 103819235B CN 201410029921 A CN201410029921 A CN 201410029921A CN 103819235 B CN103819235 B CN 103819235B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology, comprise the steps: that (1) is collected rubbish from cooking and carried out oily water separation, carry out fragmentation after removing impurity, obtain the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation; (2) water ratio regulating the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation is 50 ~ 75%, then mix with aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out aerobic fermentation, content to 15% ~ 25% of aerobe fermentation system total fiber element is regulated before aerobic fermentation starts, or water-holding agent is added in aerobic fermentation system, realize the regulation and control of water morphology in aerobic fermentation system more than kitchen.The present invention by the regulation and control of water morphology in regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thus improves the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic waste aerobic fermentation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology.
Background technology
Rubbish from cooking is the one of organic waste, comprises leftovers, leftovers, dish leaf, pericarp, eggshell, tea grounds, bone etc., the discarded food materials produced in general reference diet activity and discarded or residual food.
Rubbish from cooking is as the organic waste of one, and organic content is enriched, and in actual treatment disposal process, the normal aerobic fermentation technology that adopts carries out resource utilization to rubbish from cooking.In aerobic fermentation process, water ratio is one of controlling factor of key, and too high water ratio can hinder the mass transfer of gas in aerobic fermentation system, thus makes aerobic fermentation system be tending towards anaerobism; Too low water ratio can make the activity of microorganism in system be suppressed, and is unfavorable for organic decomposition and humify.
Water ratio meeting continuous decrease in aerobic fermentation process, a suitable scope is remained in order to make the water ratio of system, the mode that usual employing external source keeps the skin wet realizes, but in the storage of aerobic fermentation product, transport and use procedure, require that again water ratio remains on lower level, therefore the moisture that this part external source is added needed again to be removed in the aerobic fermentation later stage, and this is adding the cost of aerobic fermentation virtually.And by regulating and controlling the water morphology of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, under external source does not add the prerequisite of moisture, the water ratio situation of aerobic fermentation system can be improved, and effectively promote the stable of aerobic fermentation system and become thoroughly decomposed.
There are three kinds of water morphologies in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, be respectively stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture, wherein stagnantization water and capillary water can be utilized by microorganism, and the lost complexity of the water of these three kinds of forms is followed successively by Bound moisture, capillary water and stagnantization water simultaneously.
The moisture of these three kinds of forms can transform mutually and move under certain condition, therefore by regulation and control water morphology, reduce the ratio of the stagnantization water easily scattered and disappeared, thus slow down the lowering speed of water ratio, improve the processing efficiency of aerobic fermentation system, increase the pressure of dehydration to rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology, by the water morphology of regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thus improve the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Based on a rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process for regulation and control water morphology, comprise the steps:
(1) collect rubbish from cooking and carry out oily water separation, carry out fragmentation after removing impurity, obtain the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation;
(2) water ratio regulating the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation is 50% ~ 75%, then mix with aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out aerobic fermentation, add content to 15% ~ 25% that amendment regulates aerobe fermentation system total fiber element before aerobic fermentation starts, or add water-holding agent in aerobic fermentation system.
There are three kinds of water morphologies in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, be respectively stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture, wherein stagnantization water and capillary water can be utilized by microorganism, and the lost complexity of the water of these three kinds of forms is followed successively by Bound moisture, capillary water and stagnantization water simultaneously.The moisture of these three kinds of forms can transform mutually and move under certain condition, therefore by regulation and control water morphology, reduce the ratio of the stagnantization water easily scattered and disappeared, thus slow down the lowering speed of water ratio, improve the processing efficiency of aerobic fermentation system, do not increase the pressure of dehydration simultaneously to system.
Therefore the present invention is by adding these two kinds of modes of content of total fiber element in water-holding agent and regulation and control aerobic fermentation system, realizes the regulation and control of water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thus improves the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Described total fiber element is the summation of hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen.
As preferably, the particle diameter of the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation described in step (1) is 1cm ~ 8cm.More preferably 5cm.
As preferably, in aerobic fermentation system, add amendment in step (2) to regulate content to 19.99% ~ 22.69% of its total fiber element.
Further preferably, the total fiber cellulose content of described amendment is 20% ~ 45%; The dry weight ratio of rubbish from cooking and amendment is 1:3 ~ 1:1.Described amendment is preferably discarded food materials.
Another kind of optimal way, step adds water-holding agent in (2) in aerobic fermentation system, and water-holding agent addition is 0.25% ~ 2.00% of aerobic fermentation system weight in wet base, and the water absorbent rate of water-holding agent is 150 ~ 400.
Further preferably, described water-holding agent is anion-polyacrylamide, water-absorbing resin or starch grafted acrylate.
Further preferably, described water-holding agent before aerobic fermentation system enters the pliotherm period or initial stage pliotherm period add.The fermentation pliotherm period temperature of described aerobic fermentation is 50 ~ 70 DEG C.
As preferably, the fermentation time of described aerobic fermentation is 14 ~ 18 days.Be more preferably 16 days.
As preferably, in the process of described aerobic fermentation, oxygenation mode is forced aeration or standing turning, and aeration rate is 0.04L/ (min.L) ~ 0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1 ~ 4 day.
Total fiber cellulose content in the ratio control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system of rubbish from cooking and amendment is adjusted in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, or interpolation water-holding agent, thus the regulation and control realized water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, under above-mentioned optimum condition combination, aerobic fermentation starts in 2 days to 6 days this periods, the ratio that stagnantization water accounts for total moisture is 55% ~ 70%, and the ratio that capillary water accounts for total moisture is 20% ~ 40%, and the ratio that Bound moisture accounts for total moisture is 2% ~ 15%; At the end of aerobic fermentation, the ratio that stagnantization water accounts for total moisture is 80% ~ 92%, and the ratio that capillary water accounts for total moisture is 5% ~ 15%, and the ratio that Bound moisture accounts for total moisture is 4% ~ 7%.
Described aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum is separated in rubbish from cooking, and being the indigenous bacterium in rubbish from cooking system, is mixed thalline system, also common fermentation microbial inoculum ((the such as EM microbial inoculum of commercial applications can be used, Gymboree one type etc.), add microbial inoculum and can reduce fermentation period, its addition is 10
8~ 10
15cFU/kg(weight in wet base) between.
Described rubbish from cooking is the organic waste that diet terminates rear generation.
Described oily water separation refers to and is placed on screen cloth by original rubbish from cooking, realizes the separation between profit and rubbish from cooking.
Described aerobic fermentation process is carried out in aerobic fermentation device, device is furnished with aerating apparatus, on-line temperature monitoring device and thermal insulation layer, carry out forced aeration or standing turning, aeration rate is between 0.04L/ (min.L) ~ 0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1 ~ 4 day.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention, by adding the content of total fiber element in water-holding agent and regulation and control aerobic fermentation system, realizes the regulation and control of water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thus improves the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation raw material: getting Hangzhou Forum on College Eating-room rubbish from cooking 12kg(water ratio is 73.90 ± 0.69%), air-dry discarded food materials 6kg(water ratio is 12.85 ± 0.22%).
The supernatant liquor got after rubbish from cooking lixiviate is inoculated with in one of them minimal medium being carbon source of starch, glucose and protein, screening obtains the flora with degraded starch, glucose and protein function respectively, before use three class floras mixed culture in LB substratum is obtained required bacterium liquid.
Above-mentioned rubbish from cooking and air-dry discarded food materials are all broken into particle diameter 5cm, then fully mix, adding 18ml concentration is 1 × 10
15the bacterium liquid of CFU/mL, and regulate water ratio to be 60%, finally the material of mixing is divided into three equal parts.
Aerobic fermentation device A directly put into by first part of material; Second part of material adds water-holding agent (anion-polyacrylamide), and water conservation multiplying power is 200, and its quality is 0.5% of weight in wet base, puts into aerobic fermentation device B after then mixing; Aerobic fermentation device C directly put into by 3rd part of material, when the temperature-stable of system is at about 50 DEG C, all taken out by material in device C and add water-holding agent (anion-polyacrylamide), its quality is 0.5% of weight in wet base, after mixing again in filling device C.The aeration rate of all devices is 0.05L/ (min.L), and the aerobic fermentation time is 16 days.
During aerobic fermentation, Real-Time Monitoring temperature, sampling in every two days once, measures water ratio, stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture, and the sample at the end of initial sample and aerobic fermentation also needs to measure the per-cent that PHA(humic acid accounts for total humic acid).In whole aerobic fermentation process, device A temperature when 80h reaches 50 DEG C, and in process, top temperature is 57.8 DEG C; Device B temperature when 24h reaches 50 DEG C, and in process, top temperature is 57.8 DEG C; Device C temperature when 72h reaches 50 DEG C, and with the addition of water-holding agent when 88h, and in process, top temperature is 60.2 DEG C.The initial PHA of device A is 8.86%, at the end of PHA be 21.36%; The initial PHA of device B is 8.86%, at the end of PHA be 24.07%; The initial PHA of device B is 8.86%, at the end of PHA be 25.53%.
The situation of the water ratio of device A, B and C, stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture is in table 1
Table 1
The data of table 1 are known in conjunction with the change of temperature and PHA, the present invention adds the regulation and control that water-holding agent achieves water morphology, add the rising that water-holding agent can accelerate system temperature and the temperature impelling system to reach higher, be conducive to killing of pathogenic agent in system, and the degree of humification of system can be improved.Embodiment 2
Rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation raw material: rubbish from cooking and discarded food materials take from Hangzhou Forum on College Eating-room.
It is air-dry that rubbish from cooking and discarded food materials all pass through appropriateness, and the air-dry rear water ratio of appropriateness maintains about 60%, and rubbish from cooking total fiber element accounts for 16.84% of dry weight, and discarded food materials total fiber element accounts for 25.11% of dry weight.
The supernatant liquor got after rubbish from cooking lixiviate is inoculated with in one of them minimal medium being carbon source of starch, glucose and protein, screening obtains the flora with degraded starch, glucose and protein function respectively, before use three class floras mixed culture in LB substratum is obtained required bacterium liquid.
Be provided with 5 groups of process, be respectively process 1(100% discard food materials+0% rubbish from cooking), process 2(75% discard food materials+25% rubbish from cooking), process 3(50% discard food materials+50% rubbish from cooking), process 4(25% discard food materials+75% rubbish from cooking) and process 5(0% discard food materials+100% rubbish from cooking), the aerobic fermentation raw materials quality of each process is 6kg, water ratio is about 60%, particle diameter is about 5cm, and all adding 6ml concentration is 1 × 10
15the bacterium liquid of CFU/mL, all process are all fermented in aerobic fermentation device.The aeration rate of all process is 0.05L/ (min.L), and the aerobic fermentation time is 16 days.
During aerobic fermentation, Real-Time Monitoring temperature, once, measure water ratio, stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture, initial sample determines total fiber cellulose content in sampling in every two days, and the sample at the end of initial sample and aerobic fermentation also needs to measure C/N.
The top temperature processing 1 in aerobic fermentation process is 52.3 DEG C, and temperature is 8 days higher than the time of 50 DEG C; The top temperature of process 2 is 57.4 DEG C, and temperature is 9 days higher than the time of 50 DEG C, and has 5 days temperature in these 9 days higher than 55 DEG C; The top temperature of process 3 is 56.9 DEG C, and temperature is 8.5 days higher than the time of 50 DEG C, and has 6 days temperature in these 8.5 days higher than 55 DEG C; The top temperature of process 4 is 56.1 DEG C, and temperature is 5.5 days higher than the time of 50 DEG C; The top temperature of process 5 is 56.9 DEG C, and temperature is 4.5 days higher than the time of 50 DEG C.
The per-cent that the total fiber element of process 1, process 2, process 3, process 4 and process 5 accounts for dry weight is respectively 25.11%, 22.69%, 19.99%, 17.93% and 16.84%.
Processing 1 initial C/N is 27.07, at the end of C/N be 18.37; Processing 2 initial C/N is 31.00, at the end of C/N be 15.26; Processing 3 initial C/N is 38.32, at the end of C/N be 14.57; Processing 4 initial C/N is 42.71, at the end of C/N be 18.65; Processing 5 initial C/N is 50.70, at the end of C/N be 22.81.
The situation of the water ratio of process 1, process 2, process 3, process 4 and process 5, stagnantization water, capillary water and Bound moisture is in table 2:
Table 2
The data of table 2 are known in conjunction with the change of temperature and C/N, the present invention can realize the regulation and control of water morphology by the content of total fiber element in regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, is controlled by total fiber cellulose content in the present embodiment to realize becoming thoroughly decomposed of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system while regulation and control water morphology between 19.99% ~ 22.69%.
Claims (6)
1., based on a rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process for regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) collect rubbish from cooking and carry out oily water separation, carry out fragmentation after removing impurity, obtain the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation;
(2) water ratio regulating the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation is 50% ~ 75%, then mixes with aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, carries out aerobic fermentation, adds content to 15% ~ 25% that amendment regulates aerobe fermentation system total fiber element before aerobic fermentation starts.
2., according to claim 1 based on the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process of regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation described in step (1) is 1cm ~ 8cm.
3., according to claim 1 based on the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process of regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, in aerobic fermentation system, add amendment in step (2) to regulate content to 19.99% ~ 22.69% of its total fiber element.
4., according to claim 3 based on the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process of regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, the total fiber cellulose content of described amendment is 20% ~ 45%; The dry weight ratio of rubbish from cooking and amendment is 1:3 ~ 1:1.
5., according to claim 1 based on the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process of regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, the fermentation time of described aerobic fermentation is 14 ~ 18 days.
6. according to claim 1 based on the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process of regulation and control water morphology, it is characterized in that, in the process of described aerobic fermentation, oxygenation mode is forced aeration or standing turning, aeration rate is 0.04L/ (min.L) ~ 0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1 ~ 4 day.
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| CN104072224A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | 广西师范大学 | Method for preparing compost by mixing kitchen waste with Chinese medicine residue and bagasse, used as conditioners and external carbon sources |
| CN107311708A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-11-03 | 广西力源宝科技有限公司 | The production system and method for fertilizer are prepared using kitchen garbage |
| CN109485468A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-19 | 北京天极视讯科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aerobic fermentation method using high absorbency material |
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